Influence Of Multiple Factors Research Articles

Evolutionary game and system dynamics for analysis on stakeholder strategies of regional high-speed rail project in investment decision stage

This paper studies the strategic choices under the conflict among stakeholders of regional high-speed rail project at the investment decision stage in the context of the ‘high-speed rail controversy’. This study develops a tripartite evolutionary game model among the central government, the local government and China Railway, analyzes the evolutionary stability strategy, discusses the influence of multiple factors on the choice of tripartite strategy, and further calculates and analyzes the stability of the equilibrium point in the tripartite evolutionary game system. Then the dynamic change trend of strategy choice brought by the change of each factor is investigated through system dynamics simulation. The results show that the lower the intervention cost and reward to the other two parties, and the increase of the opportunity cost of non-intervention and punishment to the other two parties, the faster the convergence of the central government's choice of intervention strategy. The increase of the rewards and punishments, and the increase of negotiation profits, non-negotiation costs, and loss of reputation for non-negotiation, and the decrease in the negotiation costs and non-negotiation profits all contribute to the shortening of the convergence time of the local government's choice of negotiation strategy. The increase of the rewards and punishments, the increase of support profits, the loss of reputation for non-support, and the decrease of the profits for non-support and the extra cost for support will promote the convergence of China Railway's choice of the support strategy. Finally, the simulation results are discussed so as to target feasible coordination strategies, which provides a theory basis for the practice of conflict coordination among stakeholders of regional high-speed rail project at the investment decision stage.

The competition of heavy metals between hyporheic sediments and microplastics of driving factors in the Beiluo River Basin

Both sediments and microplastics (MPs) are medias of heavy metals (HMs) in river ecosystems. This study investigated HMs (Mn, Cr, V, As, Cu, Co, Cd, Pb, and Ni) concentration and driving factors for competitive enrichment between hyporheic sediments versus MPs. The medias basic characteristics indicated that the sediments were mostly sand and rich in Fe2O3; three polymer types were identified, with blue, fragment, less than 500μm being the main types of MPs. The results have shown that the average content of extracted HMs in MPs was much higher than that of the same metals accumulated in sediments. HMs in sediments and MPs reached heavily polluted at some points, among which As and Cd were ecological risks. Electrostatic adsorption and surface complexation, and biofilm-mediated and organic matter complexation were the interaction mechanism of HMs with sediments and MPs. Further, the driving factors affecting the distribution of HMs in the two carriers were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. The results demonstrated that carrier characteristics, hydrochemical factors, and the inherent metal load of MPs were the main causes of the high HMs content. These findings improved our understanding of HMs fate and environmental risks across multiple medias. Environmental ImplicationOwing to large specific surface area and hydrophobicity, microplastics adsorb heavy metals (HMs) from the surrounding environment, aggravating potential ecological hazards and posing a threat to aquatic organisms. Many laboratory experiments have confirmed the compound effect of the two, but the attribution of HMs in natural rivers under the influence of multiple factors remains to be studied.This study investigated the distribution of HMs concentrations in different media, assessed HMs pollution in sediments and microplastics, and explained the drivers of uneven HMs concentrations. The finding provides new insights for further understanding of the fate of HMs in ecosystems.

Comparative experiment of the effects of unplugged and plugged-in programming on computational thinking in primary school students: A perspective of multiple influential factors

Recently, the development of computational thinking (CT) skills has become widespread in the whole world. There is a consensus to develop students’ CT skills through unplugged and plugged-in programming. However, the choice of programming approaches taught in schools is arbitrary and few studies have compared the effectiveness differences between unplugged and plugged-in programming. This study aimed to explore the differences between unplugged and plugged-in programming in developing CT skills of students in Grades 1-2 students. It also explored the joint effects of students’ gender, programming experience, programming interest, and programming confidence with different programming approaches on CT skills. The quasi-experimental research approach was used to conduct 10 weeks of unplugged, plugged-in, and regular programming activities with 124 Grades 1-2 students. The results found that unplugged programming promoted CT skills more in the early primary grades than plugged-in programming. We found that boys and students with programming experience in unplugged group performed significantly better in CT skills than in plugged-in group. Moreover, the improvement of CT skills of students in unplugged group was positively correlated with the level of their programming interest and programming confidence. However, these were not observed in plugged-in group. The results of this study can provide precise guidance for teaching CT skills to early primary school students and provide references for CT education.

Fatigue behavior analysis and life evaluation method of building steel under the influence of multiple factors

The paper aims to analyze the stress–strain response of building steel under low-cycle multiaxial fatigue and to accurately evaluate the fatigue life of specimens by selecting the more important relevant factors that affect fatigue behavior. Based on this, low-cycle multiaxial fatigue experiments of Q355D notched specimens under different multiaxial loading are carried out. Firstly, the fatigue behavior of notched specimens under different loadings and the relationship between the biaxial strain amplitude ratio and fatigue life are analyzed. Secondly, Grey correlation analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and Random Forest importance analysis are used to screen out the important factors affecting fatigue life. Finally, the grey MGM (1, N) model is used to predict the fatigue life of notched specimens, and the results show that the predicted life based on Random Forest importance analysis is in good agreement with the experimental life. In this paper, the multiaxial fatigue problem is decoupled into two sub-problems, i.e. screening out related factors and life prediction based on the related factors, which can be used as a reference for life prediction in structural design.

Two-Line Element Outlier and Space Event Detection Method Based on Multi-Strategy Genetic Algorithm

The detection of two-line element (TLE) outliers and space events play a crucial role in enhancing spatial situational awareness. Therefore, this paper addresses the issue of TLE outlier detection methods that often overlook the mutual influence of multiple factors. Hence, a Multivariate Gaussian Mixture Model (MGMM) is introduced to consider the interdependencies among various indicators. Additionally, a Multi-strategy Genetic Algorithm (MGA) is employed to adjust the complexity of the MGMM, allowing it to accurately learn the actual distribution of TLE data. Initially, the proposed method applies probabilistic fits to the predicted error rate changes for both the TLE semi-major axis and the orbital inclination. Chaos initialization, a posterior probability penalty, and local optimization iterations are subsequently integrated into the genetic algorithm. These enhancements aim to estimate the MGMM parameters, addressing issues related to poor robustness and the susceptibility of the MGMM to converge to local optima. The algorithm’s effectiveness is validated using TLE data from typical space targets. The results demonstrate that the optimized algorithm can efficiently detect outliers and maneuver events within complex TLE data. Notably, the comprehensive detection performance index, measured, using the F1 score, improved by 15.9% compared to the Gaussian mixture model. This significant improvement underscores the importance of the proposed method in bolstering the security of complex space environments.

Research on Short Term Prediction of Electricity Demand in Hubei Province

The balance of electricity supply and demand is the basic condition for promoting the economic development of our country and improving the living standards of the people, and scientific forecasting of electricity demand is the premise of ensuring the balance of electricity supply and demand. Hubei Province is superior in geographical location, and its electricity demand and economic aggregate both rank high in the country, but due to the direct impact of the epidemic, its electricity demand has been affected. This paper uses OLS regression to obtain the linear regression equation of the three indicators of GDP and the proportion of the secondary industry structure before the epidemic from 2005 to 2018, and uses the Gray Forecast Model-assisted scenario analysis method to analyze the electricity consumption of Hubei Province under the influence of multiple factors, and predicts the electricity consumption of Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021 after removing the impact of the epidemic, and makes a short-term forecast of the electricity demand of the province from 2024 to 2029.

Drought Monitoring of Winter Wheat in Henan Province, China Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

Characterized by soil moisture content and plant growth, agricultural drought occurs when the soil moisture content is lower than the water requirement of plants. Microwave remote sensing observation has the advantages of all-weather application and sensitivity to soil moisture change. However, microwave remote sensing can only invert 0~5 cm of soil surface moisture, so it cannot effectively reflect the drought situation of farmland. Therefore, this study took Henan Province as the study area, used soil moisture active and passive (SMAP) satellite soil moisture data, employed NDVI, LST, and ET as the independent variables, and took the drought grade on the sample as the dependent variable. Using the 2017–2019 data as the training set and the 2020 data as the testing set, a random forest drought monitoring model with comprehensive influence of multiple factors was constructed based on the training set data. In the process of model training, the cross-validation method was employed to establish and verify the model. This involved allocating 80% of the sample data for model construction and reserving 20% for model verification. The results demonstrated an 85% accuracy on the training set and an 87% accuracy on the testing set. Additionally, two drought events occurring during the winter wheat growing period in Henan Province were monitored, and the validity of these droughts was confirmed using on-site soil moisture and the vegetation supply water index (VSWI). The findings indicated a high incidence of agricultural drought in the southwestern part of Henan Province, while the central and northern regions experienced a lower incidence during the jointing to heading and filling stages. Subsequently, leveraging the results from the random forest drought monitoring, this study conducted a time series analysis using the Mann–Kendall test and a spatial analysis employing Moran’s I index to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of agricultural drought in Henan Province. This analysis aimed to unveil trends in soil moisture changes affecting agricultural drought, as observed via the SMAP satellite (NASA). The results suggested a possible significant spatial auto-correlation in the occurrence of agricultural drought.

Averting Depletion in a Two-Player Common Pool Resource Game: Being Seen, the Expectation of Future Encounters, and Biophilia Play a Role in Cooperation

AbstractUsing a two-player common pool resource game, we investigated the influence of multiple factors on cooperation: (1) probability of future rounds, (2) visibility of other participants, (3) biophilia, (4) future discounting, and (5) life history. In each round, participants simultaneously and independently (without conferring) decided how much of the common pool to consume. Participants (n = 116) were informed that the shared resource would be fully replenished in the next round—but only if—both players together consumed ≤ 50% of the common pool in the current round. Additionally, participants were told the probability (0–100%) of further rounds of play with the same player (this probability was not real; it was purely to manipulate the player’s expectations). To assess the effect of the probability of future rounds, we developed a mathematical model to predict the threshold that would permit a Nash Equilibrium of Conditional Cooperation (CC). To manipulate visibility, half the pairs were tested in the same room (seen condition) and half in separate rooms (unseen condition). To measure biophilia, the “Nature Relatedness” (NR) scale was used. To measure future discounting, the “consideration of future consequences” (CFC) scale was used. To measure life history, the participant’s UK postcode was obtained (indicating possible residence in a deprived neighbourhood). Participants in our study were not paid. In our results, there was a significant effect showing more cooperation in the visible than not visible condition, but no significant effects of NR, CFC, nor postcodes (but NR was significant in interaction with visibility). For predictability of future rounds, we found a number of significant effects using different tests. A notable result was that there was significantly more CC when the probability of future rounds was ≥ 69% (congruent with one of our model predictions).

Семиотическая диагностика целей преподавания философии в педагогическом образовании

Modernization of domestic education and global diversification of pedagogical education make it relevant to analyze the role and place of the subject ‘Philosophy’ in order to diagnose new goals for teaching this discipline. Based on the methodological innovation of the semiotic approach proposed by I.V. Melik-Gaykazyan, the correspondence between the semantics of universal competencies and the pragmatics of the formation of individual trajectories for the training of future teachers is established. This correspondence captures the navigational role of philosophy, firstly, in the development of basic academic disciplines, and, secondly, in understanding the continuity of their curricula. The implementation of this role will not happen naturally, since the domestic tradition of university philosophy has its own characteristics, which are retrospectively indicated in the article. The retrospection emphasizes the context in which S.I. Gessen formulated his well-known thesis that pedagogy is an applied philosophy. This thesis is of essential importance for determining the role and place of teaching philosophy for the future teacher training, and also remains relevant in the situation of modern diversification of the goals of pedagogical education. The purpose of teaching philosophy is the propaedeutics of the development of special courses devoted to modern theories and the actual practice of education. At the same time, the actual practice of education takes place in social conditions that transform behavioral and ethical norms, therefore, the goals of teaching philosophy in the context of pedagogical education include explaining intellectual traditions and the limits of their effectiveness in order to find ways to solve situational problems generated by modern communication tools and systems. These situational problems are formed under the influence of multiple factors, and therefore, to solve them, it is necessary to understand the essence of transdisciplinarity. The simultaneous multiplicity of communications and the variability of their formats in specifi c psychological and pedagogical conditions make the modern understanding of theessence of the mediatization phenomenon relevant. Modern requirements for education to ensure the training of unique specialists fixes the need for the formation of tolerance, which is a condition for the implementation of inclusive education. The listed principles of modern philosophical anthropology andpost-non-classical methodology – tolerance, mediatization, transdisciplinarity, multidimensionality – coincide with those competencies which formation can be led by the teaching of philosophy.

Optimal subsidy policy for new energy vehicles based on the influence of multiple factors and consumers' green preference

AbstractPolicies concerning subsidies for new energy vehicles and consumers' environmental preferences significantly impact the sales of such vehicles. To investigate the correlation between sales and subsidies or consumers' environmental preferences and to devise optimal subsidy strategies, two Stackelberg game models are constructed based on both monopoly and duopoly markets, with solutions derived for Nash equilibrium points. In order to refine the strategy for subsidy adjustments, two dynamic adjustment models considering bounded rationality are established. Additionally, the process of adjusting subsidies towards Nash equilibrium points is analyzed. Simulations, utilizing actual research data, are performed to assess China's current adjustment strategies. The findings reveal a substitution relationship between consumers' environmental preferences and subsidies. Furthermore, optimal subsidy levels and bounded rational subsidy adjustment strategies are identified. Governments should thoroughly consider consumers' environmental preferences when refining subsidy policies, as it is a crucial factor influencing the development of the new energy vehicle industry.

Interactive Effects of Temperature, Water Regime, and [CO2] on Wheats with Different Heat Susceptibilities

Plants’ response to single environmental changes can be highly distinct from the response to multiple changes. The effects of a single environmental factor on wheat growth have been well documented. However, the interactive influences of multiple factors on different wheat genotypes need further investigation. Here, treatments of three important growth factors, namely water regime, temperature, and CO2 concentration ([CO2]), were applied to compare the response of two wheat genotypes with different heat sensitivities. The temperature response curves showed that both genotypes showed more variations at elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]) than ambient [CO2] (a[CO2]) when the plants were treated under different water regimes and temperatures. This corresponded to the results of water use efficiency at the leaf level. At e[CO2], heat-tolerant ‘Gladius’ showed a higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn), while heat-susceptible ‘Paragon’ had a lower Pn at reduced water, as compared with full water availability. The temperature optimum for photosynthesis in wheat was increased when the growth temperature was high, while the leaf carbon/nitrogen was increased via a reduced water regime. Generally, water regime, temperature and [CO2] have significant interactive effects on both wheat genotypes. Two wheat genotypes showed different physiological responses to different combinations of environmental factors. Our investigation concerning the interactions of multi-environmental factors on wheat will benefit the future wheat climate-response study.

Novel Adaptive Path-Smoothening Optimization Method for Mobile Robots

A safe and smooth operating path is a prerequisite for mobile robots to accomplish tasks. Although the existing path optimization methods improve the smoothness of the planned path by introducing Bezier curve to locally optimize the path with regard to turning points, most of these methods manually select the position of control points and subjectively analyze the feasibility of the optimized path. It is argued unfavorably that it exhibits strong subjectivity and cumbersome selection process. To fill this gap, an adaptive path-smoothening optimization method is proposed in this study, which combines neural network, genetic algorithm, and Bezier curve to transform the path smoothing problem into an optimization problem. It rapidly determines the position of the optimal control point based on comprehension of constraints, e.g., path safety, curvature and kinematic restrains of the robot. The currently proposed method resolves the long-standing problems of strong subjectivity, cumbersome steps, and thus low efficiency in the selection process of control points, and lays the theoretical groundwork for smoothening the locus and path. To start with, according to the actual working conditions, the dataset corresponding to the position of the control point and the path deviation is constructed, and the neural network algorithm is used to solve the prediction model of the path deviation, so as to obtain the mapping relationship between the length and included angle of the control edge in the second-order Bezier curve and the path deviation. Subsequently, with reference to the prediction model of path deviation, a reliability evaluation function is formulated by comprehending multiple influential factors of mobile robot motion safety and path smoothness. The genetic algorithm is then introduced to detect the satisfactory control points in different environments. The currently proposed method is verified by experiments in different operating environments. The study results show that the currently proposed adaptive path-smoothening optimization method exhibits remarkably superior applicability and effectiveness compared to the currently prevailing methods. It demonstrates advantages of fast path planning, reduced path turning points, and desirable path smoothness. In addition, it can also ensure the safety of mobile robot along the planned path as availed by a pre-set criterion.

Numerical Simulation of Storm Surge Inundation in Estuarine Area Considering Multiple Influencing Factors

With global climate change, the risk of extreme storms and storm surges in estuarine areas is increasing; thus, storm surge inundation research and prediction have become important issues to ensure sustainable development in estuarine areas. The Jitimen estuary in Guangdong Province, China, was chosen as our study area. In this study, a numerical model for simulating storm surge inundation in small regions based on unstructured triangular grids was established, and the model accuracy was validated. The typhoon characteristics in the study area were statistically analyzed based on historical data. Three experimental schemes, involving factors influencing storm surge inundation, such as typhoon landfall location, intensity, and direction, were used to evaluate the differences in the numerical results. The results showed that when the typhoon landfall direction remained unchanged and the highest tide levels at the Sanzao tide gauge station were similar, the differences between the numerical results for the typhoon landfall location and typhoon intensity schemes were less than 5%, and the inundation characteristics were similar. However, when the typhoon location and intensity were unchanged and the highest tide levels at the Sanzao tide gauge station were similar, the numerical results for the typhoon landfall direction scheme significantly differed; this result was caused by the difference in the duration of the high tide level (exceeding 3 m); these results indicated that the topographic characteristics and the typhoon landing direction had a greater impact on storm surge inundation. The results from this study can aid in the prediction of storm surge inundation information for the Jitimen estuary area when the typhoon landing direction and the maximum tide level are known.

Research on Voltage Sag Loss Assessment Based on a Two-Stage Taguchi Quality Perspective Method

Voltage sags resulting from symmetrical or asymmetrical faults pose a significant threat to power quality. In response to this challenge, a voltage sag loss assessment method based on a two-stage Taguchi quality perspective approach is proposed to address the quantitative analysis of voltage sag economic losses. Initially, using the Taguchi quality perspective method, single-index quality loss functions are separately established for voltage sag magnitude and fault duration. Subsequently, by introducing a comprehensive load tolerance curve, sensitivity parameters within the quality loss function are accurately calculated. This yields a deterministic model for voltage sag assessment. Building upon this, the relative impact of the two indices on voltage sag loss is evaluated using the quality loss function. Consequently, a comprehensive loss model under the influence of multiple indices is formed by integrating two single-index evaluation models. The simulation results indicate that this method can effectively assess the economic losses of voltage sags under the combined influence of multiple factors. Compared to the original economic loss assessment method, it improves quantitative accuracy by approximately 3.72%. Moreover, the method reduces the computational complexity of loss assessment through the consolidation of intervals with similar sensitivity parameters.

Optimizing Sb2Se3 thin-film solar cells: A comprehensive simulation study of multiple influential factors

This article presents a comprehensive simulation study of Sb2Se3-based thin-film solar cells, exploring critical parameters that influence their performance and efficiency. We demonstrate that tuning the Sb2Se3 thickness offers a versatile approach to optimize light absorption and charge transport, offering promising avenues for efficiency enhancement. Furthermore, we highlight the pivotal role of carrier concentration variation in balancing carrier mobility and recombination, enabling fine-tuned control over device performance. Investigating the work function values of back contact metals uncovers crucial insights into open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and efficiency. Temperature effects are examined, emphasizing the need for effective thermal management strategies to ensure stable and efficient operation over a wide range of environmental conditions. The study underscores the significance of the HTL in improving charge carrier collection and reducing recombination losses. Lastly, our exploration of cadmium-free design underscores the industry's commitment to sustainable and environmentally friendly photovoltaic technologies. Overall, this simulation study advances our understanding of Sb2Se3-based solar cells and offers valuable guidance for optimizing their performance, ultimately contributing to the development of efficient and eco-friendly renewable energy solutions. Post-optimization, our findings indicate an impressive efficiency of 23.39%, with a noteworthy efficiency level of 23.02% achieved for cadmium-free solar cell configurations.

3D suitability evaluation of urban underground space using a variable weight method and considering ground restrictions

The evaluation of urban underground space (UUS) suitability involves multiple indicators. Assigning weight to these indicators is crucial for accurate assessment. This paper presents a method for spatially variable weight assignment of indicators using the order relation analysis method (G1-method), the entropy weight method, an improved grey relational analysis (GRA) and a set of spatial weight adjustment coefficients. First, the subjective and objective weights of indicators for engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions were determined by the G1-method and entropy weight method, respectively, and their combined weights were then obtained using the principle of minimum discriminatory information. This study highlighted the impact of surface restrictions, such as buildings, on UUS, and the degree of the influence of these buildings gradually decreased from very significant to zero with increasing depth, which resulted in changes in weights of indicators with depth. To address this issue, a coefficient was defined as the standardized value of the ratio of additional stress applied by restrictions to the self-weight stress of soil at the same depth to modify the combined weights so that all weights of indicators could vary in space. Finally, an improved GRA was used to determine the suitability level of each evaluation cell using the maximum correlation criterion. This method was applied to the 3D suitability evaluation of UUS in Sanlong Bay, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China, including 16 evaluation indexes. This study comprehensively considered the influence of multiple factors, thereby providing reference values for evaluating the suitability of UUS in big cities.

Assessing ecological health in a semi-arid basin: a case study of the Wei River Basin, China.

A healthy water ecosystem within a river basin is essential for maintaining ecological security, preserving species diversity, and ensuring sustainable socio-economic development. Unfortunately, human activities have significantly threatened the health of water ecosystems in various basins. Consequently, timely restoration and targeted protection of damaged river ecosystems have become crucial objectives in watershed management. As a prerequisite and cornerstone for river protection and management, assessing river ecological health has emerged as a primary focus in current research. In this study, we selected the Wei River Basin, a representative area of the Yellow River Basin, as our research subject. We identified multiple influencing factors, including society, biology, water quality, and habitat, which collectively impact this semi-arid region. To assess the overall impact of these factors on ecological health, we developed a comprehensive River Ecological Health Assessment Index (REHAI) system. The research findings indicate that the Wei River system, as a whole, is currently in a healthy state, while the Jing and Luo River systems are classified as sub-healthy. Furthermore, we observed variations within the Wei River system itself; the upper reaches of the Wei River exhibit higher levels of health compared to the middle reaches, whereas the water environment in the lower reaches is the most compromised. This degradation can be attributed to downstream subsidence, increased pollution, and rapid urbanization. By establishing a river ecosystem health assessment methodology and conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the health status of river ecosystems, this paper puts forward management recommendations for river basins. These findings provide a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of water resources in river basins and promote the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature.

Factors related to satisfaction with community-based home aging services in Shandong, China.

This study investigated the satisfaction of current community-based home care services and its factors in adults aged ≥60 years. Using stratified cluster random sampling, we surveyed 1,494 older adults in Jinan and Qingdao, Shandong province, between 2021 and 2023. The baseline and satisfaction surveys were designed by our research team, and the questionnaires were conducted in the form of structured interviews. Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of satisfaction. The satisfaction was mainly affected by age (p = 0.007), marital status (p < 0.001), pre-retirement occupation (p = 0.003), economic source (p < 0.001), and mode of residence (p = 0.001) in the study of 1,494 older adults. Under the influence of multiple factors, the evaluation of older adults services, married [OR = 4.039, 95% CI: 1.176-13.877] were more inclined to be average, and their occupations were agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, and water production workers [OR = 0. 237, 95% CI: 0.068-0.819] and production and transportation equipment operators and related personnel [OR = 0.153, 95% CI: 0.024-0.966] or [OR = 0.153, 95% CI: 0.029-0.820] tended to be more dissatisfied. The satisfaction level of community-based home care services is relatively high among older adults, and it is mainly affected by factors such as age, marital status, pre-retirement occupation, source of financial resources, and mode of residence. Addressing the emotional needs of older adults, lowering the cost of aging, and integrating health care and aging seamlessly are among the ongoing challenges that we need to tackle.

Research on thermal properties of polystyrene granular concrete under the influence of multiple factors

This paper has investigated the effects of the six factors of concrete volume density, polystyrene particles, water-cement ratio, sand rate, glass powder, and silicon ash on the thermal properties of polystyrene granular concrete, analyzed the degree of influence of various factors through the principal component method, established a comprehensive index where the thermal conductivity of polystyrene granular concrete, is affected by multiple factors and determined a model equation for the standard value of the thermal conductivity. On this basis, the conclusion has been reached. Specifically, the polystyrene particle content has the most significant effect on the thermal conductivity of the polystyrene particles, followed by the bulk density of concrete, with glass powder having the most negligible impact. When the replacement rate of silicon ash is greater than 10%, the thermal conductivity of polystyrene granular concrete could be reduced to improve its thermal performance. When polystyrene granular concrete is prepared using silicon ash, its thermal conductivity is reduced by 22%. When the replacement rate of glass powder does not exceed 20%, it exerts a positive effect on reducing the thermal conductivity of polystyrene granular concrete. Among them, when the glass powder replacement rate is 10%, the thermal conductivity reaches a minimum value, which is 16.1% lower than that of the control group. With the increase of the sand rate, the thermal conductivity of polystyrene granular concrete increases, and the higher the bulk weight of the concrete, the smaller the increase in thermal conductivity.

Human-induced rapid siltation within a macro-tidal bay during past decades

Tidal bay evolution is the result of the comprehensive influence of multiple factors. It is crucial to analyze the primary factors to disassemble the comprehensive effects. In this study, remote sensing and bathymetric data were used to investigate anthropogenic activities and geomorphological changes in Puba Bay, China. From 1964 to 2020, the intertidal zone area decreased by 64.5% due to mariculture ponds and coastal reclamation, with the former accounting for 60.4% of the total area. Over five decades, the bay experienced significant silting, with a 61.5% decrease in underwater area, an 88.4% decrease in volume, and considerable reductions in maximum water depth, cross-sectional terrain depth, and width. Anthropogenic activities led to a reduction in tidal prism and tidal velocity, resulting in increased flood dominance and decreased ebb dominance in the main channel, leading to more siltation. Negative and positive feedback mechanisms were observed between anthropogenic activities, seaward expansion of intertidal flats, and bay siltation. The influence of mariculture ponds, as the major factor, on geomorphological changes was found to be similar to that of coastal reclamation. To maintain water depth and capacity for material exchange in the bay, preliminary suggestions for mariculture pond management are proposed.