Industrial Science Research Articles

An instructional lab apparatus for quantum experiments with single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Hands-on experimental experience with quantum systems in the undergraduate physics curriculum provides students with a deeper understanding of quantum physics and equips them for the fast-growing quantum science industry. Here, we present an experimental apparatus for performing quantum experiments with single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. This apparatus is capable of basic experiments such as single-qubit initialization, rotation, and measurement, as well as more advanced experiments investigating electron–nuclear spin interactions. We describe the basic physics of the NV center and give examples of potential experiments that can be performed with this apparatus. We also discuss the options and inherent trade-offs associated with the choice of diamond samples and hardware. The apparatus described here enables students to write their own experimental control and data analysis software from scratch, all within a single semester of a typical lab course, as well as to inspect the optical components and inner workings of the apparatus. We hope that this work can serve as a standalone resource for any institution that would like to integrate a quantum instructional lab into its undergraduate physics and engineering curriculum.

RETRACTION: Boroxine Nanotubes: Moisture‐Sensitive Morphological Transformation and Guest Release

AbstractRETRACTION: K. Ishikawa, N. Kameta, M. Masuda, M. Asakawa, T. Shimizu, “Boroxine Nanotubes: Moisture‐Sensitive Morphological Transformation and Guest Release,” Advanced Functional Materials 24, no. 5 (2013): 603–609, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201302005.The above article, published online on 16 September 2013 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Jörn Ritterbusch; and Wiley‐VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon authors' request and following an investigation by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) due to image falsification in electron microscopy images in Figures 1g, 1h, 1i, 2a, 2b, 2c, S1a, S1b, and S1c, where the second author falsified incorrect scale bars; all affecting the interpretation of the data and research results presented.

RETRACTION: Soft Nanotubes with a Hydrophobic Channel Hybridized with Au Nanoparticles: Photothermal Dispersion/Aggregation Control of C60 in Water

AbstractRETRACTION: K. Ishikawa, N. Kameta, M. Aoyagi, M. Asakawa, T. Shimizu, “Soft Nanotubes with a Hydrophobic Channel Hybridized with Au Nanoparticles: Photothermal Dispersion/Aggregation Control of C60 in Water,” Advanced Functional Materials 23 no. 13 (2012): 1677–1683, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201202160.The above article, published online on 22 October 2012 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Jörn Ritterbusch; and Wiley‐VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon the authors' request following an investigation by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), due to image falsification in electron microscopy images. In Figure 1a, the second author used an incorrect scale bar and carelessly placed incorrect scale bars in Figures 1b, 5a, 5b, and 5c. As a result, the research results presented are considered unreliable.

Lignin: An Adaptable Biodegradable Polymer Used in Different Formulation Processes.

LIG is a biopolymer found in vascular plant cell walls that is created by networks of hydroxylated and methoxylated phenylpropane that are randomly crosslinked. Plant cell walls contain LIG, a biopolymer with significant potential for usage in modern industrial and pharmaceutical applications. It is a renewable raw resource. The plant is mechanically protected by this substance, which may increase its durability. Because it has antibacterial and antioxidant qualities, LIG also shields plants from biological and chemical challenges from the outside world. Researchers have done a great deal of work to create new materials and substances based on LIG. Numerous applications, including those involving antibacterial agents, antioxidant additives, UV protection agents, hydrogel-forming molecules, nanoparticles, and solid dosage forms, have been made with this biopolymer. For this review, a consistent literature screening using the Pubmed database from 2019-2024 has been performed. The results showed that there is an increase in interest in lignin as an adaptable biomolecule. The most recent studies are focused on the biosynthesis and antimicrobial properties of lignin-derived molecules. Also, the use of lignin in conjunction with nanostructures is actively explored. Overall, lignin is a versatile molecule with multiple uses in industry and medical science.

DSHEA 1994 – Celebrating 30 Years of Dietary Supplement Regulation in the United States

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 defined the FDA’s statutory authority to regulate dietary supplement products as a category of food in the United States. As we celebrate 30 years post-DSHEA, it is important to reflect on its significance for public health, influence on the continuously evolving and expanding product category, the current regulatory framework, and potential opportunities or modernizing oversight to ensure a strong and well-regulated marketplace. An estimated three-fourths of U.S. consumers report use of dietary supplements, and the product market has grown substantially since the passage of DSHEA, from approximately 4,000 products in 1994 to 80,000+ present day. This growth represents a current $60 billion domestic and $200 billion international market for dietary supplements. Scientists, public health officials, health care providers, patients, consumer advocacy organizations, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have all called for reform to what has been described as ‘outdated’ regulation of dietary supplements. Advancing at an even faster rate is published scientific evidence in the space. This special issue of the Journal of Dietary Supplements comprises a collection of articles authored by academicians, legal scholars, representatives of U.S. government agencies, and industry scientists that critically examine the successes, challenges, and opportunities for improving specific aspects of DSHEA and domestic health policy. This editorial provides historical context and milestones of dietary supplement regulation in the U.S. post-DSHEA and offers an overview of the research contained within the special issue. Advancing toward a more transparent and safer marketplace requires trustworthy supply chains, increased adherence to quality standards, additional labeling requirements, and enhancement of post-market surveillance. This special issue seeks to contribute to the broader understanding of dietary supplement regulation and its future direction.

Charting the Research Status for Bamboo Resources and Bamboo as a Sustainable Plastic Alternative: A Bibliometric Review

With the increasing pollution caused by plastic products, people’s awareness of environmental protection has gradually increased. Based on the advantages of China’s bamboo resources and bamboo industry, the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan launched the ‘Utilizing bamboo as a sustainable alternative to plastic’ initiative in November 2022 to accelerate the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This initiative provides a nature-based solution for global sustainable development, which will have a profound impact on promoting global green development, industrial science and technology, social services, cultural exchanges, and other fields. It has a huge market capacity and application potential. This study aims to understand the research status, hotspots, development trends, and prospects of this initiative. WoS and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for the relevant literature on ‘utilizing bamboo as a sustainable alternative to plastic bamboo as plastic’ and ‘bamboo resources’ from the establishment of the database to 2024. Bibliometric methods and VOSviewer were used to analyze 1855 literatures with the above two keywords published in the Web of Science core set database from 2000 to 2024. A visual analysis was performed on the number of publications, national research institutions, researchers, number of citations, and research topics of the literature. For example, China, the United States, and India ranked in the top three in terms of the number of articles published, with 1103, 267, and 167, respectively. China had the highest number of citations, reaching 26,607. At the same time, the literature with ‘bamboo’ as the keyword in CNKI was analyzed to understand the species of bamboo currently studied. A literature investigation was carried out around the resource cultivation of the bamboo industry in our country, and it was found that the research on ‘use bamboo as plastic’ and ‘bamboo resources’ had been valued by scholars at home and abroad, and had formed a relatively stable research group. Using scientific and technological innovation to improve the product quality of ‘bamboo instead of plastic’, expanding its application scope and market demand, and realizeing the sustainable industry development of ‘bamboo instead of plastic’ is the current research hotspot and the future development direction.

Two-Dimensional Hydration and Triple-Interlayer Lattice Structures in Sulfate-Intercalated Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

Sulfate anions (SO42−) are pivotal in various scientific and industrial domains, including mineralogy, biology, and materials science. While extensive research has elucidated sulfate hydration in bulk solids, liquids, and gaseous clusters, a significant gap persists in understanding sulfate interactions within two-dimensional materials, particularly graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. This study investigates the intricate hydration phenomena and novel triple-interlayer lattice configurations that emerge from sulfate intercalation in GO nanosheets. Utilizing a straightforward methodology for obtaining precise X-ray measurements of confined nanospaces, we analyzed the temperature-dependent behavior and structural characteristics of these systems. Our findings reveal how sulfate ions modulate interlayer spacing, the dynamics of GO layers, and phase transitions. This research offers an atomic-scale understanding of hybrid hydration behaviors within confined SO4-H2O nano-environments, advancing our knowledge of sulfate interactions in two-dimensional materials.

Mechanochemical Transformations of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: Polymorphs and Coformer Exchange.

Transformations of solid samples under solvent-free or minimal solvent conditions set the future trend and define a modern strategy for the production of new materials. Of the various technologies tested in recent years, the mechanochemical approach seems to be the most promising.The aim of this review article is to present the current state of art in solid state research on binary systems, which have found numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and materials science industries. This article is divided into three sections. In the first part, we describe the new equipment improvements.A brief description of techniques dedicated to ex-situ and in-situ studies of progress and the mechanism of solid matter transformation is presented. In the second section, we discuss the problem of cocrystal polymorphism highlighting the issue related with correlation between mechanochemical parameters (time, temperature, energy, molar ratio,liquid assistant, surface energy, crystal size, crystal shape) and preference for the formation of requested polymorph. The last part is devoted to the description of the processes of coformer exchange in binary systems forced by mechanical and/or thermal stimuli. The influence of the thermodynamic factor on the selection of the best-suited partner for the formation of a two-component structure is presented.

A Retrospective Study of Technology Business Incubators in the Philippines

This study aims to assess Technology Business Incubators under (TBIs) the Higher Education Institution Readiness for Innovation and Technopreneurship (HeIRIT) with the auspices of the UPSCALE Innovation Hub, University of the Philippines-Diliman and the Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD). Twenty TBIs were identified to give feedback and used as study participants using a questionnaire created by researchers based on the existing DOST metrics. The study's findings provided insightful information for implementing authorities both internal and external reforms.

Электронный учебник по высшей математике на основе визуализации учебного контента

The strategy for the digital transformation of the science and higher education industries sets one of the tasks to create digital educational services that allow the implementation of individual learning trajectories. According to this goal, the main content component of the educational process – the textbook – should also change. Since the transition of educational literature to electronic form, the pedagogical community has been developing theoretical foundations and technologies for designing electronic textbooks in new formats. The use of digital tools makes it possible to create different types of textbooks in the same discipline, differing in purpose, depth and target audience. This approach promotes individualization of learning. The article presents the format of electronic educational literature, based on visualization of educational content and dosing of information. The authors embodied this idea in mathematics textbooks for first-year undergraduate students “Linear Algebra EASILY!” and “Mathematical analysis EASILY!”. The experience of introducing them into the educational process has shown that they are in demand by students for self-study, and, to a greater extent, by students who experience difficulties in mastering higher mathematics. The described format can be used to create electronic textbooks in various disciplines and will be useful for distance learning students, foreign students and students with disabilities.

RETRACTION: Thermoresponsive PEG-Coated Nanotubes as Chiral Selectors of Amino Acids and Peptides.

N. Kameta, J. Dong, H. Yui, "Thermoresponsive PEG-Coated Nanotubes as Chiral Selectors of Amino Acids and Peptides," Small 14, no. 15 (2018): 1800030, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800030. The above article, published online on 13 March 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, Naohiro Kameta, Jiuchao Dong and Hiroharu Yui; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Neville Compton; and Wiley-VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon following an investigation into concerns raised by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and also requested by authors due to image fabrication and falsification in electron microscopy images. In Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and S1b (Supporting Information), where the first author fabricated incorrect TEM images using data shown in Figures 2d and S1a (Supporting Information); all affecting the interpretation of the data and research results presented.

RETRACTION: Shrinkable Nanotubes for Duplex Formation of Short Nucleotides.

N. Kameta, H. Akiyama, "Shrinkable Nanotubes for Duplex Formation of Short Nucleotides," Small 14, no. 34 (2018): 1801967, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201801967. The above article, published online on 18 July 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, Naohiro Kameta and Haruhisa Akiyama; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Neville Compton; and Wiley-VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon following an investigation into concerns raised by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and also requested by all authors due to image falsification in electron microscopy images. The TEM images of Figures 2a and 2c, and SEM images of Figures S1a and S1b (Supporting Information), where the first author falsificated incorrect scale bars; all affecting the interpretation of the data and research results presented.

RETRACTION: Supramolecular Nanotube Reactors for Production of Imine Polymers with Controlled Conformation, Size, and Chirality.

N. Kameta, W. Ding, "Supramolecular Nanotube Reactors for Production of Imine Polymers with Controlled Conformation, Size, and Chirality," Small 15, no. 19 (2019): 1900682, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201900682. The above article, published online on 28 March 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, Naohiro Kameta and Wuxiao Ding; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Neville Compton; and Wiley-VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon following an investigation into concerns raised by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and also requested by all authors due to image falsification in electron microscopy images. The SEM and TEM images of Figure 6a, 6b-1, 6b-2, 6c-1 upper left, 6c-1 upper right, 6c-1 lower, 6c-2, 6d, 6e, and 6f, where the first author falsificated incorrect scale bars; all affecting the interpretation of the data and research results presented.

Current status of technological advancement of ultrasound processing in the food industry and its SWOT analysis.

The use of conventional food processing techniques has almost vanished due to increase in demand with respect to time, thus opening new avenues for emerging technologies. Ultrasound (US) is a rapid, multifaceted, promising, and noninvasive green technology. It has attracted the attention of both industrial experts and scientists for its probable use in food processing and preservation. Using US, fully reproducible food processes can be accomplished in seconds or minutes with increased reliability, minimal processing cost, streamlined manipulation, elevated clarity to the end product, and expending only a fragment of the time and energy commonly required by conventional processes.This review emphasizes on the applications of ultrasound in different food sectors along with its certain limitations. Several operations such as microbial inactivation, enzyme inactivation, extraction, emulsification and fractionation in dairy industries, thermo-sonication in fruit juices have been discussed in detail. The US extracted dietary fiber consisted of increased amount of dietary fiber and trace elements in comparison to alkaline method. US initiate rapid creaming of milk fat, decreasing flavor loss and energy requirements thus enhancing the quality of end product. SWOT analysis has been carried out to pinpoint the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of sonication in various food industries.

QURANIC VERSES RELATED TO HALAL SCIENCE: A STUDY APPLYING THE TAFSIR AL-MAWDUIYMETHOD

To achieve success in the science and technology of halal, numerous kinds of stakeholders, including academics, industry players, and governmental entities, are making a major contribution. Simultaneously, there exists an interest in the discipline of philosophy that includes the discourse on epistemology, ontology, and axiology. This aims to inhibit the publics comprehension of halal science, which is fundamentally factual and scientific. As a result, the fundamental framework for comprehending halal science is through the study of the Quran. This paper analyzes the concept of halal science as presented in the Quran. This literature study employs a systematic approach of Tafsir al-Mawduiyto delineate and then examine the terminology of halal science in the Quran. The study identified three principal topics of halal science terminology in the Quran: first, the truth of the natural worlds creation second, revelation as the foundation of knowledge and third, human ethics and values. These three themes are the philosophy of Islamic science that are the basic paradigm in facing the theoretical issues of the halal science industry.

Bivariate Length-Biased Exponential Distribution under Progressive Type-II Censoring: Incorporating Random Removal and Applications to Industrial and Computer Science Data

Bivariate Length-Biased Exponential Distribution under Progressive Type-II Censoring: Incorporating Random Removal and Applications to Industrial and Computer Science Data

RETRACTION: Bioreactors Based on Enzymes Encapsulated in Photoresponsive Transformable Nanotubes and Nanocoils End‐Capped with Magnetic Nanoparticles

AbstractN. Kameta, Y. Manaka, H. Akiyama, T. Shimizu, “Bioreactors Based on Enzymes Encapsulated in Photoresponsive Transformable Nanotubes and Nanocoils End‐Capped with Magnetic Nanoparticles,” Advanced Biosystems 2, no. 4 (2018): 1700214, https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201700214.The above article, published online on 1 February 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, Naohiro Kameta, Yuichi Manaka, Haruhisa Akiyama and Toshimi Shimizu; the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Monty Montano; and Wiley‐VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed upon following an investigation into concerns raised by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and also requested by all authors due to image falsification and fabrication in electron microscopy images. In Figure 2a and 2f, where the first author falsified TEM images of irrelevant nanotubes that were developed by the authors in other studies; in Figures 2b and 2c, where the first author carelessly placed incorrect scale bars and scale values; all affecting the interpretation of the data and research results presented.

Study of the effect of feeding Tenebrio molitor larvae during their rearing on their growth, nutritional profile, value and safety of the produced flour

Science and food industry must strive to ensure and improve edible insect's benefits, and especially their safety and nutritional value. This study investigated how various food substrates used in the rearing of Tenebrio molitor larvae influence their growth, the safety of the larvae, and the nutritional quality of the resulting flour. The main findings indicate that all samples showed significant differences in their nutritional profile, larval characteristics, and heavy metal content. Regarding the content of protein, fat and fiber it ranges from 44.1 to 51.8 %, 28.6–34.8 % and 10.5–14.9 %, respectively. These results suggest that insect diet is a very crucial parameter that can affect all that factors and must be taken into account, especially when they are intended as raw materials to be used for food production.

RETRACTION: Antisense inhibition of Bcr-Abl/c-Abl synthesis promotes telomerase activity and upregulates tankyrase in human leukemia cells.

R. Bakalova, H. Ohba, Z. Zhelev, T. Kubo, M. Fujii, M. Ishikawa, Y. Shinohara, and Y. Baba, 'Antisense inhibition of Bcr-Abl/c-Abl synthesis promotes telomerase activity and upregulates tankyrase in human leukemia cells,' FEBS Letters 564, no. 1-2 (2004): 73-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00318-7. The above article, published online on 9 April 2004 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Michael Brunner; FEBS Press; the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Following publication, concerns were raised by a third-party regarding several figures in the article. The subsequent institutional investigation conducted by the AIST revealed: Inappropriate duplication of image panels within the article, between the β-actin loading controls for 4 and 6 days in the Western blot of Fig. 2A K-562; between the subpanels of the electrophoresis blots in Fig. 4A K-562 and Jurkat cells; and between the subpanels of the electrophoresis blots in Fig. 6B. Band insertion in the Western blot of Fig. 6A p210 Bcr-Ab lane. Inappropriate duplication of images between this article (Fig. 2A K562 β-actin and Fig. 4B K562 6 days treatment bands) and an earlier publication from 2003 by an overlapping group of authors representing different experimental conditions. Inappropriate duplication and modification of an image between this article (Figure 3A2) and an earlier publication from 2004 by an overlapping group of authors representing different experimental conditions. Therefore, the conclusions of the paper are substantially compromised and the institute has recommended the paper to be retracted. The editors of the journal agree with the retraction based on the institutional investigation.

410 Preparing yourself, or your students, for a career in the animal science industries

Abstract Preparing yourself, or your students, for a career in Animal Science related industries may seem to require a crystal ball. As important as the specific knowledge might seem, the animal science students of tomorrow will need skills, perspective, an open mindset, the ability to think critically and a desire to be a problem solver. Careers going forward will reward the polymaths who are adaptable and resilient. Experiential training, a hallmark of animal science teaching in recent decades, should, in future, cross three domains: research, animal management and work. Experience in identifying pertinent research questions, forming hypotheses, a plan to test them and skills to analyze the results will be crucial to solving livestock-related challenges of the future. Living the day-to-day experience of a livestock producer will create graduates who are better grounded in and empathetic to the reality of livestock management. And lastly, internships can provide great insight into the demands of, and varied skills required to succeed in, the workplace. Our curricula for the animal science employee of the future should have depth and a great deal of breadth. Excellent understanding of the basic sciences: chemistry, biology, physiology, microbiology, is a given in order that employees can grasp the ever-deeper level of knowledge we have of animal-based systems. In our view, careers of the future will also require working knowledge of a wide swath of disciplines. Students should recognize the increasing likelihood that they may work in a small, entrepreneurial business at some point in their career. In addition to their animal science expertise, they may be called upon to contribute to initiatives in marketing, finance, innovation, global trade, data analytics, communications, One Health, compliance, sustainability or business ethics, to name a few. At the risk of being labeled as a “jack of all trades and master of none”, the animal science employee of the future will need multiple skillsets, the flexibility to draw on all of them and the willingness to step up and contribute to the success of their employer.