Influence Of Personal Factors Research Articles

Why do Mandarin speakers code-switch? A case study of conversational code-switching in China

Multilingualism is becoming increasingly common worldwide, with multilingual studies becoming more popular and accelerating interpersonal language contacts; however, it remains controversial and ambiguous in China. The current study aims to explore code-switching (CS) patterns and factors among Mandarin-dominated mainland Chinese speakers and investigate multilingual development in China through CS, as it is a multilingual practice. Conversational analysis was conducted to analyse daily interactions in short videos posted online, categorise language varieties and frequencies, identify CS patterns, and examine the factors influencing CS patterns. The results revealed that foreign languages and dialects other than Mandarin were spoken by Mandarin-dominated speakers. Three of four CS patterns were also pinpointed regarding language practices in China. Insertion was the most predominant pattern, followed by backflagging and alternation. The CS patterns employed by Mandarin-dominated mainland Chinese speakers were influenced primarily by participant-related factors, followed by linguistic-related factors, sociopsychological factors, convenience, and situational factors. The prevalence of the insertional CS pattern and the influence of personal factors suggest that China’s Mandarin-speaking community is in an early phase of multilingual development.

Uncovering the factors underlying collaboration outcomes in interprofessional education: A preliminary investigation involving healthcare students

BackgroundInterprofessional education (IPE) incorporates healthcare students from various disciplines to learn with, about, and from one another, aiming to foster effective collaboration. However, the factors that promote these collaboration outcomes remain elusive. Recognizing this knowledge gap, this study utilizes self-determination theory applied in a ten-day IPE programme. The study aims are twofold: to clarify the potential influence of personal factors (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and environmental factors (clear goals and technology support) on collaboration outcomes (team goal achievement and team effectiveness) and to examine the effect of the IPE on these outcomes. MethodologyThe study utilized an IPE programme that integrated asynchronous and synchronous learning methods across two institutions in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. This involved 147 students from diverse healthcare disciplines who were enrolled in the IPE programme. A pre- and post-test design was employed to examine programme effects. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing these outcomes, while paired samples t-tests were used to evaluate the effect of the IPE programme on collaboration outcomes. ResultsAmong the personal factors, a sense of relatedness emerged as an important predictor of team effectiveness and goal achievement. Clear goals and technology support positively influenced collaboration outcomes. A paired samples t-test indicated significant improvements in collaboration outcomes after the IPE simulation. ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of designing a large IPE programme that meets basic psychological needs (especially the sense of relatedness) and provides clear goals and adequate technology support in the IPE context. This study is helpful to understand how personal and environmental factors promote the collaboration outcomes in medical education and provide insights for future IPE curriculum development.

Examining influences of personal factors on the first- and third-person evaluations of public health issues among young adults

Both health and the environment are critical public health issues that have a considerable impact on young adults. However, they have different characteristics that influence how messaging is received. In our study, we examine the influence of three personal factors (issue involvement, behavioral change intention, and product use) on young adults’ perception of messages for these two public health issues from both first- and third-person perspectives. We found various patterns when comparing the two public health issues, first-person and third-person measures, and the perceived threat and likelihood of contributing to the issues. We also discuss practical implications and suggestions based on our findings.

The influence of personal factors on resistance to technology adoption in university libraries in Bangladesh

This research explores the impact of personal factors on resistance to technology adoption in university libraries in Bangladesh, particularly among LIS (Library and Information Science) professionals. The study aims to reveal specific challenges and opportunities influencing attitudes toward technology integration, offering a nuanced understanding of resistance factors in this unique cultural and educational context. Through a qualitative case study with 21 LIS professionals from seven university libraries, conducted via semi-structured interviews guided by a questionnaire, recurring themes such as fear of job displacement, perceived technological self-efficacy, and concerns about disruptions to workflows emerge. Fear of job displacement refers to professionals’ apprehension about potential job loss due to technological advancements, while perceived technological self-efficacy reflects individuals’ confidence in using and adapting to new technologies. Concerns about disruptions to workflows highlight worries regarding the impact of technology implementation on existing work processes. Despite challenges, participants acknowledge potential benefits, emphasizing improved services. The study advocates for crucial strategies like comprehensive training programs and inclusive decision-making processes to alleviate resistance. This research provides a focused exploration, original insights, and practical value for advancing technology adoption in university libraries in Bangladesh, contributing to a deeper comprehension of complexities in technology integration within academic institutions.

Assessment of personality factors amongst alcoholics and non-alcoholics in rural part of Central India: A cross-sectional study

Background Consuming alcohol has a significant negative impact on an individual’s mental, physical, and overall health in India. Recent data from the World Health Organization reveals that alcohol consumption is a leading cause of numerous fatalities. Some individuals may turn to alcohol as a way to cope with grief and anxiety; however, it diminishes the brain’s serotonin levels, potentially leading to suicidal thoughts and changes in personality. Consequently, there is an immediate need for health education and awareness campaigns addressing the consequences of alcohol use. This research aims to assess and compare the influence of personality factors on individuals who are alcohol-dependent and those who abstain from alcohol, exploring their role in the development of alcohol-related disorders in rural areas. Methods This in-hospital cross-sectional study is conducted among adults aged 18 to 65 in the rural region of central India. Employing a non-probability sampling method, specifically the Daniel Formula, a sample size of 180 was determined from the accessible population. The research has received approval from the ethics committee. In both the inpatient and outpatient departments of the Psychiatry unit at the hospital, individuals diagnosed with alcoholism and their non-alcoholic counterparts will be approached. Prior to providing socio-demographic information and completing questionnaires on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), CAGE Questionnaire, and Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF), informed consent will be obtained from the participants. Expected outcome Upon obtaining responses to the aforementioned questionnaires, we will be able to analyze and determine the correlation of personality factors between individuals who are alcohol-dependent and those who abstain from alcohol.

Influence of Personal Factors on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by restriction of airflow in airways. Smoking is a major risk factor for disease. Other factors are air pollution from fuels, industrial dust, chemical agents and genetic causes. Main symptoms are shortness of breath, chronic cough with or without sputum and rapid fatigue. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease /COPD/ is a source of stress and anxiety, due to severity of disease, need for long-term treatment and detachment from social life. Study cohort consisted of 124 patients with a diagnosis of COPD and a control group of 162 without lung disease. Persons studied are over 18 years of age, of different sexes, of Bulgarian ethnic origin and different family and social status. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a disease of increasing social importance and, according to forecast of WHO, by 2030 it is expected to become third leading cause of death in world. Aim of pilot study was to determine influence of some personal risk factors (anxiety and type D personality in dimensions: "negative affectivity" and "social inhibition") on quality of life and social adaptation of patients with COPD.

Quantitative profiling and baseline intervals of trace elements in healthy lung tissues

BackgroundHuman lung tissue, as an interface with the environment, is susceptible to various environmental pollutants, including trace metals. However, quantitative data on trace metals in human lung tissues remain poorly described. MethodsThis study aimed to characterize the elemental composition of histologically healthy, unaffected parts of human lung tissues, associated with non-infective, non-infiltrative, and non-malignant diseases (n = 60) for essential (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, and Se) and toxic trace elements (Sr, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb). Additionally, we investigated the influence of personal factors (sex, age, and smoking habits) on the examined trace element profiles, as well as between the trace elements correlations in the healthy human lungs. ResultsAmong the analyzed trace elements, Fe was the most prevalent, while As was the least prevalent in healthy lung tissues. Stratifying by age revealed significantly higher Cr and Co (less Sr, Ni, and Pb) and lower Se levels in older individuals (above 65 years) compared to their younger counterparts. Sex-based differences were also notable, with Cu and Co 1.2- and 2.3-fold higher levels in females than in males. Exploring the impact of smoking habits revealed a striking 10-fold increase in Cd levels in the lung tissues of smokers compared to non-smokers. Correlation analyses showed significant positive associations between concentrations of certain toxic and essential trace elements in healthy lung tissues. ConclusionsThis study could contribute to the establishment of baseline intervals for essential and toxic trace elements, valuable for toxicological and clinical assessment, in healthy, unaffected human lungs, and indicates the influence of sex, age, and smoking. However, further larger-scale studies are needed to make more stable conclusions.

Factor Determining Consumers’ Decisions to Purchase Topical Analgesic for Musculoskeletal Disorders in Indonesia

Background: Various choices of topical analgesic to treat musculoskeletal disorders are available on the marketObjectives: This study aims to determine the influence of psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors on purchasing decisions for topical analgesic drugs among consumers who need medication for musculoskeletal disordersMethods: This is cross-sectional quantitative research with an inferential statistics analysis approach. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect data during January 2023 using a questionnaire that was distributed online with a Likert scale via Google Form. A total of 318 respondents from 30 provinces in Indonesia who purchased topical analgesic drugs with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders and aged 18-60 years participated in this study. The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the relationship of psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors associated with purchasing decisionsResults: The study showed that the majority of respondents were male (50.6%), domiciled in Central Java (20.1%), aged 21-25 years (29.9%), worked as private employees (37.1%) with a working duration of 6-8 hours (59.4%), and had an income of IDR 2,500,000-3,499,000/month (40.6%). The product most frequently purchased was the cream dosage form (60.1%), with locations in pharmacies (74.5%). The results of partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing show that psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors have a significant positive influence (p < 0.05) on the decision to purchase topical analgesic drugs among consumers who need medication for musculoskeletal disordersConclusion: Given that psychological, cultural, social and personal factors influence decisions, it is recommended that marketers understand these factors.

Influence of personality on self-efficacy of work and supervision of children's schooling during COVID-19

This study evaluated the influence of personality factors and traits on the sense of self-efficacy in the combination of roles (work and supervision of children's school activities) in the context of COVID-19 in a representative sample of Ecuadorian adults of both sexes (n=400). Personality traits were assessed using Cattell's 16-PF personality test, and self-efficacy was measured using an adaptation of the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The results show that the five main personality factors of the 16-PF significantly predict self-efficacy and influence its variability by 12.7%. The factors Anxiety, Independence, and Toughness are the strongest predictors of self-efficacy. It was also found that the 16 personality traits assessed by the 16-PF questionnaire can predict 16.9% of self-efficacy. The most predictive traits were Stability, Openness to Change, Dominance, Privacy, and liveliness. These results suggest that individual personality differences allow individuals to better adapt to the various demands in a complicated environment such as COVID-19. These findings can be used to understand and support individuals when faced with complex environmental demands.

The Influence of Personality Traits on Ethical Behavior of Police: The Mediating Effect of Ethical Leadership

Unethical behavior by police officers continues to garner a lot of attention. Engagement in such conduct will tarnish police reputation as law enforcers who are responsible to protect the welfare of society. Hence, fostering ethical behavior among police officers should be encouraged. However, there is a dearth of in-depth knowledge in existing literature, providing a sufficient explanation contributing to the ethical behavior of police officers. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of the reciprocal relationship between personal factors and environmental factors on behavioral outcomes. By employing the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as an underpinning theory, this present study intends to examine the influences of personal factors, namely personality traits, on the ethical behavior of the police. This study also introduces ethical leadership as a mediating variable to fill the knowledge gap in the existing literature.

Analysis of The Influence of Personal Factors and The Quality of Health Facilities Services and The Quality of Insurance Services on The Intention to Pay Health Insurance Contributions With Participant Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable

Willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions in a timely and continuous manner is very necessary to ensure the sustainability of the JKN program. Personal factors, quality of health facility services, quality of insurance services and customer satisfaction are important factors that influence JKN participants to pay BPJS Health contributions. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of personal factors and the quality of health facility services as well as the quality of insurance services on the intention to pay health insurance contributions with participant satisfaction as an intervening variable. This research used a purposive sampling method for 286 BPJS Health participants. This research uses an SEM approach using the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The research results show that the quality of insurance services and the quality of health facilities services have a positive and significant effect on participant satisfaction. Apart from that, personal factors also have a positive and significant effect on participant satisfaction. In the context of intention to pay contributions, insurance service quality, service quality and personal factors have a positive and significant influence. The suggestion from this research is to expand the sampling population and types of health facilities to gain broader insight. The managerial implication is that BPJS Health must maintain and improve the quality of services provided to participants, both health facility services and BPJS insurance services themselves. Personal factors of BPJS participants need to be considered, so that they can influence satisfaction and intention to pay contributions consistently

Influences of social environment on farmers’ behavioural to practice an agricultural technology, screenhouse: An application of social cognitive theory

Climate change has a high impact on the agricultural sector, especially horticulture farming which aims to increase the welfare of farmers. Screenhouse technology can be a solution to increase the productivity and quality of agricultural products. This study is aimed to analyse the behaviour of farmers in imitating the model of applying the screen house for horticultural crop cultivation (decorative plants and vegetables) and to analyse the factors that influence farmer behaviour in imitating the model of applying the screen house for the cultivation of horticultural crops (decorative plants and vegetables). This study used the Social Cognitive theory by Albert Bandura. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach to the survey method. Data were taken through interviews using a questionnaire to 70 farmers who already knew or did not know screenhouse technology and were analysed using Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that the influence of personal factors on the behaviour of applying screen house technology was 0.572, the influence of environmental factors on farmer behaviour was 0.255, personal factors had an influence on environmental factors by 0.595, and personal factors were mediated by environmental factors on farmer behaviour by 0.152. This study concluded that there was a real influence between personal factors on environmental factors, personal factors on farmer behaviour, environmental factors on farmer behaviour, and personal factors on farmer behaviour mediated by environmental factors.

Subjective mental workload in Spanish emergency nurses. A study on predictive factors

Introduction: Mental workload refers to the cognitive or intellectual requirements that a worker is subjected to in a workday. The objective of the present work was to discover the subjective mental workload of nursing staff at Hospital Emergency Units, and its relationship with sociodemographic, work, environmental factors at the workplace, and personality variables. Method: A quantitative, descriptive, observational, and crosssectional study was conducted with 201 emergency nurses from 13 different provinces in Spain. Each participant completed 5 questionnaires (sociodemographic, work conditions, environmental conditions, personality, and subjective mental workload). Descriptive statistics were obtained, and Pearson’s correlations and multivariate models (multiple linear regression) were performed. Results: The nurses had medium to high levels of mental workload. The environmental conditions had a direct relationship with the mental workload, especially with respect to noise and lighting. The participants obtained high scores in kindness, responsibility, openness/intellect, and extraversion. Positive and statistically significant relations were found between neuroticism and mental workload. Being female, older, and having stable employment or a permanent contract were associated with a greater mental workload of emergency nurses. Conclusion: The domain of neuroticism personality, and the hygienic conditions in the workplace were the predictors with the most weight in the model. This study could be useful for defining aspects that need to be considered for the well-being of emergency nurses, such as lighting conditions or environmental noise in the workplace. It also invites reflection on the influence of personal factors (age, gender, personality) and work factors (type of contract, professional experience) on the mental workload of emergency nurses.

Pengaruh Faktor Budaya, Faktor Sosial Dan Faktor Pribadi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Jasa Pada PT. Telkom Kota Metro

In line with the rapid economic growth of Indonesia, the demand for telecommunicationsservices is also increasing, so that PT Telkom Indonesia must be able to serve the needs ofthe community by increasing the number of connection units and the quality oftelecommunication facilities. This improvement effort has been carried out by implementingPT Telkom's policies, namely, the best service, the best image and the best results. All aredirected to customer satisfaction of PT Telkom service users. This study aims to determine 1)To determine whether cultural factors influence purchasing decisions. 2) To find out whetherthere is an influence of social factors on purchasing decisions. 3) To find out whether there isan influence of personal factors on purchasing decisions. 4) To find out whether there is aninfluence of cultural factors, cultural factors, personal factors, social factors together onpurchasing decisions. The survey method was chosen as the primary data source. The surveymethod focuses on collecting data from respondents who have certain information, thus enabling researchers to solve problems. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaireor questionnaire instrument. Based on the estimated time and limitations, the population inthis study were all wifi users from Telkom Indonesia on metrp. then the population is takenbased on the largest number of buyers in a year in 2020, which is as many as 133 buyers. Theresults show that 1) there is a positive and significant influence between cultural factors onpurchasing decisions 2) there is a positive and significant influence between social factors onpurchasing decisions. 3) there is a positive and significant influence between personal factorson purchasing decisions 4) there is a positive and significant influence between personalfactors on purchasing decisions. positive and significant influence between cultural factors,personal factors, social factors on purchasing decisions.

Early recognition of entrepreneurial traits and intentions: a comparative study on university students in Australia and Japan

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of entrepreneurial traits on entrepreneurial intentions, while exploring the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. An online structured questionnaire (facilitated by Qualtrics tool) via the Facebook platform was used to collect data from university students in Australia and Japan. We applied bootstrapping and algorithms performed on Smart-PLS software to test the study’s developed hypotheses. The findings suggest risk-taking propensity affects Australian and Japanese students’ entrepreneurial alertness the greatest. However, Japanese students’ need for achievement has a considerable influence on entrepreneurial alertness and an indirect effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Japanese students’ self-efficacy has little influence on entrepreneurial awareness or intentions, but Australian students do. Overall, Japanese student personality factors affect more to entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial intentions. The research findings are original and unique and are based on established models and theories from the literature on entrepreneurship. The results are based on a sample of Australian and Japanese institutions owing to the Australia–Japan friendship, common strategy, and economic interests. Respondents are from six Australian and Japanese institutions. Educational institutions, academics, and policymakers may leverage the study results for entrepreneurial success. Future research should reflect this study’s limitations. The researcher did not study the direct impact of personality factors on entrepreneurial inclinations. Future studies should explore the influence of personality factors on entrepreneurial inclinations. Future research may conduct a similar study in other countries.

Psychological factors predicting the likelihood of youth entrepreneurship in Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Entrepreneurship is a critical strategic instrument for any country’s overall social and economic sustainable growth. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to address the psychological characteristics that predict the likelihood of youth considering entrepreneurship in Ethiopia. METHODS: To achieve this objective, this study used a quantitative research approach and an explanatory research design. The study’s target group was 9850 entrepreneurs who are currently engaged in a variety of entrepreneurial activities. Using a multistage sampling technique, the researchers selected 385 respondents as a sample size out of the target population. RESULTS: This study used a survey questionnaire as a tool for data collection and applied binary logistic regression analysis for the data analysis. The study found that psychological traits factors, such as the need for achievement, need for independence, locus of control, and risk-taking prosperity variables, are significant in predicting the likelihood of youth considering entrepreneurship as an attractive life venture. CONCLUSIONS: By looking at the influence of personality factors on entrepreneurial intentions, this study adds to the current body of knowledge in entrepreneurship research. The study contributes to policymakers and other stakeholders to support micro and small enterprises. Furthermore, owners and practitioners can utilize the findings of this study as a guide.

Influence of Personal Factors on Health-Promoting Behavior in College Students: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.

This study aimed to determine how personal factors influence health-promoting behavior in university students using a structural equation modeling approach guided by the Health Promotion Model. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. The study included 763 health science students from four universities in Cali, Colombia, who answered a questionnaire on personal factors and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Spanish version, which was validated in the study population. The direct and indirect relationships between personal factors and health-promoting behaviors were assessed using structural equation modeling. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. A significant relationship was noted between the biological and psychological personal factors of the measurement model (p < 0.05). Psychological personal factors (self-esteem and perceived health status) positively influence health promoting behavior in university students (Hypothesis 2). It's not possible to demonstrate that health promoting behavior is positively influenced by personal biological factors (Hypothesis 1) and by personal sociocultural factors (Hypothesis 3). There is a need for interventions that help improve the health-promoting lifestyle profile and are focused on enhancing the self-esteem and perceived health status of university students.

ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN LAPTOP

The goal to be achieved in this study is to determine the factors that influence consumer behavior on laptop purchasing decisions for Bina Darma University Palembang students. The variables examined in this study are cultural factors, social factors, personal factors, and psychological factors. This type of research uses quantitative methods. Data processing uses SPSS (software package f for t the social science). This study uses hypotheses tests, namely the objective test and the f test as a tool to find out whether cultural factors, social factors, personality factors, and psychological factors influence or do not influence purchasing decisions either partially or simultaneously. Based on the results of the study, t shows that partially cultural factors t counts (2.131) &gt; | t table (1,985)| This shows that there is a significant influence of cultural factors on purchasing decisions and the P value is 0.036 &lt; 0.05. social factors partially t count (2,677) &gt; | t table (1,985)| so this shows that there is a significant influence of social factors on purchasing decisions and the P value is 0.009 &lt; 0.05. personality factor partially t count (2,526) &gt; | t table (1,985)| This shows that the significant influence of personality factors on purchasing decisions and p-value 0.013 &lt; 0.05. Psychological factors partially t count (6.711) &gt; | t table (1,985)| se so that this shows that there is a significant influence of psychological factors on purchasing decisions and the value of the p value is 0.000 &lt; 0.05. Simultaneously, the results of the analysis show that the value of F counts (117,659) &gt; | F table (5,666)| is so that the hypothesis is accepted and the value of the P value is 0.000 &lt; 0.05 is so that cultural, social, personality, and psychological simultaneously have a significant effect on purchasing decisions.

Unleashing the potential of agricultural extension workers in Luwu Regency, Indonesia: an analysis of the role of personal factors, motivation, and competence in enhancing performance

As agricultural development agents, agricultural extension workers play an essential role in empowering farmers. Improving the quality of extension workers is necessary to ensure that their performance is beneficial, especially for assisted farmers. This study aimed to analyze the influence of personal factors, motivation, and competence on the performance of agricultural extension workers in the Luwu Regency. The research employed quantitative methods with a survey approach. The study was conducted in six districts of Luwu Regency, including Belopa, Suli, Bajo, Kamanre, West Bajo, and Latimojong, from October to November 2022. A census technique was used to sample all populations, resulting in a sample of 53 agricultural extension workers. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires containing questions about research changes. The results revealed that agricultural extension workers in Luwu Regency were generally young and possessed high competence, which was dominated by the motivation for the need for power. The motivational factor of extension workers in Luwu Regency was a dominant aspect that significantly influenced the performance of extension workers. Meanwhile, the competence factor of agricultural extension workers, reflected by intellectual and social competence, had a real effect on the performance of extension workers, especially in evaluating agricultural extension.

Exploring the influence of personal factors on physiological responses to mental imagery in sport

Imagery is a well-known technique in mental training which improves performance efficiency and influences physiological arousal. One of the biomarkers indicating the amount of physiological arousal is skin conductance level (SCL). The aim of our study is to understand how individual differences in personality (e.g. neuroticism), general imagery and situational sport anxiety are linked to arousal measuring with SCL in situational imagery. Thirty participants aged between 14 and 42 years (M = 22.93; SD = 5.24), with sport experience ranging between 2 and 20 years (M = 10.15; SD = 4.75), took part in our study. Participants listened to each previously recorded script and then were asked to imagine the scene for a minute. During the task SCL was monitored using the Biofeedback Expert 2000. Machine learning predictive models based on artificial neural networks have been trained for prediction of physiological response, as a function of selected psychological tests. We found an association among neuroticism, prestart anxiety, and general tendency to use imagery with SCL. From a practical point of view our results may help athletes, coaches, and psychologists to be more aware of the role of individual differences in sport.