Influence Of Gamma Radiation Research Articles

The influence of gamma-radiation on the structure and characteristics of the surface of phosphate titanium

The influence of gamma-radiation on the structure and characteristics of the surface of phosphate titanium

Synthesis of polymer ion-exchange hydrogels under γ - irradiation 60Co

We have reported earlier about the modification of ion-exchange hydrogel under the influence of gamma radiation. The optimal absorbed dose of irradiation had been choosen for radiation modification of polymer hydrogels by ionits to produce products with a high content of the gel - fractions and sufficient mechanical properties. The dependence of the static exchange capacity of hydrogels on the type of ionit and its fractional composition had been studied. The dependence of the static exchange capacity of the quantitative composition of the ionit in the volume of the hydrogel had been investigated. The ion-exchange medical eye lenses had been made under selected conditions of synthesis. Their sorption properties had been studied.

Does exposure of male Drosophila melanogaster to acute gamma radiation influence egg to adult development time and longevity of F1–F3 offspring?

AbstractTwo‐ to three‐day‐old male Drosophila melanogaster flies were irradiated with 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50 Gy doses of gamma radiation. The longevity and rate of development were observed for three successive generations to assess the impact of irradiation. The mean lifespan of irradiated flies was significantly increased at 1, 2 and 8 Gy, while it was vice versa for high doses at 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Paternal irradiation had an impact on F1 generation, with significantly increased mean longevity at 2 (female), 4, 6, 8 and 10 and decreased mean longevity at 40 and 50 Gy (male and female). Significant increase in the longevity was observed in the F2 generation of the 8 (male and female) and 10 Gy (male) irradiated groups, while decreased longevity was observed in F2 female progeny at 40 Gy. In the case of F3 progeny of irradiated flies, longevity did not show significant difference with the control. Paternal exposure to radiation had a significant impact on the mean egg to adult developmental time of the F1 generation; it was shortened at 2 Gy and extended at 25, 30, 40 and 50 Gy compared to the control. Mean development time at 30, 40 and 50 Gy was significantly increased in the F2 generation, while there were no significant changes in the F3 generation. The present study concludes that the effect of acute gamma irradiation on longevity and “egg to adult” development time of D. melanogaster may persist to following generations.

Efek Paparan Radiasi Gamma dan Pemberian Ekstrak Kecambah Kacang Hijau (Phaseoulus radiatus) terhadap Tingkat Kesuburan Gonad Hewan Mencit

Gamma rays is an ionizing radiation that can causes infertilities.Cell defense mechanism against free radicals are involving active compound called antioxidant. Goal of this research is aim to analyze the influence of gamma radiation and review the influence of green beansprout extract ( Phaseoulus radiatus ) in gonad fertility rate with threevariables there are motility, viability and abnormality of spermatozoa. Male mice divided into three groups, control (K), non-extract radiation (RNE), and radiation plus extract (R+E).Mice was treated orally by green bean sprout extract with several dose 0.2 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.4 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.6 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.8 mL kg-1 body weight, and 1.0 mL kg-1 body weight. Radiation was given by fractionation starting from 100 rad, 150 rad, 200 rad, 250 rad, and 300 rad.The result shows that increasing radiation dose can reducing gonad fertility rate and treatment of Phaseoulus radiatus extract can suppress this reduction and preserve gonad fertility rate.

Pengaruh Paparan Radiasi Gamma dan Pemberian Ekstrak Bagian Putih Buah Semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad) Terhadap Kesehatan Ginjal Pada Hewan Coba Mencit

Cancer is a worldwide problem. People take medication in late stadium therefore radioteraphy plays important role in healing cancer. Side effect of cancer therapy such as cancers of urethra, colon, stomach or rectum may have bad influence for kidney which causes the decrease kidney function. Goal of this research is to understand the influence of gamma radiation on urine and kidney tubules necrosis. Mice assigned into two groups, which are extract and non-extract radiation groups. Each group has five variations of radiation doses, including 200rad, 250rad, 300rad, 350rad, and 400rad. White part extract of watermelon ( Citrullus vulgaris Schrad ) also used with five variations including 0.3mL, 0.6mL, 0.9mL and 1.2mL. Non-extract radiation group was only exposed to radiation without treatment with white part extract of watermelon. Profile of kidney health can be seen from the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte after mice were put into metabolism cage for 24hours and percentage of kidney tubules necrosis observed under Microscope BX-51 and analyzed with Ms.Excel. Result of research concludes that gamma radiation increase epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte in urine, and kidney tubules necrosis. White part extract of watermelon can improve kidney health by reducing the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte leukocyte and kidney tubules necrosis of mouse.

The Influence of Gamma Radiation on Magnetic Properties of Fe3O4, Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4, Co0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 Ferrite Magnetic Materials

The influence of radiation on magnetic material has been investigated in many researches which had proved that the magnetic properties of hard magnetic were unchangeable under radiation effect[1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6].In this work, we performed the study of the influence of gamma radiation on Fe3O4, Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4, Co0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4. The60Co gamma radiation was emitted on ferrite magnetic materials with doses 1000, 1500, 2000 kGy. Analyzing magnetic properties of the materials before and after emitting by Walker Automatic Hysteresisgraphs AMH 20-50. The change of (B-H) loop is insignificant. Our work agrees well with the result of[1][2][3][4].

Modulation of pomegranate peel colourant characteristics for textile dyeing using high energy radiations

The present study was concerned with extraction of natural colourants from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) rind powder and characterization of extracted dye under the influence of gamma radiations. Both dyeing powder and silk fabric were exposed to different absorbed doses (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40kGy) of high energy radiations using Cs-137 gamma irradiator. Aqueous, alkali and alcohol solubilized extracts were obtained from un-irradiated and irradiated pomegranate rind powders. Aluminium, copper, chromium and tannic acid (2–10% each) were employed to improve colour strength of extracted dye. Exposure of pomegranate peel colourant and silk fabric to gamma radiation greatly improved the extraction and dyeing process by reducing material to liquor ratio, dyeing time, dyeing temperature and salt concentration. Gamma ray treatments also had strong influence on colour strength and fastness characteristics of silk fabrics dyed with irradiated pomegranate peel. Gamma ray treatment of 40kGy was the most effective dose for colourant extraction from pomegranate peel and surface modification of silk fabric. The good colour strength was obtained by dyeing silk with pomegranate peel fabrics at 50°C for 40min, keeping dye bath pH at 6.0 with salt concentration of 10g/L. The result from mordanting experiments indicated that 10% of aluminium as pre-mordant and 10% of tannic acid as post-mordant were the best to enhance colour strength of extracted dye. It was also observed that gamma ray treated pomegranate rind had a good potential to alternate yellow and golden synthetic dyes in textile industry.

Luminescence enhancement by gamma irradiation of nanocomposites for UV dosimetry devices

The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of gamma radiation on a material constituted by a photonic complex used in a UV dosimetry device embedded in a polymeric composite with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Films of CNT-free and MWCNT-containing composites were exposed to a gamma radiation beam of 60Co. Characterization was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric curves (TGA), and luminescence spectroscopy. The results indicate that the presented self-standing hybrid films show improvements to act as a better light conversion molecular device (LCMD) for UV dosimetry applications. Best results are attained after 50 kGy of gamma irradiation (60Co) for CNT-free composites, and 5 kGy for MWCNT-containing films.

Gamma radiation effects on molecular characteristic of vegetable tannins

The influence of gamma radiation on tannins extracted from Pinus caribaea bark and on tannin acid has been investigated in this study with the aim of searching for evidences of structural and/or conformational changes. To fulfill this purpose, the samples of tannins, such as tannic acid and P. caribaea tannin bark, were irradiated at different doses (from 5 to 35 kGy) using a cobalt-60 gamma irradiator. The changes were analyzed by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and by high resolution liquid chromatography. The results pointed out some structural and conformational changes under the effects of gamma radiation for doses higher than 5 kGy for P. caribaea tannin bark. However, no changes were detected on the irradiated tannic acid. The observed behavior suggests the loss of carbonyl groups. This could be associated to a decarboxylation process with the corresponding release of CO2 from the molecule. Evidences of some conformational changes were also noted.

Influence of gamma radiation on the physicochemical and rheological properties of sterculia gum polysaccharides

Keeping in view the influence of gamma radiation on the physiochemical properties of the polysaccharides and their importance in the food and pharmaceutical industry, in the present study attempt has been made to investigate the effects of absorbed dose on FTIR, XRD, SEMs, absorbance, pH, solubility, water absorption capacity, emulsion stability and rheology of sterculia gum. Increase in solubility and decrease in swellability of gum has been observed on increasing the absorbed dose. The emulsion stability has improved for the gum sample irradiated with total dose of 8.1±0.2kGy. Apparent viscosity of gum solution first increased with increase in dose from 0 to 8.1±0.2kGy than decreased with regular trends with further increase in total absorbed dose. Flow behavior of gum solution shifted to Newtonian from non-Newtonian with increasing the dose.

Influence of Gamma Radiation at Low Dose on some of Mechanical Properties of (HDPE/HIPS) Blends

Influence of Gamma Radiation at Low Dose on some of Mechanical Properties of (HDPE/HIPS) Blends

Effect of the gamma radiation on histamine production, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters during storage at two different temperatures in sardine (Sardina pilchardus)

Radiation processing of fish is recognized as a safe and effective method for reducing microorganisms and viruses as well for inactivating pathogens among the existing technologies for preservation. In the present study, the effect of gamma irradiation and temperature of storage on the histamine production, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters in sardine (Sardina pilchardus, Walbaum, 1792) were investigated. Fish samples were irradiated with different doses (0 kGy, 1 kGy and 3 kGy) and monitored during the storage at two different temperatures (4 °C and 30 °C). The results indicate that histamine concentration was reduced by gamma irradiation and that the safe consumption can be prolongated for both temperatures of storage. However, irradiation treatment induced oxidative damage, as evidenced by changes in levels of lipid peroxidation, activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as in the radical kinetic rate detected by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectroscopy. These results suggest that gamma radiation undoubtedly induces antioxidant defense system in sardine fish. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the precise role that the antioxidant system plays under the influence of gamma radiation and temperature.

The Stability and Reliability of Mixed Oxide-Based Thin Film Transistors under Gamma Irradiation

This research reports the performance of low temperature fabricated indium zinc oxide (IZO) TFTs under the influence of gamma radiation. Irradiation with a dose of 1.7 Mrads resulted in a negative threshold voltage shift and degradation in the subthreshold swing. The electron mobility however increased on gamma exposure from 2.8 to 8.8 cm2/V-s. The variation in the density of interface states created and electron-hole pairs generated attribute to the change in electrical properties. Moreover, the reliable electrical behavior of IZO TFTs over a-Si:H TFTs under gamma radiation makes them a promising alternative for future applications that require radiation hard TFTs.

Influence of Gamma Radiation on Electrical Conduction of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) at Ambient Temperature

The electrical conduction in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) exposed to a gamma radiation dose of 150 kGy was investigated in the applied field range from 4 to 36 kV/mm. Samples were irradiated in air at room temperature by means of a 60Co gamma source at a dose rate of approximately 42 Gy/min. The electrical properties of virgin and irradiated materials were examined by charging and discharging current measurements. The current decays with time can be represented according to an inverse power law. The changes of dielectric behavior after irradiation were attributed to scission effects.

Gamma radiation effects in capacitance of alpha alumina doped with rare earths

This paper presents the study of the gamma radiation influence on the dielectric properties of alpha-alumina doped with rare earths. The work deals with the possibility of determine the absorbed dose by capacitance measurements of the material. The samples were synthesized by sol–gel processes and Pechini, and best dopant concentration value was determined based on data from samples that supplied better behavior for luminescence dosimetry. A decrease in capacitance values with increasing radiation doses was experimentally verified. Ionization process produced excited charges carries, which are trapped in metastable states, which can change the characteristics of the dielectric alpha-alumina sample.

Comparative analysis of influence of gamma radiation on programmable memory characteristics

The aim of this paper is to examine the reliability of erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) and electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) components subjected to the influence of gamma radiation. This problem is of considerable significance for both military industry and space technology. We present total dose results for the NM27C512 8F85 EPROM and M24128 – B W BN 5 T P EEPROM components. There is evidence that EPROM components radioactive reliability is better than that of EEPROM components. Furthermore, the changes EPROM's undergoes are reversible, so that after erasing process and reprogramming all EPROM components are fully functional. On the other hand, EEPROM's changes are irreversible and when subjected to the influence of gamma radiation, all EEPROM components become permanently nonfunctional. The obtained results are analyzed and explained via the interaction of gamma radiation with oxide layers.

Influence of gamma radiation on compatibilized LLDPE/magnesium hydroxide/sepiolite composites

AbstractThe influence of gamma irradiation on the properties of compatibilized linear low‐density polyethylene/magnesium hydroxide (MH)/sepiolite composites has been investigated. Vinyl triethoxy silane and maleated polyethylene have been used as compatibilizers. The compatibilizing effect in the composites is confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectra, which showed the presence of additional chemical bonds, which are responsible for the enhanced polymer‐filler interaction. As a result, the miscibility of the polar additives into the nonpolar polymer matrix is enhanced. The scanning electron micrographs revealed that the additives are well embedded and uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix without any voids. The known thermal decomposition temperature of MH (∼ 350°C) is also increased in the compatibilized composites. In addition, 150 kGy irradiated composite showed a remarkable improvement of 37°C in the onset degradation temperature of unirradiated composite. Furthermore, the formation of radiation crosslinked structure in the composites also improved the mechanical properties of the composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Gamma radiation influence on technological characteristics of wheat flour

This study aimed at determining the influence of gamma radiation on technological characteristics of wheat (Triticum sativum) flour and physical properties of pan breads made with this flour. The bread formulation included wheat flour, water, milk, salt, sugar, yeast and butter. The α-amylase activity of wheat flour irradiated with 1, 3 and 9kGy in a Gammacell 220 (AECL), one day, five days and one month after irradiation was evaluated. Deformation force, height and weight of breads prepared with the irradiated flour were also determined. The enzymatic activity increased—reduction of falling number time—as radiation dose increased, their values being 397s (0kGy), 388s (1kGy), 343s (3kGy) and 293s (9kGy) respectively, remaining almost constant over the period of one month. Pan breads prepared with irradiated wheat flour showed increased weight. Texture analysis showed that bread made of irradiated flour presented an increase in maximum deformation force. The results indicate that wheat flour ionizing radiation processing may confer increased enzymatic activity on bread making and depending on the irradiation dose, an increase in weight, height and deformation force parameters of pan breads made of it.

Influence of gamma radiation on the second-order optical sceptibilities and piezoelectricity of the Rb1-xKxTiOPO4 single crystals

We have performed nonlinear optical and piezoelectric studies of the Rb 1–x K x TiOPO 4 (RKTP) (with x = 0.01 and 0.002) single crystals irradiated by γ -quanta at power 1.23 Gy. We have found that for non-irradiated samples with x = 0.01 the effective second-order susceptibilities determined from the powder-like micrometer samples were less than for x = 0.02 and the effective values of the second-order susceptibilities for 1064 nm were equal to 3.12 pm/V (x =0 .002)nd 2.56 pm/V (x = 0.01). After the gamma irradiation the corresponding values were equal to 2.45 pm/V and 2.78 pm/V, respectively. Moreover, for the samples with x = 0.01 one can observe the occurrence of the damage at laser energy density equal to about several J/cm 2 . Such effect is absent for the pure KTP crystals and may be a consequence of substantial role of the intrinsic defects caused by insertion of potassium ions in the positions of the rubidium cations. At the same time the piezoelectrical constants show an opposite behavior with respect to the SHG.

The influence of gamma radiation on polarization mode dispersion of fibers applied in communications

The fiber optics technology is constantly being developed, and is becoming an essential component of contemporary communications, medicine and industry. Fibers, their connections and system components play a major role in optical signal transmission, telecommunications, power transmission, and sensing processes using fiber technology. The two main light propagation characteristics of an optical fiber are attenuation and dispersion. The possibility of controling these parameters is of utmost importance for obtaining the requested transmission quality. This paper reports on an investigation to determine the influence of gamma radiation of 60Co on the variation of optical fiber propagation parameters, such as polarization mode dispersion. In addition, it also considers chosen topics in the field of fiber optics technology.