Influence Of Negative Emotions Research Articles

Anxiety, inhibitory control, physical activity, and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents: a moderated mediation model

BackgroundAdolescents may have anxiety due to a series of events such as school work and social interaction. Improper handling of anxiety often leads to some negative consequences, such as Internet addiction. Therefore, this study further explored the relationship between anxiety and Internet addiction, as well as the mediating role of inhibitory control between the two, and also considered the moderating role of physical activity between anxiety and inhibitory control.MethodsA total of 1607 adolescents, comprising 664 boys and 943 girls with an average age of 15.86 years (SD = 0.73), from Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, and Hunan provinces completed a self-report survey on physical activity, anxiety, inhibitory control, and Internet addiction. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and mediation test were conducted.ResultsThe results revealed a significant positive correlation between anxiety and adolescent internet addiction (r = 0.413, p < 0.001), and a significant negative correlation with inhibitory control (r = -0.423, p < 0.001). Inhibitory control was found to be significantly positively correlated with physical exercise (r = 0.143, p < 0.001) and significantly negatively correlated with internet addiction (r = -0.368, p < 0.001). After controlling for demographic variables, anxiety significantly positively predicted Internet addiction (β = 0.311, p < 0.001) in adolescents, and it also indirectly predicted Internet addiction through inhibitory control (β = -0.231, p < 0.001). Physical activity significantly weakened the predictive effect of anxiety on inhibitory control (β = -0.092, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study further explored the issue of psychological mechanisms between anxiety and Internet addiction in adolescents, and added that physical activity alleviates the negative effects of anxiety on adolescents. Schools and families are encouraged to promote physical exercise among adolescents to alleviate the influence of negative emotions on their psychological and behavioral health.

Exploring latent profiles in the relationship between learning atmosphere, negative emotions, and willingness to communicate among EFL learners

ABSTRACT The learning atmosphere, negative emotions, and willingness to communicate are pivotal in shaping learners’ experiences and fostering language proficiency. However, further exploration into these dynamics remains limited. Therefore, this study investigated latent profiles within English as a foreign language (EFL) learner and examined how they differ in terms of the relationships between the learning atmosphere, negative emotions, and willingness to communicate. A total of 591 EFL students from various universities across 19 provinces in China participated in the study. Using latent profile analysis, three distinct subgroups emerged: (1) a profile characterized by high learning atmosphere, very low negative emotions, and very high WTC; (2) a profile with moderate levels of learning atmosphere, negative emotions, and WTC; and (3) a profile marked by low learning atmosphere, high negative emotions, and moderately high WTC. The results underscore the significant positive impact of the learning atmosphere on WTC, alongside a marginal negative influence of negative emotions. These findings suggest tailored interventions and support strategies to cater to diverse learner needs, enhancing language learning environments effectively.

An Unholy Alliance? The Influence of Negative Emotions Elicited by Media Reports on the Persuasiveness of Populist Communication

ABSTRACT Emotions play a crucial role in the success of populist actors and movements. The present study investigates whether populist actors can profit from emotions elicited by media content. We assume that populist claims are more persuasive than non-populist claims when experiencing negative emotions toward an issue and that citizens with strong populist attitudes are particularly susceptible to this persuasive process. In a 2 × 2 experiment (N = 475), we tested whether emotionalized (vs. neutral) media reports foster the persuasiveness of populist (vs. non-populist) communication and whether populist attitudes moderate this effect. The results indicate that citizens with medium to strong populist attitudes experience stronger negative emotions in response to emotionalized media content and that negative emotions increase support for promoted policies and the promoting actor. However, persuasive effects were not limited to populist communication.

Effect of negative emotion on prospective memory and its different components

Prospective memory is an important and complex social cognitive ability, which is easily disturbed by negative emotions. According to the relationship between prospective memory cues and ongoing tasks, prospective memory can be divided into focal prospective memory and non-focal prospective memory. This study focuses on the influence of negative emotions on different types of prospective memory. In Experiment 1, 117 participants were recruited, using a 2 (emotion: negative, neutral) × 2 (cue focality: focal, non-focal) between-subjects design to initially explore whether negative emotions can interfere with the prospective memory of both focal cue and non-focal cue. The results show that negative emotions simultaneously reduce both types of prospective memory performance. At the same time, negative emotions occupy additional attention resources and impair the prospective component of prospective memory with non-focal cues. In Experiment 2, 64 participants were recruited to improve the difficulty of the retrospective component of prospective memory with non-focal cues, and the influence of negative emotions on different components of prospective memory with non-focal cues was further explored. The results show that negative emotions can impair both the prospective and retrospective components of prospective memory. In short, the results of this study indicate that negative emotion can impair prospective memory, and the impairment effect is not limited by the cue type of prospective memory. Meanwhile, negative emotion will occupy more attentional resources and simultaneously affect the prospective and retrospective components of prospective memory.

Counterirritation by pain inhibits the responsiveness to aversive loud tones: the role of state anxiety and state fear triggered in the NPU paradigm

Aim of the study The application of a noxious stimulus reduces the perception and responsiveness to other pain stimuli. This inhibition can be experimentally assessed with a method called ‘counterirritation’. The question arises if counterirritation acts also on the perception and responsiveness to aversive but non-nociceptive stimuli (e.g., loud tones). Since aversive stimulation is often associated with state anxiety or state fear, we investigated in addition the modulatory effects of these emotions on counterirritation. Material and Methods 51 subjects participated in our study. We presented tones with aversive loudness (105 dB), first alone then during counterirritation (immersion of the hand in a hot water bath of 46 °C) to assess inhibition of loudness perception and responsiveness. Influences of state anxiety and state fear on counterirritation were investigated by using the Neutral-Predictable(fear)- Unpredictable(anxiety) Paradigm (NPU), which is based on classical conditioning. Loudness ratings (perception of the aversive tones) and startle reflex (defensive reaction to aversive tones) were assessed. Results Counterirritation reduced startle reflex amplitudes, but not the loudness ratings. Although state anxiety and state fear were successfully induced, counterirritation remained unaffected. Conclusions Our study showed that pain inhibits the responsiveness to aversive stimuli (loud tones). Thus, the postulate that ‘pain inhibits pain’ might be better changed to ‘pain inhibits aversiveness’. Consequently, our findings may also question the assumption of a clear pain specificity in inhibitory action as assumed by theoretical approaches like ‘conditioned pain modulation’ (CPM). Furthermore, counterirritation appeared one more time resistant to the influence of negative emotions.

Understanding Mutual Fund Investors’ Behaviour Using an Extended Model of Goal-directed Behaviour

The study explores and understands the behavioural process followed by individual investors who choose or do not choose to invest in mutual funds (MFs) employing the extended model of goal-directed behaviour (MGB). The study design comprises building and testing a theoretically integrated MGB in the context of MFs investing decisions by incorporating a moderating variable, Regret Averse Bias in MGB. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilized for the present study. The study’s outcomes revealed that the attitude of investors positively affected their desire to invest in MFs. The findings about emotions indicated the regulatory-focused approach of investors. They revealed the positive influence of negative emotions and no impact of positive emotions on an individual’s desire to invest in MFs. This confirmed the positive influence of financial self-efficacy (FSE) on the desire to invest and actual behaviour. Finally, the study established the moderating effect of regret aversion bias of investors on the association between the desire to invest and behavioural intention (BI). The study addresses the need to probe the relationship between anticipated emotions (AEs), regulatory focuses and behaviour strategies, as pointed out in earlier related literature.

Modulating the Impact of Negative Emotional Stimuli on Conflicts Resolution on Employee Maltreatment

Employee maltreatment represents a significant concern within the workplace, with profound implications for both individual and organizational outcomes. This study explores the role of negative emotional stimuli in influencing conflict resolution processes in the context of employee maltreatment. It investigates the modulating effects of emotional regulation strategies on conflict resolution outcomes, focusing on how individuals manage and respond to negative emotional stimuli during workplace conflicts. Through qualitative research approach encompassing surveys and qualitative interviews, this research examines the experiences and perspectives of employees facing maltreatment within various organizational settings. A purposive sample size of 31 participants was used in the study. Data analysis will begin with the review of field notes and analytical memos taken during the interviews. Recorded interviews will be listened to and transcribed. The study analyzes the impact of negative emotional stimuli on conflict escalation, employee well-being, and workplace dynamics. Preliminary findings suggest that negative emotional stimuli play a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of conflicts stemming from employee maltreatment. Furthermore, the study underscores the significance of emotional regulation strategies, including cognitive reappraisal and emotional suppression, in moderating the influence of negative emotions on conflict resolution outcomes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between emotions, maltreatment, and conflict resolution within the workplace.

Relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and erectile dysfunction: a 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Observational studies have indicated a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but a definitive causal relationship remains unestablished. The primary aim of this study was to assess the potential causal relationship between IBD and ED using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We obtained statistical data for 2 subtypes of IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), as well as for ED, from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Subsequently, a 2-sample MR analysis was conducted using these datasets. The primary MR analysis utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, complemented by secondary analyses employing MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Furthermore, we assessed heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test and evaluated pleiotropy with the MR-Egger intercept test. To identify potential influential single nucleotide polymorphisms, we employed a leave-one-out analysis. Additionally, outliers were identified using the MR-PRESSO method. The study outcomes encompassed results from 3 MR analyses, namely IVW, MR-Egger, and weighted median, along with sensitivity analyses involving Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out analysis, and the MR-PRESSO method. There was no causal effect of UC and CD on ED in the MR analysis (IVW P > .05). Results of complementary methods were consistent with those of the IVW method. The results of sensitivity analyses supported our conclusion, and no directional pleiotropy was found. Genetically, despite the absence of a causal link between IBD and ED according to MR analysis, we must emphasize the elevated ED prevalence among IBD patients in observational studies, with particular consideration for the influence of negative emotions on erectile function. This study is the inaugural application of a 2-sample MR analysis using extensive GWAS datasets to evaluate the causal relationship between IBD and ED, effectively mitigating biases stemming from confounding factors and reverse causality often present in observational studies. Nevertheless, it is imperative to exercise caution when drawing conclusions due to inherent limitations in GWAS data, encompassing factors like samples overlap, gender categorization, population ancestry, and the persistent ambiguity surrounding the precise functionality of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms. MR analysis did not provide genetic-level evidence supporting a direct causal relationship between IBD (UC and CD) and ED.

A Cross-Country Analysis of the Combined Influence of Social Media Use and Perceived Social Media Networks on Pandemic Communicative Responses

ABSTRACT This study examines how social media (SM) use is related to human responses to emerging infectious disease risks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic via an online survey conducted in the United States and Taiwan. Results showed that SM use was related to different types of communicative responses (information seeking, interpersonal discussion, and rumor correction) directly and indirectly through cognitive and affective responses (risk perception, responsibility attribution, and negative and positive emotions). The indirect relationships between SM use and communicative responses through these cognitive and affective responses were moderated by perceived SM network structures. In particular, the mediating influence of negative emotions on communicative responses was associated with perceived SM network homogeneity, while that of positive emotions was related to perceived SM network centrality. Furthermore, responsibility attribution drove Taiwanese SM users’ communicative responses, whereas the interrelated influence of positive emotions and perceived SM network centrality shaped American SM users’ communicative responses.

How negative emotions influence arithmetic performance: a comparison of young and older adults

We investigated the influence of negative emotions on arithmetic problem-solving performance and age-related differences therein. Participants were asked to verify complex multiplication problems that were either true (e.g., 4 × 26 = 104) or false (e.g., 5 × 41 = 201). Half the problems were five problems (e.g., 5 × 28 = 140) and half were non-five problems (e.g., 6 × 36 = 216). False five problems violated the five-rule, the parity-rule, both rules, or no rule. Problems were preceded by emotionally neutral or negative pictures. For true problems, emotions impaired performance while verifying non-five problems in young adults only and while verifying five problems in older adults only. For false five problems, negative emotions influenced young adults’ performance while verifying both-rule and no-rule violation problems but not when verifying parity-rule violation or five-rule violation problems. Negative emotions did not influence older adults’ performance whichever false five problems they solved. These findings suggest that negative emotions may change the mechanisms that participants use to solve arithmetic problems and that emotions influence young and older adults via different mechanisms.

The influence of negative emotions on brand trust and intention to share cause-related posts: A neuroscientific study

Negative user-generated content provides cues that warn other consumers to avoid using a particular product or service. This study explores whether brand feedback can counteract consumer backlash to a given company’s cause-related marketing, with a particular focus on how visual attention can moderate negative emotions. Hypotheses based on the Appraisal-Tendency Framework and commitment-trust theory were tested using neurophysiological tools (eye tracking and facial coding) and self-reported measures. The findings suggest that emotions with similar valence and arousal levels cause differing trust perceptions and consumer behavioral responses (sharing intentions), based on the presence or absence of brand feedback. Brand feedback diminishes customers’ visual attention to negative comments in cause-related marketing posts. Consumers’ visual attention to negative comments on a given brand’s cause-related posts, reduces brand trust and its influence on sharing intentions. The findings contribute to the literature by describing mechanisms through which brand feedback influences brand outcomes.

How dissimilarity attributes at restaurants trigger negative emotions and associated behavioral intentions: the role of attribute performance

PurposeConsumers' perceptions of different aspects pertaining to servicescape and social servicescape at restaurants have received little consideration in the hospitality literature. To fill this gap, the authors develop a model that conceptualizes and empirically examines the impact of dissimilar attributes in restaurants on the development of negative emotions and the influence of negative emotions on consumers' dissatisfaction, which in turn determines consumers' behavioral intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used the moderating impact of restaurant attribute performance to support the link between negative emotions and dissimilar attributes. To achieve the study's goals, the authors conducted two investigations, Study 1 and Study 2, in Bangladesh and China, respectively. For study 1, 600 data were obtained from local Bangladeshi consumers, while for study 2, 396 foreign customers in China were surveyed. The collected data were examined by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. The authors utilized IBM Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS), version 24.0.FindingsBoth studies 1 and 2 found that dissimilar restaurant attributes had significant positive effects on the development of negative emotions, positive effects of negative emotions on consumer dissatisfaction and a positive influence of consumer dissatisfaction on consumers' behavioral intentions. Results of both studies 1 and 2 also showed that restaurant attributes performance positively moderate the relationships between dissimilar attributes and negative emotions.Practical implicationsThe study's empirical results contribute to the body of knowledge in the domains of tourism, consumer psychology and consumer behavior. The study's findings can assist restaurant managers in better understanding how different features related to the servicescape and social servicescape dimensions cause unpleasant emotions and, as a result, influence consumer behavioral intentions.Originality/valueNo preceding research has looked at the link between dissimilar features and negative emotions in the restaurant setting to the authors' knowledge. Also, no previous research has looked at the moderating consequence of restaurant attributes in the association between dissimilar attributes and negative emotions. This research aims to fill those knowledge gap.

Study on Antidepressant Emotion Regulation Based on Feedback Analysis of Music Therapy with Brain-Computer Interface.

In today's society, people with poor mental ability are prone to neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, ADHD, and depression due to long-term negative emotions. Although conventional Western medicine has certain curative effect, these drugs have significant anticholinergic side effects central toxicity as well as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects which limit their application in the elderly. At present, several antidepressants used in clinic have certain limitations. According to the symptoms of depression, this paper proposes a feedback emotion regulation method of brain-computer interface music therapy. This method uses special music stimulation to regulate the release of inhibiting sex hormones in the body, reduce the influence of negative emotions on the internal environment of the body, and maintain the steady state of the body. In this method, EEG is used as the emotional control signal of depressed patients, and this biological signal is transformed into music that depressed patients can understand, so as to clarify their physiological and psychological state and realize emotional self-regulation by feedback.

The Influence of Emotion Regulation on Estimation Strategy Execution in Individuals with Trait Anxiety.

Previous studies have shown that some negative emotions hinder estimation strategy execution. However, these studies rarely investigate the influence of negative emotions on the estimation strategy execution in individuals with trait anxiety. The present study examines the relationship between negative emotions and trait anxiety in individuals’ estimation strategy execution. Moreover, it looks into the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on their estimation strategy execution. In October 2010, 803 college students were evaluated using the Trait Anxiety Scale. From these participants, individuals with high and low trait anxiety were selected to complete the double-digit multiplication estimation task. The results showed that the estimation strategy’s execution speed in individuals with high trait anxiety was slower than those with low trait anxiety under negative emotions (t (113) = −2.269, p = 0.025, d = 0.427). Both expression inhibition and cognitive reappraisal could significantly improve the execution speed of the estimation strategy in low trait anxiety (p < 0.001). For individuals with high trait anxiety, cognitive reappraisal regulating negative emotions can promote the estimation strategy’s execution speed (p = 0.031). However, the use of expression inhibition has no significant effect on estimation strategy execution (p = 0.101). In summary, the present study revealed that different emotion regulation strategies moderated the arithmetic strategy execution of individuals with trait anxiety, and cognitive reappraisal had a better effect in individuals with high trait anxiety.

How negative emotions affect young and older adults' numerosity estimation performance.

In this study, we investigated the influence of negative emotions on numerosity estimation and whether this influence changes with aging during adulthood. Young and older adults were asked to estimate and compare the numerosity of collections of elements (cars or dots) with a two-digit number. Collections of elements were preceded by emotionally neutral (e.g., mushrooms) or emotionally negative (e.g., a corpse) pictures. Stimuli were easier (i.e., small-ratio) or harder (i.e., large-ratio) items. Young and older participants obtained similar numerosity estimation performance. Interestingly, participants were less accurate under negative emotions than under neutral emotions when they estimated numerosity of collections of abstract elements (i.e., dots). In contrast, participants improved their performance under negative emotions while estimating collections of non-abstract, daily-life elements (i.e., cars). These findings have important implications for furthering our understanding of the role of negative emotions in numerosity estimation and age-related differences therein.

A review and novel theoretical model of how negative emotions influence inflammation: The critical role of emotion regulation

Psychological distress is an inevitable part of life. Research drawing on theories from clinical psychology, health psychology, and psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) has identified relationships between negative emotions such as anxiety and sadness with inflammation. When not regulated properly, negative emotions can create biological wear and tear on the body that can increase risk for morbidity and mortality. This review discusses previously available research on relationships between negative emotions and emotion regulation with inflammation among both physically healthy adults and those with chronic illnesses. I then present a novel comprehensive biobehavioral model of negative emotionality. This model emphasizes the influence of negative emotions and their contribution to heightened inflammation. Further, I also discuss how emotion regulation (including perseverative processes such as worry and rumination) mediates this association. The relationships between negative emotionality and emotion regulation may be bidirectional, and empirical investigation of this model should specifically seek to disentangle these relationships. The proposed model offers the opportunity to advance PNI research through understanding how emotional factors alter inflammation and contribute to accelerated biological aging and disease risk.

Emotional eating

Emotional Eating (EE) is defined as eating under the influence of negative emotions, and is associated with Eating Disorders, impulsivity, depression and weight gain. However, previous literature is not clear regarding how these variables explain EE. The present study aimed to identify predictors of EE and its relationship to impulsivity, depression, eating style, and weight status in young adults. Sex differences in eating style were examined, and differences in EE between obese/overweight and normal/underweight individuals were tested. Two-hundred college students completed online questionnaires assessing all variables. Low inhibitory control, depression symptoms, female sex, and higher body mass index significantly predicted scores on EE. Obese/overweight and female participants presented increased EE. Correlation analysis evidenced positive associations between EE, Uncontrolled Eating, body mass, and low inhibitory control. Results indicate that EE is related to psychological factors such as impulsivity and depression, and to biological factors, such as sex and body mass.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CRIMES PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION

The article is devoted to the problem of a psychological component of crimes pre-trial investigation. The factors of negative impact of circumstances and consequences of illegal actions on the psyche of participants of criminal&#x0D; proceedings are considered. The need to use knowledge of psychological phenomena and processes in the course of crime investigation by investigators is substantiated.&#x0D; The activities of investigator are characterized by significant emotional intensity. Taking into account full complexity of investigative activities encompassing a variety of interpersonal interactions, special attention is paid to the issue of psychological training of law enforcement agencies. Long-term perception of antisocial phenomena and communication with representatives of different social classes under conditions of time pressure and strict procedural regulation by investigator can result in increased mental stress in investigator and, as a result, in professional deformation. The investigator, being under the influence of negative emotions, must be able to maintain emotional stability. In this regard, the intellectual, volitional and communicative personal qualities of an investigator are particularly important. Keeping in touch with other participants of criminal proceedings, an investigator must maintain rationalism and composure, avoid formalism and bias. The purpose of such communication is to obtain information contributing to the establishment of truth on a specific criminal proceeding. The main task of an investigator in this process is to establish psychological contact with the use of psychological influence methods.

The effect of flight delay on customer loyalty intention: The moderating role of emotion regulation

Airline service delays have received increasing media attention and can result in negative public comments. This study examines the relationship among perceived wait time, negative emotions (anger and worry) and loyalty intention, and the moderating effects of two types of emotion regulation strategies (reappraisal and suppression). A total of 958 valid responses were collected from passengers who had experienced a flight delay. The results reveal that perceived wait time is positively related to feelings of anger and worry, which in turn, negatively influence future loyalty intentions. Importantly, results indicate emotional reappraisal alleviates the effect of perceived wait time on elicitation of anger and worry. Emotional suppression, on the other hand, reduces the influence of negative emotions on loyalty intentions. This study is one of the first to examine how emotion regulation strategies can moderate the negative effect of flight delay on loyalty intention. It contributes to the knowledge by providing a validated empirical model of how customers react to a service delay experience. Implications and recommendations for future research are provided.

Negative emotions influence EEG correlates of inference formation during analogical reasoning

Previous research indicates that negative emotions influence cognitive resource utilization during analogical reasoning. However, no research has yet demonstrated an influence of negative emotions on inference formation during analogical reasoning. For this reason, we used evoked response potentials to investigate how negatively valenced content affects inference formation during analogical reasoning. Participants generated inferences about the missing term of 256 four-term analogies consisting of a first pair (A is to B), a second incomplete pair (as C is to?), and a probe term (D). We manipulated the affective valence of the terms (negative/neutral) forming the first two pairs and the soundness of the analogies. In Experiment 1, the terms were words and the relations were semantic in nature. We recorded the N400 event-related component time-locked to the probe term. The effect of analogy soundness on N400 amplitude was weaker when both pairs of terms were negative than when one or both pairs were neutral. In Experiment 2, we used analogies with negatively or neutrally conditioned symbols as terms, and visuospatial transformations as relations. We recorded the P3b event-related component time-locked to the final term of the analogy. The effect of analogy soundness on P3b amplitude was weaker when the first pair of terms was negatively conditioned than when they were neutrally conditioned. Results of both experiments suggested that negatively valenced content impairs the formation of inferences during analogical reasoning, as indicated by reduced effects of analogy soundness on N400 and P3b in the presence of negatively valenced content.