Influence Of Oxygen Therapy Research Articles

CHANGES IN OXYGENATION IN CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY FAILURE

Acute respiratory failure is a component of the multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and a common cause of death among the children treated in intensive care units. Readiness to wean a patient from a mechanical ventilation is determined by a set of indices, including the data on the level of hypoxemia and its ability to regress under the influence of oxygen therapy. The indices such as the paO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 ratios are valid for determining the severity of hypoxemia. In order to study the dynamics of changes in SpO2/FiO2, paO2/FiO2, oxygenation index and the one of frequent shallow breathing in the children with acute respiratory failure as well as to substantiate the criteria for their readiness to wean from pulmonary ventilation, a prospective, observational cohort investigation in patients aged from 1 month to 18 years was performed. The patients of group I received pulmonary−protective strategy of mechanical lung ventilation, II − in addition to it received the diaphragm−protective strategy. The ratios of SpO2/FiO2 and paO2/FiO2, oxygenation index and frequent shallow respiration index were calculated. Weaning was considered successful if the patient did not require a respiratory therapy after extubation for the next 48 hours. The primary endpoint of the assessment was the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation, the secondary ones were the SpO2 / FiO2, paO2 / FiO2, oxygenation index, the one of frequent shallow breathing. Significant differences in SpO2 / FiO2 and paO2 / FiO2 indices were found on days 5 and 9 of the study. It was found that at paO2 / FiO2 values less than 200 and SpO2 / FiO2 less than 265 the prognosis of weaning is unfavorable. Key words: children, oxygenation, mechanical ventilation.

The Effect of Oxygen Therapy With Nasal Cannula to Oxygen Saturation Through Oximetry Examination For Patients With Heart Failure At Emergency Departmemt of RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin 2018

Background: Heart Failureis a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years the incidence of HF has increased and the risk of heart failure is increasing all the time.
 Purpose: To find outthe effect of oxygen therapy by nasal cannula to the oxygen saturation through the examination oximetry in patients with HF in the ER Hospital Ulin Banjarmasin.
 Method: The study design with pre-experimental design to design one group pretest-posttest design, hearth Failure population all patients with shortness of breath in the emergency room, the study sample using accidental sampling technique. Istrumen using observation sheets, examination using pulse oximetry using univariate and bivariate analysis by paired T-test.
 Results: The average oxygen saturation before treatment is given after 88.87% and 95.96% obtained by the treatment, an increase in oxygen saturation. There is the influence of oxygen therapy by nasal cannula to the oxygen saturation through the examination oximetry in patients with HF obtained valueρ value= 0,000 ≤ α = 0.05
 Conclusion: By giving oxygen therapy, it can increase saturation oxygen for patients with heart failure

Decreased plasma sRAGE levels in COPD: influence of oxygen therapy

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. N(ε) -(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), an advanced glycation end product (AGE) and the soluble decoy receptor, sRAGE, are exciting new molecules linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. Here the levels of plasma sRAGE and CML were determined and their variation in relation to lung function, external long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) and plasma levels of inflammatory molecules in COPD evaluated. Plasma sRAGE and CML levels were measured by ELISA in 146 patients with stable COPD and 81 healthy subjects, subgrouped from a larger case-control study and matched for age, gender and pack-years smoked. Decreased levels of plasma sRAGE and no significant difference in levels of plasma CML were found in patients with COPD in comparison with controls. In the total group, plasma sRAGE was positively associated with FEV(1) and forced vital capacity and negatively with pack-years smoked. In patients receiving LTOT, levels of plasma sRAGE were lower compared with those without LTOT. Only in controls, a weak correlation was found between plasma sRAGE and CML. sRAGE did not correlate with measured inflammatory markers, whereas CML was negatively correlated with fibrinogen. Plasma sRAGE levels are lower in patients with COPD compared with healthy control subjects, and even lower levels in patients receiving LTOT. Because sRAGE correlated with lung function only in the whole group, sRAGE can be considered a marker of COPD, but not of disease severity. A lack of clear association between sRAGE, CML and systemic inflammation is furthermore evident.

Influence of oxygen therapy on glucose-lactate metabolism after diffuse brain injury.

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) imposes a huge metabolic load on brain tissue, which can be summarized initially as a state of hypermetabolism and hyperglycolysis. In experiments O2 consumption has been shown to increase early after trauma, especially in the presence of high lactate levels and forced O2 availability. In recent clinical studies the effect of increasing O2 availability on brain metabolism has been analyzed. By their nature, however, clinical trauma models suffer from a heterogeneous injury distribution. The aim of this study was to analyze, in a standardized diffuse brain injury model, the effect of increasing the fraction of inspired O2 on brain glucose and lactate levels, and to compare this effect with the metabolism of the noninjured sham-operated brain. A diffuse severe TBI model developed by Foda and Maramarou, et al., in which a 420-g weight is dropped from a height of 2 m was used in this study. Forty-one male Wistar rats each weighing approximately 300 g were included. Anesthesized rats were monitored by placing a femoral arterial line for blood pressure and blood was drawn for a blood gas analysis. Two time periods were defined: Period A was defined as preinjury and Period B as postinjury. During Period B two levels of fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) were studied: air (FiO2 0.21) and oxygen (FiO2 1). Four groups were studied including sham-operated animals: air-air-sham (AAS); air-O2-sham (AOS); air-air-trauma (AAT); and air-O2-trauma (AOT). In six rats the effect of increasing the FiO2 on serum glucose and lactate was analyzed. During Period B lactate values in the brain determined using microdialysis were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the AOT group than in the AAT group and glucose values in the brain determined using microdialysis were significantly higher (p < 0.04). No differences were demonstrated in the other groups. Increasing the FiO2 had no significant effect on the serum levels of glucose and lactate. Increasing the FiO2 influences dialysate glucose and lactate levels in injured brain tissue. Using an FiO2 of 1 influences brain metabolism in such a way that lactate is significantly reduced and glucose significantly increased. No changes in dialysate glucose and lactate values were found in the noninjured brain.