Industrial Program Research Articles

The capability of vocational education students in industrial practice learning programs

Industrial work practice is an essential program in vocational education. This study aims to analyze the level of capability of students who carry out work practices in large and small industries in Vocational Schools. In addition, it also measures the difference in the capability level of students who carry out work practices in large and small industries. This study uses a quantitative approach according to the design developed by Hoy and Adam. A total of 230 respondents came from public and private vocational schools in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia. The data was collected using a Likert scale questionnaire with the lowest score of 1 and the highest score of 4. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The capability level of students who carry out industrial work practices in large industries obtained a score of 31.29 – 58.69 in the "High" category, and small industries obtained a score of 31.23 – 59.47 in the "High" category. Although the statistics are in the high category, there are still significant differences between methodology and social and personal capabilities. Meanwhile, learning capabilities and technical capabilities have no significant difference. Students who practice work in large and small industries must be aware of maximizing the program because it is instrumental in supporting careers after graduating.

Measurement of the coupling coordination relationship between the structures of secondary vocational school programs and industries in China

Secondary vocational education faces constant challenges such as the absence of higher quality, industrial structure upgrading, and a mismatch between the supply of skills and the needs of a specific industry. Therefore, investigating the relationship between the structures of secondary vocational school (SVS) programmes and industries can help us understand their positive interactions and reduce skill mismatch, which is of great significance to the strategies of secondary vocational education and sustainable economic development. Studies on the interactive relationship between SVS programmes and industries and the use of quantitative methods are still lacking. To address this research gap, this paper uses the perspective of coupling and coordination to build a conceptual framework and a computation model to measure the relationship between the two. The method of grey relational analysis is utilized to explore the influencing factors between indicators of SVS programmes and the coupling coordination degree(CCD). Using data from Tianjin, China, the findings are as follows: The interaction between the structure of the SVS programme and industries shows that with the increase in the contribution of the SVS programme structure to the coupling system, the CCD between the two also increases. Compared with the primary and tertiary industries, the secondary industrial structure is more closely related to the SVS programme’s structure, the interaction between the two has a high degree of influence, and the correlation is relatively high between the indicators of secondary industry programmes in SVSs and the CCD. It is necessary to adjust the number of programmes, increase the number of students in the secondary-industry-related programmes and reduce the number of students in the programmes of the primary and tertiary industries to adapt to the needs of a dynamic industrial structure gradually. SVSs should improve programmes in primary and tertiary industries to enhance students’ skills, prepare them for a competitive labour market and strengthen students’ transition from school to work. This study found that the coupling coordination relationship between the two is affected by the following crucial factors: interaction between the two, the contribution of the programme’s structure, regional featured or key industries, and changes in admission policies by the local education authority.

EMI and its sociolinguistic entanglement with local languages

Abstract Against the backdrop of inter-institutional competition and transnational ambitions, the prevalence of English-medium instruction (EMI) programs in higher education and their relative distribution across various national, regional, and institutional contexts is rapidly growing. When studying the increasingly globalized phenomenon of EMI, there is a tendency to adopt macro-pedagogical perspectives, with comparatively little attention being devoted to disciplinary differences which may warrant intra-institutional differentiation through situationally adaptable approaches to EMI policy and implementation strategies. The present study attempts to further enhance and nuance our understanding of the influence of disciplinary knowledge structures and literacies on lecturers’ and students’ linguistic needs in EMI courses. This article reports on linguistic ethnographic fieldwork at a Belgian higher education institution in which graduate students in international bio-science engineering and industrial design engineering programs were observed during the 2021–2022 academic year. Differences in disciplinary knowledge structures and literacies are explored through means of survey, interview, and classroom observation data. Results corroborate earlier findings on the interplay between disciplinary knowledge structures and attitudes towards EMI. Additionally, the data illustrate how the active inclusion of local languages alongside English can be considered disciplinarily relevant in certain programs.

Interactive euthanasia training program for the dairy industry: Implementation and perceived respondent knowledge change

This study described the development of an interactive euthanasia training program and its potential to improve dairy workers' perceived euthanasia decision-making skills and awareness of timely euthanasia by using a survey instrument before and after the program. Training material encompassed euthanasia information over 2 production stages (calves and cows or heifers) and material was delivered on-farm in a case-scenario format (14 cases). During a 3-mo period, 30 different dairy farms were visited and 81 participants were enrolled in this study. Each participant was required to complete a survey pretraining, to complete the case studies from the production stage in which their job responsibility was more closely aligned with (estimated completion time of 1 h), and to complete a survey post-training. Surveys contained 8 statements regarding participants' perceived knowledge of euthanasia practices. The questions were answered on a 5-point scale: (1) strongly disagree, (2) disagree, (3) neither agree nor disagree, (4) agree, or (5) strongly agree. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models were created for each question to investigate the effect of age, sex, dairy experience, farm size, role at the farm, race, previous experience with euthanasia, veterinarian degree, and production stage in the score change, defined by the presence or absence of an increase in the 5-point scale score. Upon completion of the training, respondents were more confident in identifying compromised animals (score change = 0.35), determining when an animal should be euthanized (score change = 0.64), and understanding the importance of timely euthanasia (score change = 0.26). Age and euthanasia experience were significantly associated with the respondents' perceived knowledge; suggesting that younger, less-experienced caretakers on-farm should be prioritized to receive training. The proposed interactive case-based euthanasia training program has proven to be valuable to dairy participants and veterinarians as it provides a means to improve dairy welfare.

Using Participatory Teaching in Hands-On Courses: Exploring the Influence of Teaching Cases on Learning Motivation

Industrial design is an applied discipline that combines aesthetics and engineering. Through hands-on activities, students can better understand shapes and details in model making. The literature shows that hands-on courses help enhance students’ creativity, learning motivation, and interest. Model-making courses are one of the hands-on courses in industrial design programs. To enhance students’ learning enthusiasm in the practical course of this study, we introduced a “participatory teaching method”. To examine changes in students’ learning motivation after the new teaching method was introduced, the researchers conducted mid-term and final questionnaires and collected feedback on the students’ learning experiences. The results showed that the introduction of the participatory teaching method had a positive impact on students’ learning motivation, as they could participate in the planning and evaluation of course content. These results can serve as a reference for future course planning.

Analysis of the Position of China Information Industry in the Global Value Chain

Identifying the division of labor position of China information industry in the global value chain is particularly important for optimizing the structure of China's information industry and improving its overall competitiveness. The article calculates the global value chain revenue generated by the participation of the information industry in the global value chain division of labor production in various countries, and then establishes a global value chain height index to analyze the global scale and development of China information industry; Analyze the degree of vertical specialization of the information industry through the decomposition of international trade flows, and finally calculate the global value chain status index of the information industry in different countries. The results indicate that: (1) the value chain height index of China's information manufacturing industry is continuously decreasing, at the level of middle and lower reaches; The telecommunications industry and computer programming industry in China information service industry are in an upstream position in the value chain. (2) There is an imbalance in bilateral trade between China and the United States in information manufacturing and information service industries. Compared to the United States, China information industry has a lower value chain position. The United States mainly engages in research and development, design, and other work, while China is more engaged in less value-added work such as assembly and reprocessing. (3) From the global value chain status index, China information manufacturing industry is at the middle and lower reaches of the world, with Japan firmly ranking first and the United States second. The ranking of other developed countries is basically in the top 20, fluctuating between the middle and upper reaches. The position of China's information service industry in the global value chain is at the mid to upper level. Russia, Japan, and the United States are among the top three countries in the global value chain of the information services industry, while developed countries such as the UK, France, and Germany are in the upper reaches of the information services industry.

Leadership and the Success of African Integration and Development Agenda: Juxtaposing the African Continental Free Trade Area - AFCFTA and Agenda 2063

After achieving independence from slavery and colonialism, African countries implemented various developmental policies, including import substitution, industrialization, and structural adjustment programs, among others. However, political instability, civil wars, poverty, bad governance, and environmental degradation hindered the continent's progress. This paper focuses on how leadership impacts the success of African regional integration and development, specifically the African Continental Free Trade Area (AFCFTA) and Agenda 2063. The study uses content analysis and secondary sources to analyze leadership's role in achieving integration and development. The paper finds that visionary, competent, selfless leaders are crucial for achieving sustainable integration and development. These leaders should be committed to disentangling from neocolonial dependence and promoting mutual cooperation. The paper supports its findings with good governance theory and regional integration theories. Furthermore, the paper highlights the need for African leaders to unite, be disciplined, and pursue integration with integrity and transparency. This requires leaders to prioritize the continent's interests over their personal gains and reduce their reliance on foreign aid. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the success of African integration and development depends on the quality of leadership, which must be accountable, transparent, and committed to promoting the welfare of African citizens.

Fifty years of operational research in forestry

AbstractThis paper describes operational research (OR) contributions in forestry over the past 50 years, based on scientific pathways along which the authors have traveled. We draw on our personal experiences and recall how the use of OR in forestry has evolved from the early use of linear programming in the Canadian forest products industry in the 1950s and strategic forest management planning by the U.S. Forest Service in the 1960s. We describe the widespread use of OR in many aspects of forestry over a 50‐year timespan (1970–2020) and to the present day, where climate change and biodiversity challenges and increased data availability are important. The paper covers many areas of forestry, including forest management, natural disturbance processes, tactical and operational harvesting, transportation, and value chain management. Each section in the paper includes a historical description of OR‐based key applications as well as OR‐based model and method developments Additionally, we discuss our perceptions of OR in future use and its importance in forestry.

Scrutinizing the types of leadership traits that contribute to the success of Six Sigma implementation: An empirical study

AbstractThis article aims to investigate the significance of leadership in the successful adoption of Six Sigma. It explores which leadership styles and attributes are more conducive to successful implementation, as not all Six Sigma efforts have been entirely successful. The objective of this research is to identify the key elements of leadership styles that contribute to the achievement of Six Sigma programs in the automobile industry, based on a study conducted by various authors. According to the study, approximately 60% of corporate Six Sigma initiatives fail due to assumptions and incorrect leadership attributes. The research utilized a research survey with a Likert scale questionnaire distributed to 2325 prospective participants, with 573 responses primarily from Germany, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. The study employed exploratory research approaches and a mixed‐method research design to analyze the impact of leadership style on the success of Six Sigma deployment. The findings identified two essential key elements of leadership style through various SEM methods (EFA and CFA): (1) Leadership support for Six Sigma as a long‐term improvement strategy is crucial for sustained growth. (2) Leadership commitment to the organization's suppliers and maintaining quality to ensure defect‐free products. The practical implications of this study can be adopted by institutions, practitioners, and researchers to incorporate these leadership traits for sustainable Six Sigma implementation. This study makes an original contribution to the assessment of leadership styles in the European automobile industry, utilizing a mixed‐method research design along with descriptive statistics.

State-based verification of industrial control programs with the use of a digital model

ABSTRACT Today, the verification of the control logic of automation projects is mainly a manual task during real commissioning phase on the physical installation. This involves a lot of risks towards possible damage and unanticipated delays in project completion. Virtual commissioning allows the verification to start earlier in the project timeline but is often also a manual task and requires a lot of human knowledge and expertise. This paper proposes a workflow to provide additional support to the automation engineer based on a 3D Digital Model that interacts with the real control logic. The digital model records all occurring states and transitions in the background and visualizes the state graph to highlight unexpected behaviour and to support troubleshooting. The proposed approach is validated on a test case confirming (1) the effectiveness of highlighting unexpected behaviour during programming phase and (2) the substantial reduction in real commissioning time. The added value of the approach is concluded, although a number of limitations still exist. Future research includes the validation of the approach on real industrial cases.

Classification of industrial engineering programs in Colombia based on state tests

This article proposes an approach for the classification of industrial engineering programs offered by different higher education institutions (HEIs) in Colombia, using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and validating the results with cluster analysis. To perform this classification, data from 5318 industrial engineering students from 93 higher education institutions are used as a basis for classification based on the Saber11 and SaberPro state tests. The state tests are used to measure graduates' academic performance in the data envelopment analysis. With the efficiency results it was possible to classify higher education institutions (HEIs) into three large groups. Subsequently, this classification was validated through cluster analysis. The results show a correct classification of 77%.

Oral Azvudine for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing conditions: a retrospective cohort study.

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the number of associated deaths continues to increase, especially among those with pre-existing conditions. Azvudine is recommended as a priority treatment for patients with COVID-19, but its efficacy in patients with pre-existing conditions is unknown. This is a single-centre, retrospective cohort study between December 5, 2022 and January 31, 2023 in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in China to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Azvudine in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing conditions. Patients with Azvudine and controls were propensity score-matched (1:1) for age, gender, vaccination status, time from symptom onset to treatment exposure, severity at admission, concomitant treatments initiated at admission. The primary outcome was a composite outcome of disease progression, and the secondary outcome was each of these individual disease progression outcomes. The univariate Cox regression model was used to estimate a hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each result between the groups. We identified 2118 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 during the study period, with a follow-up of up to 38 days. After exclusions and propensity score matching, we included 245 Azvudine recipients and 245 matched controls. Azvudine recipients had lower crude incidence rate of composite disease progression outcome compared with matched controls (7.125/1000 person-days vs. 16.004/1000 person-days, P=0.018). There was no significant difference in all-cause death between these two groups (1.934/1000 person-days vs. 4.128/1000 person-days, P=0.159). Azvudine treatment was associated with significantly lower risks of composite disease progression outcome compared with matched controls (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27-0.89, P=0.016). A significant difference in all-cause death was not found (HR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.15-1.36, P=0.148). These findings indicate that Azvudine therapy showed substantial clinical benefits in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing conditions, and should be considered for this population of patients. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 82103183 to F. Z., 82102803, 82272849 to G. D.), National Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 2022JJ40767 to F. Z., 2021JJ40976 to G. D.), Huxiang Youth Talent Program (Grant Nos. 2022RC1014 to M.S.) and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (Grant Nos. TC210804V to M.S.).

Evaluating the higher national diploma industrial art programme of tamale technical university in Ghana: Curriculum versus implementation

In Ghana’s Polytechnics/Technical Universities, the Higher National Diploma (HND) programmes are ran to provide the country with its middle-skilled manpower base in science, engineering, technology, commerce and art for socio-economic development. However, the HND Industrial Art Programme of Tamale Technical University begun in 2008/2009 academic year and has since run up-to-date with options in Painting and Decorating (P/D), Leatherwork, Textiles and Ceramics without any form of evaluation to ascertain its impact in the country despite the numerous calls from stakeholders. Therefore, the study sought to examine the impact of the HND Industrial Art Programme of Tamale Technical University on the Art Industry in Ghana. To conduct the study, the main objective was to evaluate the scope and content of the curriculum of the HND Industrial Art Programme with reference to its implementation in the University. The Concurrent Triangulation Mixed-Method research design involving both qualitative (case study, document and descriptive analysis) and quantitative research were adopted to undertake the research. Questionnaire, interview and observation guides were relied as tools to collect data for the study. A sample population of 223 (present students: 57, graduates: 137, lecturers/technicians: 13 and industrial attachment supervisors: 16) was selected using purposive, random and snowball sampling techniques. From the study, the major finding is that, the curricula of the programme’s options provided students with knowledge and skills required in their respective industries as conceived by the Department. Nonetheless, with time and advancement in technology as being noted in the industry, some of the courses require review to catch up with industry standards. The findings from the study have implication on the training of students in the Country. It is therefore recommended that appropriate steps should be taken in conjunction with relevant stakeholders to have a holistic review of the curriculum to make it relevant.

PROGRAM IMITAN INDUSTRI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN SERAPAN LULUSAN YANG BEKERJA DI DUNIA INDUSTRI DI SMK NEGERI 2 PENGASIH

Vocational High School graduates are the biggest contributor to the unemployment rate in Indonesia, therefore steps and actions are needed to overcome this. Industrial imitation is a program to increase the uptake of graduates in the industrial world. This program is an activity carried out at SMK N 2 Kasih, Kulon Progo. The aims of this study were to find out: (1) the management of the Imitan Industri program in an effort to increase graduate uptake in SMKs; (2) supporting factors for the Industrial Imitation program; (3) inhibiting factors for the Industrial Imitation program; (4) activity program in Industrial Imitation. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Interviews, observations, and documentation studies are ways of collecting techniques. Data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and preparing recommendations are used in data analysis techniques. The results showed: (1) the management of the Industrial Imitation program at SMK N 2 Pengasih; (2) supporting factors in the form of adequate financial availability, planned and measurable programs, students who are enthusiastic about participating in the industrial imitation program, parents of students who support the industrial imitan program, professional educators; (3) the inhibiting factor in the form of limited time availability can be overcome by using hours outside of the KBM (Learning and Teaching Activities. There are not many companies that work together; (4) some of the activities in the Industrial Imitation program include physical training, psychological test training, training character, and material provision by alumni of the Industrial Imitation program.

Gray area between policy success and failure: Assessing the degree of success of Law Number 7 of 2016 in the salt industrialization program in West Nusa Tenggara Province

Salt problems in Indonesia are quite complex and persistent, including reliance on imports, low quality, poor trade administration, and high costs. The central government has issued a policy that protects salt farmers, regulates salt imports, and implements the PUGaR program. The NTB Provincial Government as the fourth largest contributor to salt production in Indonesia has a Salt Industrialization Program policy. This article analyzed the existing policies for overcoming the problems and achieving the expected results. Using a descriptive qualitative research method with Policy Success theory proposed by Allan McConnell as its analytical tool, this article examines the success/failure of salt policy from the process, program, and political dimensions, as well as the level of success using the degree of policy success/failure. The results of the study showed that the criterion for maintaining policy objectives/instruments and policy legitimacy on the process dimension is included in tolerable failure because there is still a failure to maintain objectives and legitimacy even though it is not significant. The criterion for building a sustainable coalition is included in conflicted failures because it has not involved all stakeholders in policy formulation. In the program dimension, the criteria for implementation that is aligned with objectives, achieving the expected outcomes, and providing benefits for the target group are included in the conflicted failure category because there are balanced conditions between success and failure. Meanwhile, the political dimension cannot be measured because it still receives minimal public attention.

Dynamics of investments in Russia under the conditions of sanction restrictions: Forecast based on an agent-based model

The situation of a trade war between Russia and Western countries is unprecedented in recent history, both in terms of the scale of the restrictions being introduced and because of their mutually dangerous nature, as a result of which the entire world economic system is experiencing difficulties. An urgent task is to develop an economic policy for Russia that will allow for a quick reorientation to Eastern markets and the use of new growth drivers. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the measures taken should be carried out using modern tools, one of which is agent-based economic models. Since Russia is not considered as a key player in the models of international trade relations developed in a number of countries, in order to assess the sanctions imposed against it, it was necessary to develop a new tool – an agent-based model of trade wars between Russia, the USA, China and the European Union. The purpose of the study presented in this article is to assess the need of the Russian economy for additional investments in various industries for large-scale import substitution of products till now supplied from unfriendly countries. To achieve this, the agent-based model reproduces the sectoral structure of the considered economies of the countries and trade relations among them that existed before the start of the special military operation, compiles scenarios of possible sanctions, and simulates the corresponding changes in international trade relations. As part of the scenario calculations, three series of experiments were carried out. In the first series, for each scenario the expected dynamics of Russia’s GDP in 2022 was estimated in the context of organizing import substitution programs in key industries, and the cost of these programs was calculated. In the second series, the dependence of GDP dynamics on the volume of investments was studied. The third series simulated the dynamics of trade relations for the period up to 2025 for two investment policy options in each scenario. The results of the experiments also show that the impact of investments on the economy is stronger, the more severe the sanctions are, and under these conditions, the implementation of investment programs can accelerate economic recovery on average by 0.5% of GDP per year.

Joint project-based training of IT students based on the use of version control tools and task separation in the project

Problem statement. The relevance of the work lies in the proposed combination of methods and tools for application development during the educational process, which repeats frequent situations in industrial software development. The goal is to create conditions that allow to gain collective development skills close to real participation in software production. Methodology. During the training, students will write separate parts of the overall project, embedding their solution into the general logic of the system based on the implementation of the class interface set by the teacher. At the same time, frequently used design patterns are described and applied, such as model-view-controller, strategy, etc. The augmented project is synchronized between the participants using a version control system. As a result, students have a full-fledged application, parts of which are written by individual participants. Results. The implementation of the approach is considered on the example of the game “Chess”, in which each of the students can write the code of a separate figure; the possibilities of applying the approach within one or more classes and the potential risks of its use are indicated. Conclusion. The proposed approach allows students to gain work experience close to industrial programming and master such competencies as joint development, work in version control systems and building modular systems.

Siakama Application to Enhance the Work Competency of Students in the Industrial Field Experience Program

This research has several objectives. First, it aims to produce Student Academic System Applications (Siakama) which is specifically for thethe industrial internship bbased on the Industrial Revolutionial Revolution 4.0. Second, the current research also aims to describing the effect of Siakama Application. Furthermore, the type of the study was rresearch and ddevelopment. Siakama Application was developed using a procedure based on the Four-D development model. The validation process was conducted in two stages:; those are internal validation and external validation. Then, data analysis was carried out in two stages, including the stage of development and testing. This research resulted in the form of the development model of the the Industrial Field Experience Program base on Siakama Application which is a tool for operating and launching the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the supporting products produced that have been declared valid, practical, and statistically effective.

Towards industrial careers in Sweden

Towards industrial careers in Sweden – A narrative study of students choosing the industrial technology program 
 This article is about six students’ descriptions of their choice of the Industrial technology program. I have applied a narrative perspective and analysed the students’ narratives thematically. The research question is about the prominent themes of students’ descriptions of their choice of the program, and the answer is that four themes emerge from the descriptions. Two of the themes point to the advantages and disadvantages of industry jobs and industrial education. The third theme is about the choice of the program as a way for newly arrived refugees to get industrial work and eventually a permanent residence permit. The fourth theme is about students’ choice of industrial education as influenced by other people such as parents, teachers or study counsellors. The conclusion is that students who choose industrial education do not necessarily have the ambition to work as industrial workers. This may affect the industrial skills supply in the future in Sweden as an industrial country. Newly arrived refugees in industrial education can be included in this supply of skills, but these young people can also pursue other careers after completing their education. Although the choice of upper secondary education is free in Sweden, this freedom does not apply to these young people who make the choice based on the pressure on them to get a job after completing their education to be able to stay in Sweden.

Functioning features of industrial enterprises and complexes in modern economic conditions: structural changes and industrial development prospects

The article presents an analysis that contains functioning features of industrial enterprises and complexes in the conditions of transformation of their activities caused by the fourth industrial revolution. The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of structural changes in industry and the role of industrial policy in the implementation of structural transformations that contribute to the sustainable development of the economy. During the set goal, the objectives of the study were identified, which are necessary to coordinate industrial development programs in related sectors of the economy, modernization of infrastructure that promotes industrial development on a platform basis and the effectiveness of industrial policy implemented at the state level. When studying the task, methods of system and structural analysis, a structural-functional approach to the analysis of structural change problems were used. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the currently implemented programs of enterprise development should be coordinated with the strategies for the development of industries, which will allow them to coordinate and determine the levels and ways of interaction of economic entities. The directions of structural changes are proposed as a response to the digitalization of production processes and a way of rational organization of economic activity of subjects.