Abstract
One of the leading causes of arterial hypertension (AH) is mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) – moreover, disorders in regulation of blood pressure occur on the background of progressive energy deficiency. At the same time, the cardioprotective effect of H2S has been proven. In particular, the inhibition of mitochondrial pore opening by hydrogen sulfide plays an important role, and H2S should affect the structural component of MD, namely, the ultrastructure of mitochondria. However, at present, the question of structural changes in the mitochondrial apparatus in patients with hypertension is extremely insufficiently studied. For the study of MD in healthy people and patients with pathology, almost the only objects (in the absence of surgical intervention) are blood cells, in particular leukocytes. Based on the above, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a hydrogen sulfide donor on the ultrastructure of the mitochondrial apparatus of leukocytes in patients with arterial hypertension. The effect of a hydrogen sulfide donor on some ultrastructural characteristics of the leukocyte mitochondrial apparatus in patients with hypertension was studied. The examination involved patients (men) with arterial hypertension aged 30-60 years, who were divided into 2 age groups: 30-40 and 40-60 years. Control groups (healthy men without signs of hypertension) were randomized by age. An electron microscopic and morphometric assessment of the structure of mitochondria revealed that under hypertension it undergoes significant changes that depend on the age of the patients. It has been established that the addition of a hydrogen sulfide donor (Full Spectrum Garlic phytopreparation (Swanson Health Products, USA) at a dose of 400 mg per day) to the traditional therapy of hypertension leads to positive changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of the studied cells aimed at increasing the energy capacity of the mitochondrial apparatus – the quantity reduction of structurally damaged mitochondria, and with an increase in the duration of treatment – the increase their total number in people of the younger age group (by 57.5%), and in the older age group – by 53.7%. Thus, the indicated effect of H2S significantly depends both on the age of the patients (young people respond more intensively) and on the duration of the hydrogen sulfide donor using (long-term use is accompanied by a more pronounced positive dynamics of changes).
Highlights
In the scientific literature of recent years, much attention has been paid to low molecular weight signaling molecules, which are generally referred to as NO and CO .Much later, it was found that H S belongs to them [2, 6, 228]
Materials and methods Investigation of the ultrastructure of the mitochondrial apparatus of leukocytes was performed in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension aged 30-60 years, which were divided into 2 age groups: 1) 30-40 years; 2) 40-60 years
The latter consisted of the exogenous addition of hydrogen sulfide donor to the therapy of 400 mg/day, which was contained in a herbal drug Full Spectrum Garlic (Swanson Health Products, using the Image Tool (USA))
Summary
In the scientific literature of recent years, much attention has been paid to low molecular weight signaling molecules, which are generally referred to as NO and CO .Much later, it was found that H S belongs to them [2, 6, 228]. In the scientific literature of recent years, much attention has been paid to low molecular weight signaling molecules, which are generally referred to as NO and CO. It is believed that the main biological effects of H S include the regulation of vascular tone, contractile activity of the myocardium, participation in long-term synaptic potentiation, pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions, regulation of insulin secretion, etc. Like NO and CO, it relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, decreases blood pressure and heart rate [21, 22, 23]. There is a direct correlation between the severity of the disease and the level of hydrogen sulfide in the blood: the more severe hypertension is, the greater is the deficit of hydrogen sulfide [2]
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