Industry Revenue Research Articles

EFFECT OF CONSUMPTION ON ACCEPTANCE OF VALUE ADDED TAXES ( VAT ) IN INDONESIA DURING 1984-2016

<p><span class="fontstyle0">VAT is a tax component that contributes the most to total tax revenue, this study analyzed the relationship of consumption to VAT receipts, but there are other free control variables such as; the money supply, population, and industrial sector revenues. This study refers to previous research that has been carried out by Harju, Kosonen, and Skans (2018) , entitled about “Firm types, pricesetting strategies, and consumption-tax incidence”. This study uses a Time Series Model, that is : is a forecast of future values based on past values of a variable and past mistakes. Time series models are usually use for forecasting. The research method used is quantitative descriptive, by using the Eviews test tool. Because at the beginning of testing this research experienced problems on the classical assumption test, then to overcome the problem of classical assumption test, the test continues using estimation method Newey-West HAC regression model (heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent) standard error or more often called Newey-West HAC. The results of the study show that consumption as the main independent variable has a significant effect, and the control variable that has influence is the money supply and the industrial sector. the increasing amount of consumption each year can stimulate VAT revenues and economic growth in Indonesia</span><span class="fontstyle2">.</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle2"><br /></span><span class="fontstyle3">JEL Classification: </span><span class="fontstyle0">H20, H25, H26</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><br /></span><span class="fontstyle3">Keywords</span><span class="fontstyle0">: Consumption, Industrial sector Money Supply, VAT</span></p>

How dependent is the alcohol industry on heavy drinking in England?

To understand the extent of the alcohol industry's financial dependence on drinking above government low-risk guidelines in England. Scenario modelling using descriptive analyses of pooled data from the 2013 and 2014 waves of two nationally representative surveys: the Health Survey for England (HSE) and the Living Costs and Food Survey (LCF). We estimated the proportion of alcohol sales revenue accounted for by drinkers above guideline levels, and how this varies between different beverage and retailer types. We then estimated the impact on sales revenue if the entire population reduced their drinking to within guideline levels, as well as the average price increases necessary to compensate for such a loss of revenue. England. A total of 16 872 individual (HSE) and 9975 household (LCF) survey respondents. Transaction-level estimates of volume of alcohol purchased and price paid by beverage type and trade sector. Those drinking above guideline levels are estimated to account for 68% of total alcohol sales revenue in 2013/14: 81% of off-trade revenue and 60% of on-trade revenue. This represents 77% of beer, 70% of cider, 66% of wine and 50% of spirits sales value. The heaviest drinking 4% of the population account for 30% of all consumption and 23% of all industry revenue. If all consumers reduced their drinking to within guideline levels, alcohol sales revenue could decline by 38% (£13 billion). To mitigate this loss, average prices paid would have to rise substantially-for example, by £2.64 for a pint of on-trade beer or £12.25 for a 70cl bottle of off-trade spirits. In England, the alcohol industry appears to be highly financially dependent upon heavy drinking, and might face significant financial losses were consumers to drink within guideline levels.

Understanding the challenges of industrial carbon capture and storage: an example in a U.S. petrochemical corridor

ABSTRACTIndustrial carbon capture and storage (CCS) is carbon capture from non-power, stationary emissions sources, typically involving high-purity emissions from a non-combustion exhaust stream. Industrial CCS activities represent a significant opportunity for reducing carbon emissions in concentrated geographic locations and a potential ‘bridge’ to more widespread CCS. This paper provides a summary of the opportunities for industrial CCS and market-based revenue streams, like those associated with enhanced crude oil recovery (EOR). The use of EOR changes the nature of carbon from being a pollutant to a valuable commercial input, which requires a judicious understanding of the technical industrial sequestration process, historic oil and gas operations, and the specific location and types of industrial carbon sources that can facilitate this type of carbon emissions mitigation strategy. We review literature on costs and summarise geospatial data to provide an overview of the potential for an integrated industrial CCS-EOR system in a petrochemical corridor.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN INDUSTRI KECIL DI KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN DAN KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN

Industrialization is a basic tool for national development and regional development, especially for small industrial business activities that are important in order to realize a just and prosperous society. To achieve this, the government made a policy to increase small industry revenues. The main objective of this research is to find out the number of small business loans (X1), the number of small-scale industrial workers (X2), economic growth (X3), and the number of small-scale industries (X4), significantly affecting Small-Scale Industrial Revenues in Padangsidimpuan City (Y1) and South Tapanuli Regency (Y2). In this study the data used is secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Padangsidimpuan for 15 years starting from 2002-2016. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models, namely an analysis to determine each of the independent variables (X) to the bound variable (Y) both silmultanally and partially. Based on the results of the analysis and testing the hypothesis obtained results of F count of 18,900> F table = 3,48 for the City of Padangsidimpuan and for the District of South Tapanuli obtained the results of F count 3.616> F table = 3,48 which means simultaneously the four independent variables have a real influence on industrial income small in Padangsidimpuan City and South Tapanuli Regency. Partial testing of the city of Padangsidimpuan obtained tcount for the variable X1 of 7.367> t- table of 2.228 means that the variable X1 can contribute to the real effect on the dependent variable Y1. Partial testing of South Tapanuli Regency obtained tcount for variable X2 of 3.160> t- table of 2.228 means that variable X2 can contribute to the real influence on the dependent variable Y2, for variable X4, t- count of 2.986> t- table of 2.228 means that variable X4 can contribute to the real influence against the dependent variable Y2

The magic cube: towards a theoretical framework to explain the disruptive potential of additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an umbrella term for various layer-based manufacturing processes which are often portrayed as a new technological revolution. Despite impressive AM process developments the revenue of the AM industry is still a fraction of that of other manufacturing processes. This AM based revenue discrepancy raises many questions. They include: (1) What makes AM so special? and (2) How could the disruptive potential of AM be unlocked? We seek to add to the literature by providing an answer to elements of these questions through the development of a framework we call the ‘Magic Cube’. We utilize the concept of vertical and horizontal innovation theory as one basis for this framework. Further we adopt a tension perspective on automation and individualisation drawn from operations research to develop a theoretical framework. The result is the ‘Magic Cube’, a tool that is designed to support researchers and practitioners in demonstrating the unique strengths of AM and its potential areas of application.

Experience economy in the hospitality and tourism context

Experienced utility is an instantly perceived hedonic quality. Rooted in the idea of experienced utility, experience economy assumes that increased consumer experienced utility raises industry revenue. Previous studies have not explored the financial values identified with experiences as the main point of experience economy. The aim of this study was to explore the financial values of experience and service that hospitality and tourism customers perceive. A total of 182 hospitality and tourism customer responses were analyzed using content analysis, cross-tabulations, t-test, and ANOVA. The results revealed that the perceptual schema of product economy is clearer than that of experience economy; the monetary value of experience is lower than that of service; and there is no significant difference in financial values among experience types. Future research should examine the financial gain and loss values of specific experiential and service products perceived by customers from diverse backgrounds.

'Bad Blood': Reconciling the Recording Industry and Copyright Protections on the Internet

The Recording Industry is dealing with a crisis. Revenues are down, artists are angry, and other Recording Industry insiders are pushing back against the current system of revenue sharing. The culprit? Internet streaming services. With the advent of these websites, the Recording Industry has found no successful way to fight back against the profit hemorrhage. With the creation of the new Music Modernization Act, however, music copyright will again be seeing a change and increase to the protections it has available. This paper seeks to delve into the original Recording Industry revenue sharing infrastructure and the copyright rights that went along with it, while also dealing with the proposed legislation to increase those rights.

Start‐up financing: How founders finance their ventures' early stage

Although the entrepreneurship literature has advanced our understanding of start‐up financing, little is known about the mechanisms founders use to finance the beginning of a venture. Drawing upon resource‐based view, this study relocates bootstrapping is a strategic choice rather than a necessity. By analysing the financial behaviour of 3,017 new business owners, we reveal owner‐financed bootstrapping is a strategic choice rather than a necessity. We also demonstrate related techniques that are used independent of industry, initial capital, financing difficulties, and impeded revenues.

Analysis of the Impact of Economic Growth on Urban Land Expansion in Sichuan Province

Based on the panel data of the urban land expansion and economic growth of 18 prefecture- level cities in Sichuan province from 2000 to 2014, this paper analyzes the relationship between the regional economic development and urban land expansion by constructing the econometric model of the area of the built-up area, the economic aggregate and the economic structure variables. The results show that: (1) The evolution law of urban land expansion and economic growth in Sichuan province "N" three times, which basically conforms to the characteristics of Kuznets curve; (2) The change of economic structure will affect the urban land expansion and the area of built-up area - per capita income curve.The increase of the proportion of secondary industry, fiscal expenditure and fiscal revenue will reduce the demand for urban land, so that the area of built-up area - per capita income curve flattens out. On the contrary, the increase in the level of foreign trade, the increase of input-output ratio and the decline of the proportion of the tertiary industry will increase the demand for urban land, making the built-up area - per capita income curve steeper.

An Optimization Method for Train Seat Inventory Control

Railway passenger transportation plays a fundamental role in China, reasonable revenue is the guarantee of railway's regularly development such as equipment replacement, technology enhancement, etc. Although many studies on the railway revenue models have been conducted, there is a lack of effective modeling which considers the multiple trains and the multiple levels of seats in real operation. Aiming to improve the revenue of railway transportation industry, this paper proposes a new optimization method for the train seat inventory control problem with the consideration of the multiple trains and the multiple levels of seats. As the in-depth research of this problem, an integer linear programming model is formulated which aims to maximize the total revenue of rail industry. The commercial software MATLAB with CPLEX solver is employed to obtain the approximate optimal solutions. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed approaches are testified by two examples implemented on a simple railway corridor and Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway corridor. Moreover, sensitivity analysis experiments are given to explore the impact on the revenue if the model parameters are changed.

Techno-economic analysis of supercritical extraction of rare earth elements from coal ash

Abstract Given increasing demand and importance of rare earth elements (REE), exploration is underway to find alternatives to ore-extracted product. With REE concentrations varying between 270 and 1480 ppm, coal ash has been deemed as one such potential source. A number of research groups are exploring technologies to separate REEs from coal ash and supercritical extraction has emerged as a high yield contender. Estimating the economic viability of this lab-scale process at the industrial scale is both important and challenging. In this study we estimate industrial scale cost and revenues of production of REEs from coal ash by combining prior laboratory results, scaling models, combinatorial scenarios and sensitivity analysis. The processing cost of extracting REEs from one ton of coal ash using supercritical CO2 and tributylphosphate (TBP) is found to vary between $380 and $1200 for 550 g of REE. The value of REE oxides that may be obtained per ton of ash is estimated to vary between $6 and $557, with a median of $250. Scandium is the most expensive REE and can account for up to 90% of the value of the yield. The results suggest that factors critical to the economic viability of the process include scandium content & yield, reagent use, and processing time.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENILAIAN KEBARUAN DESAIN INDUSTRI DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL DAN PERBANDINGAN HUKUM


 Perlindungan Desain Industri, seperti halnya kekayaan intelektual didasarkan pada kemampuan kreativitas manusia melalui cipta, rasa dan karsa. Menurut Pasal 25 ayat (1) TRIPs Agreement Desain Industri yang dilindungi adalah Desain Industri yang baru atau orisinal, ketentuan ini menganut asas bahwa kebaruan suatu desain diperoleh ketika desain significantly differ dari yang sebelumnya, kebaruan disini mencakup newness / novelty dan originality, artinya kebaruan merupakan dasar utama pemberian hak Desain Industri, sedangkan asas ini tidak sepenuhnya diadopsi dalam ketentuan Desain Industri. Ketentuan Desain Industri di Indonesia hanya mensyaratkan kebaruan tanpa memberikan kejelasan mengenai bagaimana menginterpretasikan syarat kebaruan sehingga banyak sekali Hak Desain Industri yang diperoleh berdasarkan pendekatan Minor Change dimana sedikit saja perbedaan pada bentuk dan konfigurasi pada dasarnya telah menunjukkan adanya kebaruan. Pendekatan minor change dianggap mengesampingkan aspek orisinalitas dan kurang dapat memberikan kepastian hukum pemegang Hak Desain Industri terdaftar. Tulisan ini bertujuan menggali pendekatan minor change sebagai dasar penilaian kebaruan Desain Industri dalam perspektif perbandingan hukum dibeberapa negara dunia yaitu Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Uni Eropa dan Australia sebagai bahan kajian dan referensi dalam upaya pembentukan perlindungan Hak Desain Industri di Indonesia yang dapat memberikan kepastian hukum.
 Kata Kunci: Kebaruan Desain Industri, Perbandingan Hukum.

Understanding recent market trends of the US ESCO industry

The US energy services company (ESCO) industry is an example of a private-sector business model that delivers energy savings to customers primarily through the use of performance-based contracts. US ESCO projects garner significant incremental annual savings: approximately 1% of total US commercial building consumption in 2014. From 2000 to 2011, the industry experienced year over year growth; however, based on information drawn from interviews with ESCO executives conducted in late 2015, the authors find that from 2012 to 2014, ESCO industry revenues did not increase. While public and institutional market sectors accounted for 85% of industry revenue in 2014, consistent with previous research findings, the share of revenue from performance contracting increased to 74% in 2014, as compared to 69% share reported for 2011 and 2008. The revenue numbers between 2011 and 2014 are not fully comparable, because a few ESCOs that were subsidiaries of larger companies had undergone reorganization and some categories of revenue reported in 2011 were not included for 2014. Other factors that may have contributed to the recent revenue trend include the following: (1) increased competition from companies not historically defined as an ESCO (e.g. mechanical contractors), (2) uncertainty among some potential customers about committing to long-term performance contracts, and (3) reduction of performance contracting’s perceived benefit of hedging energy price increases and variability due to customer expectations of continued low and less volatile energy prices.

On the nexus of financial development, economic growth, and energy consumption in China: New perspective from a GMM panel VAR approach

This paper studies the endogenous relationships among financial development, energy consumption, and economic growth in China by applying a GMM panel VAR approach with a panel data of 30 Chinese provinces over the period 1996Q1–2015Q4. Financial development is measured by six individual indicators and by a comprehensive indicator obtained through the PCA method. We also account for regional heterogeneity by dividing our sample into three regions: eastern region, central region, and western region.We underline our findings in three aspects. First, financial development measured by most individual indicators (m2, credit, revenue of the insurance industry, and stock market value) and the comprehensive one has a significantly negative impact on economic growth. Second, energy consumption can significantly contribute to economic growth in all regions, while no feedback effect is found except in the western region. This result is further supported by the Granger causality tests. Last, financial development in the sense of m2, credit, stock turnover, and the comprehensive indicator can significantly lessen energy consumption in all regions. But this inhibitory effect is found to be largest in the western region, followed by the eastern region, and be smallest in the central region. The Granger causality tests confirm further the existence of heterogeneity across regions. A bidirectional Granger causality between the two variables is found in the eastern region, a unidirectional Granger causality running from energy consumption to financial development is identified in the central region, and no significant causal relationship shows up in the western region. Our findings provide valuable policy implications for China heading for a green economic growth.

Key drivers for service innovation in the UAE's hotel sector

The tourism sector in the UAE, which is witnessing strong growth, reached 13.8 million arrivals in 2013. The MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index reported that Dubai was ranked as the fourth most visited global site in 2015. In February 2015, the occupancy rate in Dubai reached 86.2% and helped contribute to the AED 6.5 bn in industry revenue in 2014. Service innovation helps hotels sustain the current market and create new business. The literature has focused on innovation more than efficiency as a vital factor of business success, growth, or failure. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the relationships between service innovation in the hotel sector in UAE and organisational support for innovation, resistance to change, organisational trust, work engagement, and organisational conflict. Quantitative research methods were used in this study. The research was conducted among 326 employees working in different levels of departments in UAE hotels. The main results of the study show that organisational support for innovation, organisational trust, and work engagement are positively correlated with service innovation, whereas resistance to change and organisational conflict failed to achieve statistical significance with service innovation.

The use of Business Property Tax Incentives in Cook County, Illinois

The authors use data on all business parcels and property tax incentives in Cook County to analyze the use of business tax incentives from 2012 through 2014. By law, Cook County commercial and industrial parcels are assessed at 25 percent of market value. Under certain conditions, however, these business parcels can be granted special assessments reduced to a lower fraction of market value (usually 10 or 12 percent) for more than 10 years from the date of the designation. These special assessments, assigned as incentive “classifications,” effectively reduce the tax payments of these parcels by 50 percent or more. More than 2,000 commercial or industrial parcels received special assessments that substantially lowered their property tax liabilities each year. These assessment reductions decreased county-wide property tax collections by approximately $250 million in 2014, which is 5.3 percent of the $4.7 billion of commercial and industrial property taxes that local governments (including school districts) billed in Cook County. Industrial assessment reductions decreased industrial property tax revenue by 20 percent or less in most municipalities, but in a few municipalities the incentives reduced industrial revenue by one half or more. Most municipalities that used commercial assessment reductions lowered commercial property tax revenue by 10 percent or less, but a small number reduced commercial property tax revenue by 30 percent or more. Nearly 50,000 commercial or industrial parcels were located in either Tax Increment Financing (TIF) districts or Enterprise Zones (EZs), making the owners of these parcels eligible for development assistance such as access to land at reduced cost, parcel-specific or larger-scale infrastructure improvements, and sales and income tax reductions. A substantial number of these parcels received property tax assessment reductions as well. Total property tax redirections from local taxing authorities to TIF districts were more than twice the amount of industrial and commercial incentives in Cook County at $644 million in 2014. The data did not allow the authors to analyze the benefits firms obtained due to locations in EZs. The magnitude of incentive use and the interaction of different incentive programs suggest the need for increased scrutiny of their use and greater coordination of their administration.

Predictive And Comparative Analysis On Products Demand In Supply Chain And Management

Retailers industry normally involve big investment as their products have many categories with different options. To increase the profit margin, retailers need to identify the right products otherwise cost and stock of their products would increase significantly. The efficient demand forecast system is a useful method to accomplish prior goals, improve customer satisfaction and reduce out of stock conditions for products. The main idea behind this study is to predict the demand of products for future and increase the sales revenue of grocery retailing industry by using two machine learning algorithms namely support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). In this study, the dataset of a supermarket located in Pakistan is used which comprises of the actual demand of the past year. The results specified that SVM ensured a better-forecasted quality rather than ANN.

Who Should Miners’ Trade Unions Negotiate with?

The article considers the issue of workers’ insecurity in Russian private mining enterprises. The authors reflect on the problem of nominal property and ultimate beneficiaries. A case of JSC Razrez Inskoy in Belovo (Kemerovo Oblast) is described. The authors focus on the fact that in spite of a significant number of trade unions miners have to directly address the state when problems occur. The mining and metallurgical complex of the Russian Federation occupies one of the leading places in the country's economy in terms of industry and foreign currency revenues. The official statistical fact that the mining and metallurgical complex determines the rating of the most profitable companies in Siberia is discussed in the paper. The authors emphasize that eenterprises of the mining and metallurgical complex are city-forming. The authors consider that solution of the key economic problem of nominal or ultimate beneficiaries’ is critically important for trade unions to be able to solve a wide range of modern problems in the frameworks of sustainable development.

Quantitative easing and government bonds: evidence from the EU

This paper examines the relationship of quantitative easing policy programs, government bond yields and banking stock price returns for the EU periphery. The aim is to estimate and to analyse the effect of the ECB's QE policy on government bond yields and banking stock prices. The dataset consist of monthly panel data observations spanning from January 2008 until September 2017. The empirical part utilises the difference-in-differences methodology. The findings suggest that the implementation of QE has positive effects, by decreasing the bond yields for the periphery countries that participated in the program; there were no effects noted for banking returns. Additional macroeconomic variables are included, where a reduction in government debt and unemployment and a raise in industrial production, tax revenues and FDI lead to lower government bond yields and to higher banking returns. The research provides to investors and government regulators empirical insights into the effects that QE policies have.

The Effect of Subscription Video-on-Demand on Piracy: Evidence from a Household-Level Randomized Experiment

We partner with a major multinational telecommunications provider to analyze the effect of subscription video-on-demand (SVoD) services on digital piracy. For a period of 45 consecutive days, a group of randomly selected households who used BitTorrent in the past were gifted with a bundle of TV channels with movies and TV shows that could be streamed as in SVoD. We find that, on average, households that received the gift increased overall TV consumption by 4.6% and reduced Internet downloads and uploads by 4.2% and 4.5%, respectively. However, and also on average, treated households did not change their likelihood of using BitTorrent during the experiment. Our findings are heterogeneous across households and are mediated by the fit between the preferences of households in our sample for movies and the content available as part of the gifted channels. Households with preferences aligned with the gifted content reduced their probability of using BitTorrent during the experiment by 18% and decreased their amount of upload traffic by 45%. We also show using simulation that the size of the SVoD catalog and licensing window restrictions limit significantly the ability of content providers to match SVoD offerings to the preferences of BitTorrent users. Finally, we estimate that households in our sample are willing to pay at most $3.25 USD per month to access a SVoD catalog as large as Netflix’s in the United States. Together, our results show that, as a stand-alone strategy, using legal SVoD to curtail piracy will require, at the minimum, offering content much earlier and at much lower prices than those currently offered in the marketplace, changes that are likely to reduce industry revenue and that may damage overall incentives to produce new content while, at the same time, curbing only a small share of piracy. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2875 . This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.