Influence Of Hydrogen Sulfide Research Articles

The influence of hydrogen sulfide on gingival wound healing: An invitro study.

Flowchart and timeline (in hours) of the invitro experimental procedures.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on Adsorption Storage of Methane by Activated Carbon

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on Adsorption Storage of Methane by Activated Carbon

Influence of hydrogen sulfide on gas-water interface in underground hydrogen storage: A molecular dynamics study

In this study, we investigate the dynamics of interfacial tension (IFT) between residual pore water and gas mixtures containing H2, CH4, and H2S within subsurface porous media, essential for underground hydrogen storage (UHS) systems. Utilizing molecular dynamics simulations, we established specific IFT correlations across a spectrum of H2S concentrations, ranging from 5 % to 80 %, under the conditions of 14.5 MPa and 343 K. Our results demonstrate a marked decrease in IFT, with a notable 12 % reduction observed even at a minimal H2S concentration of 5 % for H2S-H2 mixtures, contrasting with a 6 % reduction in H2S-CH4 mixtures, and reaching a saturation point at concentrations exceeding 80 %. The presence of CH4 at the interface mitigates the reduction in IFT caused by H2S, underscoring the complexity of gas interactions in subsurface storage. These insights into the molecular dynamics at the gas-water interface carry significant implications for the optimization of UHS operations, informed by the substantial variations in IFT with different H2S concentrations.

Influence of hydrogen sulphide on the corrosion and hydrogenation of 07Cr16Ni6 steel

The effect of hydrogen sulphide concentration on the corrosion behaviour of 07Cr16Ni6 austenitic-martensitic stainless steel in a 5% NaCl + 0.5% CH3COOH solution was studied to determine the role of H2S in the corrosion product formation and corrosion mechanism. Unstable passivation of steel is detected in a solution containing <100 mg/dm3 H2S. Steel corrodes in an electrochemically active state at >100 mg/dm3 H2S. When the pitting potential is reached, pitting damage occurs at the grain boundaries. The corrosion rate decreases by ∼five times after exposition for 720 h due to the formation of nickel and iron sulphides on the surface. Corrosion is accompanied by the absorption of 4.2–17.5 ppm hydrogen, 62…70% of which is diffusible and can cause hydrogen embrittlement. The scheme of steel corrosion under the influence of different concentrations of hydrogen sulphide is proposed.

The Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Optical Properties of Planetary Organic Hazes: Implications for Exoplanet Climate Modeling

Planetary organic hazes can play a significant role in influencing a planet’s radiative balance and climate, with their impact determined by the optical properties of the haze. The optical properties, in turn, are partly influenced by particle composition. Our previous work, Reed et al., demonstrated that trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in haze chemistry can substantially affect the haze’s composition by generating organosulfur compounds and increasing the amount of organic haze produced. However, no study has measured the optical properties of an H2S-influenced organic haze. Here we present results from laboratory experiments measuring the real (scattering, n) and imaginary (absorbing, k) refractive indices of haze analogs produced from photochemistry of gas mixtures composed of 0.1% CH4 and variable H2S (0–10 ppmv) in N2. The optical properties of the aerosol produced were measured in real-time using coupled photoacoustic and cavity ring-down spectroscopy with 405 and 532 nm wavelengths of light. Our findings show that the total extinction of light (scattering plus absorption) by the aerosol increases as a function of H2S mixing ratio. We provide our best-fit equations for predicting n and k at 405 and 532 nm as a function of the sulfur to carbon molar ratio (S:C) of the precursor gas mixture. Further, we demonstrate how these changes in optical properties could alter the transmittance of 405 and 532 nm light through a haze layer. These results have potential implications for modeling the climate, habitability, and spectra for exoplanets exhibiting organic haze.

Construction of sulfur-free gel breaker agent system and investigation on gel-breaking mechanism for association fracturing fluid

ABSTRACT Sulfur is usually contained in existing gel breaker systems for fracturing fluids, which leads to the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas. In the process of fracturing development. The presence of hydrogen sulfide gas would cause equipment corrosion and environmental pollution. In this paper, a system of sulfur-free gel breaker agents for association fracturing fluid was constructed by evaluating the gel-forming and breaking properties of the fracturing fluid applied with this formula. The results showed that the combinations of 0.02% chlorine dioxide and 0.12% to 0.2% citric acid were chosen as the sulfur-free gel breaker formulas at 80 to 100°C. The polymer molecular chains were broken by synergistic effects of low concentration chlorine dioxide and citric acid to reduce the viscosity of association fracturing fluid, achieving gel-breaking. Simultaneously, the influence of hydrogen sulfide on the development process could be inhibited through bactericidal and oxidation actions of chlorine dioxide. The viscosity of the sulfur-free fracturing fluid remains above 50 mPa·s within 60 minutes, the value of the flow regime index was between 0.2593 and 0.3125, and the settling rate in this system was 0.024 to 0.042 mm/s. The temperature resistance, shear resistance, rheological properties, and sand carrying capacity of the sulfur-free fracturing fluid were not inferior to that of the conventional fracturing fluids, which guaranteed the effect of fracturing reformation. This study is of great significance to not only the development of environmental-friendly fracturing fluid but also the prevention and control of toxic and harmful gases, promoting sustainable development of oilfields.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Carbon-Dioxide Corrosion and the Mechanical Characteristics of High-Strength Pipe Steel

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Carbon-Dioxide Corrosion and the Mechanical Characteristics of High-Strength Pipe Steel

The influence of hydrogen sulfide on internal pressure strength of carbon steel production casing in the gas well

The production casing strength design of gas well containing hydrogen sulfide is deeply complicated because of corrosion and hydrogen damage increase. In general, API 5C3: 2018 yield strength design criterion is the main standard to calculate casing string strength that satisfies casing materials selection. There are two kinds of production casing materials C110 and P110SS in the experiment, according to API 5C3: 2018 yield strength design criterion combining with fracture toughness measured by NACE TM0177: 2016 method D (Double Cantilever Beam Test) to evaluate casing string internal pressure strength. The relationship between fracture toughness and internal pressure strength is discussed in the room environment, NACE Standard TM0177-2016 Test Solution D and the special sour environment containing hydrogen sulfide with annuals protection solution. The results show that the fracture toughness of production casing string decreases with the severity of harsh environments. Thus, annulus protection fluid has a positive effect on improving the internal pressure strength of the production casing that enhances wellbore integrity performance to resist the sour environment risk. These research results can provide an important reference for strength design and specification optimization of carbon steel production casing in the gas well with hydrogen sulfide.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide Containing Atmospheres on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) may be fuelled by a variety of fuels such as natural gas, oil-derived gases and liquids, pure ammonia, and synthesis gases from coal and biomass gasification. This is possible mainly due to the high operating temperature (600-1000 ℃) enabling the SOFC to both internally reform light hydrocarbons and electrochemically oxidize CO in addition to hydrogen. In this work, the effect of hydrogen sulfide content in a hydrogenous atmosphere on the structure, physical, and mechanical properties of SOFC anode materials has been studied.

The influence of hydrogen sulfide on the structural characteristics of leukocytes mitochondrial apparatus in patients with arterial hypertension

One of the leading causes of arterial hypertension (AH) is mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) – moreover, disorders in regulation of blood pressure occur on the background of progressive energy deficiency. At the same time, the cardioprotective effect of H2S has been proven. In particular, the inhibition of mitochondrial pore opening by hydrogen sulfide plays an important role, and H2S should affect the structural component of MD, namely, the ultrastructure of mitochondria. However, at present, the question of structural changes in the mitochondrial apparatus in patients with hypertension is extremely insufficiently studied. For the study of MD in healthy people and patients with pathology, almost the only objects (in the absence of surgical intervention) are blood cells, in particular leukocytes. Based on the above, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a hydrogen sulfide donor on the ultrastructure of the mitochondrial apparatus of leukocytes in patients with arterial hypertension. The effect of a hydrogen sulfide donor on some ultrastructural characteristics of the leukocyte mitochondrial apparatus in patients with hypertension was studied. The examination involved patients (men) with arterial hypertension aged 30-60 years, who were divided into 2 age groups: 30-40 and 40-60 years. Control groups (healthy men without signs of hypertension) were randomized by age. An electron microscopic and morphometric assessment of the structure of mitochondria revealed that under hypertension it undergoes significant changes that depend on the age of the patients. It has been established that the addition of a hydrogen sulfide donor (Full Spectrum Garlic phytopreparation (Swanson Health Products, USA) at a dose of 400 mg per day) to the traditional therapy of hypertension leads to positive changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of the studied cells aimed at increasing the energy capacity of the mitochondrial apparatus – the quantity reduction of structurally damaged mitochondria, and with an increase in the duration of treatment – the increase their total number in people of the younger age group (by 57.5%), and in the older age group – by 53.7%. Thus, the indicated effect of H2S significantly depends both on the age of the patients (young people respond more intensively) and on the duration of the hydrogen sulfide donor using (long-term use is accompanied by a more pronounced positive dynamics of changes).

Influence of hydrogen sulfide on the efficiency of xenon recovery from natural gas by gas hydrate crystallisation

A mathematical simulation of the gas hydrate formation based on a gas mixture approximated to natural gas composition – CH4+H2S + CO2+Xe at a normalized increase in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentration in gas mixture from 3.08·10−4 vol.% to 4.88 vol.%, at changes in the gas hydrate formation temperatures from 273.15 K to 283.15 K. It is shown that xenon (Xe) distribution coefficient decreases from 12.37 to 5.90, and is more dependent on the change in H2S concentration than on the change in the gas hydrate formation temperature. Effective Xe recovery from natural gas at the gas hydrate formation temperature is 273.15 K, and at a minimum impurity concentration with a dissociation pressure close to Xe.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Corrosion-Electrochemical Properties of 20 Steel with Coatings Based on Zinc and Aluminum

We study the corrosion of a hot-dip zinc coating and arc-sprayed aluminum and zinc coatings in chloride- acetate solutions and model seawater saturated with hydrogen sulfide. It is shown that, in chloride–acetate solutions, hydrogen sulfide promotes an increase in the corrosion rate of 20 steel by more than an order of magnitude. For the hot-dip zinc coatings, hydrogen sulfide does not change the corrosion rate, whereas for the arc-sprayed coatings, it decreases the corrosion rate by a factor of ∼ 5. The saturation of model seawater with hydrogen sulfide decreases the corrosion rate of 20 steel by a factor of ∼ 7 and the corrosion rate of the hot-dip zinc coating by a factor of ∼ 1.4 but does not affect the corrosion rate of the arc-sprayed coating. The insoluble corrosion product of zinc, namely, its sulfide, does not passivate these coatings. Hydrogen sulfide leads to an insignificant increase in the corrosion rate of the arc-sprayed aluminum coating both in a chloride–acetate solution and in model seawater. Its values are 3–7 times lower than for 20 steel, which indicates the possibility of application of the coatings based on aluminum for the corrosion protection of steels in hydrogen-sulfide-containing media.

The Analysis of the Influence of Various Factors on the Development of Stress Corrosion Defects in the Main Gas Pipeline Walls in the Conditions of the European Part of the Russian Federation

This paper considers the factors influencing the formation and development of stress corrosion defects detected during the inspection and overhaul of the main gas pipeline section. The surveyed gas pipeline is made of large diameter steel pipes made by controlled rolling, produced by various companies, with the predominance of pipes produced by the Khartsyzsk Pipe Plant (KhPP). The correlation between the geometric parameters of defects is described, which makes it possible to estimate the depth of cracks by external parameters. Mechanical tests by cyclic loading of samples containing cracks, based on the site operation data for the last 11 years, showed no crack growth in the absence of a corrosive medium. Micro-X-ray spectral analysis of metal and corrosion products showed no trace of the influence of hydrogen sulphide and nonmetallic inclusions (sulphides) on the development process of SCC. According to the results of the research, the process of development of stress corrosion on the main gas pipelines located in the European part of the Russian Federation is described. The organization operating the gas pipeline is recommended to take into consideration the results of this work during drawing up their repair plan.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide and Redox Reactions on the Surface Properties and Hydrogen Permeability of Pd Membranes

Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was always a negative factor leading to the reduction of hydrogen permeability of palladium (Pd) membranes, its proper application could result in a positive effect. In this study, pure Pd membranes were firstly reacted with H2S at 23–450 °C, and then treated by redox reactions. Afterwards, the hydrogen permeability was tested under different reaction conditions using a hydrogen penetrant testing device. Moreover, both products and morphology changes occurred on the Pd membrane surface were analyzed using XRD, XPS and SEM. The results showed that H2S was dissociated to produce sulfides at 23 °C. With a rise of temperature, a regular change took place in the reaction products, morphology of the Pd membrane surface and hydrogen permeability. Adsorbed impurities such as sulfides and free carbon on the Pd membrane surface were removed by the redox treatment. The hydrogen permeability was improved by about 80% for the Pd membrane material subjected to the treatment method stated the above against the untreated one.

Partitioning of Lead and Lead Compounds under Gasification-Like Conditions

An investigation of the chemical form, the concentration, and distribution of lead species between the gas and condensed phase was carried out under gasification-like conditions. The influence of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, and steam on the speciation of lead was studied. The gaseous species were determined online by molecular-beam-mass-spectrometry. The condensates were analyzed by standard methods. The dominant chemical forms were metallic Pb, PbCl2, and PbS. The experimental data were compared with the results of thermodynamic Scheil–Gulliver cooling calculations. Further, the experimental data was used as an input for a pseudoequilibrium model aiming at the determination of kinetic information on the underlying transformations.

Role of Cyclic Nucleotides in the Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Contractions of Rat Jejunum.

We studied the role of cyclic nucleotides in the influence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 200 μM), on motor activity of rat jejunum. NaHS reduced spontaneous and carbachol-induced contractions of rat jejunum segment, which suggests that H2S can act through mechanisms involving muscarinic receptor activation. Against the background of a membrane-penetrating non-hydrolyzable cAMP analogue or under conditions of adenylate cyclase blockade, the inhibitory effect of NaHS on the carbachol-induced contractions was maintained. Against the background of elevated cGMP concentration or guanylate cyclase inhibition, the reduction of carbachol-induced contractions upon exposure to NaHS was less pronounced than in control. It was hypothesized that H2S induces relaxation of carbachol-induced jejunum contractions, affecting protein kinase G targets or activating cGMP synthesis.

Application of the Magnetoelastic Acoustic Emission for the Corrosion Investigations of Steels

We perform the experimental investigation of the influence of hydrogen sulfide on the signals of magnetoelastic acoustic emission (MAE). The action of hydrogen-sulfide media on the parameters of МАЕ signals of reversely magnetized specimens of 15 steel and 2 steel after holding in these media for 173 h at room temperature is investigated. The degraded structure of the material causes a decrease in the mobility of non-180° domain walls because the number of their pinning centers increases and, as a result, the sum of amplitudes of the MAE signals in damaged specimens decreases.

Возможные сигнальные посредники влияния сероводорода на теплоустойчивость растительных клеток

Возможные сигнальные посредники влияния сероводорода на теплоустойчивость растительных клеток

Influence of hydrogen sulfide on zymogen activation of homocysteine-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 in H9C2 cardiocytes.

To observe the influence of different concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the secretion and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in cardiocytes so as to search for new ways to fight against myocardial tissue fibrosis. Cardiocytes H9C2 was cultured invitro and different concentrations of Hcy and H2S were added for 6-h and 24-h cultivation. MTT cell proliferation assay was applied to test the activation change of cardiocytes H9C2 after affecting by different concentrations of Hcy and H2S. ELISA and MTT were employed to detect the expression and enzymatic activity of MMP-2. The H9C2 cell inhibition of activity was more significant with 1000μmol/L of Hcy as compared with other concentrations (P<0.001). With 2.5-100.0μmol/L Hcy and 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0mmol/L H2S, the activity of H9C2 did not change significantly (P>0.05). Hcy with concentrations of 10, 50 and 100μmol/L could increase the quantity of MMP-2 secreted by cardiocytes H9C2, and the interaction strength was concentration-dependent (P<0.05). After interacting with 100μmol/L of Hcy for 6h, the zymogen activation effect of MMP-2 was stronger than that of the 2.5-25μmol/L group (P<0.05). After interacting with Hcy and H2S (1.0mmol/L) for 6h and 24h, the activation effect of MMP-2 was stronger than those interacted with 10, 25, 50 and 100μmol/L of Hcy (P<0.05). Hcy can increase the production of MMP-2 secreted by H9C2 cell and improve its zymogen activation. Besides, the interaction strength is concentration-dependent; while H2S can up-regulate the activation of MMP-2 and co-promote the activation of MMP-2 with Hcy as well.

Influence of hydrogen sulfide on the intestinal biological barrier of rats with severe burn injury

To explore the influence of hydrogen sulfide on the intestinal biological barrier, by applying exogenous hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide synthase inhibitor for the treatment of rats with severe burn injury. One hundred and four SD rats were divided into sham injury (SI, n = 8), burn control (BC, n = 32), sodium hydrosulfide (SH, n = 32), and propargylglycine groups (PPG, n = 32) according to the random number table. Rats in group SI were sham injured without fluid resuscitation. Rats in the latter 3 groups were inflicted with 30% TBSA full-thickness scald (referred to as burn below) on the back and intraperitoneally injected with 40 mL/kg balanced salt solution immediately after injury. Rats in groups SH and PPG were respectively intraperitoneally injected with SH (56 µmol/kg) and PPG (45 mg/kg) within 1 hour post injury. From post injury day (PID) 2, SH (56 µmol/kg) and PPG (45 mg/kg) were respectively intraperitoneally injected once a day to rats in groups SH and PPG. Eight rats from groups BC, SH, and PPG were sacrificed on PID 2, 7, 14 and 21, and ceca samples were collected. Ceca samples were added to the appropriate culture medium after being homogenized and diluted, for the culture of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Candida albicans. The content of bacteria was calculated after the bacteria number was counted. The same procedure was performed for rats in group SI. Data were processed with logarithmic function, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of variance of factorial design, and SNK-q test. On each PID, the content of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the ceca of each group with burned rats was less than that of group SI (with q values from 4.12 to 20.74, P values below 0.05); while the content of Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Candida albicans was more than that of group SI (with q values from 2.84 to 68.29, P values below 0.05). Compared with that of group BC, the content of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the ceca of rats in group SH were increased on each PID (with q values from 2.88 to 17.57, P values below 0.05). In group SH, the content of Bifidobacterium peaked as (6.54 ± 0.35) lg (CFU/g) on PID 7, the content of Lactobacillus peaked as (7.25 ± 0.71) lg (CFU/g) on PID 21. Compared with that of group BC, the content of Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Candida albicans in the ceca of rats in group SH was reduced on each PID (with q values from 2.79 to 29.59, P values below 0.05). Compared with that of group BC, the content of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the ceca of rats in group PPG was decreased on each PID (with q values from 2.82 to 46.56, P values below 0.05); while the content of Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Candida albicans was significantly increased on each PID (with q values from 2.93 to 41.42, P values below 0.05). In group PPG, the content of Enterococcus peaked as (9.41 ± 0.22) lg (CFU/g) on PID 21, the content of Enterobacter peaked as (9.96 ± 0.24) lg (CFU/g) on PID 14, and that of Candida albicans peaked as (3.94 ± 0.84) lg (CFU/g) on PID 14. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide can subdue the growth of pathogenic bacteria while promote that of probiotics, thus helping maintain the integrity of intestinal biological barrier of rats with burn injury.