Infected Cyst Research Articles

Infected Pigmented Meibomian Duct Cyst Masquerading as a Conjunctival Melanoma.

Infected Pigmented Meibomian Duct Cyst Masquerading as a Conjunctival Melanoma.

Infected Ruptured Parathyroid Cyst Presenting with Hypercalcemia and Airway Obstruction: A Case Report.

Parathyroid cysts (PC) are infrequently encountered and characterize less than 1% of all head and neck masses. When present, PCs may present as a palpable neck mass and lead to hypercalcemia and rarely respiratory depression. Furthermore, the diagnostics of PCs is difficult as they can masquerade as a thyroid or mediastinal mass given their proximity. PCs are theorized to be a progression of parathyroid adenomas and often routine surgical excision is sufficient for cure. To our knowledge, there is no documented report of a patient with an infected parathyroid cyst that led to severe dyspnea. This case describes our experience of a patient with an infected parathyroid cyst presenting as hypercalcemia and airway obstruction.

Conservative approach in the management of infected radicular cyst in the anterior maxilla in a pediatric patient: A case report

Odontogenic cysts are pathological cavities enclosed by fibrous connective tissue and lined with epithelial tissue that develops from odontogenic tissues in the maxilla and mandible's tooth-bearing regions. Trauma or tooth caries is the main cause of radicular cysts or periapical cysts. Pulp necrosis is the outcome of dental caries irritating the pulp cavity. Once the infection has reached the root's tip, it causes periapical periodontitis, which may lead to either a chronic granuloma or an acute abscess. A persistent chronic infection led to the development of a periapical cyst. Radicular cysts are the most prevalent cystic lesions that afflict the jaw. They account for 52% to 68 percent of all cysts affecting the human jaw, making them the most common of all jaw cysts. The paper presents a case report of a 10-year-old pediatric patient who developed a radicular cyst post-trauma and eventually got infected.

Acute renal intracystic hemorrhage in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Renal cyst bleeding is a frequent problem in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, information is still limitedon its frequency, causative factors, and effects on enlargement of polycystic kidneys in ADPKD. We investigated the total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage and its association with total kidney volume (TKV) in a large seriesofpatients with ADPKD on dialysis, referred forrenal transcatheter arterial embolization. All patients had undergone CT scan and MRI scan before the procedure.We evaluated factors potentially associated with acute renal intracystic hemorrhage.The association between thevolume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage and the potential predisposing and associated factors was analysed by univariable and multivariable regressions. RESULTS: We enrolled 199 patients who underwent renal transcatheter arterial embolization from 2014 to 2018 (107 men, 92 women; mean age 59.1 ± 8.6years). The median volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage was 97.3ml (interquartile range 36.6-261.7ml). Multivariable analysis revealed that body weight, kidney stones, systolic blood pressure, and total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage were significantly associated with TKV; age, body mass index, smoking, renal cyst infection, serum alkaline phosphatase, and TKV were significantly associated withthe volume ofacute renal intracystic hemorrhage ; and sex, age, dialysis vintage, TKV, and total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage were significantly associated with the number of microcoils required to achieve renal transcatheter arterial embolization. Total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage was significantly associated with TKV(r = 0.15, p = 0.0325)and wasgreater inyounger patients (r= - 0.32, p < 0.0001). Total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhagewas also correlated with the number ofmicrocoils required for renal transcatheter arterial embolization(r = 0.23, p = 0.0012). Acute renal intracystic hemorrhage is frequent among ADPKD patients on dialysis, and total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage significantly associated with TKV.Total volume of acute renal intracystic hemorrhage was greater in younger patients with higher renal artery luminal size. These results suggest that renal cyst bleeding and renal artery blood flow may synergistically accelerate the enlargement of polycystic kidneysin ADPKDpatients on dialysis.

In silico Analysis of a 29 kDa Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolex Protein (P29) as a Vaccine Candidate against Cystic Echinococcosis.

Vaccination can be a key step in controlling hydatid cyst infection in humans and livestock in endemic areas of the disease. The aim of the Present study was to determine some of the basal biochemical properties followed by prediction and screening of B-cell and MHC-binding epitopes of EgP29 protein in silico. Some of the basic physico-chemical properties along with antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, post-translational modification (PTM) sites, subcellular localization, signal peptide, transmembrane domain, secondary and tertiary structures followed by refinement and validations were computationally determined for this protein. Also, B-cell epitopes were predicted and screened using various web servers, while MHC-binding and CTL epitopes were predicted using IEDB and NetCTL servers, respectively. The protein is a 238-residue, 27 kDa molecule, with high thermotolerance (aliphatic: 71.81) and hydrophilicity (negative GRAVY). There were several glycosylation and phosphorylation sites in the sequence, without a transmembrane domain and signal peptide. Moreover, several B-cell and MHC-binding epitopes were found in the EgP29 protein, which could be further used in multi-epitope vaccines. In conclusion, results of the present study can be a promising sign for achieving effective approaches to the preparation of a multi-epitope vaccines against echinococcosis. So, it is necessary that the effectiveness of the protein and its epitopes be evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Sembrava un lombrico: la cisti del rafe mediano

The Authors describe the rare (and striking) case of a 4-year-old child with an infected median raphe cyst.

Simultaneous Bilateral Dentigerous Cysts at the Mandibular Notch with Ectopic Third Molars: A Case Report

Dentigerous cysts usually develop in the 2nd to 4th decades of life and contain the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. It is commonly observed in the mandibular third molar region. Typically, this kind oflesion presents withno symptoms, is often discovered during routine radiographic examination, and presents unilaterally. We report a case of a 59-year-old woman with bilateral radiolucent lesions located at the incisula mandibulae, containing the third molars. Histology of the specimens extracted from both sides showed findings of infected dentigerous cysts. It is an unusual case with regard to the site of the cysts as well as their simultaneity and bilaterality.

Microbiology of Facial Skin Infections—Strains, Susceptibility, and Therapeutic Consequences

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common conditions with severe and potentially life-threatening outcomes. However, the use of antibiotics to treat these infections is controversial. This study was to identify the microorganisms responsible for facial SSTIs, their antibiotic sensitivities, and the therapeutic outcomes of treatment. This was a retrospective, observational cohort study conducted at a single oral and maxillofacial plastic surgery department. The study sample included 103 patients with facial SSTIs (61 men, 42 women) with a mean age of 41.8years (standard deviation±20.4). The predictor variables included patient characteristics, antibiotic use before the clinic visit, and the infection's site and origin. The primary outcome variable was the presence of antibiotic resistance in the bacterial strains isolated from the infections. The data were collected by reviewing the results of microbiological swabs and patient records obtained from patients with facial SSTIs. Categorical variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies, and continuous variables were described using mean and standard deviation. The association between antibiotic resistance and the predictor variables was analyzed using Pearson's χ2 test and student's t test. The most common cause of SSTI was an infected epidermal cyst (60.1%). Of all the microorganisms identified, 80.6% were Gram-positive, and 55.8% showed antibiotic resistance against one or more of the evaluated antibiotics, including several backup antibiotics. There were no identified risk factors that significantly influenced the probability of resistance, and there were no adverse events observed. The results of this study suggest that surgery should be the primary approach for treating SSTIs, as antibiotic administration may not be effective due to the unknown susceptibility of the causative strains. Antibiotics should be reserved for severe cases and high-risk patients, and if deemed necessary for SSTI management, a broad-spectrum antibiotic should be administered to cover resistant organisms.

CYSTIC METASTASIS FROM TONSILLAR CANCER – A CASE REPORT

INTRODUCTION Brachial cleft cyst is the most common cause of cystic lesion in the neck in younger population. But in patients above 40 years of age, about 80% of the cystic neck lesions were reported to be malignant. The incidence of such type of metastasis from Waldeyer's ring accounts for 33-62%. CASE REPORT A 60 year old male presented with a painless swelling in the left side of the neck for 8 months. Clinical features, imaging and FNAC favoured infected brachial cyst. Excision biopsy showed metastatic carcinomatous deposits with high mitotic index. Panendoscopy with tonsillectomy done. Biopsy of left tonsil showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Then adjuvant Radiotherapy was given to the patient and on 6th month follow up, patient had no features of recurrence.CONCLUSION For any cystic neck lesion in an adult, metastatic disease must be considered as a differential diagnosis. And for proven malignant cystic cervical lymph node, a primary malignancy involving Waldeyer's ring should be suspected. Initially imaging and FNAC may be taken. If FNAC is inconclusive, excision biopsy may be done. Then depending upon the biopsy finding, pan endoscopy with guided biopsies and tonsillectomy may be done.

The Enigma of a Massive Lesion Invading the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report

Radicular cyst is a periapical inflammatory lesion mandatorily associated with a non-vital tooth which usually manifests as an asymptomatic slow growing painless swelling. The present case reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute with an unusual presentation of an infected radicular cyst of maxilla invading the maxillary sinus. This case report highlights the advancing capability of an infected radicular cyst involving maxillary sinus its systematic treatment planning and execution. The cystic lesion covered the entire right maxilla and anteriors on the left side while involving maxillary sinus. It was surgically treated with enucleation and removal of inflamed sinus lining along with extraction of involved teeth and impacted mesiodens. The surgical site healed completely along with resolution of symptoms. A six month post-op radiograph revealed good bone healing.nbsp

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Role of Imaging in Diagnosis and Management.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic kidney disorder with progressive renal function decline, and disease severity is determined based on the type of genetic mutation. The diagnosis is usually established at imaging, primarily at US, and is based on age-dependent criteria and the number of visible cysts. ADPKD is classified into class 1 (typical) and class 2 (atypical) according to the Mayo Clinic Imaging Classification (MCIC) system. Height-adjusted total kidney volume (TKV) has emerged as a predictor of future renal function decline and renal failure in ADPKD, and several methods can be used for estimation. MCIC class 1 ADPKD is further subdivided into five types based on height-adjusted TKV (A, B, C, D, and E). Patients with a larger height-adjusted TKV (ie, MCIC 1C-E) are at high risk for progression to end-stage renal disease and will potentially benefit from vasopressin receptor antagonists, which have been shown to reduce the rate of cyst growth and slow renal function decline. Other renal complications primarily relate to hemorrhage within cysts or cyst infections. Subtraction images are key for assessment of complex cysts when malignancy is suspected, as the presence of protein and blood can limit the assessment for an enhancing component. The radiologist has a central role in establishing a diagnosis, excluding mimics, identifying complications, assessing severity, and predicting future renal failure. Interventional radiologists play a therapeutic role in management of complications by cyst drainage, sclerotherapy, or embolization. © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material and the slide presentation from the RSNA Annual Meeting are available for this article.

A clinical study on pseudo-cyst pancreas

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic pseudocysts are walled-off collections of necrotic tissue, old blood, and secretions that are encapsulated. Collections lack a real capsule, and the cyst wall is composed of nearby viscera such as the stomach and/or colon. Pseudocysts are the most frequent side effects of both acute and chronic pancreatic inflammation. In our prospective interventional study, 25 patients with symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts were included. Majority of patients were belonged to the age group of 31–40 years, with males being more common. The most common cause is alcoholism, followed by idiopathy. Most of them presented with pain abdomen as the chief complaint. Ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen were found to be accurate investigations. Acute pseudocysts were managed conservatively, whereas infected cysts necessitated external drainage. In the majority of cases, anastomoses of the cyst to the nearby bowel, either cystogastrostomy or cystojejunostomy, were performed with good results. METHODS: Study design - Hospital-based prospective interventional study. Sample size - 25. The study was the prospective interventional study, conducted at Basaweshwar Hospital from July 2020 to August 2022, 25 patients with symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts included. Patients had baseline tests as well as specific tests such as serum amylase and serum lipase. All patients underwent USG and CT Abdomen to determine the morphology, and treatment was planned accordingly. RESULTS: A total of 25 patients were included in the study. Out of 25 patients, the cause of pancreatic pseudocyst was found to be alcohol consumption in 80% and other causes in 14%. The common indication for intervention was persistent pain (60%) The type of intervention was chosen based on the physical state of the patient as well as the location and type of the pseudocyst. USG-guided drainage was done in 14% and surgical drainage procedure-cystogastrostomy - 36% and cystojejunostomy 26%. CONCLUSION: The most common cystic lesion of the pancreas is the pancreatic pseudocyst. The disease was common in the age group of 31–50 years and was seen predominantly in males. The most common cause is alcoholism, followed by idiopathy. Pain in the abdomen with tenderness is a common presentation. The most useful tests were an ultrasound and a CT scan. Acute pseudocysts were managed conservatively, while infected cysts required external drainage. In the majority of cases, anastomosis of the cyst to the nearby bowel, either by cystogastrostomy or cystojejunostomy, was performed with good results.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of recurrent acute infectious epiglottitis in adults

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of adult recurrent acute infectious epiglottitis. Methods:All patients diagnosed with acute infectious epiglottitis hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology, Hai'an People's Hospital, Nantong University from January 2012 to December 2019 were included. Results:The recurrence rate of 331 adult patients with acute infectious epiglottitis was 4.2% （14/331）, including 10 cases of once recurrence and 4 cases of twice recurrence. The onset time of all patients was within 48 hours. The most common main complaint in the recurrent group was sore throat （42.9%）, and dysphagia in the non-recurrent group （42.0%）. The frequency of drinking in recurrent group was higher than that in non-recurrent group （P=0.009）. The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmoriary disease（COPD）, diabetes, cyst and gastroesophageal reflux disease/laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in recurrent group was higher than that in non-recurrent group. There was no significant difference in other clinical features, treatment and prognosis between the two groups except tongue tonsil infection under laryngoscope. Multivariate analysis showed that frequent drinking （more than twice a week）, COPD, diabetes, cysts and lingual tonsillar infection were the risk factors for recurrence. Conclusion:Adult acute infectious epiglottitis has a proportion of single or multiple recurrence. Frequent drinking, COPD, diabetes, cyst and lingual tonsillar infection are the risk factors for the recurrence.

Clinical application of greater omentum plasty and fixation to prevent lymphocysts after lymphadenectomy in early-stage cervical cancer

To explore the clinical effects of omentum plasty and fixation in the preventing the formation of lymphcysts and lower limb edema after lymphatic dissection of cervical cancer. The method we adopted is, a retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinicopathological data of patients with early cervical cancer who underwent extensive total hysterectomy, with pelvic lymph node dissection and omentum shaping and fixation at the Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. Greater omentum plasty and fixation was performed in 7 early-stage cervical cancer patients. The mean operation time was (210.71 ± 14.56) min, and had a recorded blood loss of 258.57 ± 39.77 mL, 18.14 ± 3.58 resected lymph nodes, 273.14 ± 34.50 mL postoperative abdominal drainage volume and 36.55 ± 2.12 g/L postoperative serum albumin. No lymphocysts were found on B-scan ultrasound reexamination one month after the surgery. However, 6 months post surgery asymptomatic Lymphatic cyst was identified via B-ultrasound in one patient but had no signs of lower extremity edema and intestinal obstruction. We found that Omentum shaping and fixation could reduce the risk of postoperative lymphatic cyst occurrence and infection pelvic lymphatic cyst and lower limb edema by absorbing the leaking lymph through the omentum. The operation was found to be safe and feasible in short-term follow-up, but long-term complications should be further explored to validate the clinical reliability of this procedure.

Advanced Studies on Toxoplasma in Buffalo Meat

Since buffalo meat, has been demonstrated to be a potential source of human infection, a careful evaluation of the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in this meat is needed. Tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii are frequently found in the skeletal muscles of buffaloes. This study evaluated the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in the meat juice of buffalo meat samples via several diagnostic techniques to protect public health. Peptic digestion, histopathology, and serology were performed on meat juice from 100 buffalo meat samples from local butchers and retail beef markets. Eighteen samples (18%) were suspected of the presence of bradyzoites after digestion, and were subjected to histopathology which illustrated that only six samples (6%) were suspected to be Toxoplasma tissue cysts. After that periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain confirmed that only three samples (3%) were Toxoplasma. Finally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) asserted that those three samples were Toxoplasma gondii. This study provides significant evidence about risk of human exposure to Toxoplasma through the consumption of raw or undercooked buffalo meat potentially contaminated with infectious tissue cysts.

Infected dermoid cyst at the nasion extending to the right upper eyelid

Infected dermoid cyst at the nasion extending to the right upper eyelid

Infection of Baker’s Cyst without Bacteremia, Sepsis, or Extraneous Source: A Case Report

Baker's cysts are benign fluid-filled cysts that commonly form around knee joints which typically resolve spontaneously. Infection of baker's cysts is uncommon, but most often associated with septic arthritis or bacteremia. We describe a unique case of an infected Baker's cyst that presented without bacteremia, septic knee, or external source of infection. This is a rare manifestation that has not been described in the current literature. This is a case of a 46 year-old woman who developed an infected Baker's cyst without bacteremia or septic arthritis. She initially presented with the right knee pain, swelling, and limited range of motion. Blood work and synovial fluid aspiration of her right knee showed no source of infection. The patient subsequently developed erythema and tenderness over her right knee. This prompted MRI imaging that demonstrated a complex Baker's cyst. The patient later developed a fever, tachycardia, and worsening anion-gap metabolic-acidosis. Aspiration of the fluid collection was performed and revealed purulent fluid which grew pansensitive Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, blood and knee aspiration cultures remained negative. The patient was treated with antibiotics and debridement procedures and her symptoms/infection resolved. Given that isolated infections of Baker's cysts are rare, the localized aspect of this infection makes this case quite unique. Development of an infected Baker's cyst after negative aspiration cultures, combined with the presence of systemic symptoms including fever, without evidence of systemic spread, has not been seen before in the literature to our knowledge. The unique presentation of this case is important for future analysis of Baker's cysts as it introduces the possibility of localized cyst infections as a possible diagnosis for physicians to consider.

Gross and histopathological changes in liver and lung of cattle and sheep infected with hydatid cyst

The present study was conducted in the Al-Najaf slaughterhouse, during the period from November 2020 to March 2021, were collected 200 specimens of infected liver and lungs of sheep and cattle. The objective of the study is to investigate the number of hydatid cyst infections in cattle and sheep to investigate the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, number and size of cysts in each lung and liver, comparison between the thickness of cysts wall in the liver of sheep and cattle infested with echinococcosis. The results of the macroscopic study showed the total number of cysts found in the liver of slaughtered sheep was 673 in different size groups while in the lung of slaughtered sheep, the total number of cysts was 216 cysts in different size groups. The examination of the lung of infected cattle during the period of our study revered no cystic lesions in the study while the total number of cysts found in the liver of slaughtered cattle was 158 in different group sizes, almost 50 % of the size of the hydatid cyst in the sheep liver is between 1-3 cm, while in cattle is between 3-5 cm. The microscopic investigation of the liver and lung specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and another stain was used in this study to evaluate the fibrous tissue proliferation via Masson's trichrome stain. showed there were features of chronic inflammation in hepatic tissue of infested sheep and cattle by cystic echinococcosis represented by marginal fibrous tissue layer surrounding the hydatid cyst, infiltration of mononuclear cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, and fibrocytes. The main conclusions of the study revealed that there were significant differences between the thickness of germinativum, laminated and adventitial layers of hydatid cysts in different size groups, and no hydatid cysts were recognized in the lung of slaughtered cattle during the study period.

Quantifying the annual risk of infection in congenital midline nasal dermoid cysts in children.

Quantifying the annual risk of infection in congenital midline nasal dermoid cysts in children.

Microbiome of infected cysts, feces and saliva in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Cyst infection is a frequent and serious complication of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Hematogenous spread via bacterial translocation in the intestine is considered to be the main cause, so intestinal flora may be involved. However, the exact role of the intestinal flora in cyst infection in ADPKD is unknown. We report a 66-year-old woman and a 56-year-old man with ADPKD who had severe hepatic cyst infection. We analyzed the microbiome of infected cyst content, feces, and saliva in these two patients. The microbiome of patient 1 showed various bacteria in an infected cyst, whereas that of patient 2 showed only one bacterium. In both patients, the composition of the microbiome of the cyst content was quite different from those of feces and saliva, and the main bacteria in the infected cyst content represented a small proportion of those in feces and saliva. Lactobacilli were not almost detected in the infected cyst content though some lactobacilli are endemic in the gastrointestinal tract and the saliva. The association between bacteria in cysts and those in feces or saliva remains uncertain, and further research on this topic is needed.