Equal Status Research Articles

Prospects of preparing future teachers for intercultural interaction in the accelerated learning conditions

Introduction. This article focuses on development prospects of preparing future teachers for intercultural interaction in conditions of accelerated learning. The aim of the study is to identify the core development prospects for preparing future teachers for intercultural interaction in conditions of accelerated learning. Materials and Methods. The study followed a systematic approach, the implementation of which made it possible to comprehensively consider a specific precedent, identify its components, and determine the significance of each component that ensures the integrity of the precedent under consideration. The authors used analysis of scholarly literature and research results as the main research method. Results. The theoretical analysis of the scholarly literature allowed the authors to arrive at the following research results. Firstly, the authors substantiated the role of two research methods that are supposed to form the basis of comparative analysis (the method of precedents and the method of expert assessments). Secondly, the authors established conceptual foundations for designing a model of accelerated learning in the process of teacher preparation, based on the equal status of cultures, which is based on the dialogue of cultures. The authors emphasize the importance of studying emerging practices in each region, considered as possible precedents. So, as an example, the experience of the Pedagogical Institute in Ludwigsburg, which has developed practices for preparing teachers for intercultural interaction, is proposed (examples of disciplines, types of teaching internships that are actively used in the process of teacher education are provided). Conclusions. The authors have proposed and clarified the prospects for the development of teachers’ preparation for intercultural interaction in the context of accelerated learning. They include the implementation of new methods and designing a model of accelerated learning within the process of teacher education. The results obtained can become the basis for further study of the problem of preparing highly qualified educators in the conditions of accelerated learning. Materials and results of this research can be used to develop programs aimed at preparing future teachers for intercultural interaction in multicultural regions.

64-OR: Trends in Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Diagnosed Diabetes Prevalence and Incidence among U.S. Adults, 2008–2021

We examined national trends in racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic status (SES) inequalities for diagnosed diabetes prevalence and incidence. Self-reported data were from adults aged ≥18 years in the National Health Interview Survey 2008-2021. Annual prevalence and incidence estimates were age-standardized to the 2010 U.S. Census population. Absolute measures of inequality in diagnosed diabetes prevalence and incidence included between-group variance (BGV) for race and ethnicity (nominal categories) and the slope index of inequality (SII) for SES (educational attainment and family poverty-to-income ratio (PIR) ordinal categories). We calculated BGV and SII for each year along with the average annual percent change (AAPC) to assess trends in inequalities over time. PIR inequalities in diabetes prevalence increased (AAPC for SII: -1.7%, p=.010) while racial and ethnic (AAPC for BGV: -10.9%, p=.010) and education (AAPC for SII: 5.8%, p=.001) inequalities in diabetes incidence decreased over time (Figure). From 2008-2021, racial, ethnic, and education inequalities in diagnosed diabetes incidence improved but persisted. Income-related inequalities in diagnosed diabetes prevalence worsened over time. To close these gaps, future research could focus on identifying factors driving these trends including the contribution of morbidity and mortality. Disclosure R.Saelee: None. I.A.Hora: None. M.E.Pavkov: None. G.Imperatore: None. S.R.Benoit: None. C.S.Holliday: None. K.M.Bullard: None.

Christianity without Christ?

Ever since the publication of Dohm’s Ueber die bürgerliche Verbesserung der Juden (On the Civil Improvement of the Jews) in 1781, which argued for Jewish political equality on humanitarian grounds, more and more voices joined those demands. Prominent among them was David Friedländer, a friend and disciple of Moses Mendelssohn. One of the leading figures of the Berlin Haskalah, he worked towards establishing equal legal status for Jews in Prussia. Friedländer did not accept the given view of his times, the antithesis of Jew and German. For him only the antithesis Jew–Christian existed and even that he tried to reconcile by finding common ground in a religion of reason, the groundwork of which he laid out in an Open Letter in 1799. What he proposed at that time may have been illusionary, but it certainly met with approval in enlightened Jewish circles. Friedländer therefore not only stands for those who dared to break with the traditions, but also for the generation of those who consciously aimed at the denationalization of traditional Judaism – and thus decided in favour of the confessionalization and the Germanness of the Jews.

Presentation of Racial Discrimination: A Transitivity Analysis of Meghan Markle’s Interview at The Oprah Winfrey Show

The transitivity analysis of Meghan Markle’s interview at “The Oprah Winfrey Show” has been carried out to see how the experience of racial discrimination has been presented in language. It is descriptive-qualitative research where Hallidayan Transitivity Model, from SFG, has been employed to explore the meanings construed in utterances. SFG looks at the functions of language and transitivity deals with experiences narrated and conveyed through language. The analysis of the data reveals that the utterances construe an experience of racism as Meghan had a Black American identity. Her unborn child was mocked for his/her complexion, and was denied security, title, and an equal status in the Royal family. She also experienced bullying at the international level through international media and had to leave the UK. The most dominant processes found through the analysis are mental and verbal processes. The mental processes show that she understood, perceived, and therefore got affected by racism. The verbal clauses show that she was bullied, verbally, and questioned by the family. While the material and behavioural processes show her effective response towards racism and discrimination based on that racism, while the relational clauses identify it. The language is highly objective since circumstances are used thereby bringing validity and detail to her experiences.

A Citizen Just Like You: The Role of Complex Contagion and Resemblance for Decisions to Naturalize

As is the case with the adoption of many other practices, social influence plays an important role in immigrants’ decision to apply for host-country citizenship. Existing work uses residential characteristics to proxy social network effects but does not directly analyze the hypothesized mechanisms – flow of information and signals about identity fit – nor does it specify the type of social network influence. We address this lacuna using data from in-depth interviews with immigrants about their decision whether or not to naturalize in the US. Our analysis of this data suggests that for migrants facing barriers naturalization diffuses through complex contagion. Rather than through the simple presence of naturalized co-ethnics, we show that social influence flows through strong ties to naturalized immigrants who share similar characteristics. When assessing information about the process and their chances of success, those who are on the fence look to others who have naturalized and who resemble them in attributes like education or migration trajectory. In addition, the promise of status equality that citizenship offers matters: comparing themselves to (social) peers that have citizenship can motivate respondents to naturalize as a way to claim equal status.

Muslim women in the workplace and the Equality Act 2010: Opportunities for an intersectional analysis

The interplay of religion and gender is a relevant factor in the labour market disadvantage experienced by Muslim women. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of addressing disadvantage through an intersectional lens, the domestic equality law framework in Britain continues to adopt fixed and discrete classifications of status inequality, undermining protection for Muslim women in the workplace. This paper uses doctrinal and socio-legal method to expose the disregard in the application of British equality law in its international human rights context to the interaction of religion with gender and to present opportunities for development through case law of an intersectional analysis of disadvantage. After highlighting the labour market disadvantage experienced by Muslim women and making the case for an intersectional response, the paper will assess the application of the British equality law framework in relevant cases and will highlight its contribution to the emergence of a ‘conflict’ narrative. This paper will argue that there is, however, scope in human rights, proportionality and harm analyses to highlight experiences of discrimination at the vector of religion and gender. It will conclude that litigants who avail of these opportunities can contribute to development of law and policy which better reflects lived experience.

Women in turkish higher education management

This paper examines gender equality in Turkey and Turkish Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The historical background and an overview of the legislative context for gender equality in Turkey is explained. A series of reforms enacted by the state of the Turkish Republic following its foundation by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1923, were aimed at giving women equal status with men. The secular ideology and Westernizing reforms enabled the rise in women’s education and senior management in Turkey. Since 1993, there has been a significant increase in the number and share of women teaching staff (Özkanlı, 2007). There has also been an increase in research and publications on gender (Arslan, 2014). Historical, social and cultural factors explain the relatively high representation of Turkish women in professorial positions, and the support to advance to senior academia (Özkanlı and White, 2008). However, there are disciplinary differences, with a higher representation of women in language-based studies at almost every level and a lower representation in engineering and technology. The number of academic women varies by discipline. Besides, there is a high representation of women in professoriate in Turkey. On the other hand, women are under-represented in senior management, especially at Rector/Vice-Rector and at Dean Levels in Turkey (Neale and Özkanlı, 2010). Qualitative data analysis from interviews and document analysis using the “Success Case Study Method” (Yin, 2018) were undertaken in this paper. Ethics approval was secured before conducting in-depth interviews. A success case study university is presented because it had made great progress in gender equality in education, research and training. According to the findings of this research, increased support from the university such as mentoring for leadership roles, improved childcare/elderly care facilities, positive segregation and quotas can increase the number of female managers in Turkish Universities.

The Individual is Not the Institution: The Flawed Logic of the New Brunswick Court of Queen’s Bench Decision in Acadian Society of New Brunswick v Right Honourable Prime Minister of Canada

In 2021, the Acadian Society of New Brunswick brought an application to the New Brunswick Court of Queen’s Bench seeking a declaration that the appointment of a unilingual anglophone as the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick was unconstitutional. Specifically, the Acadian Society claimed that the appointment of Brenda Murphy as New Brunswick’s lieutenant governor in 2019 violated the guarantees in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms of the equal status of English and French in New Brunswick. On April 14, 2022, the Chief Justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench, Tracey deWare, decided that the appointment of Ms Murphy as New Brunswick’s lieutenant governor was, indeed, in violation of the Charter. Yet, despite this conclusion, the Chief Justice also decided that it was appropriate to leave the question of what the implications of this determination should be to the executive branch of the Government of Canada.

(261–266) Proposals to amend the Code to update regulations of the nomenclature of fossils

(261–266) Proposals to amend the <i>Code</i> to update regulations of the nomenclature of fossils

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities: Perspectives from people with disabilities

In this paper, we relied on co-researching with persons with disabilities in Ukraine not as a means of understanding the epidemiology of this disease, or of its impact on human health. We approached COVID-19 and the Ukrainian authorities’ response to the pandemic as proxy, or a magnifying glass, to better understand the everyday life of persons with disabilities in Ukraine, and to explore how things could and should be done differently in the context of public health or other emergencies. The pandemic unsettled and disrupted the meanings of personal space and time for virtually everyone across the world; it unmasked, reinforced and reconfigured existing inequalities, cascading them into further injustices of (im)mobility and access. This is especially true for persons with disabilities. Kennedy-Macfoy uses an analogy in relation to COVID-19. She describes COVID-19 as a ‘looking glass’. Our ‘COVID-19 as a looking glass’ findings presented in both parts of the project report paint a picture of entrenched economic and social deprivations experienced by people with disabilities in Ukraine, patterned by the intersecting and reinforcing inequalities of gender, age, locality, displacement, and socio-economic status, and exacerbated rather than created by the pandemic. This article is devoted to the second part of the extensive study ‘The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People with Disabilities in Ukraine’. In this article, the authors elaborate on the methodology of the second phase of the study and the views of people with disabilities on the issues of communication about the COVID pandemic and access to medical care during a pandemic for people with disabilities.

Gender Equality Perception in Industrial Enterprises Under the Conditions of Industry 4.0

Abstract Provided that the industrial sector is digitized, it presents an opportunity to enhance the safety and quality of work for the workforce, and it should also lead to a positive social impact by reducing the gender gap and promoting equal opportunities for men and women. Gender equality does not mean sameness, but rather equal social status, rights, and obligations, as well as fair and equitable approach. Fundamentals for both prosperity and a sustainable world is established by the above-mentioned. The primary objective of the research described in this article was to examine the impact of Industry 4.0 on gender equality within industrial organizations and how gender equality is perceived by employees of industrial enterprises. The conducted questionnaire survey was focused on the application of the current state of gender equality under the conditions of Industry 4.0 in seven large industrial enterprises in Slovakia. The survey was focused on industrial enterprises. The most important findings of the conducted survey is the facts that women and men generally perceive the issue of gender equality differently, and that the majority of female respondents do not perceive the arrival of Industry 4.0 and the digitization and automation associated with it as a trend with positive impact.

Organizational Characteristics of Senior Centers and Engagement in Dementia-Friendly Communities.

Dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) are systematic and collaborative efforts to make local communities more supportive and inclusive of persons living with dementia and their care partners. This study explores how the organizational characteristics of senior centers influence their engagement in DFCs. We used a partially mixed, concurrent, equal status design, drawing on qualitative interviews with staff from 13 senior centers leading DFC initiatives as part of a statewide dementia-friendly network in Massachusetts, as well as quantitative data from 342 senior centers collected as part of a statewide survey. The qualitative results demonstrated ways in which human, social, tangible, and programmatic capital facilitate senior centers' DFC engagement. In particular, the results illuminated the importance of social capital with organizations and groups outside of the senior center, spanning the municipal, regional, and state levels. Findings from multivariate analyses further indicated robust and strong associations between higher levels of social capital, as well as more dementia-focused programming and greater variety of funding sources, with greater likelihood of engagement in DFC work. Results indicate the importance of policy and practice to foster both organizational capacity and multilevel systems conditions to enable and motivate senior centers' involvement in DFC initiatives.

A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples by Roy A. Harrisville

Reviewed by: A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples by Roy A. Harrisville Charles B. Puskas A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples. By Roy A. Harrisville. Eugene, Oregon: Cascade Books, 2022. 120 pp. The academic study of the New Testament encounters issues like the synoptic problem, the function of parables, the fulfillment of Israel's scriptures, apocalyptic language, and the ending of Mark's Gospel. Since early last century, various methods have been employed from the lower critical methods of textual criticism to the higher critical methods of source, form, and redaction criticisms. Recalling the heuristic figurations of Paul Ricoeur, New Testament study has also focused on the world of the text (such as synchronic narrative, structural, and rhetorical criticisms) and the lifeworld of the reader (reader-response and ideological criticisms), in addition to its attention on the world behind the text (diachronic textual and historical criticisms). This author, a preeminent Lutheran scholar of New Testament studies, has added to the array of books on exegetical methods. This volume is particularly important given his many decades as a professor at Luther Seminary. What sets this thirteen-chapter book apart is his concern for the seminary student and pastor, specifically, regarding kerygma, event, and witness in the initial chapters. Another unique feature is his thumbnail sketch of the history of New Testament interpretation from the ancient church to the present, which is basically a summary of his Pandora's Box Opened (Eerdmans, 2014). Also distinctive are his helpful New Testament illustrations of the method and limits of the interpretative approach found throughout the book. His concise discussions of lower and higher criticisms recall early developments such as the Gutenberg press (22) and some of the earliest pioneers in this field (28). Next, the chapters on source, form, [End Page 195] and redaction criticisms demonstrate the work of an experienced practitioner of the methodology. His illustrations are insightful (see on the textual variants of Rom 5:1, 24–25) as are his caveats of the shortcomings (see on redaction analysis, 45). Still, I had hoped that he would have mentioned how redaction criticism often ignores the storyline of Jesus in its efforts to recover the contextual clues of the post-resurrection community and its author. The final chapters include sections on lexicography, sociological criticism, rhetorical criticism, structural analysis, post-structuralist analysis, reader-response criticism, feminist analysis. More could have been included (for example, genre analysis, canonical criticism). In chapters ten through thirteen on synchronic and post-modern methods the author states, "Over the years, malaise increased over the viability of historical method … The result has been a flurry of methods" (62). Many of his caveats are noteworthy. For example, while acknowledging the marginalization of women in our society and in the patriarchal culture of the Bible, Harrisville points out that "to distinguish Israel's faith … from Canaanite worship in which the goddess Astarte vied for equal status with Baal, or from Greek and Roman religion with their plethora of gods and goddesses … the male pronoun Jahve or El … or 'I am' … was sorely needed." (79). His concluding chapter hearkens back to the first chapters on the historical context of the kerygma, the witness of faith, the living message of God embodied in the text. Unfortunately, I have found some typographical errors: "the gragment-hypothesis of F. D. E. Schleiermacher" (28), "Isaiah 9" should read Isaiah 6:9 (41), and "Rom 12:24" should read Rom 12:21. I also wish that more was written about Bultmann and Käsemann, but they are more fully discussed in his The Bible and Modern Culture with co-author Walter Sundberg. The book includes a short glossary of key terms, a bibliography of works cited, and author and scripture indexes. This brief guide by a seasoned scholar will make an excellent supplemental text to courses on the New Testament, the Four Gospels, New Testament Exegesis, and Homiletics. [End Page 196] Charles B. Puskas Lino Lakes, Minnesota Copyright © 2023 Johns Hopkins University Press and Lutheran Quarterly, Inc.

(Im)politeness employed by multilingual Indonesian EFL learners in argumentative conversations

Politeness might lessen imposition in argumentative conversations which potentially result in conflict. However, different conventions on politeness among different cultures may cause problems for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners who often transfer their native communication preferences to their target language usage. This article explores the (im)politeness employed by multilingual EFL learners in casual agreeing-disagreeing exchanges among peers. Using explanatory sequential mixed method design, students’ utterances in role plays were analyzed based on Leech’s (2014) politeness theory, Kakava’s (1993) disagreement strategies, as well as Locher’s (2004) mitigating strategies on disagreement. It is found that in conversations with people of equal status and power, the observance of politeness maxims is more apparent than the violation. It indicates that maintaining others’ faces is essential irrespective of age differences, even in arguing conversations. The more frequent use of positive politeness than negative politeness strategies represents their greater orientation to others than to themselves. The prevalence of mitigated disagreement and the frequent use of an appreciation preface also show their priority to maintaining good relationships. Those findings support the view of Asians as a collectivistic group whose primary concern in communication is group membership. This suggests that awareness of politeness in argumentative conversations among EFL learners must be increased by giving them different perspectives from non-Asian cultures.

Pregnancy and superior moral status: a proposal for two thresholds of personhood

In this paper, I suggest that, if we are committed to accepting a threshold approach to personhood, according to which all beings above the threshold are persons with equal moral...

Engagement of Persons with Dementia in Public Consultations: Process Evaluation

Engagement of persons living with dementia in public consultations is central to the development of dementia-friendly communities (DFC). However, due to a lack of resources and expertise in how to support their involvement, persons living with dementia are not always involved in processes for planning the development and implementation of DFC initiatives. To better understand processes and methods that facilitate the engagement of persons living with dementia in public consultations, we evaluated the public consultation processes of a Canadian DFC initiative. A partially mixed-methods sequential equal status design guided this process evaluation. Data sources included surveys completed by public consultation participants, focus groups with members of the group that led the public consultation process, and the report that outlines consultation findings. Study results highlight the strengths and limitations of the public consultations and include recommendations for engaging persons living with dementia in public consultations. Results emphasize the importance of including persons living with dementia in DFC initiatives as project partners and public consultation participants.

“Until Dignity Becomes Ordinary”: The Grammar of Dignity in Catholic Social Teaching

This article explores the theme of dignity as it emerges in Pope Leo XIII’s Rerum novarum (1891) and develops within mainstream Catholic social teaching. In expositing the grammar of dignity, I argue that, while the tradition certainly affirms dignity as an equal status pertaining to all people as created in God’s image, dignity is not just a status. In a world damaged by sin, the real drama of dignity is its defense—the practical acknowledgement of dignity and human equality in the midst of our lived experience. Given how conditions in our world so often deny this truth about the human creature, dignity is, therefore, something we must have faith in, as well as constantly fight to make ordinary.

Sexism without sexists: Gender‐blind frames in police work

AbstractThis article examines policewomen's experiences of work in the Singapore Police Force (SPF). In recent years, female officers in the SPF have accomplished many “firsts,” alluding to women not only succeeding in entering the male‐dominated profession but attaining equal status as their male counterparts. Based on in‐depth interviews and content analysis, however, policewomen in the SPF are still confronting various forms of gender discrimination, with female officers navigating masculine norms, a gendered division of labor, and sexual harassment at work. How can we explain this disjuncture between the SPF's rhetoric of gender neutrality and policewomen's reality of gender inequality? We argue that first, the SPF as an organization, and some policewomen themselves, adopt gender‐blind frames to interpret any forms of gender discrimination, by insisting that they do not see gender or that gender does not matter in the organization. Second, sexist practices have evolved from overt to covert forms of gender discrimination. Because of this shift in how gender discrimination manifests in the organization, the SPF and some policewomen do not perceive those practices as sexist but as normal, everyday language and behavior. This article seeks to identify those amorphous forms of sexism enacted upon policewomen that, in turn, reflect the recursive relationship between individual‐level interactions and structurally embedded occupational practices.

Polyphony of form and ideas in the works of Milan Kundera

This article explores the influence of music on the composition of Milan Kundera’s novels, focusing particularly on how polyphonic thought influences his most recent published novel The Festival of Insignificance. This text exemplifies Kundera’s use of the principles of fugue – a form in which each voice, though independent and equal in status to the other voices, forms an integral part of a complete entity and helps to make meanings. The novel demonstrates an experimental thought process that opens up space for dialogue both within the text and outside it. In general terms, the principle of polyphony in literature is connected with the idea that nothing in the world is entirely unambiguous. It rests on the principle of plurality: there exists no single truth, no single viewpoint or perspective, so any thought or idea always exists in counterpoint with another thought or idea. However, the fact that we can hear more voices does not objectivize or relativize the meaning of a text; instead it creates a genuine polyphony of voices, each of which has equal status, which can exist in various relationships to each other, without any individual voice ever representing the definitive truth. This article also seeks to demonstrate how the polyphonic principle is a phenomenon existing on the boundary-line between music and literature; to do so, it draws on the concept of intermediality. From this perspective, polyphony can be viewed as an intermedia phenomenon, positioned at a point between intermedia reference (in the form of imitation) and transmedialization.

Contingency, arbitrariness, and the basis of moral equality

AbstractHardly anyone denies that (nearly) all human beings have equal moral status and therefore should be considered and treated as equals. Yet, if humans possess the property that confers moral status upon them to an unequal degree, how come they should be considered and treated as equals? It has been argued that this is because the variations in the degree to which the status‐conferring property is held above a relevant threshold are contingencies that do not generate differences in degrees of moral status. Call this the contingency argument for the basis of moral equality. In this paper, I reject the contingency argument. Instead, I develop an attitude‐based account of the basis of moral equality: according to this account, the basis of moral equality lies in a fitting, basic, and independent moral attitude which is owed to human beings qua moral status‐holders, and provides a coherent and plausible explanation for why the variations above the threshold for moral status do not matter.