Inexpensive Adsorbent Research Articles

Application of eco-friendly material as an inexpensive adsorbent for methyl violet dye removal: experimental, response surface methodology and statistical physics

Methyl Violet (MV) removal from aqueous solutions is studied using an Algerian Bentonite sample as a low-cost adsorbent. SEM-EDX, X-ray diffraction, and chemical composition characterized the adsorbent material. The modeling and optimization study of MV adsorption using artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM) were also examined. The effects of pH, contact time, dye concentration, and temperature are all considered. The adsorption kinetics results are adjusted to best fit the pseudo-second-order model. Langmuir-Freundlich and Langmuir models well describe the experimental data with an adsorption capacity of 472 mg g−1. The calculated thermodynamic data demonstrates that adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. Desorption studies with methanol indicate that the adsorbent could successfully retain MV, even after five cycles. The statistical physics theory indicates the non-parallel orientation of the MV molecule’s adsorption. The adsorption energies varied from 13.99 to 17.60 kJ mol−1, revealing the physical adsorption systems. From these results, it can be considered that the raw Algerian bentonite sample tested herein is effective in removing MV from aqueous solutions and may be used as an alternative to high-cost commercial adsorbents.

Tailoring Natural and Fly Ash-Based Zeolites Surfaces for Efficient 2,4-D Herbicide Adsorption: The Role of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide Modification.

Global development has led to the generation of substantial levels of hazardous contaminants, including pesticides, which pose significant environmental risks. Effective elimination of these pollutants is essential, and innovative materials and techniques offer promising solutions. This study examines the modification of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and fly ash-based NaA and NaX zeolites with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to create inexpensive adsorbents for removing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide from water. Detailed characterization of these materials was performed, along with an evaluation of the effects of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial 2,4-D concentration on their sorption capacities. The modified samples exhibited significant changes in elemental composition (e.g., reduced SiO2 and Al2O3 content, presence of Br) and textural properties. The adsorption of the pesticide was found to be an exothermic, spontaneous process of pseudo-second-order kinetics and was consistent with the Langmuir model. The highest sorption capacities were observed for samples modified with 0.05 mol L-1 CTAB, particularly for CliCTAB-0.05.

Synthesis, characterization and study of Sb(Ⅲ) adsorption from aqueous solution by iron-aluminum pillared attapulgite

In this study, a simple, environmentally friendly and inexpensive adsorbent for Sb(III) in aqueous solution was prepared by the copolymerization method using attapulgite as the matrix, FeCl3 and AlCl3 as the metal sources. The morphology and structure of iron-aluminum pillared attapulgite were analyzed through various characterization methods. The conditions and influencing factors of iron-aluminum pillared attapulgite preparation and Sb(III) adsorption were studied. The saturated adsorption capacity of Sb(III) could reach 60.44 mg·g−1 for 180 min at pH 7 and 298 K. The adsorption process is conformed to Langmuir isothermal model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the thermodynamic investigation suggested a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. It was revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and Zeta potential analysis that Sb(III) was first electrostatically adsorbed by the adsorbent, part of Sb(III) was oxidized to Sb(V) by Fe(III) and then antimony was complexed with iron and aluminum hydroxides to form surface complexes. In addition, a small amount of antimony migrated through intra-particle diffusion into the internal micropores and reacted with hydroxyl groups. Most coexisting components under the chosen conditions had no influence on Sb(III) adsorption, and PO43−, AsO33−, C6H8O7 and H2C2O4 had a negligible effect. However, the adsorption capacity of over 90 % without interference showed that the material has a strong selectivity for Sb(III) adsorption. The findings of the desorption experiment showed that the adsorption product has a considerable degree of desorption at increased hydrochloric acid concentrations. It may be concluded that the adsorption product is more stable in the overall polluted water environment since the actual acidity of the polluted water environment is significantly lower than the desorption experiment acidity. Overall, iron-aluminum pillared attapulgite has great potential for application in removing Sb(III).

Novel tempo oxidized polyvinyl alcohol/ cellulose nanocrystal-based nanocomposite membrane for malachite green dye removal.

In this study, in-situ modification by TEMPO oxidation was performed after nanocomposite synthesis to improve its properties toward dye molecule removal. The unoxidized and oxidized polymeric-based nanocomposite was denoted as PNC6 and PNC6O respectively. The nanocomposites were characterized using FESEM, FTIR, contact angle, XRD and BET analysis. Measurements of swelling ratio and chemical stability were also performed to provide insight into the durability of the nanocomposites. The effects of changing variables included contact duration, pH of aqueous solution, initial pollutant concentration, and temperature were observed. The kinetic study showed that the experimental data is best fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.988 and 0.997 respectively), whereas on observing isotherm data, in both unoxidized and oxidized nanocomposite it fits well with Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.951 and 0.993 respectively). In addition, the effects on Gibb's free energy, Enthalpy, and Entropy were measured in terms of thermodynamic characteristics, it was established that dye molecules adsorption mechanism is endothermic and spontaneous in behaviour. To check regeneration tendency of the nanocomposite seven consecutive adsorption desorption cycles were run and about 90% and 80%, regeneration ability could be seen in an unoxidized state (PNC6) and an oxidized state (PNC6O) respectively upto 5th cycle after that the tendency get reduced. This study suggests that this novel polymeric nanocomposite can be employed as an efficient and relatively inexpensive adsorbent for dye removal from aqueous solutions.

Valorization of the performance of novel and natural sodium alginate/pectin/Portulaca oleracea L. ternary composites in the adsorption of toxic methylene blue dye from the aquatic environment

This research introduces the development of a novel, sustainable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly sodium alginate (SA)-pectin (P) ternary composite, enhanced with Portulaca oleracea L. (PO) additive, which has been thoroughly investigated for its efficacy in removing hazardous methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater. The selectivity studies using various cationic and anionic dyes were conducted. The composite microbeads that were generated underwent characterization using FTIR-ATR, SEM, XRD, zeta potential, and pHpzc analysis. Subsequently, the most favorable parameters for adsorption, including initial pH (2–12), contact time (0–180 min), adsorbent dosage (0.01–0.20 g), and temperature (298–318 K), were identified. The effect of monovalent and divalent salt concentrations on adsorption process was evaluated. The adsorption data were utilized in several isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, D-R, and Temkin) and kinetic (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) models. According to the Langmuir isotherm model was calculated the adsorption capacity at 298 K is 709.22 mg/g for SA/P/PO30 composite microbeads. The process of adsorption was seen to conform to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results revealed that the process was both exothermic (∆Ho=−10.42kJ/mol) and spontaneous (∆Go=−26.04kJ/molat298K). Moreover, reusability analyses demonstrated that the composite microbeads that were created may be utilized several times, even after the 5th cycle. The results indicate that the developed composite microbeads have the potential to serve as an effective and inexpensive adsorbent for eliminating cationic contaminants from a wastewater.

Removal of Dyes from Waste Water Using Low‐Cost Adsorbents

AbstractThe principal objective of this article is a thorough analysis of the usage of inexpensive adsorbents to eliminate dyes from different aquatic environments. Dyes, commonly employed in industries—textiles, pharmaceuticals, and food, pose a significant environmental concern due to their persistence and potential toxicity. In response, researchers have explored the efficacy of low‐cost adsorbents (LCAs) as sustainable and economical alternatives for dye elimination. An overview of the environmental effects of dye contamination and the difficulties in using traditional dye removal techniques is given at the outset of the paper. It then delves into the diverse range of LCAs, including agricultural by‐products, waste materials, and natural substances, that have shown promise in adsorbing and eliminating dye contaminants. Examples of such adsorbents include activated carbon (AC) derived from agricultural residues, bio‐adsorbents from various plant materials, and industrial by‐products with inherent adsorption properties. Key mechanisms involved in the adsorption process, such as surface chemistry, pore structure, and electrostatic interactions, are elucidated to offer a fundamental understanding of the sorption capabilities of these materials. This comprehensive review consolidates the current knowledge on dye removal utilizing LCAs, offering insights into the challenges, advancements, and future directions in this environmentally significant field. The findings underscore the potential of harnessing readily available, sustainable materials as effective sorbents for mitigating the adverse impacts of dye pollutants in aqueous systems. The adsorption capacity is comparable to supplementary adsorbents suggested for the removal of dyes. The widely accessible adsorption properties of basic and acidic dyes do not significantly differ from one another.

Appraisal of Characterization and Adsorption Isotherm in the Bioremediation of Cu and Zn Ions from Aqueous Solutions Exploiting Unmodified Corn and Coconut Husk

Environment is contaminated by heavymetals has emerged as a substantial globaly. Conventional remediation methods have proven inadequate and costly in addressing this issue. Hence, there is a pressing need to discover bio-remediation as a cost effective, effectual, and environmentally, a substitute for heavymetal removal. This work investigates the adsorption behaviour of Corn Husk (CH) and Coconut Husk (CCH), an inexpensive adsorbent, towards Cu and Zn ions for potential application in wastewater treatment. The physico-chemical variables of unmodified CH and CCH were appraised, and batch experimental methods were employed to study variables like pH, contact time, size of particle, and preliminary content of metals. The impact of solution pH on metals uptake by the adsorbent was investigated on the pH range of 3 to 8, revealing optimal removal efficiencies at pH 6 for Cu and pH 5 for Zn. Equilibrium adsorption times were determined to be 80 minutes for Cu and 60 minutes for Zn ions onto CH and CCH. adsorption volumes is conforming to mono-layer coverage, attained from the Langmuir plots were 4.792 mg/g and 4.594 mg/g respectively for Cu and Zn metals onto the CH and 4.771 mg/g and 4.400 mg/g for their adsorption onto CCH. Experimental values were confirmed to the Langmuir model and Freundlich model, with the Langmuir model providing the best fit. The CH based adsorbent was generally found to have an increased capacity of adsorption of the metal contents than Coconut husk (CCH). These findings underscore the strength of Corn husk as an active adsorbent to extract cationic heavymetal contents from industrial effluents.

Initial Understanding of Per and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Compounds (PFAS): Synopsis

The increasing attention in academic and industry research on per and Poly-Fluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) in the environment is a result of growing concern. If PFAS are exposed to human health, they are also known to be dangerous. Utilizing leftover lignocellulosic biomass, biochar is a pyrolytic material that can be used as an inexpensive adsorbent to remove environmental pollutants. It is essential to adjust the physical and chemical properties of biochar due to its low concentration and distinct chemical composition. Most notably, char's high surface area and C and N content are the primary controlling elements during PFAS adsorption. This summary provides background information on PFAS pollutants and possible remediation strategies.

Gentian violet adsorption on a super magnetic nanocomposite (Fe2O3/Bentonite), non-linear kinetic and isotherm modeling

The health of humans may be at risk from textile wastewater's harmful dye effluents. Searching for effective and inexpensive adsorbents to treat these contaminated waters has attracted a lot of interest over the years. This work aimed to prepare a super nanocomposite based on raw bentonite to remove a cationic dye (gentian violet) from wastewater. Raw and Magnetic bentonite have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The specific surface area calculated by BET transform for both adsorbents show a high specific area for magnetic bentonite, four times higher than the raw one, it is estimated to 10.3452 and 41.6073 m2. g-1 for raw and magnetic bentonite respectively. A UV-Vis spectrophotometer has also characterized the gentian violet dye (GV). Kinetic non-linear models confirm that the adsorption phenomena are well modeled by the pseudo second order model, and thermodynamic studies show that it is also a spontaneous, endothermic, and inorganized process. The non-linear adsorption isotherm results were best fitted using the Langmuir isotherm, which refers to monolayer adsorption. The effect of some parameters, such as adsorbent mass, temperature, and contact time, has also been optimized. From these results, we concluded that supporting iron oxide on bentonite can increase the adsorption capacity, with a maximum Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity qm= 137.39 mg. g-1.

Vachellia nilotica sawdust-derived polymeric and magnetic biocomposites for phosphate ions removal: Kinetics, isothermal, and thermodynamic studies

Phosphorus is an important element for both animals and plants, but its excess can cause eutrophication in water. Excess phosphorus is present in wastewater mainly due to acid rain, the dissolving of rocks, and agricultural waste. There are many methods for the elimination of Phosphorus from aqueous solution, but their use is finite because of the high operational cost. Adsorption is a productive and popular method for removing phosphorus from aqueous solution. In this study, Vachellia nilotica sawdust and its different composites (Ppy/SD and MG/SD) were utilized for the effective adsorption of phosphorus from the solution. Prepared sorbents were characterized via BET, SEM, FTIR and XRD for their surface area and morphological, functional and crystallinity attributes. Adsorption tests were carried out to identify the optimal working parameters such as adsorbent dose, temperature, initial phosphorus concentration, pH, and contact time. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic model were accurately explained by the Langmuir model and pseudo 2nd order kinetics. The maximal adsorption capacity for Phosphate was 4.803, 5.32, and 6.27 mg/g for Native/SD, Ppy/SD, and MG/SD, respectively. Thermodynamic characteristics confirmed that the phosphorus adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. Thus, sawdust is an eco-friendly and inexpensive adsorbent for phosphorus removal from wastewater.

Insights into role of microstructure in TNT adsorption performances onto zeolite, diatomite and kaolinite particles

Adsorption performances of one pollutant on different adsorbents likely depend on the adsorbent microstructures heavily. Hereon, zeolite, diatomite and kaolinite particles were selected as inexpensive adsorbents in this study with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as an organic pollutant for the batch test to verify the effect of adsorbent microstructure on TNT adsorption performance. The results of kinetic, adsorption isothermic, and thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption process of TNT on three particles is controlled by chemisorption, and that both are non-spontaneous entropic endothermic reactions, although they have their own specific adsorption capacities, equilibration times, and kinetic rates. Comprehensively analyzing the characterization data and adsorption performances of the particles shows that, the pore physical properties including the pore diameter distribution and volume obviously control the adsorption capacities, and well the pore surface chemical properties such as the functional groups affect the adsorption kinetics; the microstructure affects the performances through the synergistic effect of physical and chemical pathways and results in the special performances. Briefly, a particle has its special microstructure and then determinedly unique performance. The finding provides insights into the role of the microstructure of the particles in their performances, and significances for selecting and utilizing the adsorbents in water treatment.

Synthesis and Application of Eco-Friendly Adsorbent for Treatment of Congo Red and KMnO4 Dye Aqueous Solution

The use of natural resources as environmentally acceptable adsorbents for wastewater treatment was investigated in two research. The first concentrated on using bamboo leaves as an inexpensive adsorbent to remove the dye KMnO4. Bamboo leaves were carefully synthesised, spectrophotometrically analysed, and showed different adsorption capabilities according to unit adsorbent concentration. The second study used a systematic synthesis procedure and spectrophotometric characterization to remove Congo red dye from mango leaves. The Mangifera indica adsorbent demonstrated a noteworthy 88.27% adsorption peak at a dye concentration of 50 mg/L. Both programmes emphasised the potential of renewable resources and focused on low-cost, environmentally friendly methods to address the problem of water contamination. The research emphasised the adaptability and effectiveness of natural adsorbents, underscoring the significance of sustainable approaches in the treatment of wastewater. These findings contribute significantly to developing green solutions, showcasing the feasibility of utilizing bamboo and mango leaves in addressing diverse dye contaminants. Further optimization and mechanistic understanding are crucial for enhancing the efficiency of these eco-friendly adsorbents, paving the way for environmentally conscious water treatment practices.

Utilization of macroporous beads impregnated with Cyanex 572 for effective separation of Sr(II), Y(III), and Zr(IV) from chloride medium: batch and fixed-bed column study

This work focuses on using a new, inexpensive adsorbent, Amberlite XAD–4 resin impregnated with Cyanex 572 to extract and separate Zr(IV) from its parents Y(III) and Sr(II). The extraction performance was investigated using both batch and continuous flow techniques. The highest separation factor of Zr from Y and Sr was obtained at 0.05 mol L−1 HCl. Zr(IV), Y(III), and Sr(II) were found to have maximal monolayer capacities of 29.1, 9.3, and 6.1 mg g−1, respectively. Chromatography was utilized to effectively separate the relevant metals from their mixed solution in a single step, yielding high recovery values of approximately 99.0%.

Bionanocomposite MIL-100(Fe)/Cellulose as a high-performance adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue

World production of dyes is estimated at more than 800,000 t·yr−1. The purpose of this research falls within the scope of the choice of an effective, local, and inexpensive adsorbent to remove dyes from wastewater. Adsorptive elimination of dyes by commonly accessible adsorbents is inefficient. The metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an important class of porous materials offering exceptional properties as adsorbents by improving separation efficiency compared to existing commercial adsorbents. However, its powder form limits its applications. One way to overcome this problem is to trap them in a flexible matrix to form a hierarchical porous composite. Therefore, in this work, we prepared MIL-100 (Fe) embedded in a cellulose matrix named MIL-100(Fe)/Cell, and used it as an adsorbent of methylene blue (MB) dye. According to the BET analysis, the specific surface area of the synthesized MOF is 294 m2/g which is related to the presence of the cellulose as efficient and green support. The structure of this composite is approximately hexagonal. Adsorption was studied as a function of contact time, adsorbent mass and pollutant load (concentration), and pH, and the effect of each of them on absorption efficiency was optimized. The MIL-100(Fe)/Cell was capable of removing 98.94% of MB dye with an initial concentration of 150 mg/L within 10 min at pH = 6.5 and room temperature. The obtained maximum adsorption capacity was 384.615 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm is consistent with the Langmuir models. The mechanism of MB adsorption proceeds through п-п and electrostatic interactions.

Application of response surface methodology to optimize chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solution using pre‐treated sawdust

AbstractIncreased chromium usage in industrial applications as chromium III and chromium VI, include metal plating, steel alloys, leather processing, medical applications, and chromium dyeing operations, has resulted in water pollution by Cr (VI) ions, which being toxic and carcinogenic has developed into significant environmental and health problems. The purpose of this research is to remove Cr (VI) ions from synthetic wastewater utilising modified sawdust as an inexpensive adsorbent. Two modified sawdust samples were produced, one using sodium hydroxide and one using sulfuric acid. The experimentation, based on several batch systems, has been undertaken at 25–65°C with 0.5–1.5 g/L sawdust dosage. These conditions were applied to remove Cr (VI) ions at concentrations of 1–6 ppm at pH values from 3 to 10. The results have shown that adsorption onto sawdust followed an intraparticle diffusion mechanism with various rate parameters from 0.65 to 5.24 mg g−1 min, for treated and untreated sawdust. The distribution coefficient , enthalpy , thermodynamic standard free energy , and entropy were determined from a number of temperature studies. Kinetic studies showed that the pseudo‐second order model gave the optimum correlation to the experimental results. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to analyse the experimental equilibrium results. The optimised conditions for the adsorption process were obtained using the D‐optimal design method, and the maximum removal percentage of 100%, was determined at pH = 3, T = 25°C, adsorbent dosage = 1.5 g/L, and an initial Cr (VI) concentration = 5.72 ppm.

Comparison of different treatment methods which are used for phenol removal: A mini review

ABSTRACT This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various adsorption methods developed over time for phenol removal. Phenolic substances pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems, wildlife, and human health. If not properly controlled and treated before discharge, industrial effluents contaminated with phenol can cause detrimental effects on surface and groundwater resources. In comparison with advanced treatments such as ozonation, UV therapy, and the Fenton process, which are associated with higher energy costs, conventional physicochemical treatment methods like adsorption, chemical treatment, membrane filtration, and distillation offer superior removal efficiencies. Pistachio nut shell ash, Moringa peregrina tree shell ash, agricultural fibres, red mud, low-cost clay, olive mill waste, natural zeolites, rubber seed coat, peat, fly ash, and bentonite are just a few examples of the adsorbents and adsorption processes that have been used in literature to remove phenol and its derivatives. For instance, biosorption has been shown to be a successful technique with room for further study in this area regarding regeneration and cost–effectiveness. As a result, numerous researchers in the field of phenolic treatment have emphasized the effectiveness of physicochemical processes over time. Furthermore, additional investigation is required to determine the practical application of inexpensive adsorbents on commercial basis.

Correction: AL-Aoh, H.A. Removal of the Pigment Congo Red from Synthetic Wastewater with a Novel and Inexpensive Adsorbent Generated from Powdered Foeniculum Vulgare Seeds. Processes 2023, 11, 446

In the original publication [...]

REVIEW OF THERMODYNAMIC AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS INFLUENCING METHYLENE BLUE ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CHARCOAL OF NATURAL ORIGIN

Methylene blue (MB) is a phenothiazine derivative used in microbiology, surgery, diagnostics and as a sensitizer in the photo-oxidation of organic pollutants. These numerous uses of methylene blue could lead to its accumulation in wastewater, causing harmful effects on the environment and living beings. To combat these harmful effects, numerous wastewater treatment processes, particularly physicochemical, were implemented. Adsorption techniques are particularly used to find new natural, biodegradable and inexpensive adsorbents to treat colored waste from structures such as medical and pharmaceutical laboratories. The aim of the present study was to carry out a relevant bibliographical review of the physico-chemical and thermodynamic parameters that can influence this adsorption of methylene blue on activated carbons of natural origin. The results showed a remarkable elimination of methylene blue. However, parameters such as particle size, adsorbent mass, pH, contact time, initial methylene blue concentration, agitation speed and temperature showed that the adsorption capacity of MB on biosorbents was influenced by these quantities. Similarly, the positive and negative enthalpy values (ΔH°) indicated that adsorption process could be endothermic or exothermic. Other thermodynamic parameters, such as the negative value of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) and the positive value of entropy (ΔS°), also showed that the adsorption process was feasible and spontaneous.

A spherical adsorbent produced from a bagasse biochar chitosan assembly for selective adsorption of platinum-group metals from wastewater

This study addresses the challenge of platinum-group metal scarcity by exploring the adsorption of these metals from industrial wastewater. An inexpensive adsorbent with selective platinum-group metal adsorption capacity, named chitosan/citric acid@diatomaceous earth-sugarcane bagasse (CTS/CA@DE-SBS), was newly synthesized. The material features a double coating of chitosan and diatomite on bagasse biochar, and it exhibits an excellent adsorption performance for platinum-group metals due to the synergistic effects of the biochar and chitosan-diatomaceous earth intercross-linked coatings. CTS/CA@DE-SBS achieved an 81 % adsorption efficiency and a static saturated adsorption capacity of 217 mg/g for Pt (IV) in water. Notably, the material exhibited selective adsorption properties for platinum-group metals dissolved in diverse aqueous solutions. The potential for the secondary recovery of platinum-group metals in complex aqueous bodies further underscores the significance of this adsorbent. In conclusion, this research introduces a promising solution for platinum-group metal shortages, offering a cost-effective and selective adsorbent with potential applications in the secondary recovery of these metals from industrial wastewater.

Removal of Nickel from Industrial Wastewater by an Agro-based Composite Adsorbent

For many years, especially in emerging nations like India, the environment has been threatened by the increased output of industrial wastes and heavy metal toxicity. The usage of inexpensive adsorbents has recently attracted a lot of attention in studies on the removal of heavy metals like nickel from industrial wastewater. The use of agro-based adsorbent is an alternative to conventionally used activated charcoal. In this research, adsorption experiments were carried out using agro-based adsorbent prepared from rice husk, wheat husk, and soybean husk to reduce nickel from industrial wastewater. The adsorption process is simple, economical, and effective is the most preferred method used for the removal of toxic metals like nickel from industrial wastewater. Adsorbents prepared from these husks can be effectively used for adsorption due to low cost & high availability. Characterization of agricultural material by various tests like XRF, proximate analysis, bulk density, and iodine number was conducted on agro-based adsorbents to know the co-relation between removal efficiency and adsorption capacity. The effect of turbidity and pH parameters on Ni removal efficiency is also studied. Results indicated that wheat husk adsorbent appeared to be the most effective for the adsorption of Ni from wastewater as compared to soybean husk and rice husk adsorbent. Wheat husk, soybean husk, and rice husk have removal efficiency in the range of 62.50 to 73.33. Composite absorbents CA-2 with the proportion of 50% wheat husk, 33% soybean husk, and 17% rice husk have 82.50% efficiency, and CA-3 has 80.83% efficiency in removing Nickel. Wheat husk adsorbent, CA-2, and CA-3 are more effectively and sustainably used for the treatment of industrial wastewater to remove heavy metals.