Influence Of Demographic Factors Research Articles

Perceptions of attitudes toward statistics among medical undergraduates: insights from a regional medical college in China.

Among Chinese medical students, medical statistics is often perceived as a formidable subject. While existing research has explored the attitudes of Chinese postgraduate medical students towards statistics and its impact on academic performance, there is a scarcity of studies examining the attitudes of Chinese medical undergraduates on this subject. This study endeavors to scrutinize the attitudes of Chinese medical undergraduates towards statistics, assessing their ramifications on learning achievements, and delving into the influence of demographic factors. 1266 medical undergraduates participated in this study, completing a questionnaire that included SATS-36 and additional queries. Furthermore, an examination was administered at the end of the medical statistics course. The analysis encompassed the SATS score and exam scores, examining both the overall participant population and specific demographic subgroups. Undergraduate medical students generally exhibit a favorable disposition towards statistics concerning Affect, Cognitive Competence, and Value components, yet harbor less favorable sentiments regarding the Difficulty component of SATS-36, aligning with previous research findings. In comparison to their postgraduate counterparts, undergraduates display heightened enthusiasm for medical statistics. However, they demonstrate a lower cognitive capacity in statistics and tend to underestimate both the value and difficulty of learning statistics. Despite these disparities, undergraduate medical students express a genuine interest in statistics and exhibit a strong dedication to mastering the subject. It is noteworthy that students' attitudes toward statistics may be influenced by their major and gender. Additionally, there exists a statistically significant positive correlation between learning achievement and the Affect, Cognitive Competence, Value, Interest, and Effort components of the SATS-36, while a negative correlation is observed with the Difficulty component. Educators should carefully consider the influence of attitudes toward statistics, especially the variations observed among majors and genders when formulating strategies and curricula to enhance medical statistics education.

Agreement between audiometric hearing loss and self-reported hearing difficulty on the Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory differs by demographic factors.

New standardised measures of self-reported hearing difficulty can be validated against audiometric hearing loss. This study reports the influence of demographic factors (age, sex, race and socioeconomic position (SEP)) on the agreement between audiometric hearing loss and self-reported hearing difficulty. Participants were 1558 adults (56.9% female; 20.0% racial minority; mean age 63.7 (SD 14.1) years) from the Medical University of South Carolina Longitudinal Cohort Study of Age-Related Hearing Loss (1988-current). Audiometric hearing loss was defined as the average of pure-tone thresholds at frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz >25 dB HL in the worse ear. Self-reported hearing difficulty was defined as ≥6 points on the Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory (RHHI) or RHHI screening version (RHHI-S). We report agreement between audiometric hearing loss and the RHHI(-S), defined by sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and observed minus predicted prevalence. Estimates were stratified to age group, sex, race and SEP proxy. The prevalence of audiometric hearing loss and self-reported hearing difficulty were 49.0% and 48.8%, respectively. Accuracy was highest among participants aged <60 (77.6%) versus 60-70 (71.4%) and 70+ (71.9%) years, for white (74.6%) versus minority (68.0%) participants and was similar by sex and SEP proxy. Generally, agreement of audiometric hearing loss and RHHI(-S) self-reported hearing difficulty differed by age, sex and race. Relationships of audiometric hearing loss and self-reported hearing difficulty vary by demographic factors. These relationships were similar for the full (RHHI) and screening (RHHI-S) versions of this tool.

Albanian Public Opinion on US Role in the Israel-Gaza Conflict

Against the Israel-Gaza conflict and the United States’ involvement, this study explores the complex dynamics of Albanian public opinion regarding these geopolitical events. Through a systematic examination of demographic variables including gender, age, educational attainment, and religious belief, the research aims to elucidate how these variables shape perceptions and attitudes among the Albanian populace. The objectives encompass assessing knowledge levels regarding the US role in the conflict, evaluating public opinion on this role, and examining pro/anti-American sentiments. Hypotheses are formulated to substantiate the influence of demographic factors on these perceptions. Employing structured questionnaires and statistical analysis, data was collected from Albanian citizens, revealing intriguing insights. While age emerges as a significant determinant of understanding and assessment, gender and religious faith notably influence pro/anti-American sentiments. The study underscores the intricate interplay between demographic factors and public perceptions, shedding light on the multifaceted dynamics shaping attitudes toward international affairs and the USA in Albania. These findings hold implications for policy-making, public discourse, and future research on global conflicts and public opinion. Received: 1 February 2024 / Accepted: 30 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

Analysis of natural language input in preschool children with and without hearing loss: quantity, caregiver response types, and influence of demographic factors

ABSTRACT This study investigated language input (adult word count, AWC; conversational turn count, CTC; response types; high-, mid-, and low-level) and language outcomes (receptive, expressive) in children aged 2–5 years with hearing loss (CwHL) and those with normal hearing (CwNH). Associations between language input and outcomes, relationships between language input, and demographics were examined. Language input was analyzed using full-day Language Environment Analysis (LENA) audio-recordings, and language outcomes were assessed using standardized language assessments in 14 CwHL and 20 CwNH. There were no significant differences in language input between CwHL (AWC/hr: M = 1137, SD = 554; CTC/hr: M = 48.26, SD = 19.18) and CwNH (AWC/hr: M = 1243, SD = 426; CTC/hr: M = 60.94, SD = 21.34). There were, however, significant differences between groups in response types and language outcomes. Caregivers of CwHL used less high- and more mid- and low-level responses than caregivers of CwNH (p = < .01). Language input in CwHL showed no association with language outcomes, and there were no correlations with demographic factors. For CwNH, receptive language was correlated with AWC/hr, CTC/hr, and high- and low-level response types (p = < .01); and expressive language was correlated with AWC/hr (p = < .01), CTC/hr (p = .02), and high- (p = .02) and low-level (p = < .01) response types significantly. Correlations were negative for low-level response types, with lower language scores associated with relatively more use of low-level responses. For CwNH, maternal education correlated with AWC/hr (p = < .01), and caregivers of younger CwNH had significantly more CTC/hr (p = < .01). Quantitative LENA data suggested comparable interaction frequency between groups. CwHL were exposed to more low-level response types, had significantly lower language scores. Further investigation into response types, child language outcomes, and therapeutic implications for CwHL is needed.

Who Demands Technical and Vocational Education in Pakistan? A PSLM Analysis of Socio-Economic Determinants

Purpose: The present study investigates the influence of demographic factors on the demand for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Pakistan. The government of Pakistan has implemented various skill enhancement programs to harness the demographic dividend. However, only a small portion of the workforce receives any form of TVET, contributing to a shortage of skilled workers in the country. Many industries, particularly in manufacturing and mining, face deficits in the skilled labour. Consequently, this study aims to examine the role of demographic factors in shaping the demand for TVET within the Pakistani context. Methods: For the TVET demand's estimation, this study employed the Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) dataset of 2018–19 by using binary logistic regression analysis (BLRA). The demographic variables include the household's income, household head's education, household size, male proportion of the target age group, household head's age, and region of the household. Findings: The findings indicate that households in the higher income category do not demand TVET. Moreover, if the head of the household is highly educated, then the household is less likely to participate in TEVT. So, the higher the socio-economic status, the lower the probability of demand for TVET from the better-off students. Further, this study also indicates that boys are more likely to participate in TVET-related degrees, while females are less likely to participate in TVET due to the non-availability of institutes and hostel facilities, poor transportation, the limited number of trades available for females, and security issues. Conclusion: The findings provide insightful evidence to support the idea that the higher the socio-economic status of households, the lower the probability of demand for a TVET degree or diploma. Similarly, children of parents with university education are less likely to pursue TVET-related degrees. The reason is likely attributed to the perception that TVET-associated degrees and diplomas are considered inferior due to their lower standing and prestige as compared to general or professional degrees. This study suggests that the attractiveness of TVET can be enhanced by improving the quality of TVET, improving labour market outcomes, and creating a pathway to general education. Overall, this study not only contributes to empirical analyses of socio-economic determinants in TVET demand but also suggests that its findings can be applied not only to South Asian countries but also to other comparable nations with similar cultural ties and affinities.

Exploring variations in IPC competencies: a cross-sectional study among healthcare professionals in Northwest China

BackgroundThis cross-sectional study investigates infection prevention and control (IPC) competencies among healthcare professionals in northwest China, examining the influence of demographic factors, job titles, education, work experience, and hospital levels.MethodsData from 874 respondents across 47 hospitals were collected through surveys assessing 16 major IPC domains. Statistical analyses, including Mann-Whitney tests, were employed to compare competencies across variables.ResultsSignificant differences were identified based on gender, job titles, education, work experience, and hospital levels. Females demonstrated higher IPC competencies, while senior positions exhibited superior performance. Higher educational attainment and prolonged work experience positively correlated with enhanced competencies. Variances across hospital levels underscored context-specific competencies.ConclusionDemographic factors and professional variables significantly shape IPC competencies. Tailored training, considering gender differences and job roles, is crucial. Higher education and prolonged work experience positively impact proficiency. Context-specific interventions are essential for diverse hospital settings, informing strategies to enhance IPC skills and mitigate healthcare-associated infections effectively.

Consumer Behaviour Towards Purchase Intention: An Empirical Study of Instant Coffee Market

This study explores the intricate landscape of consumer behavior and their intention to purchase instant coffee in Bangalore City. This study analyzes the influence of demographic factors, sensory attributes, and brand elements on consumers' decision-making while buying instant coffee. The data for this research was collected while administering an online survey to 398 consumers of instant coffee. The data collected was statistically analyzed. The analysis results elucidated that the variables studied in this research influenced the consumers' intention to purchase instant coffee.

Influence of Preoperative Motor Score and Patient Comorbidities on Transcranial Motor-Evoked Potential Acquisition in Intracranial Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring plays a pivotal role in modern neurosurgery, aiding in real-time assessment of eloquent neural structures to mitigate iatrogenic neural injury. This study represents the largest retrospective series to date in monitoring corticospinal tract integrity during intracranial surgery with transcranial motor-evoked potentials (TCMEPs), focusing on the influence of demographic factors, comorbidities, and preoperative motor deficits on the reliability of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. While the impact of patient-specific factors affecting TCMEP monitoring in spine surgery is well-documented, similar insights for intracranial surgery are lacking. A total of 420 craniotomy patients were retrospectively analyzed from electronic medical records from December 2017 to February 2023, excluding patients without preoperative Medical Research Council scores or medical histories. Using intrinsic hand muscles as a robust data set, 840 hand TCMEPs acquired during intracranial surgery were assessed. Demographic and clinical factors, including preoperative motor scores, were analyzed to identify associations with TCMEP acquisition and amplitude. Nonparametric statistics and multivariate regression analysis were employed. TCMEPs were successfully acquired in 734 (87.7%) patient hands, even in the presence of preoperative motor deficits in 13.9% of total patient hands. Preoperative motor scores did not predict the ability to acquire baseline TCMEPs (P = .6). Notably, older age (P < .001) and hypertension (P = .01) were independent predictors of lower TCMEP acquisition rates. Preoperative motor scores significantly influenced TCMEP amplitudes, with higher scores correlating with higher amplitudes (1771 [SD = 1550] eve vs 882 [SD = 856] μV, P < .0001). Older age (P < .001) and chronic kidney disease (P = .04) were also associated with reduced TCMEP amplitudes. Our investigation into TCMEPs during intracranial surgery demonstrated a notably high acquisition rate in hand muscles, irrespective of preoperative motor deficits. Preoperative motor scores reliably correlated with TCMEP amplitudes in a linear fashion while advanced age and renal disease emerged as independent predictors of lower TCMEP amplitudes.

Comparison the Voice Onset Time (VOT) of Postlingual Cochlear Implant Users and Normal Peers in the CAPE_V Sentences as Continues Speech Task

BackgroundAuditory perception plays a crucial role in speech and language development, emphasizing concerns about hearing loss. While cochlear implantation nearly tackles challenges associated with post-lingual hearing loss in adults, the importance of "auditory feedback" and acoustic assessment becomes crucial for evaluating speech disorders and devising effective treatments. This study aims to address the gap in assessing Voice Onset Time (VOT) as an indicator of nuanced variations in the speech of cochlear implant users during a continuous speech task. MethodRecordings of Persian CAPE-V sentences were obtained from 25 cochlear implant (CI) users and 25 healthy speakers, with a mean age of 33.2 years (SD=11.5, range=18-55 years). Ten words, incorporating both voiced and voiceless consonants, were selected from the CAPE-V sentences. VOT measurements for the specified stop consonants at the initial syllables of these chosen words were computed using PRAAT. A comparative analysis between the two age- and gender-matched groups was conducted using an independent sample t-test. Subsequently, ANCOVA was employed to examine the influence of demographic factors on VOT values among CI participants. ResultsUnvoiced consonant /p/ in /po/, /pɑ/, /pe/, and /pa/ syllables had higher VOT values in the healthy group, while the voiced consonant /d/ in /da/ and /di/ syllables demonstrated higher VOT values in the CI group. (P<0.05) Apart from /po/ and /di/ syllables, no significant impacts of demographic factors on VOT values were observed (P≥0.8). ConclusionDespite the improvement in speech quality after cochlear implantation, subtle differences persist. The motor theory, which underscores the impact of auditory inputs on temporal coordination, highlights the role of VOT in speech discrimination. Various linguistic factors affect VOT, including articulation position, vowel context, and raised vowels. While CI enhances syllable distinction, challenges in articulation for adults suggest a need for targeted training in rehabilitation programs, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for CI users.

Impact of demographic factors, comorbidities, and co‐medication on progression and survival in a large Chinese ALS cohort

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the impact of specific risk/protective factors on the disease progression and survival in a large population of Chinese sporadic ALS (sALS) patients.MethodsWe investigated a cohort of 937 sALS patients prospectively. Uni‐ and multivariate regression analysis were performed to analyze the influence of demographic factors, comorbidities and medication on the progression and survival of ALS.ResultsOur results showed younger age of onset (p &lt; 0.05), long diagnostic delay (p &lt; 0.001) and intake of riluzole (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly related to low progression rate and long survival time. History of smoking (p &lt; 0.05) and bulbar onset (p &lt; 0.001) were risk factors for rapid progression and poor prognosis. Baseline ALSFRS‐R score (p &lt; 0.001) and total MRC score (p &lt; 0.05) were positively related to mean survival time of included patients. Neither comorbidities nor intake of antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetics, and statins as dependent variables showed considerable influence on ALS progression or survival.ConclusionOur study revealed early onset and long diagnostic delay were indicators of slow progression and long survival. Smoking and bulbar onset were risk factors for shorter survival times and abstaining from smoking was beneficial to patients with ALS in improving median survival time. Long‐term intake of riluzole should be recommended for affordable patients.

Correlating Cyberchondria and Health Anxiety: Demographic Insights from Stable Asthma Patients

Objective: With the increasing ubiquity of internet, the phenomenon of cyberchondria is becoming progressively widespread in today's digital society. This study investigates the correlation between health anxiety and cyberchondria severity and evaluates the influence of demographic factors in stable asthma patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study incorporated a sample of 51 patients with stable asthma. Sociodemographic data were systematically documented, and participants completed the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) and Cyberchondria Severity Scale-12 (CSS-12). Data analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.22, Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were employed to investigate relationships between variables, and multivariate linear regression was used to identify potential predictors of health anxiety. Results: The sample primarily consisted of female (76.5%) and married (74.5%) individuals with a mean age of 41.47 years (SD:12.92). Smokers reported higher median scores in health anxiety compared to non-smokers, with a significant difference (p=0.023), while no significant difference in cyberchondria severity was seen across smoking statuses (p=0.380). A moderate positive correlation between health anxiety and cyberchondria severity scores was also identified (r=0.415, p=0.002). The regression analysis indicated that together, cyberchondria severity, smoking status, and education level accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in health anxiety scores (Adjusted R^2:0.374, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: The study establishes a connection between health anxiety and cyberchondria severity in patients with stable asthma. The results suggest that health interventions targeting modifiable factors could be beneficial in reducing health anxiety within this patient group.

Influence of demographic factors on prolonged length of stay in an emergency department.

A prolonged length of stay in an emergency department is related to lower quality of care and adverse outcomes, which are often linked with overcrowding. Examine the influence of demographic factors on prolonged length of stay in the emergency department. This study used a cross-sectional design. It used secondary data for all patients admitted during the specific duration at the emergency department of a governmental hospital in Saudi Arabia. The independent variables were gender, age, disposition status, shift time, and clinical acuity (CTAS) level while the dependent variable was prolonged length of stay. The study shows that 30% of patients stay at the emergency department for four hours or more. The results also show a significant association between demographic factors which are age, gender, disposition status, shift time, clinical acuity (CTAS) level and prolonged length of stay in an emergency department. Based on the results males are more likely to stay in the emergency department than females (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.38). Patients aged 60 and older are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients aged 29 or smaller (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.84). According to disposition status discharged patients after examination stays in the emergency department more than admitted patients after the examination (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.67 to 4.99). Patients who come to the night shift are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients who come in the morning shift (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.56 to 0.81). Patients who are classified in level three of CTAS are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients who are classified in level one (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.88 to 0.023). Demographic factors such as age, gender, shift time, disposition status and clinical acuity (CTAS) were important factors that needed to be considered to reduce the length of stay of patients in the emergency department. it is possible to formulate a machine learning model to predict the anticipated length of stay in the hospital for each patient. This prediction with an accepted margin of uncertainty will help the clinicians to communicate the evidence-based anticipated length of stay with the patient's caregivers. In addition, hospital managers need to provide the emergency department with enough staff and materials to reduce the length of stay of patients.

Assessment and Improvement of Nutritional Knowledge among Hospitalized Cancer Patients: Gaps, Sources, and Educational Strategies

This study explores the nutritional knowledge, its acquisition, and assessment among hospitalized cancer patients, revealing significant gaps and the influence of demographic factors. The research identifies the predominance of informal and unreliable sources for nutritional information, such as internet searches and peer advice, highlighting the inadequacy in patient education provided by healthcare professionals. Additionally, the study addresses the lack of validated assessment tools for evaluating patients' nutritional knowledge, emphasizing the need for comprehensive and accessible educational resources and standardized measurement instruments. The findings advocate for an integrated approach involving personalized nutritional guidance and the development of validated tools to improve cancer patients' nutritional knowledge and health outcomes.

Impact And Interaction Between Demographic Variables and Behaviour Bias on Mutual Fund Investment Decision Among Academicians

The impact of demographic variables and biases on investment performance can guide personalized investment strategies and product development within the financial services sector, catering to the unique needs and preferences of academicians as investors. With the growing importance of mutual funds in investment portfolios and the prevalence of behavioral biases influencing decision-making processes, understanding how demographic factors intersect with these biases is crucial. Moreover, the influence of demographic factors on these biases and their subsequent impact on investment outcomes remain underexplored within this specific demographic group. By uncovering how demographic characteristics intersect with behavioral biases in mutual fund investment decisions among academicians, it can inform tailored financial education programs aimed at mitigating biases and enhancing financial literacy among this demographic. The study seeks to provide valuable insights for both academicians and financial practitioners to improve investment decision-making processes and outcomes. Despite the increasing popularity of mutual funds as investment vehicles, academicians, like many investors, are susceptible to behavioral biases that can impede rational decision-making. The author concluded that addressing these implications has the potential to foster more informed and effective investment decision-making processes, benefiting academicians and the broader investor community alike.

Impact of rituximab treatment regime on time to relapse in aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

BackgroundAquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody associated neuromyelitis optica (NMOSD) requires long-term immunosuppression. Rituximab is increasingly used worldwide, however the optimal regime is not established. MethodsWe retrospectively examined different rituximab regimens in AQP4-NMOSD. Standard monotherapy (SM; 6 monthly infusions), SM plus oral steroids (SM+S), extended interval dosing (EID; guided by CD19 repopulation) and EID with oral steroids (EID+S) were compared. The primary outcome was time to first clinical relapse. Potential confounders including age, gender, number of previous relapses, and onset phenotype were included. Results77 patients were included: 67 females, median onset age 35.6, median DSS at rituximab initiation 5.0. 39 were on SM+S, 20 SM, 6 EID, and 12 EID+S. 25/77 patients relapsed during a median follow-up of 44.0 months. No significant difference in time to first relapse was observed between any rituximab regimen. Pooled analyses to compare regimens that use standard monotherapy (SM and SM+S) against those that use extended interval dosing (EID and EID+S) showed no significant difference. Pooled analysis of regimens using steroids with those not using steroids also showed no significant difference. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard model revealed no significant difference between rituximab regimens or influence of demographic factors. 9 significant adverse events were recorded, 5 in the SM group and 4 in SM+S. ConclusionsThis study provides some basis for further exploring EID as a viable option for long term treatment of AQP4-NMOSD. This may improve patient experience and consolidate use of hospital resources.

Analyzing the Influence of Demographic Factors on Consumer Preferences in the Tourism Industry in Bali

This research investigates the influence of demographic factors on consumer preferences within the tourism industry in Bali. 250 tourists examined their accommodation choices, activity preferences, and overall satisfaction. The study employs Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to analyze the data. Results reveal nuanced patterns: younger tourists favor budget accommodations, older tourists opt for luxury, and higher-income individuals prefer upscale options. Gender and education impact preferences, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies. The measurement model assessment confirms the reliability and validity of the constructs. Findings contribute to understanding Bali's tourism dynamics, guiding businesses and policymakers in optimizing offerings for diverse demographic segments.

DEMYSTIFYING LEADERSHIP: A HOLISTIC ANALYSIS OF ITS ROLE, INCLUDING DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IN E-COMMERCE IN SMES IN AD DAKHILIYAH GOVERNORATE, OMAN

This quantitative study with a sample of 375 participants from small and medium enterprises (SME) in the Ad Dakhiliyah region of Oman examines the impact of transformational and transactional leadership styles on E-commerce adoption (ECA). A multi-group (MGA) analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of demographic factors on ECA through leadership styles. Using statistical analyses via SPSS and SmartPLS 4, the study shows significant gender differences in the influence of leadership styles on ECA. In addition, comparisons were made with two other demographic factors — age and leadership position. However, caution should be exercised when generalising beyond the study's focus on the Ad Dakhiliyah region. Despite a comprehensive investigation, the age factor shows an insignificant difference in the impact of transformational and transactional leadership on ECA. This study makes an important contribution to the understanding of leadership dynamics in the digital age in Omani SMEs, highlighting the gender nuances. The integration of robust research models and statistical tools enhances methodological rigour and provides practitioners and future researchers with nuanced perspectives on leadership and technology adoption in the Ad Dakhiliyah region and in the broader context of Omani SMEs.&#x0D; Keywords: Leadership Style, E-commerce Adoption, Technology Adoption, Gender, SME, Oman, SmartPLS.

Factors associated with sexual dysfunction in patients with colorectal cancer in Iran: a cross-sectional study

Sexual dysfunction is a prevalent issue among individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), significantly impacting their quality of life. However, limited research has explored the factors associated with sexual dysfunction in CRC patients in Iran. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the demographic factors that may contribute to sexual dysfunction in this population. A cross-sectional study involving CRC patients was conducted from April 1, 2022, to May 1, 2022, in Tabriz, Iran. Ethical approvals were obtained, and convenience sampling was employed at outpatient chemotherapy centers in five Tabriz hospitals. Validated questionnaires, including participants characteristics form, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for females and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for males, were utilized. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24, employing descriptive statistics and stepwise linear regression to assess association between mentioned factors and sexual function. Among 256 participants, 50.4% were males, 49.6% were females, and 80.5% were married. The predominant age range was 50–60 years. The study findings revealed a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among both female (Mean ± SD: 10.91 ± 8.67, Min–Max: 3.20–33.00) and male (Mean ± SD: 27.64 ± 16.28, Min–Max: 11–62) CRC patients. Factors such as the presence of a colostomy for FSFI (P < 0.001), type of treatment received for both FSFI and IIEF (P < 0.001), type of housing for both FSFI and IIEF (P < 0.001), occupation for FSFI (P < 0.001), presence of other diseases for FSFI (P = 0.047), and time since the last chemotherapy session for FSFI (P = 0.018), Education for IIEF (P = 0.026), and Age for IIEF (P = 0.002) were identified as significant factors of sexual dysfunction. These demographic factors demonstrated varying effects on sexual function, underscoring the complexity of this issue. The results underscore the significance of addressing sexual health concerns in CRC patients and highlight the necessity for tailored interventions to enhance their overall well-being. Healthcare providers should recognize the influence of demographic factors on sexual function and contemplate integrating sexual health assessments and interventions into the care of CRC patients. Further research is needed to comprehend better the underlying mechanisms and devise effective strategies for managing sexual dysfunction in this population.

Assessment of Reproductive Health Knowledge Among College Students in Northwestern India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Reproductive health knowledge is a critical aspect of overall well-being, particularly among college students who represent a demographic transitioning into adulthood. In northwestern India, where cultural nuances and societal perceptions play a significant role, understanding the factors influencing reproductive health knowledge becomes imperative. This cross-sectional studyexplores the interplay between demographic factors and awareness of reproductive health and infertility treatment among college students in northwestern India. Methods A diverse sample of 564 college students in northwestern India participated in the study, providing information on key demographic variables, including age, gender, marital status, degree, field of study, and college year. Statistical analysis, including the calculation of p-values, was employed to determine the significance of associations between these demographic factors and the participants' knowledge of reproductive health.Descriptive statistics, including percentages and numbers, were calculated to present a comprehensive overview of the data. To evaluate the significance of associations, chi-square tests were conducted for categorical variables such as age, gender, marital status, degree, field of study, and college year. The p-values were computed to determine the statistical significance of observed relationships, with a significance level set at 0.05. Results The study uncovered notable findings with implications for targeted interventions. Among age groups, participants aged 23-25 exhibited the highest knowledge percentage at 43.22% (51/564), and this association was statistically significant (p = 0.042). Gender disparities were evident, with females showing higher awareness (46.52% (127/564)) compared to males, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Marital status revealed significant differences (p = 0.0012), particularly in single individuals who demonstrated a knowledge percentage of 46.52% (127/564). Significant variations were observed based on the degree held, with doctorate holders having the highest awareness at 49.15% (58/564) (p = 0.01). Field of study significantly influenced knowledge (p = 0.0001), particularly in medical and engineering disciplines. College year also exhibited significance (p = 0.003), with the first-year students demonstrating a knowledge percentage of 42.20% (73/564). Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of tailored educational interventions and targeted awareness campaigns. Recognizing the influence of demographic factors on reproductive health knowledge is crucial for developing effective strategies that address the specific needs of college students in northwestern India, promoting a more informed approach to reproductive health and infertility treatment.

Energy Labels and Consumer Attitudes: A Study among University Staff

This study investigates energy label awareness among Gazi University staff, exploring the influence of demographic factors on attitudes and perceptions. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the research examines individual attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in shaping energy efficiency awareness. A cross-sectional survey of academic and administrative staff reveals significant differences in awareness across demographic groups. Gender-specific variations in attitudes towards energy-efficient products are evident, with the greatest difference observed between female (M = 3.93, SD = 1.16) and male staff (M = 3.58, SD = 1.30) on Capacity (I-11) (Z = −2.805, p = 0.005 &lt; 0.05). Education level also significantly influences awareness scores, particularly on the status symbol item (I-18) (χ2 = 24.543, p = 0.00 &lt; 0.05). These findings, analyzed through Wilcoxon Rank Sum and Kruskal–Wallis Tests, provide nuanced insights into the demographic factors impacting energy label awareness. Interpretation of the findings on the complex relationship between demographic characteristics and energy label awareness with TPB provided valuable insights. The practical implications of the study highlight the imperative for tailored communication strategies and targeted interventions to raise awareness among different staff groups. By addressing these nuanced factors, the study significantly contributes to the development of effective energy policies, fostering a sustainable and energy-conscious academic community.