Influence Of Ni Research Articles

Influence of Ni (II) oxime complex coupled with the combination of diverse sized ZnO nanoparticles on Photovoltaic Performance

The one side selective synthesis of quinoline carboxylic acid oxime complex was carried out successfully. The as-prepared quinoline carboxylic acid oxime complex was complexed with nickel (II) salts to form nickel (II) oxime complex. These complexes were further adsorbed onto ZnO films containing ZnO nanoparticles of various sizes. ZnO films containing a diverse proportion of ZnO nanoparticles were investigated to enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell. The as-synthesized complex was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Ultra violet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy, 1Hydrogen Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR), Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Attenuated total reflection Infra-red spectroscopy (ATR-IR). The combination of large and small ZnO nanoparticles has significantly improves the photovoltaic efficiency. The optimum mixing ratio for the best performance (0.127%) of a dye-sensitized solar cell is achieved by mixing the small: large ZnO particles in a ratio 60:40. The increased efficiency is due to the harvesting of light caused by scattering effect from larger sized ZnO particles. The ZnO layer consisting of smaller particles which are very next to the ZnO bigger particles makes a good electronic contact between film electrode and the Indium-doped tin oxide glass substrate resulting in the increases in the dye molecules adsorption. The over-layered, large-sized ZnO particles enhance the light-harvesting by light scattering effect. Compared to the other mixtures of ZnO films, there is a decrease in the photovoltaic performance of the solar cell when ZnO particles (small and large in a ratio 1:1) were adsorbed onto the Ni (II) oxime complex, which are caused due to the decrease in the surface area and dye aggregation.

Influence of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Cr(III) on the formation, morphology and molecular adsorption properties of α-FeOOH rust particles prepared by aerial oxidation of neutral Fe(II) solutions

To elucidate the role of alloying metals such as Ni, Cu and Cr in weathering steels on the formation of α-FeOOH rust by atmospheric corrosion of the steels in industrial and urban districts, influence of alloying metal ions on the formation, morphology and adsorption properties of α-FeOOH particles synthesized by aerial oxidation of neutral FeSO4 solution was examined. The addition of Cu(II) and Cr(III) dramatically suppresses the crystal growth of α-FeOOH and turns the rod-shaped α-FeOOH particles into nano-sized irregular ones. Besides, increase of amount of added Cr(III) forms the iron oxyhydroxysulfate named as Schwertmannite (Fe8O8(SO4)(OH)6). Whereas, the Ni(II) addition shows no noticeable influence on the growth of α-FeOOH crystal and particles. These results imply that the inhibitory effect of crystal and particle growth of α-FeOOH is in order of Cr(III) > Cu(II) >> Ni(II). The adsorption of CO2 gas on the α-FeOOH particles is impeded by adding Cu(II) and Cr(III). Whereas, the formation of Schwertmannite by adding Cr(III) enhances the CO2 and SO2 adsorption. These results suggest that alloying Cu and Cr in weathering steels inhibit the crystal and particle growth of α-FeOOH to accelerate the formation of protective rust layer composed of fine α-FeOOH and/or Schwertmannite rust particles on the steels in urban and industrial atmosphere.

The influence of Ni(II) on brushite structure stabilization

Brushite samples doped with Ni(II) in different concentrations, from 5% to 20%, were prepared in aqueous solution at pH = 7 and at two temperatures: 25 and 37 °C. The solid samples were characterized by chemical analysis, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Chemical analysis has shown Ni(II) almost complete incorporation to the solid phase up to 15%. X-ray diffraction patterns have allowed to identify brushite phase with almost no modification of the line breadth and only small shifts of lines positions with increasing Ni(II) incorporation up to 15%. For larger Ni(II) concentration, in solution, a mixture of phases has been detected. Infrared spectra have supported diffraction results. For Ni(II) 20% and over the characteristic bands of HPO42- anions tend to vanish, and the typical shaped PO43− bands are observed. These results have allowed to establish that the presence of low levels of Ni in the synthetic process not only helps brushite formation; but, also prevents brushite from apatite conversion and, in addition, preserves brushite crystallinity. According to these findings, it is possible to propose that nickel traces present in the urinary system might be a trigger to brushite stone formation and/or growth, rather than the expected brushite conversion to hydroxyapatite. This outcome would explain the recurrent detection of difficult to treat brushite stones, observed in the last three decades.

The Influence of Ni(II) and Co(II) Adsorptions in the Anomalous Behavior of Co-Ni Alloys: Density Functional Theory and Experimental Studies

The anomalous behavior arising during plating of Co-Ni alloys has been extensively investigated, whence different qualitative proposals have been suggested to describe it, although most of them have been limited to capture underlying atomic interactions between substrate and electroactive species. This study undertakes a different approach to account such phenomenon based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported on experimental data. Alloys formed experimentally consistently present an anomalous behavior, except at the most cathodic current. XRD, XPS and voltammetry confirm the formation of solid solutions over alloy compositions from 40 to 90 wt% Co. SEM reveals that alloy morphology strongly depends on applied current density, which likewise affects Co content as output parameter. The effects of CoSO4 and NiSO4 (ion pairs) adsorptions on the anomalous behavior are explained using DFT. More favorable adsorption free energies of CoSO4 are obtained on multiple alloy surfaces (different arrangements of 50-50 wt% Co-Ni) and pure metals in comparison with NiSO4. Additionally, rich Co sites (substrate) enhance CoSO4 adsorption, while the specific solvation of the cation significantly contributes to the adsorption strength of the ion pairs, indicating that Co(II) reduction energetically possesses a definite advantage in alloy formation. These theoretical findings provide strong evidence to explain the anomalous behavior of Co-Ni alloys through the NiSO4 and CoSO4 competitive adsorptions.

Mapping the Metal Positions inside Spherical C80 Cages: Crystallographic and Theoretical Studies of Ce2@D5h‐C80 and Ce2@Ih‐C80

The dynamic positions of the dimetallic cluster inside the mid-sized spherical cages of C(80)-C(82) have been seldom studied, despite the high abundance of M(2)@C(2n) (2n = 80, 82) species among various endohedral metallofullerenes. Herein, using crystallographic methods, we first unambiguously map the metal positions for both Ce(2)@D(5h)-C(80) and Ce(2)@I(h)-C(80), showing how the symmetry or geometrical change in cage structure can influence the motional behavior of the cluster. Inside the D(5h) cage, the primary cerium sites have been identified along a cage belt of the contiguous hexagons, which suggests the significant influence of such a cage motif on endohedral cluster motion. Further analysis revealed a distorted D(5h) cage owing to the "punch-out" effect of cerium atoms. The consequence is the presence of two localized electrostatic potential minima inside the cage of (D(5h)-C(80))(6-), thus reflecting the primary ionic cerium-cage interaction. In contrast, a different motional behavior of Ce(2) cluster was observed inside the I(h) cage. With the major cerium sites, the molecule of Ce(2)@I(h)-C(80) presented an approximate D(2h) configuration. With the combined theoretical study, we propose that the additional unidentified influence of Ni(II) (OEP) (OEP = octaethylporphyrin) might be also relevant for the location of cerium sites inside the I(h) cage.

The influence of Ni(II) ion on the properties of NiOAl2O3 catalyst prepared by impregnation method

AbstractThe behavior of the NiOAl2O3 catalysts is strongly dependent on the preparation method and pretreatment conditions. In the present work, we investigate the influence of Ni(II) content and various treatment temperatures on the properties of NiOAl2O3 catalysts prepared by impregnation method. On the basis of experimental diffuse reflectance spectroscopy data of electronic d–d transitions of Ni(II) promoter ion, the energies of electronic states in spinel‐like structure were calculated and the most probable scheme of molecular orbital have been proposed. The results of studying the system model allowed the conclusion that the type of contact between the starting phases has a decisive influence on the coordination of Ni(II) ions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Influence of Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) complex formation on interaction with model cellular membranes

Influence of complex compounds of nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) with nitrogen containing ligands on conductivity of bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) was studied. The role of conditions (pH, metal and ligand concentration) on complex formation and interaction with BLMs was evaluated. Composition and form of complex ions in solution which maximally change conductivity have been calculated. Relationship between the complex form predominant in the solution and BLM conductivity indicated that complex ions influence mostly depended on surrounding ligands and did not depend on the nature of the central atom. Permeability coefficients for complex ions which maximally changed BLM conductivity were calculated.

Influence of Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) uptake on the photodegradation on silk yarn treated with aqueous solutions of these metal salts

Influence of Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) uptake on the photodegradation on silk yarn treated with aqueous solutions of these metal salts

Crystallization of metal fluoride hydrates from mixed hydrofluoric and nitric acid solutions, part II: Iron (III) and nickel (II)

Crystallization of nickel fluoride hydrate from mixed pickle acid and the influence of Ni(II) on growth rate of β-FeF 3·3H 2O have been studied. Iron and nickel crystallize into an unidentified Fe/Ni fluoride hydrate crystal having the overall mol ratio of Ni, Fe, and F equal to 1:2:8, which is in accordance with the number of fluoride ions needed to balance the positive charges of Ni and Fe. The most probable empirical formula of this material is (FeF 3) 2NiF 2(H 2O) 6–10. By seeded isothermal desupersaturation experiments, growth rate of β-FeF 3·3H 2O crystals at 50 °C has been studied in a hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid solution containing Ni(II). It is found that the growth rate of β-FeF 3·3H 2O is essentially uninfluenced by the presence of 4 g/kg Ni(II).

The influence of Ni(II) on surface antigen expression in murine macrophages

Biomedical alloys may release nickel ions during corrosion phenomena and, in addition to their interaction with oral tissues, these ions may also influence characteristic properties of the immune system cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nickel chloride on the expression of functionally distinct surface antigens in murine RAW macrophages. The expression of the surface antigens CD14, CD40, MHC class I, MHC class II, CD80, CD86, CD54 was analyzed by flow cytometry. The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as a positive control to induce antigen expression. Cells were stimulated with NiCl 2 (0.1 and 0.5 m m) in the presence and absence of LPS (0.1 or 25 μg/ml). After exposure periods of 6, 24 and 48 h, LPS caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in the expression of all surface antigens. CD14 expression was up-regulated by 0.1 μg/ml LPS by about 10-fold after 24 h and 100-fold after 48 h. After 48 h, NiCl 2 alone up-regulated the expression of all surface antigens between 2- and 4-fold, while in cells stimulated by LPS, 0.1 m m NiCl 2 was effective only on CD14, CD40 and MHC class I. Moreover, 0.5 m m NiCl 2 even inhibited the LPS-induced expression of all surface antigens, except for CD54, which was still significantly up-regulated. These results show that nickel chloride is able to induce an up-regulation of surface antigen expression, but a high concentration may impair essential functions of macrophages stimulated by LPS.

Influence of Ni(II) and Fe(III) complexes of 1,2 dihydroxy 9,10 anthraquinone on the modification in calf thymus DNA upon gamma irradiation

Ionizing radiation when allowed to fall upon cells or DNA, the radicals produced modify the base-pair region of the double strands. Radiation-induced double-strand modifications in calf thymus DNA were detected using Ni(II) and Fe(III) complexes of 1,2 dihydroxy 9,10 anthraquinone (DHA). 60Co was used as the source for γ-radiation and ethidium bromide (EB) as the fluorescent dye for detecting double-strand modifications caused in DNA. Results show that the Fe(III)–DHA complex is more efficient in modifying the base-pair region in double-stranded DNA in comparison to DHA or the Ni(II)–DHA complex.

Biokinetic behavior and settling characteristics in an activated sludge under the effect of toxic Ni(II) influentes

The inhibitory effect of Ni upon a biological system of activated sludge has been analyzed in two semicontinuous sequential reactors feeding synthetic wastewater. One of the reactors was used as control while in the other given amounts of NiSO4 were added to the influent to achieve a concentration of 30 ppm Ni(II). An analysis of the characteristic biokinetic parameters has been made and the correspondence with the operating conditions stated. A series of O2 uptake tests were proposed and the results analyzed together with the specific rate of substrate removal (U) in order to explain the toxic influence of Ni(II). An accumulation of undigested substrate on the floes seems to explain certain aspects derived of the presence of Ni. The sludge residence time (SRT), within a certain range, can be used as a control operating variable to mitigate the inhibitory effect of Ni, since a somewhat contrary effect upon the settling characteristics of the sludge must be also considered.

The influence of Ni(II) on the course of Reactions of Some 2-Arylhydrazones of 1,2,3-Triketones with 1,2-Diaminobenzene

Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-ZeitungVolume 335, Issue 5 p. 470-474 Procedures and Data The influence of Ni(II) on the course of Reactions of Some 2-Arylhydrazones of 1,2,3-Triketones with 1,2-Diaminobenzene† Ewa Opozda, Ewa Opozda Kielce (Poland), Institute of Chemistry, Pedagogical UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorDoc. Dr. hab Ewa Śledziewska, Corresponding Author Doc. Dr. hab Ewa Śledziewska Kraków (Poland), Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian UniversityJagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Ingardena 3, PL-30-060 Krakow, PolandSearch for more papers by this author Ewa Opozda, Ewa Opozda Kielce (Poland), Institute of Chemistry, Pedagogical UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorDoc. Dr. hab Ewa Śledziewska, Corresponding Author Doc. Dr. hab Ewa Śledziewska Kraków (Poland), Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian UniversityJagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Ingardena 3, PL-30-060 Krakow, PolandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 1993 https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.19933350515Citations: 1 † Part III, Part II [16] AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume335, Issue51993Pages 470-474 RelatedInformation