Ineffective Application Research Articles

Responsibility for violations of quarantine and sanitary rules and standards for preventing the spread of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) by law

The article analyzes the current state of legal support of quarantine requirements and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases in foreign countries and Ukraine. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the current legislation of some foreign countries and Ukraine on the grounds for establishing liability for violation of quarantine and sanitary norms and rules. It has been established that the COVID-19 pandemic has forced the governments of different states to introduce administrative and criminal liability in case of violation of quarantine and sanitary norms and rules. To ensure these measures, penalties for non-compliance with the quarantine regime have been introduced, with penalties ranging from warning to imprisonment and even the death penalty. It is established that in Ukraine the issues of administrative and criminal liability for violation of quarantine and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases are regulated by Articles 42, 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is determined that one of the problems of ineffective application of Articles 44-3, 42 3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is an array of new rules for the prevention of COVID-19, which is constantly changing and introduced by various law enforcement agencies. The study found that despite the adoption of regulations that established liability for violations of statutory rules and regulations introduced by both foreign countries and Ukraine to prevent COVID-19, they have a number of legal conflicts, inconsistencies and gaps. Keywords: quarantine, administrative responsibility, criminal responsibility, infectious diseases, coronavirus, prevention

Efektifitas Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectualy Repetition (AIR) Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kambowa

The purpose of this study was to dertermine the effectiveness of the application of the Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) model on the learning achievenment of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 2 Kambowa Buton Utara Regency.This study was a quantitative reseacrch and used quasi-experimental research. The Population in this study were students of VII grade at SMP Negeri 2 Kambowa North Buton Regency as many as 40 students. The sample in this study were 20 students of class VII A and 20 students of VII B. The sampling technique used rondom sampling tecthique. The instruments used in this study were observation sheets and tests. The research results obtained: 1) the average value using the Auditory Intellectually learning model except Repetition (AIR) was 64,50. 2 ) the average volue without using the Auditory Intellectually learning model except Repetition (AIR) is 60,75. From the results of hypothesis testing using the t-test, the value tcount = 0,746 was obtained. At the real level α = 0,05, the value of t table = 1,68595 was obtained with df = 38, this indicated that tcount < t table, sig (2-tailed at 0,461> 0,05, so that it could be concluded that Ho was accepted and HI was rejected. There was no difference between learning using the Auditory Intellectually with Repetition (AIR) learning model or it could be said that the ineffective application of the Auditory Intellectully and Repetition (AIR) learning model on the mathematics learning achievement of VII grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Kambowa.

Corporate Development Using Open-System Diagnostic Model

Corporate development is carried out to help achieve the corporate's strategic goals and plans. Development begins with analyzing the components that characterize the corporate. The purpose of this study is to determine the condition of the corporate using an open-system diagnostic model which then determines the direction of its development based on the results of the diagnosis. The research subjects were 10 employees with staff and manager levels in one corporate. Data were collected by means of interview, observation and document study instruments. The data were analyzed qualitatively based on the findings of each integrated instrument. Based on the results of the diagnosis, there are several problems that prevent the corporate from improving its work. The most significant problem is the ineffective application of corporate culture that affects all aspects of corporate performance. The form of development proposed is the re-implementation of corporate culture. The diagnostic model provides an understanding in identifying the condition of the corporate from various aspects. The problems identified were intervened in the form of implementing corporate culture in order to improve the quality of its performance.

A Willful Choice: The Ineffective and Incompassionate Application of Wisconsin’s Criminal Laws in Combating the Opioid Crisis

Wisconsin’s drug-induced homicide law, known as the Len Bias law, was intended to prosecute for-profit drug dealers and was rarely charged for several decades after it was enacted in 1986. In recent years, prosecutors have brought hundreds of Len Bias charges in response to opioid deaths. Often, these charges are brought against overdose victims’ friends and family members — people who are also mired in addiction and who shared or helped obtain the fatal drug. In contrast, Wisconsin’s Good Samaritan overdose law (GSOL), enacted in 2014, focuses on harm reduction. If a person calls for help when another person is overdosing, the law provides both people with some insulation from prosecution of a range of drug-related charges. These laws approach the problem of overdose death from very different angles: The Len Bias law punishes addicts for their role in overdose deaths, while the GSOL offers addicts protection from prosecution in order to encourage calls for medical intervention in overdose situations. Unfortunately, the current implementation of the Len Bias law diminishes the potential of GSOL to save lives because addicts are faced the possibility of a homicide charge when they summon help for an overdose victim. With the rise of lethal synthetic opioids in Wisconsin, the criminal justice system must adjust its current laws and practices in order to reduce overdose deaths. The criminalization of addiction represented by the Len Bias law thwarts rehabilitation efforts, miring addicts in a cycle of incarceration and drug use that ends with death in too many cases. This Comment proposes a solution: separating addicts from for-profit drug dealers in the eyes of the law by implementing a joint-user defense in Len Bias cases. Addicts are more likely to use opioids with other addicts than alone. By removing the possibility of a homicide conviction, addicts will more readily utilize the GSOL and call for medical intervention when a fellow addict is overdosing. Additionally, separating addicts from dealers allows the Len Bias law to be charged in accordance with its intended purpose, while freeing up investigatory and prosecutorial resources for the more complex task of investigating commercial drug dealers and disrupting the drug trade. This proposed solution would begin to align Wisconsin’s criminal laws with the state’s rehabilitation-focused public health efforts at combating opioid addiction in communities and reducing overdose deaths.

Ineffective Public Participation for EIA: The Cause of Environmental Issues in Malaysia?

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) foster communication between participators to yield a more environmentally sound decision for a proposed development. Public participation is an integral element in EIA to ensure a successful EIA. Effective public participation encourages community empowerment, fair and democratic decisions and reduce thus avoid public confrontation and delay. Effective public participation is one of the key pillars to achieve effective EIA. Environmental issues are known to be the negative outcome of a poorly implemented EIA process. This paper discusses seven environmental cases that were produced from ineffective application of EIA such as Bakun Dam, Murum Dam, Baram Dam, bauxite mining in Kuantan, gold mining in Bukit Koman, sturgeon farming in Kuala Tahan and Lynas plant. The seven cases focused on the lack of public participation in the administration of EIA. Public objections and protests were results of ineffective public participations and ineffective EIAs in the chosen cases. Four out of seven cases have made substantive results where the projects stopped or ceased due to the public objections. Meanwhile, the three cases went on till today. Conclusively, these cases has shown that public participation in EIA is a valuable tool which encourages transparent decision-making process and defies corrupted influences.

Feature extraction of the hydraulic pump fault based on improved Autogram

Abstract Autogram is a good tool to extract the fault feature information from a fault vibration signal of rolling element bearings. Structure of a hydraulic pump is more complicated than the rolling element bearings, and its vibration signal is more contaminated by heavy Gaussian and non-Gaussian noises if slipper wear fault happens, and too many noise amplitudes can be introduced into computation of kurtosis in the time domain, and a data source of containing rich fault feature information cannot be successfully selected by the kurtosis, and it is ineffective application of the hydraulic pump. Aiming to resolve the above problems, an improved Autogram called PSE-Autogram is proposed. Its key and different selection of the data source is completed by the power spectral entropy (PSE) rather than the kurtosis, and the fault feature information can be made highlighted and noise can be suppressed by PSE in the frequency domain, and shortcomings of the original Autogram can be effectively overcame. A simulated signal and a slipper wear fault signal are tested and verified, and results demonstrate that PSE-Autogram performs better than Autogram and traditional fast kurtogram based on the assessment criterion of feature energy ratio.

Відповідальність за порушення карантину та санітарних правил і норм щодо запобігання поширенню коронавірусної інфекції (COVID-19) в Україні

The article analyzes the current state of application of effective mechanisms of legal support of quarantine requirements and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases. To achieve this goal, an analysis of current legislation on the grounds for establishing liability for quarantine, examined the results of court proceedings initiated for non-compliance with norms and rules for the prevention of infectious diseases, identified factors of low efficiency of Art. 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses in establishing administrative liability for violations of quarantine and sanitary norms and rules. It is established that the issues of administrative and criminal liability for violation of quarantine and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases are regulated by Articles 42, 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is determined that one of the problems of ineffective application of Articles 44-3, 42 of the Administrative Code and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is an array of new rules for the prevention of COVID-19, which is constantly changing and introduced by various actors. Another reason was the professional unpreparedness of officials of the internal affairs bodies (National Police) of Ukraine to apply sanitary and epidemiological norms when drawing up protocols on violations of quarantine norms. The study found that despite the timeliness and necessity of the regulations to establish liability for violations of statutory rules and regulations introduced to prevent COVID-19, they have a number of legal conflicts, contradictions and gaps. Proposals to eliminate these shortcomings these shortcomings were substantiated. Keywords: quarantine, administrative liability, criminal liability, infectious diseases, coronavirus, prevention, informed agreement

Application of Different Commercial Tourniquets by Laypersons: Would Public-access Tourniquets Work Without Training?

The White House "Stop the Bleed" campaign has renewed interest in public-access bleeding kits and the use of tourniquets by the lay public. The objective of this study was to determine which type of tourniquet could be applied most effectively by the lay public using only manufacturer instructions included with each tourniquet. This prospective study randomized participants to one of four different tourniquets (SOFTT-W, CAT, RMT, SWAT-T). Participants were all over 18years of age. Individuals with prior military, EMS, or patient-care medical experience were excluded. Using only the manufacturer's packaging instructions, participants were asked to apply a tourniquet on a simulated bleeding arm. A trained observer noted if tourniquet application by the participant was effective, partially effective, or ineffective based on reduction or cessation of simulated blood flow. Participant's application of the tourniquet was also timed (in seconds) by the observer. The primary outcome of our study was the effectiveness of application for each of the four tourniquets. Secondary outcome was time to effective application. A total of 176 participants were enrolled. For untrained laypersons the RMT had the highest effective application rate of 64.4% and was also the most rapidly applied at 100.9±8.8seconds (95% confidence interval [CI]= 83.1 to 118.6). The SWAT-T had the highest ineffective application rate (55.5%) than any other tourniquet type (p=0.002). There was no effect of age or education on time to application for any tourniquet type. Effective applications were performed significantly faster than partially effective or ineffective applications (93.4±5.8 [95% CI= 81.7 to 104.9] vs. 136.7±8.7 [95% CI= 118.8 to 154.7] vs. 151.9±8.3 [95% CI= 135.2 to 168.6]; p≤0.001). There was no difference in time between partial and ineffective applications (p=0.261). Our study suggests that laypersons could benefit from prior training to effectively apply tourniquets in emergency situations. Of the tourniquets studied, the RMT was the most effectively and most rapidly applied.

Numerical Analysis of a Rock Bolt Load Indicator Washer Neglecting the Stress Relaxation Effect

Rock bolts are components of tunnel support structures and their efficacy in reinforcement requires the appropriate estimation of the bolt pre-tension. However, cases of ineffective rock bolt application due to loosening are common which leads to the potential failure of the support structures, thus negatively affecting the tunnel stability. The effective employment of pre-tensioned bolt within support structures requires an appropriate installation tension as a result of sufficient bolt head/nut pre-load. Henceforth, this paper presents a load indicator washer (LIW) capable of withstanding assigned static loading as well as provides an appropriate pre-tension. The different LIW breadths are numerically analysed in the finite element code (ABAQUS) to estimate deformation when a designated 60-kN pre-load is applied. The numerical simulation employs a bi-linear isotropic hardening constitutive law governed by the von Mises yield criterion. The simulation also considers the nominal temperature of the nut-LIW-rock bolt connection. Therefore, a long-term relaxation effect on bolt pre-tension as a result of stress relaxation is neglected. The compressive force required to achieve the LIW-predetermined deformation is the bolt pre-tension. It is drawn from the simulation results that the 1.5-, 2.0-, 3.0-, 3.5-, and 4.0-mm-thick LIWs are completely flattened when subjected to 28-, 42.5-, 65-, 76-, and 88-kN pre-load respectively.

An Overview of the Green Building Performance Database

Research on how the database method can assist building performance diagnosis has become an important direction of current green building studies. Many research institutions have paid great attention to the building performance database, adopting new technologies to integrate indoor environmental quality and occupant satisfaction with building energy consumption data. This paper introduces and summarizes the data types, collection methods, and applications of current building performance databases, including those in the United States, the European Union, Japan, and Australia, as well as China. In view of the current problems of limited coverage, poor quality, and ineffective application of green buildings in China, this paper proposes a three-dimensional framework for green building performance databases. The collection and optimization methods of green building performance data are also discussed.

P2850Time to isolation guided hot balloon ablation for pulmonary vein isolation

Abstract Background One disadvantage of hot balloon ablation (HBA) system is that real time monitoring of pulmonary vein (PV) potential is technically impossible. Therefore, the optimal radiofrequency-generated thermal energy application duration and application number are not completely established. Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of 2Fr 4-electrode unidirectional catheter inserted into PV along with HB for real time monitoring of PV potential and investigate the time to isolation (TTI) guided optimal application strategy for HB based PV isolation in the acute phase. Methods We evaluated 23 consecutive patients who performed PV isolation using HBA system. Real time monitoring of PV potential was performed by 2Fr 4-electrode unidirectional catheter inserted into PV along with HB (Figure1A). After HBA applications, PV isolation was validated by high-resolution mapping with the 20-pole steerable mapping (PENTARAY) catheter as a standard. PV potentials during HBA application were categorized into five patterns. PV potentials disappeared during HBA applications and not emerged again (acute isolation), disappeared but verified by PENTARAY catheter (pseudo isolation), once disappeared but emerged again during the same application (acute reconnection), visible but not disappeared (ineffective application) and Invisible (Figure1B). TTI, difference between TTI and time to reach target temperature (TTRT), balloon temperature at isolation and ablation time after isolation were examined for each applications. Results Out of 92 PVs, 69/92 (75.0%) PVs were isolated using HBA and 23/92 (25.0%) PVs required touch up ablation. In total, 120 applications were performed. Real time monitoring of the PV activity was obtained in 114 of 120 applications (95.0%). The distribution of PV potential patterns were 64/120 (53.3%), 2/120 (1.7%), 27/120 (22.5%), 23/120 (19.2%), for acute isolation, pseudo isolation, acute reconnection, ineffective application, respectively. TTI and difference between TTI and TTRT were significantly shorter in the acute isolation group. Balloon temperature at isolation was significantly lower, TTRT and ablation time after isolation was significantly longer in the acute isolation group. Among them, TTI and difference between TTI and TTRT were highly predictive by receiver operation characteristics curve analysis. TTI <36.5s predicted successful application with sensitivity 83.9% and specificity 79.3%. Difference between TTI and TTRT <6.5s predicted with sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 89.7%. Figure 1 Conclusions In HBA system, real time monitoring of PV potentials can be obtained using 2Fr 4-electrode unidirectional catheter and accuracy to confirm an ostial PV isolation is relatively high. TTI <36.5s and difference between TTI and TTRT <6.5s could be a suitable target for effective application.

Comparison of perioperative conditions between total and partial colpocleisis for elderly patients suffered from severe pelvic organ prolapse

Objective: To study perioperative period conditions of total and partial colpocleisis with severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in elderly patients. Methods: From Jan. 2014 to Oct. 2017 286 severe POP elderly patients underwent total or partial colpocleisis. The mean age was (76.0±5.1) years (60-90 years) . Of which, 220 patients (76.9%, 220/286) presented more than one kind of medical disease. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay after surgery, postoperative complications, preoperative urinary dysuria symptoms of total and partial colpocleisis in treatment of 286 patients were analyzed. Results: In 286 patients, 172 patients (60.1%) underwent total colpocleisis and 114 patients (39.9%) underwent partial colpocleisis. Totally 48 patients (16.8%) in 286 patients underwent anti-urinary incontinence procedure. The mean operating time of 286 patients was (67±22) minutes,the mean blood loss was (52± 57) ml, the mean hospital stay after surgery was (5.9±1.9) days (2-16 days) . The rate of postoperative complications was 8.7% (25/286) . Those complications including 1 case of bladder injury during operation, 3 cases of postoperative pelvic hematoma, 1 case of intestinal obstruction, 5 cases of atrial fibrillation, 10 cases of postoperative morbidity, 3 cases of pulmonary embolism, 1 case of lower limb thrombosis, 1 case of urinary retention underwent electrical stimulation treatment because of ineffective application of urinary retention catheter. The mean operating time was (67±22) minutes in total colpocleisis and (68±20) minutes in partial colpocleisis (P>0.05) , the mean blood loss was (58±62) ml in total colpocleisis and (41±45) ml in partial colpocleisis (P>0.05) , the mean hospital stay after surgery was (5.9±1.9) days in total colpocleisis and (6.0±1.8) days in partial colpocleisis (P>0.05) , the rate of post operative complications was 8.1%(14/172) in total colpocleisis and 9.6% (11/114) in partial colpocleisis (P>0.05) , respectively; those four of comparisons showed no significant difference. There were 129 patients (45.1%, 129/286) with voiding difficulty before surgery; the mean postvoid residual volumes of the above two operation types of people after operation were (35±43) and (34±41) ml, which showed no significant difference (P>0.05) . Conclusions: Colpocleisis is a safe and effective management in selected elderly patients with severe POP, who no longer desire to maintain vaginal coital function. There is no significant difference in the perioperative period conditions between total and partial colpocleisis. The choice of surgical procedure is based on factors such as the presence or absence of malignancy in the uterus, age and willingness of the patient, and general condition.

Heightened Expectations: The Rise of the Human Growth Hormone Industry in America by Aimee Medeiros

Reviewed by: Heightened Expectations: The Rise of the Human Growth Hormone Industry in America by Aimee Medeiros Howard I. Kushner Aimee Medeiros. Heightened Expectations: The Rise of the Human Growth Hormone Industry in America. Nexus. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2018. xii + 195 pp. Ill. $39.95 (978–0–8173–1910–6). Aimee Medeiros has produced a nuanced and persuasive examination of the origins and evolution of human growth hormone industry in America. Its wider implications for historians of medicine, especially those examining the role of the pharmaceutical industry, are profound. Medeiros shows that the attitudes and interventions toward short stature in boys predated the pharmaceutical interest and development of human growth hormones. Only decades later would the pharmaceutical industry add its voice to the health effects of short stature. Medeiros makes a persuasive case that stigmatization of short stature among boys had its origins long before the application of growth hormone therapy. It was not, she demonstrates, driven by the pharmaceutical industry. The book has three main “themes.” First, as discussed above, “the pharmaceutical companies cannot be considered the sole culprits in framing short stature as a disease” (p. 3). Rather she points to the role of the development of the rise of pediatric specialty and its growing reliance surveys and height charts as “diagnostic tools” which set “standards” for “normal” child growth and development. A second theme focuses on the “origins of growth hormone therapy in the United States, and in doing so resets the beginning of the GH (growth hormone) industry to the early twentieth century” (p. 3). Here Medeiros examines the period preceding the reliance on cadaver-based human growth hormone and traces the history its ineffective application and the substitution in the 1950s of the male sex hormone, testosterone. [End Page 137] Her third theme “focuses on how, in the twentieth century, changing sociological notions about gender and masculinity influenced the development of medical treatment of children with short stature” (p. 4). For Medeiros “the history of the rise of the human growth hormone industry is a poignant example of the creation of a ‘desire machine,’ demonstrating how anxieties processes of production, and desires get grafted on to one another” (p. 5). Drawing on the work of Georges Canguilhem, she revisits scientific notions of what constitutes the normal and the pathological, as well as more recent work on what constitutes disability. A wide range of scholarship informs this study, “including the history of hormones, feminist scholarship on gender in medicine, men’s studies on hegemonic masculinity, and disability studies” (p. 9). Medeiros draws on a wide variety of popular sources including film, photography, and popular music. She uncovers the roots of these policies and attitudes in such diverse places as Barnum and Bailey Circus and in the munchkins of L. Frank Baum’s, Wizard of Oz film, and the seven “dwarfs” in the Disney film Snow White. Its late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century origins can be traced to the Progressive concerns with the health effects of child labor. She provides elaborate discussion of the progressive photographer, Lewis Hine to illustrate that short stature among boys was used as evidence of the harmful effects of child labor. Nevertheless, in these early years interventions were ineffective, despite the ubiquity of school height charts which established “normal” versus “abnormal.” Medeiros examines how changes in attitudes toward gender and normality affected attitudes toward short stature. Only later would the development of human hormone interventions insert itself in these long-held attitudes and practices. This is the historical perspective in which Medeiros examines the rise of what would become a billion-dollar industry that reinforced the messages of the need to intervene against what was labelled as short stature, and, more widely, as a threat to the health and development of short stature children. In a series of chapters she examines the evolution of short stature as a problem as an issue of masculinity, the medicalization of midgets, the early and unfulfilled promise of growth hormone, news coverage of GH, and how this failure impacted those with short stature. With a medical diagnosis, but without an effective treatment, those of short stature continued to be stigmatized. Medeiros examines the...

Brain drain in higher education: Critical voices on teacher education in Yemen

Brain drain is a context-based issue and has direct impact on the quality of higher education for institutions where a significant number of instructors migrate to take up work in other countries. This is a critical problem in Yemen where higher teacher education programmes still lack teachers. Interpretive analysis of in-depth interviews with two university administrators and ten teacher educators revealed four key factors affecting the occurrence of brain drain: ineffective application of sabbatical leave regulations; failure to equalize returning teachers' salaries with those of their colleagues; lack of resources to support research; and the presence of internal and external conflicts. The study also provides insights for decreasing brain drain in Yemen.

Safety Practice and Employee Productivity in Selected Mining Firms in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

There is growing uncertainty about the application of safety practices for the desired employee productivity. This uncertainty arises from a disagreement from two schools of thought as to whether or not safety practices have a direct impact on the productivity of mining firms. This disagreement has resulted to ineffective application of safety practices in securing a healthy working environment necessary for operational excellence. Therefore, this study, sought to establish the correct link between safety practices and employee productivity of selected mining firms in Ebonyi State. The specific objectives of the study are: to determine the extent to which safety culture relates to production output of employees and to ascertain the extent to which safety procedures relate to work input of employees of the selected mining firms in Ebonyi State The study employed a correlational design such that structured questionnaire designed in 5-point likert scale was administered on the sample of two hundred and eighty four (284) drawn from the three senatorial districts of Ebonyi State, out of which, 270 copies were returned, and subsequently used for the analysis. The data collected from respondents were analyzed with Pearson Product Correlation Coefficient via SPSS version .20. The study employed component factor analysis using varimax rotation to ensure the usability and suitability of the research instrument. Also, for sampling adequacy Bartlett Test of Sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin were employed. Test retest approach was employed such that Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the research instrument. The study revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between safety culture and production output of employees (r = 0.83) and a significant and positive relationship between safety procedures and work input of employees. From the findings, the study concludes that there is a significant relationship between safety practices and employee productivity. The implication of the result is that effective utilization of safety practices will provide convivial and healthy working environment necessary for improved production output and therefore recommended that management of these firms should take effective measure in ensuring full comply with safety practices of their organizations through hierarchy of control-system-mechanism.

Evaluating Health of Emerging Economies Through the Eyes of Heart Valve Disease in the Transcatheter Era

China and India are the 2 fastest growing major world economies. However, they suffer from great differences in health policies, demographics, and rates of population growth. Whereas China has seen a steep decline in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and a rise in life expectancy, India continues to suffer from a significant burden of RHD due to insufficient distribution of economic prosperity to health care, denser population, and ineffective application of World Health Organization RHD prevention guidelines. As China faces the burden of the world's largest geriatric population, focus has shifted to calcific aortic stenosis for which it prepares by expansions in the field of transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Conversely, India has a younger population and a lower average life expectancy. Therefore, focus in India has still not shifted to calcific aortic stenosis as a major cause of morbidity and mortality as RHD continues to constitute the bulk of valvular heart disease.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Maternal Mental Health

One out of every five to seven births is affected by postpartum depression, making it the most common maternal health problem in the first year after childbirth. Early identification and treatment are essential, though screening and treatment rates are low. Factors that inhibit effective screening and treatment include lack of uniform screening policies in all maternal health settings, poor coordination of care between primary care and mental health services, inadequate coordination of community education efforts and resources, social stigma surrounding mental health treatment, and ineffective application of research and technology in the clinical setting. An interdisciplinary model that includes primary care providers, mental health professionals, community resources, policy makers, researchers, and technological innovators addresses these gaps in care and enhances screening and treatment efforts that improve overall maternal and child health. We present a promising interdisciplinary cross-organizational approach coalescing diverse perspectives from those working across policy, research, training, primary care, and mental health in various disciplines to practice collaboratively to improve perinatal mental healthcare.

An EcoCity model for regulating urban land cover structure and thermal environment: Taking Beijing as an example

Urban land-use/cover changes and their effects on the eco-environment have long been an active research topic in the urbanization field. However, the characteristics of urban inner spatial heterogeneity and its quantitative relationship with thermal environment are still poorly understood, resulting in ineffective application in urban ecological planning and management. Through the integration of “spatial structure theory” in urban geography and “surface energy balance” in urban climatology, we proposed a new concept of urban surface structure and thermal environment regulation to reveal the mechanism between urban spatial structure and surface thermal environment. We developed the EcoCity model for regulating urban land cover structure and thermal environment, and established the eco-regulation thresholds of urban surface thermal environments. Based on the comprehensive analysis of experimental observation, remotely sensed and meteorological data, we examined the spatial patterns of urban habitation, industrial, infrastructure service, and ecological spaces. We examined the impacts of internal land-cover components (e.g., urban impervious surfaces, greenness, and water) on surface radiation and heat flux. This research indicated that difference of thermal environments among urban functional areas is closely related to the proportions of the land-cover components. The highly dense impervious surface areas in commercial and residential zones significantly increased land surface temperature through increasing sensible heat flux, while greenness and water decrease land surface temperature through increasing latent heat flux. We also found that different functional zones due to various proportions of green spaces have various heat dissipation roles and ecological thresholds. Urban greening projects in highly dense impervious surfaces areas such as commercial, transportation, and residential zones are especially effective in promoting latent heat dissipation efficiency of vegetation, leading to strongly cooling effect of unit vegetation coverage. This research indicates that the EcoCity model provides the fundamentals to understand the coupled mechanism between urban land use structure and surface flux and the analysis of their spatiotemporal characteristics. This model provides a general computational model system for defining urban heat island mitigation, the greening ratio indexes, and their regulating thresholds for different functional zones.

Tingkat Pengetahuan Perawat Dengan Efektivitas Penerapan Mpkp Di Rsud H. A. Sulthan Daeng Radja Kabupaten Bulukumba

Knowledge is one of the factors that influence the implementation of the Professional Nursing Practice Model (MPKP). The phenomena and incidents that occurred in the Seruni treatment room showed that the application of MPKP was still not effective. Where there are some nurses who do not know what MPKP is. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the level of knowledge of nurses about MPKP with the effectiveness of implementing MPKP in Seruni Room of H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja District Hospital in Bulukumba 2016. This type of research is an Analytical Observational study with a Cross Sectional design. The population in this study were all nurses in the Seruni Room of the H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Hospital in Bulukumba Regency which numbered 30 people. The sampling technique in this study is the Total Sampling method with a sample of 30 respondents. The statistical test used was the Fisher-Extract Test. The results obtained that, in the form of nurses' knowledge level about MPKP with the effectiveness of the application of MPKP with a value of p = 0.045 <p (0.05). The results show that respondents who have a good level of knowledge are 10 respondents (33.3%) and respondents who have a lack of knowledge level are equal to 20 respondents (66.7%). Effective MPKP implementation was 12 respondents (40%) and ineffective MPKP application was 18 respondents (60%). With the conclusion that there is a relationship between the level of nurses' knowledge about MPKP with the effectiveness of implementing MPKP in the Seruni Room of the H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja District Hospital in Bulukumba 2016. Suggestions from this research are expected to be an effort to develop a model of professional nursing practice (MPKP) in each hospital, especially to continue to encourage concrete steps by continuing to increase the frequency of MPKP training for nurses so that the application of MPKP will be continuous with the good quality of service obtained by patients in the hospital.

Performance management in SME high-growth sectors and high-impact sectors in Thailand

Performance management (PM) plays a vital role in the successful operation of an organization. It is essential for organizations to understand the correlations between factors, problems and solutions to enhance the efficiency of PM. Mixed method research is applied, including explanatory sequential design (Quan → Qual). By analysing findings and interviews from a cluster of small and medium enterprise (SME) high-growth sectors and high-impact sectors based on descriptive and inferential statistics, the PM finding is that these two SMEs are not different. Moreover, the factors that influence PM are recruitment, retention and retirement. Regarding PM problems, the key factors are a lack of employee participation, unclear goals, unfair evaluations, ineffectual communication and ineffective application of evaluations to improve PM. Therefore, related private and government organizations should enhance their knowledge and understanding of problem-solving procedures by attending trainings or discussing these topics with experts to raise their awareness of PM and to learn how to resolve related issues, particularly factors that directly influence PM, to ensure progress in their performance.