Influence Of Physical Environmental Factors Research Articles

Influence of physical environmental parameters on the abundance of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus of the Cross River, Nigeria.

In this study, the influence of physical environmental factors (rainfall, temperature, water depth, turbidity, transparency and conductivity) on the temporal distribution, abundance and catch of C. nigrodigitatus from the Cross River was investigated. Fish catch and abundance were monitored fortnightly for 12 months. Surface water samples were collected twice monthly and analyzed using standard methods. Seasonal variations in rainfall, water depth, temperature, turbidity, transparency and conductivity were observed across the study period. Correlation analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between rainfall and fish catch (P<0.05), while temperature and conductivity were negatively correlated with fish catch (P<0.05 and 0.01 respectively). Transparency was negatively correlated with fish catch but this relationship was, however, not statistically significant (P>0.05). On the other hand, water depth and turbidity were positively correlated with fish catch but again both relationships were not statistically significant (P>0.05). These findings suggest that rainfall, temperature, conductivity and other environmental variables play important role(s) in the distribution and abundance of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus in the Cross River, with implication of climate change impact on the species reproductive ecology and population dynamics.

Influence of Physical Environmental Factors on The Rising Insecurity in Northwestern Nigeria

Northern part of Nigeria has witnessed a widespread security challenges in recent years, in most cases armed conflicts. Boko Haram's insurgency in the Northeast, herdsmen militancy in North-central, while in the Northwest, banditry has become the major security concern. Millions of people have been displaced, some were dead as a result. There are efforts by concerned entities, less attention was given to physical environmental. Environmental psychology has shown that the physical environment is responsible for behavior or crime; therefore, this study identifies the environmental factors that are influencing the increase of insecurity activities in the Northwestern states of Nigeria. Data was collected using focus group discussions, observations, interviews and review of related existing literature. System theory was used to show the interdependence of the factors by identifying and categorizing them into internal and external factors (artificial and natural). The internal factors include; Urbanization and Poor Environmental Design/Planning, Territorial encroachment, Urban poverty among others. While the external factors are; Climate, Topography and Vegetation, Natural resources and etc. The study discusses their effects on increasing insecurity in the region and concluded that both internal and external factors have significant effects on the increasing banditry in Northwestern part of the country and need to be viewed as a system and be treated holistically. Finally made some recommendation on the way forward.

The Influence of Physical Environmental Factors on Older Adults in Residential Care Facilities in Northeast China.

To evaluate the aspects of the objective physical environments of five residential care facilities (RCFs) for older adults and the residents' subjective perceptions of these aspects. The physical environment in RCFs impacts the health and comfort of the residents. However, the design standards for RCFs lack details which can result in insufficient living conditions. Through questionnaire surveys, older adults' satisfaction on the degree of the light, acoustic, and thermal environment in the facilities was obtained. Indoor lighting condition was measured by an illuminance meter in lux, sound pressure level (SPL) with sound level meters in dBA, and temperature in °C with a temperature data logger, and an audiometer was used to test the hearing of the older adults. A total of 480 questionnaires were obtained. Results show that (a) older adults need an appropriate light environment to avoid the negative impact of limited light, (b) poor acoustic environment could affect their mood and health, and (c) when the room temperature is within the range of 20-26 °C (68-78.8 °F), they feel most comfortable. When the appropriate temperature and humidity, balanced illumination, and SPL meet the needs of older adults, it can provide a more comfortable physical environment for them. Examining the interaction between the physical environmental factors that affect older adults in RCFs is important for the design of residential housing and provides more theoretical support for research on the influence of the physical environment on the quality of life of older adults.

Analisis faktor lingkungan terhadap kejadian kecacingan pada murid Sekolah Dasar di Kelurahan Seberang Tembilahan Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

This study aims to analyze the influence of physical environmental factors (clean water facilities, latrine conditions, SPAL conditions, type of house floor, household waste management), economic factors (family income) and social environmental factors (nail hygiene, use of footwear, washing habits hands with soap, bowel habits) against helminthiasis in elementary school students in Seberang Tembilahan Village, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The research location was conducted in Seberang Tembilahan Sub-District, Indragiri Hilir Regency in January to February 2020. The study used a survey method. The analytical method used is univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with Chi Square (Fisher) and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. The results of the study of 72 elementary school students in 4 elementary schools who were examined by laboratory feces, found positive results of worm infestation of 23.61% or 17 students. The final results of the model test showed that although the clean water facilities and toilet conditions were not significant, the two variables influenced each other, it was possible that there was an interaction between the two variables in influencing the incidence of helminthiasis in elementary school students. The variable that most affected the incidence of helminthiasis in elementary school students was the latrine condition with adjusted OR of 4.01 so that respondents whose conditions did not meet the requirements were 4.01 times more likely to experience helminthiasis compared to conditions that were eligible after being controlled by other variables. Simultaneously the two variables (clean water facilities and latrine conditions) can explain the variation of helminthiasis in elementary students by 9.9%.

Assessment of significant for breeding morphological traits in the double haploid population of Brassica rapa L. in controlled conditions of a regulated agroecosystem

Relevance. The genus Brassica includes the most important vegetable, oilseed, spice and forage crops. Many representatives of cabbage are widely used as model objects for studying economically valuable traits. Limited publications devoted to the study of genetic aspects of the implementation of morphological quantitative features of B. rapaand the lack of data on the influence of environmental parameters on their implementation make it a very urgent task to study these features in the RAES. Material and methods.The purpose of this work is to study the influence of environmental light factors on the manifestation of economically valuable features in the mapping populations of B. rapain the RAES. The peculiarity of our research is the study of lines of mapping populations of B. rapa in strictly controlled conditions of the RAES. The studied populations were grown under optimal conditions with a 12-hour photoperiod. 21 DH 30 lines and 31 DH 38 lines were used. Several types of economically valuable traits were studied: the timing of transition to flowering, the growth rate of the plant, the habit and morphological characteristics of the leaf and leaf rosette. Results. A high degree of variation in the expression of the studied traits between lines within the population was revealed, which is consistent with previously published data [1, 2]. Highly productive genotypes, which can be used in further genetic selection work, including for obtaining genotypes, lines, and varieties adapted for growing in light culture, have been selected. The obtained data can also be used for further study of the influence of physical environmental factors on the manifestation of selectively significant quantitative traits in cabbage plants.

Analysis of dental morbidity of persons of an organized team in unfavorable working conditions

The prevalence of diseases of the oral cavity in military personnel serving under the contract at various altitudes above sea level in Dagestan was estimated. The working conditions and the influence of physical environmental factors at the effective temperature in the autumn-winter-spring periods of the year are estimated. Professional activity belonged to the category of works IIb. Labor was assessed as harmful 2 degrees (class 3.2). In the winter season, a critical risk of frostbite of the body at medium temperatures and maximum wind was found at heights of 4 m and 1661 m. In the spring and autumn, a moderate risk of frostbite was noted at all altitudes. Dental diseases were registered in the classes «Neoplasms», «Diseases of the digestive system» and «Injuries and poisoning»; their share in the total structure was 15.03%. In the class «Diseases of the digestive system,» the share of dental diseases reached 80.2%. The group «Caries, its complications and other diseases of hard tissues of teeth» occupied the 1st rank place in the structure of morbidity, which is equal to morbidity in the class «Respiratory diseases». The level of oral hygiene is 2.8 ± 0.2 (very low): the teeth are significantly covered with plaque, leading to the progression of pathological processes. Description of the dental status: KPU index (carious, filled, extracted tooth) is 8.5 ± 0.3. The prevailing indicator was «carious», indicating an active carious process in the tissues of the teeth and the «lag» of the treatment, leading to their removal. Military personnel approached a critical indicator of fitness for professional activity. The need for oral sanitation reached 65.5 ± 7.9%. The share of labor losses for dental diseases of the class «Digestive apparatus diseases» reached 3.2%, excluding separation from duty on the day of treatment, of which there are several. The study proves the impact of adverse working conditions on dental morbidity, the need for their assessment to identify risk factors and develop preventive measures.

The Case of Leprosy in Work Area of Talango Health Center in Sumenep Regency: Case Control Study

Introduction: Leprosy was caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection which attacks the peripheral nerves and human skin. A total of 39 cases of leprosy occurred in 2018 at the Talango Health Center and became the highest prevalence in Sumenep Regency each year. Multibacillary leprosy dominates in 76.92% of cases. This study aims to analyze the influence of physical environment factors of the home namely temperature, humidity, ventilation, occupancy density, natural lighting, wall types, and floor types on the incidence of leprosy in Talango Health Center. Method: This type of research was observational analytic with a case-control research design. The respondent chosen was 25 cases and 25 controls, taken using simple random sampling. Data were collected through observation sheets which included measurements of temperature, humidity, ventilation, occupancy density, natural lighting observations, types of walls and floors. Data analysis using a chi-square test. Result and Discussion: The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation of ventilation variables (p = 0,03) and natural lighting (p = 0,04), whereas in the temperature (p = 1,00), humidity (p = 0,48), occupancy density (p = 1,00), wall type (p = 1,00), and floor type (p = 1,00) found no significant correlation. The physical environment of the house has not received special attention from the local community. As long as they were still comfortable living with these conditions there was no need to take any action. Conclusion: The community needs to be increased awareness by counseling and increasing knowledge of the dangers of the physical environment of the house that were not properly maintained at minimum health standards.

Effects of environmental variability on abundance of commercial marine species in the northern Gulf of California

Studies have shown that environmental variables significantly affect variation in stock abundance of marine populations. The northern Gulf of California (NGC) is a highly productive region of interest due to its fish resources and diversity. Conservation of the marine species inhabiting the region is of public interest. Our study analysed the influence of physical environmental factors on several commercial marine species, using catch per unit effort (CPUE) as a proxy for abundance. Generalized additive models were used to test the significance of selected environmental variables on stock abundance. Deseasonalized cross-correlation analysis was used to examine time-lagged correlations between CPUE and abiotic variables to identify response timings. The results suggest that for most commercial species the sea surface temperature and the long-term climate Pacific Decadal Oscillation index are the predominant predictors for species abundance, followed by the Colorado River discharge. The Multivariate ENSO Index and the Pacific-North American pattern indices also showed specific effects on certain species. The NGC is a highly dynamic region, where species respond to environmental changes according to the characteristics of their life histories.

Ultrafine Particles Measurement in Printing Industry Across West Malaysia

Ultrafine particles (UFPs) emission generated from devices such as printer and photocopy machines are known as potential risks to human health. However, limited information is available to study UFPs exposure generate from larger printer. Thus, this study aimed to determine the concentration of UFPs such as particle number (PN) and lung deposited surface area (LDSA) and investigates the influence of physical environment factors on UFPs in two types of offset lithographic printing rooms such as monochrome and color, across West Malaysia. The measurements of PN and LDSA were taken by using a condensation particle counter and the diffusion charger dosimeter during the printing activities. The mean values for PN and LDSA are 22215 particles/cm3 and 43 µm2/cm3, respectively. The exposure of UFPs from the monochrome room was found to be significantly higher than the color room (p &lt; 0.001 for PN; p &lt; 0.001 for LDSA) due to variation in the ventilation system. Based on correlation analysis, the physical environment factors, such as relative humidity, temperature, and air movement, were observed to influence the UFPs concentrations in printing room. The findings imply that a good selection of the ventilation system is important to minimize worker’s exposure to UFPs emission.

Application of Remote Sensing and GIS for Malaria Disease Susceptibility Area Mapping in Padang Cermin Sub-District, District of Pesawaran, Lampung Province

Malaria is epidemiologically a specific local infectious disease and can be studied spatially by taking into account the characteristics of malaria vector habitat. Padang Cermin Sub-District, District of Pesawaran, Lampung Province is one of the endemic areas of malaria which is geographically a coastal area dominated by water-flooded land use. That area supports the breeding and living place of Anopheles sp mosquitoes. The objectives of this study were mapping the malaria disease susceptibility area in Padang Cermin sub-district by using Landsat 8 imagery, identified the influence of physical environmental factors on the spread of malaria disease, and analyzed the spread of malaria disease based on environmental factors. The research method used scoring and overlay spatial analysis of spatial parameters supporting the breeding of malaria vector. Some parameters that can be extracted through Landsat 8 imagery for identification of malaria susceptibility, i.e. land use, soil texture, vegetation density with overall mapping accuracy of vegetation density, land use, and soil texture are 83.2%, 88.7%, and 83.7%, while other parameters resulted from spatial analysis of non-remote sensing data, i.e. temperature, rainfall, slope, altitude, and distance to river. These parameters are environmental factors that influence the spread of malaria disease. The results of the identification of malaria susceptibility showed that the areas with high levels of susceptibility are Sidodadi, Sukajaya Lempasing, Gebang, Padang Cermin, Hanau Berak, Way Urang, Tambangan, Hanura, Banjaran and Sanggi Village. This study showed that areas which are located on the coast are prone to malaria disease.

Using GIS and remote sensing to explore the influence of physical environmental factors and historical land use on bushland structure

AbstractBushland is a vegetation type with a dense cover of woody plants of low stature and a grass understory. We explored the influence of environmental factors (precipitation, topography, geology, hydrology and waterhole density) and historical land use in the Tsavo ecosystem bushland. We mapped vegetation patterns in the region using remote sensing, GIS and field data and tested relationships with physical factors. We used regression analysis to explore the interaction of physical factors and human influence by including a protected and a nonprotected area, representing contrasting historical land use policies, as factors in the regression model. Bushland vegetation had the largest proportion in the region as a whole, but its proportion was notably greater in the nonprotected area. Precipitation, elevation, geology and historical land use were significant predictors of vegetation patterns in the regression models. Higher precipitation and elevation make woody plants superior competitors over grasses, resulting in predominance of bushland in such areas. Geologically, marine deposits result in shallow calcareous soils that favour grasses over trees, hence, absence of bushland. Wildlife management policies such as providing water for wildlife, protective boundaries and controlling wildfires influence distribution of wildlife and result in conditions that prevent regeneration and recruitment of trees.

The influence of physical environmental factors of Bima stilt house on pulmonary tuberculosis of Acid Fast Bacillii positive in Bima, Province of West Nusa Tenggara

Physical environment factors of stilt houses affecting incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the district of Bima, West Nusa TenggaraPurposeThis research aimed to determine factors in the physical environment of typical houses on stilts affecting the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis acid fast bacilli positive in the district of Bima, West Nusa Tenggara. MethodsThis study used a matched case control design to examine the relationship between specific effects with certain risk factors. There were 76 total respondents, with 38 in the case group and 38 in the control group. ResultsBivariate analysis showed that residential density (p=0.001; OR= 5.7), lighting in bedroom (p=0.029; OR=32), nutritional status (p=0.029; OR=3.2) were statistically associated with the incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis at typical stilt houses in Bima. The most dominant risk factor in the incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in typical Bima stilts houses was the residential density.ConclusionResidential density, natural lighting in bedrooms were not risk factors, while malnutrition status increased the probability for prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis acid fast bacilli positive in houses on stilts typical in the district of Bima.

Older adults’ transportation walking: a cross-sectional study on the cumulative influence of physical environmental factors

BackgroundThe physical environment may play a crucial role in promoting older adults’ walking for transportation. However, previous studies on relationships between the physical environment and older adults’ physical activity behaviors have reported inconsistent findings. A possible explanation for these inconsistencies is the focus upon studying environmental factors separately rather than simultaneously. The current study aimed to investigate the cumulative influence of perceived favorable environmental factors on older adults’ walking for transportation. Additionally, the moderating effect of perceived distance to destinations on this relationship was studied.MethodsThe sample was comprised of 50,685 non-institutionalized older adults residing in Flanders (Belgium). Cross-sectional data on demographics, environmental perceptions and frequency of walking for transportation were collected by self-administered questionnaires in the period 2004-2010. Perceived distance to destinations was categorized into short, medium, and large distance to destinations. An environmental index (=a sum of favorable environmental factors, ranging from 0 to 7) was constructed to investigate the cumulative influence of favorable environmental factors. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to predict probabilities of daily walking for transportation.ResultsFor short distance to destinations, probability of daily walking for transportation was significantly higher when seven compared to three, four or five favorable environmental factors were present. For medium distance to destinations, probabilities significantly increased for an increase from zero to four favorable environmental factors. For large distance to destinations, no relationship between the environmental index and walking for transportation was observed.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the presence of multiple favorable environmental factors can motivate older adults to walk medium distances to facilities. Future research should focus upon the relationship between older adults’ physical activity and multiple environmental factors simultaneously instead of separately.

Influence of physical environmental factors on the composition and horizontal distribution of summer larval fish assemblages off Mallorca island (Balearic archipelago, western Mediterranean)

Two ichthyoplankton surveys were carried out in two areas off Mallorca island (Balearic archipelago, western Mediterranean) in June 1996 and August 1996, respectively. The aim of both surveys was to assess the influence of physical environmental factors on the horizontal distribution of larval fish assemblages, focusing on larvae of large migratory pelagic fish species. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that in the June survey, the patterns of horizontal distribution offish larvae were mainly conditioned by depth and by the distribution of two surface water masses: the Modified Atlantic Waters (MA W), of recent Atlantic origin, and the older Surface Mediterranean Waters (SMW). The effect of depth gradient was clear in mesopelagic and neritic species, but it was not so evident in the larvae of large pelagic species which presented a highly patchy distribution. Contrastingly, the August patterns of horizontal fish larvae distribution were significantly correlated with the surface salinity gradient resulting from successive MAW inflows, whereas depth did not show any significant effect, probably linked to the bottom topography with a very narrow shelf area. The data obtained highlight that the Balearic Islands constitute an important spawning ground for most of the large pelagic fishes inhabiting Mediterranean waters, both highly migratory and resident species.