Moral Influence Research Articles

Victorious high priest in the African context

Scholars have proposed several atonement theories to describe what Christ has achieved through the incarnation, particularly through his death—Recapitulation, Example, Moral Influence, Ransom, Christus Victor, Penal Substitution, and Government theories. However, the discussion of atonement theories reveals that scholars favour and advocate for one theory. The Christus Victor and Penal Substitutionary atonement theories are often pitted against each other. This article examines Hebrews 2:14–18, using a historical, grammatical, and literary method. The passage depicts Jesus’s sacrificial death for the sins of God’s people and his victory over the devil and death through his incarnation. Contrary to the common tendency of scholars to pit the Christus Victor model and Christ’s atoning substitution against each other, in the present pericope, the author of Hebrews illustrates the integration of Christus Victor and substitutionary atonement theories as complementary aspects of Jesus’s incarnation. The article also showcases the integration of victory and sacrifice in African Christian songs that perceive Jesus as a victorious High Priest who died as a substitute and freed his people from the domination of the devil and death. The article proposes that the Christus Victor and Penal Substitutionary atonement models are not mutually exclusive but should be understood synergistically.

Analysis of Internal Controls, Individual Morality and Information Asymmetry Against Fraud Tendencies At PT. Ambassador Mayanksari in Surabaya

This study aims to examine the influence of internal control, individual morality, and information asymmetry on the tendency of fraud in PT. Ambassador Mayanksari located in Surabaya. Fraud is a serious problem because it can harm a company both financially and reputationally. In this study, a quantitative approach was used with a survey method involving 57 respondents, who were employees of PT. Ambassador Mayanksari. The collected data was analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques to identify the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The findings show that all three variables—internal control, individual morality, and information asymmetry—together exert a significant influence on fraud propensity. Separately, internal control has been proven to have a positive influence on fraud tendencies. The same is true for individual morality and information asymmetry, both of which have a significant impact on the occurrence of fraud. This study suggests that the implementation of good internal control, the improvement of individual morality, and the reduction of information asymmetry can play an important role in reducing the potential for fraud in companies.

Pengaruh Pemahaman Materi Akhlak Berpakaian Terhadap Etika Berbusana Muslimah Pada Siswi Kelas XII Di MAN 1 Kota Bogor

This research aims to: (1) To Know and explain the level of understanding of class XII female students regarding the material on dress morals at MAN 1 Bogor City, (2) To Know and explain the level of application of Muslim dress ethics for class XII female students at MAN 1 Bogor City, (3) To know and explain the influence of understanding the material on morals of dress on the dress ethics of Muslim female in class XII at MAN 1 Bogor CityThis research uses quantitative methods with the data analysis technique used, namely simple linear regression with t-test. The number of samples in this study was 51 respondents with sample determination using random sampling techniques. The data collection technique is by distributing questionnaires. Based on the data obtained, it shows that the level of understanding of class XII female students' clothing morals is in the very high category with an average value of 69.37 and the level of clothing ethics of class XII female Muslim students is included in the high category with an average value of 62.09. The results of the research show that understanding the material on morals in clothing has a positive effect on the ethical clothing of Muslim female in class XII at MAN 1 Bogor City. This can be seen from the results of a simple analysis where the equation Y = 11.806 + 0.725X is obtained. The t-test results showed that tcount was 5,947 > ttable 1,677 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. So, Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. The influence of understanding clothing morals on Muslim females clothing ethics is 41.9%, while the remaining 58.1% is explained by other variables that were not studied.

Generation Z Entrepreneurial Morals towards Intention through Self-Efficacy and Motivation, Based on Creative Economy

This research aims to identify the influence of entrepreneurial morals on entrepreneurial intention, with self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation as intervening variables among Generation Z students of tourism study program. This is a quantitative research using the Path Analysis method. Based on computation, sample of this research is using 100 tourism students from Indonesian Education University (UPI), who are participating in the entrepreneurship program. The results of the study indicate that entrepreneurial motivation plays an important role as a significant mediator in linking entrepreneurial moral with entrepreneurial intention, while self-efficacy does not have a significant influence on the relationship between entrepreneurial moral to entrepreneurial intention. Overall, entrepreneurial moral play a significantly important role in increasing the self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention of tourism students. It is expected that this research can recommend and contribute to the development of a more effective and relevant creative economy-based entrepreneurship program to increase interest in entrepreneurship among tourism students.

The Influence of Group Identification and Morality in Support for Defunding the Police

There is very little research regarding what factors drive support for defunding the police. Using the theoretical framework of the Group Engagement Model and the Moral Foundations Theory, this study explores if and how race, group identification, and morality shape support for defunding the police. Results indicated that increased superordinate identification and binding moral foundations reduced support for defunding the police among White respondents. For Black respondents, increased subordinate identification explains their increased support for defunding the police. Attachment to one’s racial group and concerns for its welfare coupled with moral intuitions driven by care and fairness toward victims of police brutality who are disproportionately Black explains why Blacks Americans began and support calls to defund the police.

The Influence Of Work Conflict And Work Spirit On Employee Performance At The Office Of North Galesong District, Takalar Regency

This research aims to determine the influence of work conflict and work morale on employee performance at the North Galesong District Office, Takala Regency. This research method is descriptive quantitative using simple regression analysis. Research data was obtained from respondents through a questionnaire with 32 employees as respondents. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 20 program. The research results obtained by the author of the work conflict variable (????1) and employee performance variable (Y) show that the significant value is 0.310 (>0.05). Obtained t table of 2.048 with a t count of 1.035 then (1.035<2.048) with a significant value (0.310>0.05) then it can be concluded that Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, meaning that the partial (individual) work conflict variable has no significant effect on employee performance and The partial test (t) of the work enthusiasm variable (????2) on employee performance (Y) shows a significant value of 0.015 (<0.05). Obtained a t table of 2.048 with a calculated t of 2.616 so (2.616>2.048) is significant (0.015<0.05) then it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that the partial (individual) workload variable has a significant effect on employee performance. The tcount value is positive, meaning that the influence that occurs is positive, or can be interpreted as decreasing the workload, which will increase employee performance

Apply the Laws, if They are Good: Moral Evaluations Linearly Predict Whether Judges Should Enforce the Law.

What should judges do when faced with immoral laws? Should they apply them without exception, since "the law is the law?" Or can exceptions be made for grossly immoral laws, such as historically, Nazi law? Surveying laypeople (N = 167) and people with some legal training (N = 141) on these matters, we find a surprisingly strong, monotonic relationship between people's subjective moral evaluation of laws and their judgments that these laws should be applied in concrete cases. This tendency is most pronounced among individuals who endorse natural law (i.e., the legal-philosophical view that immoral laws are not valid laws at all), and is attenuated when disagreement about the moral status of a law is considered reasonable. The relationship is equally strong for laypeople and for those with legal training. We situate our findings within the broader context of morality's influence on legal reasoning that experimental jurisprudence has uncovered in recent years, and consider normative implications.

The influence of tax knowledge, tax awareness, and tax morality on tax compliance of MSMEs in the Kebon Bawang Urban Village, North Jakarta

This study aims to test and analyze the Influence of Tax Knowledge, Tax Awareness, and Tax Morality on Tax Compliance of MSME Taxpayers residing in the Kebon Bawang Village area, North Jakarta. This research method uses the Nonprobability sampling method using Accidental Sampling and using the Hair formula with a research sample of 100 respondents. The results of this study are (1) Tax knowledge does not have a positive effect on MSME taxpayer compliance. (2) Tax awareness has a positive effect on MSME taxpayer compliance. (3) Tax morality has a positive effect on MSME taxpayer compliance. The conclusion from the study indicates that tax knowledge does not influence SMEs taxpayers' compliance due to the lack of knowledge among SMEs taxpayers about the payment deadlines for their tax obligations.

THE KINSHIP OF LAW WITH MORALITY

The relationship between the two great normative systems, law and morality, which regulate and control human conduct in society, has been a subject of intense debate for a century among legal scholars, philosophers, and social scientists. Even if there is a long and controversial history of the debate regarding the relationship between law and morality, most doctrinaires maintain that law and morality, in their quality as hypostases or distinct aspects of human society, enjoy a firm relationship, an interconnection and conditioning mutual and dynamic. Despite well-documented debates in the literature, there is no clear consensus on the basic questions this topic raises. This short essay aims to clarify the interplay between law and morality by examining their conceptual distinctions, the influence of morality on law, the limitations of each in addressing societal concerns, the role of morality in lawmaking, judicial interpretation, and legal application. of law, the dynamic interactions between law and morality according to their evolution over time.

The Influence of Work Morale, Work Environment and Self-Efficacy on the Performance of Balangan Regency Library and Archives Service Employees

This research aims to determine and analyze the influence simultaneously and partially of Work Morale, Work Environment and Self-Efficacy on the Performance of Balangan Regency Library and Archives Service employees. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative with a survey approach where questionnaires will be distributed to all research respondents, where the population in this research is the Balangan Regency Library and Archives Service Employees totaling 230. Determining the number of samples used in the author's research uses the Slovin formula, namely 70 Service Employees Balangan Regency Library and Archives. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and interviews. The measurement scale uses a Likert scale with a preference level of 1 to 5. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. The test results show that simultaneously and partially Work Morale, Work Environment and Self-Efficacy have a significant effect on the Performance of Balangan Regency Library and Archives Service Employees. The work environment has a dominant influence on the performance of Balangan Regency Library and Archives Service employees.

Pengaruh Money Ethics dan Tax Morale terhadap Persepsi Mahasiswa Mengenai Tax Evasion dengan Hedonisme sebagai Variabel Moderasi

This research raises the issue of the phenomenon of tax evasion amidst the increase in tax revenue realization in the last three years. This study aims to determine the effect of money ethics and tax morale on student perceptions of tax evasion with hedonism as a moderating variable. The object of this research is the cadre of the Mojokerto National Student Movement (GMNI) organization. This study uses a quantitative approach with primary data sources and uses a survey method through google form with a Likert scale measuring instrument. The population in this study were 115 cadres of the Mojokerto GMNI organization. The sampling technique used purposive sampling to get 65 respondents. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical analysis with the Structural Equation Modeling- Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The test tool used is SmartPLS software version 4.1.0.2 with outer model and inner model. The results showed that money ethics has a positive and significant effect on student perceptions of tax evasion, tax morale has a negative and significant effect on student perceptions of tax evasion, and hedonism is able to moderate the influence of money ethics and tax morale on student perceptions of tax evasion.

The Influence of the Work Environment and Work Morale on Employee Performance With Work Quality as a Variable Intervening at Bank Syariah Indonesia Area Medan Raya

A conducive work environment and high morale are very important factors in achieving optimal performance quality in the face of increasingly fierce industry competition. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the influence of the work environment and work morale on employee performance mediated by the quality of work at Bank Syariah Indonesia in the Medan Raya area. This research was conducted with a causal associative quantitative approach. The sample used was 100 employees taken from 287 populations with a random sample technique using the slovin formula. The results of data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study showed that the work environment had no effect on employee performance, with a T-statistical value of 0.043 < 1.96 and a P-value of 0.966 > 0.05, so that the improvement of the work environment would not improve employee performance. On the contrary, work morale has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, shown by a T-statistical value of 4.963 > 1.96 and a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating that increasing work morale can improve employee performance. The work environment also had a positive and significant effect on the quality of employees' work, with a T-statistical value of 3.048 > 1.96 and a P-value of 0.003 < 0.05. However, work morale did not have a significant effect on the quality of employee work, with a T-statistical value of 1.335 < 1.96 and a P-value of 0.185 > 0.05. In addition, the quality of work did not have a significant effect on employee performance, with a T-statistical value of 1.181 < 1.96 and a P-value of 0.240 > 0.05. The quality of work is also unable to intervene in the influence of the work environment on employee performance, shown by the T-statistical value of 1.151 < 1.96 and the P-value of 0.253 > 0.05. Similarly, work quality was unable to intervene in the influence of work morale on employee performance, with a T-statistical value of 0.645 < 1.96 and a P-value of 0.521 > 0.05. These results provide insight that factors such as work environment and work morale do not have a mediating effect through work quality on employee performance at Bank Syariah Indonesia in the Medan Raya area.

Tri Hita Karana Culture Moderate: Good Corporate Governance and Morality in Fraud Prevention

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of Good Corporate Governance and Morality on Fraud Prevention in LPDs throughout Sukawati District directly or moderated by the Tri Hita Karana culture. The population in this study was LPDs in Sukawati District, totaling 33 LPDs with respondents for each LPD consisting of Leaders/Chairmen, Treasurers, Financial Administration Staff and Internal Supervisory Bodies. The sampling technique used was a saturated sampling technique where research data was collected through the results of distributing questionnaires and analyzed using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) analysis technique. The research results state that Good Corporate Governance has a positive effect on Fraud Prevention. Morality has a positive effect on Fraud Prevention. Tri Hita Karana Culture is a moderating variable that strengthens the influence of the Good Corporate Governance variable on Fraud Prevention. Tri Hita Karana Culture is a moderating variable that strengthens the influence of the Morality variable on Fraud Prevention. The results of this research can provide practical contributions to interested parties, namely LPD managers and village behavior as LPD owners. LPD can increase awareness and understanding of the importance of good corporate governance and morality in preventing fraud. Training related to Tri Hita Karana cultural values ​​can also be provided to employees to strengthen commitment to ethical and responsible practices.

Morality, Social Inclusion, and In-Group Superiority: The Differential Role of Individualizing and Binding Foundations in Perceptions of the Social Identity of In-Group and Out-Group Members.

Research into social identity and morality judgments typically focuses on how the former influences the latter. We approach this theme from the opposite direction, establishing the influence of morality on perceptions of social identity. In three studies, conducted in two cultures, we show that in-group members acting immorally are excluded from the group. Extending this investigation to the overlooked study of out-group-on-out-group behavior, in Studies 2 and 3, we compare perceptions of social inclusion for in-group members following (im)moral behavior toward the in-group with perceptions of out-group members following (im)moral behavior toward the out-group. We show that people treat in-group and out-group members alike with respect to binding morals, which concern preservation and protection of the group, but not individualizing morals, which concern preservation and protection of individual rights. Finally, in Study 3, we confirm the underlying motivating mechanism of reasserting in-group superiority by affirming the positive distinctiveness of one's own group.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat dengan Kecerdasan Sosial Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Kantor Camat Tilatang Kamang

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of service quality and work enthusiasm on community satisfaction with social intelligence as an intervening variable at the Tilatang Kamang sub-district office. The method used is an analytical or reception survey with data analysis techniques of outer model testing, inner model testing and hypothesis testing. The sample was 100 residents of Tilatang Kamang District. The results obtained show that there is a positive and significant influence of service quality on social intelligence at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office. There is a positive and significant influence of work enthusiasm on social intelligence at the Tilatang Kamang Subdistrict Office. There is a positive and significant influence of service quality on community satisfaction at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office. There is a positive and significant influence of work morale on community satisfaction at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office. There is a positive and significant influence of social intelligence on community satisfaction at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office. Social intelligence is able to mediate the influence of service quality on community satisfaction at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office. Social intelligence is able to mediate the influence of work morale on community satisfaction at the Tilatang Kamang District Head Office

Eliciting guilt in virtual reality games: interplay of self-attribution, presence, and morality.

This study investigates the psychological mechanisms in virtual reality (VR) games, focusing on the interplay between character morality, self-attribution, presence, guilt, and their collective impact on player enjoyment. Based on Affective Disposition Theory, it hypothesizes that players' moral judgments of characters significantly affect their engagement and enjoyment of VR narratives. A post-test between-subjects experiment was conducted with 97 participants to examine the influence of character morality on guilt through the mediation of self-attribution, and how these factors affect players' sense of presence and overall enjoyment in VR games. The findings indicate that self-attribution significantly mediates the relationship between character morality and guilt. Additionally, the sense of presence enhances enjoyment, with a stronger sense of 'being there' amplifying the emotional impact of players' moral decisions. This study highlights the full mediating effect of self-attribution in the context of VR gaming, intensifying players' emotional responses to moral dilemmas. The results suggest that VR game designers should consider the moral implications of game narratives and character actions to create more emotionally engaging and ethically reflective gaming experiences. These insights have significant implications for VR game design and ethics, promoting greater ethical sensitivity among players.

INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE USING ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR

Human resources (HR) are one of the important assets in an organization consisting of individuals who work to achieve common goals. The research method in this study is a quantitative method, the sample size is 50 employees. The aim of the research is to determine respondents' responses about cultural intelligence, emotional intelligence on employee performance at the South Medan Upt Samsat Office using Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an intervening variable. The R2 value is 0.72, which means that 72% of the OCB variables and employee performance can be explained by the cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence variables, while the remaining 28% can be explained by other factors outside this research. The z value for the cultural intelligence variable is 2.10 and because The z value obtained was 2.10 > 1.96 (5% level, namely 1.96), proving that cultural intelligence is able to mediate the relationship between the influence of work morale on employee performance. JEL Classification: M10, M14

A study on academic dishonesty among English as a foreign language students

Academic dishonesty is prevalent and has unfortunately become normalized in post-secondary institutions worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic more than two years ago led to an increase in cheating and confrontation of instructors with academic honesty. The main objective of this study was to create an explicative model according to the levels of morality, pragmatism, and gender. Researchers applied an online questionnaire to 735 anonymous university students. Analysis showed that participants were less honest in morality than in pragmatism, but the average value was very close for both dimensions. A substantial number of students with low and moderate levels of dishonesty were observed in both moral and pragmatic contexts. The initial hypothesis was partially validated, as the level of morality was associated with the level of pragmatism rather than gender, indicating a direct albeit moderate impact of pragmatism on morality. We confirmed the second hypothesis, showing the influence of gender and morality on the level of pragmatism. Participants suggested that English as a Foreign Language instructors should modify their approach, account for ethical considerations, offer extra classes, revise teaching and evaluation methods, and sanction students who cheat. Surprisingly, results show a slight tendency for lower honesty in morality compared to pragmatism. Despite honest behaviors, it is essential to address gender differences and promote academic honesty through education, policies, and a culture of honesty.

The Influence of Recruitment Strategy, Employee Morale, and Compensation Packages on Talent Acquisition in Technology Companies in Indonesia

This study examines the effect of recruitment strategy, employee morale, and compensation package on talent acquisition in technology companies in Indonesia through a quantitative analysis. Data were collected from 150 employees using a structured questionnaire, and analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results indicate significant positive relationships between recruitment strategy, employee morale, compensation package, and talent acquisition. Effective recruitment strategies, positive employee morale, and competitive compensation packages are crucial for attracting and retaining top talent in the technology sector. The findings provide practical implications for organizations to optimize talent acquisition practices and enhance organizational performance in the digital age.

Morality or competence is more important? The effect of evaluation dimensions on ERP responses to neutral faces depends on contextual valence and self-relevance

Recent studies have shown that the processing of neutral facial expressions could be modulated by the valence and self-relevance of preceding verbal evaluations. However, these studies have not distinguished the dimension (i.e., morality and competence) from verbal evaluations. In fact, there is a hot controversy about whether morality or competence receives more weight. Therefore, using the ERP technique, the current study aimed to address this issue by comparing the influence of morality and competence evaluations on behavioral and neural responses to neutral facial expressions when these evaluations varied with contextual valence and self-relevance. Our ERP results revealed that the early EPN amplitudes were larger for neutral faces after receiving evaluations about self relative to evaluations about senders. Moreover, the EPN was more negative after a competence evaluation relative to a morality evaluation when these evaluations were positive, while this effect was absent when these evaluations were negative. The late LPP was larger after a morality evaluation compared to a competence evaluation when these evaluations were negative and directed to self. However, no significant LPP effect between morality and competence evaluations was observed when these evaluations were positive. The present study extended previous studies by showing that early and late processing stages of faces are affected by the evaluation dimension in a top-down manner and further modulated by contextual valence and self-relevance.