Influence Of Demographic Factors Research Articles

Role of Demographic Factors on Emotional Intelligence of Tribhuvan University’s Faculty Members

The main objective of this study is to examine the role of demographic factors (age, marital status, education, service year, designation, and income)in the level of emotional intelligence of faculty members. The population of the study is faculty members of the central campus of Tribhuvan Univesity and its constituent campuses situated in Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Lalitpur districts. The structured questionnaire was distributed to the one hundred and six faculty members to get information regarding the influence of demographic factors on emotional intelligence. The questions related to emotional intelligence were based on the Goleman model (1998). The analytical research design was used by applying statistical tests like frequency, percentage, and one-way ANOVA for analyzing the data. The result revealed that demographic factors like age, education, service year, designation, and income influence emotional intelligence while marital status and gender do not. Some limitations and scope for future research have been discussed.

Demographics of first-time donors returning for donation during the pandemic: COVID-19 convalescent plasma versus standard blood product donors.

Previous studies have demonstrated low first-time donor return rates (DRR) following catastrophic events. Little is known, however, about the influence of demographic factors on the DRR of first-time donors during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the unique motivation of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) donors as compared to non-CCP donors. Thirteen blood collection organizations submitted deidentified data from first-time CCP and non-CCP donors returning for regular (non-CCP) donations during the pandemic. DRR was calculated as frequencies. Demographic factors associated with returning donors: race/ethnicity, gender, and generation (Gen Z: 19-24, Millennial: 25-40, Gen X: 41-56, and Boomer: ≥57 years old), within the CCP and non-CCP first-time cohorts were compared using chi-square test at p < .05 statistical significance. From March 2020 through December 2021, there were a total of 44,274 first-time CCP and 980,201 first-time non-CCP donors. DRR were 14.6% (range 11.9%-43.3%) and 46.6% (range 10.0%-76.9%) for CCP and non-CCP cohorts, respectively. Age over 40 years (Gen X and Boomers), female gender, and White race were each associated with higher return in both donor cohorts (p < .001). For the non-CCP return donor cohort, the Millennial and Boomers were comparable. The findings demonstrate differences in returning donor trends between the two donor cohorts. The motivation of a first-time CCP donor may be different than that of a non-CCP donor. Further study to improve first-time donor engagement would be worthwhile to expand the donor base with a focus on blood donor diversity emphasizing engagement of underrepresented minorities and younger donors.

The impact of the age structure of active population on agricultural activity rate: The case study of the Timok Krajina region

Abstract As agricultural activity is primarily linked to rural areas, negative demographic trends characterising them present as one of the basic factors of size and age structure changes in the agricultural population. On the other hand, the modernisation of agricultural production, combined with various stimulating mechanisms, impacts its attractiveness, thus influencing the number and age structure of agricultural producers. Change in the overall agricultural activity rate reflects these two processes, making it suitable to be analysed by quantification of effects that produce these changes by applying Das Gupta’s decomposition method. The Timok Krajina region is chosen as a characteristic example due to the recent and relatively significant rise in the overall activity rate in agriculture, in contrast to the national level, where a constant decline in this rate is present. This research focuses on the difference that occurred in the last intercensal period (between 2002 and 2011), aiming to determine the impact of changes in the age structure of the active population that performs an occupation on the change of overall activity rate in agriculture in the Timok Krajina region. The research results depict that the changes in activity rate in agriculture in the examined period almost completely occurred under the influence of demographic factors, while other factors, marked as the rate effects, had a symbolic impact.

Technology use and subjective cognitive concerns in older adults

ObjectivesHow technology impacts the day to day cognitive functioning of older adults is a matter of some debate. On the one hand, the use of technologies such as smartphones and social media, may lead to more subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) by promoting distractibility and reliance on devices to perform memory tasks. However, continued digital engagement in older adults may also be related to better cognitive functioning. Given these competing viewpoints, our study evaluated if frequency of digital device use was associated with greater or less subjective cognitive concerns. MethodParticipants were 219 adults over the age of 65 (mean age =75 years) who had internet access. Measures assessing frequency of digital device use along with SCC were administered. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to gage association between frequency of device use and SCC, controlling for relevant demographic and lifestyle factors. ResultsIncreased frequency of digital device use was associated with less SCC, over and above the influence of demographic factors, across cognitive (but especially in executive) domains. This effect was observed for general device usage, with no statistically significant associations were observed between texting/video call, social media use and SCC. DiscussionResults were broadly consistent with the technological reserve hypothesis in that digital engagement was associated with better experienced cognitive functioning in older adults. While device use may contribute to distractibility in certain cases, the current results add to a burgeoning literature that digital engagement may be a protective factor for cognitive changes with age.

Factors Affecting Digital Literacy in Young Adults

The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of demographic factors, internet use, and smartphone use on young adult digital literacy. This is a quantitative research. The research subjects were young adults aged between 18-24 years using convenience sampling so that 184 people were collected. The research instrument uses a digital literacy scale, The Questionnaire of Experiences Related to the Internet (TQERI) and The Questionnaire of Experiences Related to the Mobile Phone (TQERMP). Data collection was carried out online via Google form for 7 days in July 2022. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that partially only smartphone use had a significant effect on digital literacy (sig = .069) while internet use did not. But simultaneously, both significantly affect digital literacy (sig= .001). Both can predict 8.2% of digital literacy. The influencing demographic factor is sex, especially women who tend to have higher digital literacy than men (sig=.024, =-1.012). The demographic factor of the area of residence cannot predict the level of digital literacy (sig=.935, =-.182).&#x0D; Keywords: digital literacy, internet, smartphone, demographic

Influence of Demographic Factors on Retirement Planning and Socio-Economic Status of Civil Servants in Uganda

This study provides a Ugandan perspective on the influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and the socio-economic status of civil servants. The study collected data from 236 pensioners using a questionnaire survey. The demographic factors included gender, marital status, age, income, and educational level. Using multiple regression, the study concludes that there is a low predictive influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and socio-economic status. Only educational level and monthly income have significant influences on retirement planning and the socioeconomic status of the retirees. This study offers a solid ground for increasing civil servants’ salaries in Uganda. Also, the government may consider identifying resources for the professional development needs of civil servants.

Do Demographic Factors Influence Physicians' Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Marketing Strategies?

Pharmaceutical companies employ a variety of marketing strategies to influence physicians' prescribing behaviour in favour of their drugs. Every year, billions of dollars are spent on such marketing strategies. However, research on the role of physicians' socio-demographic variables in pharmaceutical marketing is scarce. Thus, the study aimed to determine whether physicians' demographic characteristics influence their perceptions of the effectiveness of marketing strategies. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from a sample of 425 physicians. The study found that physicians' perceptions of the effectiveness of medical representatives and ads in medical journals were unaffected by their gender. Demographic variables such as age and experience significantly affected the effectiveness perceptions of physicians. However, only medical representatives were found to be significantly affected by physicians' areas of practice. According to the findings of this study, the older and more experienced the physicians are, the more they perceive marketing strategies are effective in influencing their prescribing behaviour. In addition, general physicians perceived medical representatives as more effective than specialists. This study would be a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge and also aid pharmaceutical marketing managers in achieving their sales goals effectively.

Evaluation of Breast Cancer Incidence Trends in the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan.

The study conducted a component analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of breast cancer (BC) in Karaganda region. Primary data were for registered patients with BC (ICD 10-C50) in Kazakhstan, Karaganda region the period of 2009-2018. Evaluation of changes in BC incidence in the population of Karaganda was performed using component analysis according to the methodological recommendations. Overall, 4,391 new cases of BC and 1,202 deaths were recorded. The incidence rate increased from 44.4 (2009) to 72.7 in 2018 and the overall growth was 28.37 per 100,000 population of female, including due to the age structure - ∑ΔA =3.13, due to the risk of acquiring illness - ∑ΔR =22.69 and their combined effect - ∑ΔRA =2.56. The component analysis revealed that the increase in the number of patients with BC was mainly due to the growth of the population (ΔP =+3.7%), changes in its age structure (ΔA =+10.3%) and changes associated with the risk of acquiring illness (ΔR =+75.0%). The mortality rate in the region changed from 18.6 (2009) to 10.9 (2018) and tended to decrease. The role of the influence of demographic factors and the risk of acquiring illness on the formation of the number of patients and the incidence of BC was evaluated. In this region, these indicators were the highest. The implementation of the results of this study is recommended in management of anticancer activities for BC.

The Influence of Demographic Factors on the Ability to Research and Innovate among Primary and Secondary School Teachers

This study mainly discusses the ability to research and innovate of primary and secondary school teachers in China. Stratified sampling was used to investigate 4,661 primary and secondary school teachers from 36 schools in a selected municipality directly under China's central government. The research team used a survey questionnaire with high reliability and validity to assess teachers' ability to research and innovate. With the demographic data of teachers, this paper analyzes the overall level and group differences of teachers' ability to research and innovate. Descriptive statistics, sample mean comparison T-test and one-way ANVOA were used to determine the factors that affect teachers' ability to research and innovate. The results show that Chinese primary and secondary school teachers have good ability to research and innovate, and the ability to teach and research is higher than that of the ability to innovate in education. Differences in teachers' educational background, history of formal teaching education and professional titles would cause significant difference on teachers' ability to research and innovate, but with a small effect size. There are significant differences in ability to research and innovate among teachers serving different school segments, with a size of effect between small and medium. Gender, age and years of teaching have no significant influence on teachers' ability to research and innovate.

Cutaneous melanoma diagnosis delay: socioeconomic and demographic factors influence.

Malignant cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, and its early detection and prompt initiation of treatment play an important role in reducing disease-associated morbidity and mortality. Many factors influence the diagnosis of melanoma, and its recognition is essential for the development of strategies for its early detection. This study was carried out to Identify the main variables related to the delay in diagnosis of Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma and correlate them with the time interval for making the definitive diagnosis. Retrospective analysis of 103 patient records from January 2015 to December 2020 correlating social, economic, demographic, and cultural factors with the time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of malignant cutaneous melanoma. The average time to seek medical services from the onset of symptoms was 29.54 months. The mean time for a referral from the primary to the referral service was 1.35 months, and the factors that contributed to a faster diagnosis were lesion Breslow (>1 mm), lesion growth, income range (≤1.5 minimum wages), lower phototypes (I and II), not having gone to the Basic Healthcare Units, profession (household), smoking, and type of housing. Our findings demonstrate that there is still a great delay in the recognition of signs and symptoms related to the diagnosis of malignant cutaneous melanoma in our country, influenced by several socioeconomic and demographic factors.

Awareness of testicular cancer among adult Polish men and their tendency for prophylactic self-examination: conclusions from Movember 2020 event

BackgroundTesticular cancer (TC), due to its non-specific symptoms and occurrence in young men, is particularly dangerous. A critical point for early diagnosis is awareness of the disease and the willingness to perform a testicular self-examination (TSE). The main aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of 771 adult men about testicular cancer. Additionally, the sources of information on TC and TSE were analyzed and the influence of demographic factors on the willingness to join preventative programs was examined.Materials and methodsThe study was carried out during the Movember2020 campaign, where a testicular ultrasound was performed on participants. They were asked to complete a questionnaire with 26 questions to assess their knowledge.ResultsThe results obtained in the study indicate a low level of knowledge (average 3.5 points out of 18) about TC. Living in a large city (OR = 1.467; p = 0.03), as well as an earlier conversation about TC (OR = 1.639; p = 0.002), increased the awareness about the disease. Additionally it showed that many participants do not perform TSE at all (52.4%) and that only few perform TSE frequently (18.4%). Relationship status (OR = 2.832; p < 0.001) and previous conversations about TC (OR = 1.546; p = 0.02) was reported to be the main contributing factors in males deciding to have TSE.ConclusionsOur research indicates large educational neglect in terms of knowledge about TC and reluctance in performing TSE. It is worth carrying out preventative actions periodically on an increasing scale, not only for the screening of testicular cancer, but also to expand knowledge on this subject.

Negotiation Practices of Athletic Trainers Employed in the Clinical Setting.

Athletic trainers (ATs) are comparatively underpaid relative to peer healthcare professionals. While many factors contribute to salary and benefits of a given employment position, negotiation is a factor of the final salary and benefits package that is achieved. It is unclear to what extent ATs negotiate salary or other terms of employment during the hiring process. To explore the negotiation practices of ATs during the hiring process. Cross-sectional. Web-based survey. 587 ATs employed in the clinical setting that previously held at least one full-time employment position. Independent variables included several demographic factors as well as current salary range. Dependent variables were participants' responses to various survey items focused on experiences with salary and terms of employment negotiation. Summary statistics were used to characterize all variables and multiple chi-square analyses (p<.05) were performed to determine significant influences of independent variables on negotiation practices. More than half of ATs did not attempt to negotiate their salary (57.6%), and almost three-quarters of ATs did not negotiate terms of employment (70.5%) during the hiring process. The most successfully negotiated terms were moving expenses (72.3%) and continuing education funding/reimbursement (62.7%). The influence of demographic factors on negotiation and negotiation success varied with significant findings for: number of previous full-time employment positions, gender, marital status, salary range, and number of dependents. It is alarming that more than half of ATs do not negotiate salary or terms of employment during the hiring process. While widespread training on negotiation practices is warranted, our findings suggest it would be most beneficial for early-career and women ATs. ATs must become comfortable with negotiating salary and terms of employment in order to effect change on the average salary and employment status of those in the profession.

Perceptions of Neurosurgery among Medical Students and Interns: A National Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Neurosurgery is considered one of the most admired surgical specializations. Still, as evidenced by observations over the years, it is not amongst the top choices of medical students in Saudi Arabia. This study will help in understanding the perception and attitudes of medical students and interns toward the neurosurgery specialization, which will aid in developing strategies to increase the interest of undergraduates in neurosurgery specialization and bridge the human resource gap in this vital specialty. Objectives: This study aimed to assess perceptions, attitudes, and gender differences of medical students and interns toward neurosurgery. The influence of demographic factors on perceptions of neurosurgery of interns and senior medical students in Saudi Arabia was also investigated. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a convenience sample of medical students (clinical years) and interns studying in different colleges of medicine in Saudi Arabia. A total of 1014 responses were included in this study (518 males and 496 females). The questionnaire comprised of two parts: the first part carried general descriptive questions, while the second part had 24-item Likert scale-based questions. Results: Around 40% of medical students and 26% of interns agreed or strongly agreed to the statement ‘I would consider a career in neurosurgery. Around 70% of both interns and students agreed or strongly agreed with the statement ‘Huge prestige is attached to neurosurgery’. The responses to the statement ‘Neurosurgery is a male specialty’ was significantly different between genders, as 36.5% of the male respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the statement while just 12.5% of the females responded likewise (p = 0.000). Only 23% of participants reported having completed a rotation in neurosurgery. About 44.7% of respondents were interested in taking an elective rotation in neurosurgery, while the remaining respondents (55.3%) responded with a negative answer. Only 23% of participants had completed an undergraduate rotation in neurosurgery. More males (65.3%) agreed or strongly agreed with the statement ‘Work as a neurosurgery specialist can impede family life as compared to females (57.5%), which was highly significant (p = 0.000). More medical students (45.1%) responded in the agreement or strong agreement in response to the statement’ Neurosurgery should be a compulsory rotation during internship’ as compared to interns (25.8%). Around 65% of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed that teachers/seniors have a great influence on students’ specialization choices. Around 67% of the respondents foresaw a purely clinical role for themselves after graduation, while 17% were interested in a clinical–academician role. Conclusions: The study reflected a generally positive attitude towards neurosurgery amongst medical students and interns. Interest in neurosurgery as a specialization can be strengthened by enhancing the exposure of students and interns to the specialty. Teachers and seniors can be useful influencers to motivate students to consider neurosurgery specialization.

Pengaruh Faktor Demografi, Familiary Effect dan Risk Perception Terhadap Keputusan Investasi

An investment decision is a policy taken on two or more investment alternatives in the hope that they will benefit in the future. This study aims to examine whether the influence of demographic factors on gender, age, occupation, education, the effect of familiarity when the capital market rises, the effect of familiarity when the capital market is downtrend and the perception of risk on investment decisions. This study uses a sample of the people of Magelang Regency. The number of samples was 96 respondents based on purposive sampling method. Hypothesis testing in this study using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the perception of risk had a positive effect on investment decisions. Meanwhile, gender, age, occupation, education, familiary effect when the capital market is uptrend, familiary effect when the capital market is downtrend has no effect on investment decisions.&#x0D;

The Influence of Demographic Factors on Urban Medical Insurance Expenditure under Big Data

As the urban basic medical insurance with the most widespread area and age coverage, a series of research is conducive to the optimization and better promotion of policies. As the main receptor of medical insurance, people analyze the impact of population factors on the expenditure of urban basic medical insurance, which is conducive to the improvement and implementation of the medical insurance system. In this paper, birth rate, total dependency ratio, urban population proportion, and educational population proportion were selected as independent variables, urban basic medical insurance expenditure was selected as dependent variables, and a regression model was established after data processing and analysis. The results show that the birth rate, the proportion of the urban population, and the expenditure of the urban basic medical insurance fund will change in the opposite direction; the expenditure of the urban basic medical insurance fund, the total dependency ratio, and the illiteracy rate will change in the same direction.

Demographic and job satisfaction variables influencing academic staffs’ turnover intention in Debre Berhan University, Ethiopia

Academic staff turnover intention is one of the problems facing different universities in Ethiopia. This problem has also become a serious one at Debre Berhan University. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the influence of demographic factors and job satisfaction variables on the academic staff turnover intention at Debre Berhan University. For this purpose, both descriptive and explanatory research designs were employed. The research followed a quantitative research approach. The study used primary data. The data was obtained from 265 academic staff selected from nine colleges using both stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques. A binary logistic regression model was used to examine the influence of demographic factors and job satisfaction variables. Accordingly, it is found that pay and benefits, working environment, and ethnicity were found to be the significant factors that affect academic staff turnover intention. This study suggests that the management of the university and the Ministry of Education, in order to increase the staff’s salary based on the current labor market, develop different benefits packages such as building them residence houses, providing health insurance and facilitating credit services for different purposes by collaborating with banks and other financial institutions. Besides, the government should ensure political stability by minimizing ethnic-led conflict by avoiding ethnic-based federalism.

INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ACADEMIC STAFF: A STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN A PROVINCE OF INDIA

Purpose:The performance of employee is determined by several factors such as their motivation, commitment, development, satisfaction level in their job, positive work climate and so on. One of the important factors which would determine the performance of an employee is their demographic attributes such as age, gender, education, family status, promotion, length of service, designation, etc. and these factors are inherent in each employee. Demographic attributes are acknowledged to have a deep impact on the performance level of the employee in any organization. Based on this theoretical consideration, this paper is an attempt to investigate the influence of demographic attributes of the academic staff on the level of their performance. Methodology:Demographic attributes are measured by age, gender, educational qualification, experience and promotion and performance by research and development activities of the academic workforce. A stratified random sampling technique was applied for data collection and the study was conducted in Liberal Arts and Science Colleges in Tamil Nadu Province (India). A total of 656 academic workforces were responded from all four regions (East, West, North, and South). The statistical tools of Frequency distribution, Independent T-test and one-way ANOVA with Post hoc test were applied to test the significant variation, if any, between demographic variables and the performance level of the academic workforce. Findings:The results clearly show that demographic attributes of Age, Educational Qualification, Promotion and Length of Teaching Experience have significantly influenced the level of performance of the academic workforce. However, results indicate that gender of the respondent has not significantly influenced their performance level and both male and female academic workforce equally performed well. Implication: The results of this study contribute to theoretical support about the influence of demographic factors of academic staff on the level of their performance. It also supports empirically the proposed hypotheses that contribute to understanding the influence of personal and professional variables of academic staff and their performance. Further, the influence of personal and professional variables on the level of performance confirmed or negated propositions that existed in the review of the literature. Originality/Value: There is a lack of research work in the Indian higher education sector which establish the influence of demographic attributes on the performance level of the academic workforce and this study fills this gap. Understanding the influence of personal and professional attributes of academic staff on the level of their performance would enable the educational administrators to formulate appropriate composition of academic staff and imply in the HR planning and recruitment strategy and also in other HR policies to attract and retain the highly qualified and experienced academic workforce.

Assessment Level of Environmental Literacy among Applied Science Private University (ASU) students

Environmental literacy EL is a significant aspect that must be implanted in education; to continuously protect environment systems, communities, and future generations. Students should understand skills and motivation to make responsible decisions for a sustainable environment. This research aimed to assess student EL and evaluate the influence of demographic factors on the EL level among students at Applied Science Private University in Jordan. A total of 323 students; 53.6% male, and 46.4% females- took the EL test. The test had three parts: student’s demographic profile, environmental knowledge, and attitude. The findings indicated that students had high environmental knowledge of energy, pollution, and recycling. The results also showed that students had a moderate level of environmental knowledge on issues such as environmental concerns, ecology, water scarcity, global warming, and ozone layer depletion. The lower mean scores were determined for items on time of gardens irrigation and flue gas. It also revealed no differences between Gender, faculty, cumulative average, and income levels affect EL. Multimedia alongside books and school environmental experience served as the key source of environmental information. It concluded that environmental knowledge does not always influence the behavioral intentions, so a national strategy is needed to improve current curricula in higher education institution.

The Influence of Demographic Factors and Customer Traits on Intention to Use Self-Service Checkout at Tesco Tebrau

This research paper emphasizes the relationship between certain variables that influence the consumer's intention to use Self-Service Technologies (SST) in the retail sector. With the rapid growth of technology, various technological.&#x0D; innovations are being introduced to make it easier for people to satisfy their needs and wants. One of the technologies that are very popular among customers is self-service checkout. However, previous studies on investigating the SST mainly focus on the technology adoption perspective and only a few studies have attempted to report from the consumer behavior perspective. As such, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between the customer’s traits (technology anxiety, need for interaction, technology innovativeness, and demographics) towards the consumer intention to use SST. Two hundred answers were collected randomly among the Tesco customer in Malaysia. The data were then analyzed using SmartPls version 3 to validate the developed hypothesis which forms the foundation for the research model. The finding revealed that only technology anxiety, technology innovativeness, and demographics affect the consumer intention to use SST. The findings are important to the retailer to continue improving the current system in addressing 1. potential user(demographic), system complexity and safety (technology anxiety), and system features-interactive system (technology innovativeness) to give a different experience to the user as compared to traditional practice.

Influence of Demographic Disparities on Seat Belt Compliance in an Urban Area (Washington, DC)

This study evaluated the potential influence of demographic factors on seat belt compliance rates in an urban area. Washington D.C., which is the capital of the United States, is an urban area with mixed and diverse population. The city (and all states) conducts seat belt compliance surveys annually as a requirement of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). This article used compliance rates obtained from the field for 2014 through 2020 and matched those with demographic data for the same timeframe. The demographic data for the city was obtained from the United States Census Bureau. Demographic variables including race, educational and income levels for the eight wards in Washington D.C. we extracted for analysis. Overall, seat belt compliance usage in Washington ranged from 93% to 95.7% between 2014 and 2020. Approximately 42.3% of its population are Caucasian while 43.9% are African Americans with the remaining being Asian, Hispanics and other races. In addition, seat belt usage was reported by ward. Using single factor analysis of variance, it was determined that compliance rates in the wards were not statistically influenced by race, educational level, or income level at 5% level of significance. However, when comparing yearly seatbelt compliance from 2014 to 2020, the compliance rates of 2014 versus 2019, and 2014 versus 2020 were determined to be statistically different. Seat belt use should be encouraged for everyone in all jurisdictions. The analysis shows that, in this urban area, the three demographic variables do not have any influence on the compliance rates.