Influence Of Lignosulfonate Research Articles

Cyclic undrained properties of stabilised expansive clay with lignosulfonate

ABSTRACT In this work, the influence of lignosulfonate (LS), which is a by-product of timber and paper industries, on the cyclic characteristics of expansive clay was investigated by conducting cyclic triaxial tests. Test findings showed that cyclic stress ratio (CSR) substantially influenced liquefaction resistance of treated soil samples such that, at CSR = 0.2, none of the specimens were liquefied, whereas, at CSR = 0.4, all of the specimens were liquefied. Furthermore, liqueaction resistance was enhanced by decreasing the sample moisture content. Due to a stabilisation effect, the secant shear modulus increased by up to about 64%, and the damping ratio decreased by up to about 22%.

Preparation and Properties of Hydrogels Based on Lignosulfonate and Its Efficiency of Drug Delivery

AbstractThe preparation of hydrogels for excellent sustained‐release drugs has been a focus of extensive research. In this study, lignosulfonate (LS), a kind of byproduct of papermaking, was used as a natural polymer material, acrylamide (AM) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomers, N, N’‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide (MBA) as cross‐linking agent, a novel LS‐based polymer hydrogels (LS‐PHGs) with pH‐responsive and excellent mechanical properties was successfully prepared by grafting copolymerization. The influence of LS on the grafting mechanism was investigated. We were pleasantly surprised to find that LS‐PHGs displayed a high swelling degree (over 20 g/g), a great loading capacity of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and obvious responsiveness for controlling drug release. Therefore, the obtained hydrogels has a promising prospect for drug delivery with excellent drug‐controlled release.

Deformation Behavior of Lignosulfonate-Treated Sandy Silt under Cyclic Loading

AbstractAlthough many traditional soil stabilizers (e.g., lime, cement, gypsum, and fly ash) have been widely and effectively used for ground improvement, they often adversely affect the surrounding soil and groundwater environment. Moreover, traditionally treated soils have shown excessive brittle behavior, especially under cyclic loads, which is often undesirable for structures such as rail embankments and airport runways. To establish an alternative stabilizer that could overcome these problems, this paper presents the results of a series of cyclic triaxial tests on the use of lignosulfonate (a by-product of the timber industry), an environmentally friendly soil stabilizer effective for treating fine sandy silt that formed the bulk of the embankment fill at Penrith, Australia. The influence of lignosulfonate on the stress-strain behavior, resilient modulus, and excess pore pressure development of the treated soil is discussed.

Influence of lignosulfonate on the early age rheology and hydration characteristics of cement pastes

Four different cements made from gypsum mixed with clinkers possessing varying amounts of clinker phases were employed to investigate the influence of lignosulfonate on the early age rheological and hydration properties of cement pastes. Two test methods were employed; the parallel plate rheometry and isothermal calorimetry. Here, lignosulfonate was quantitatively shown to impact the early age hydration of cement pastes depending on the C3A and C3S compositions, in the respective order. A threshold amount of ~4.6% C3A is needed to sufficiently impair the performance of lignosulfonate at normal working dosages (0.4% bwoc). When high amounts of C3A was present (~10%), flash set of the cement paste occurred even at the low dosage of 0.2% bwoc of lignosulfonate. When cement possessed low amount of C3A, lignosulfonate mainly retarded the hydration of C3S, but this effect decreased when the C3S was doped with Al.

Influence of lignosulfonate on crystal structure and productivity of bacterial cellulose in a static culture

The influence of lignosulfonate on bacterial cellulose (BC) structure and productivity was studied using six strains of Gluconacetobacter xylinus (= Acetobacter xylinum) (ATCC 10245, IFO 13693, 13772, 13773, 14815 and 15237). The BC productivity of all strains was improved almost 57% in the presence of (1%, w/v) lignosulfonate. FT-IR result showed that the BC produced in the presence of lignosulfonate displayed the higher crystallinity index and I α-rich cellulose. Furthermore, X-ray diffractogram confirmed the FT-IR results and showed no remarkable change in d-spacing. From CP/MAS 13C NMR spectra, the amorphous region in the presence of lignosulfonate was relatively lower, that means the lignosulfonate enhanced the crystallinity of BC. These results indicate that the increase in the BC yield is due to the inhibition of gluconic acid formation in the presence of the antioxidant, polyphenolic compounds in the lignosulfonate.

WITHDRAWN: Influence of Lignosulfonate on Structure and Productivity of Bacterial Cellulose in a Static Culture

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in EMT , Volume 40 (2006) 4–8, doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.07.037 . The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.