Industry Of Pakistan Research Articles

Supply Chain Collaboration and Intention to Use Blockchain: Mediating Role of Perceived Usefulness

This study aims to examine the mediating role perceived usefulness between supply chain collaboration and the intention to use blockchain in the textile industry of Pakistan. A cross-sectional method is conducted, and data is gathered with the help of the adopted questionnaire from previous studies. The HR department of the concerned firm is requested to circulate the printed questionnaire among middle-level employees of the firm. A total of 240 cases are considered in this study. Five Likert scales, from strongly disagree to agree strongly, are considered to test the suggested hypotheses based on previous studies. The findings of this study confirmed the direct effect of supply chain collaboration on the intention to use the blockchain and the partial mediation effect of perceived usefulness is revealed. There are few studies on supply chain collaboration, blockchain use, and perceived usefulness in developing countries like Pakistan's textile industry, especially among middle-level employees. Existing scholarship ignores emerging countries' textile sectors and extends results to other industries. The insights also help managers create blockchain-integrated supply chain strategies. Blockchain technology may be maximized via technology providers and industry-wide cooperation. These practical consequences may improve developing nations' textile supply chains' efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness. The insights also help managers create blockchain-integrated supply chain strategies. Blockchain technology may be maximized via technology providers and industry-wide cooperation.

Stress, Gossip, and Cynism; The mediatory role of Abusive Supervisor towards Emotional Exhaustion in the Banking Industry of Pakistan

This study explores how emotional exhaustion is affected by stress, cynicism, and gossip in Pakistani banking while including abusive supervision as a mediator. The study's focus extends to delineating the governing role abusive supervision plays in the relationship between stress, gossip, and cynicism, and their subsequent impact on emotional exhaustion among employees in Pakistan's educational sector. Data were primarily gathered through a Google Form survey, employing a convenience sampling method targeted at employees in the banking industry. Analytical procedures were conducted using Smart PLS V.3 to evaluate both measurement and structural models. All hypotheses were rigorously tested, revealing that stress, gossip, and cynicism are correlated with emotional exhaustion when mediated by abusive supervision. Intriguingly, the study found that gossip does not directly influence emotional exhaustion. The findings emphasize that abusive supervision exacerbates factors leading to emotional exhaustion in subordinates, adversely affecting their mental well-being. The study conclusively demonstrates the significant mediating role that abusive supervision plays in linking stress, gossip, and cynicism to emotional exhaustion.

Impact of organizational culture and compensation on job satisfaction and employee retention: A case of pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan

The study aimed to examine the effect of compensation and organizational culture on employee retention with the mediating role of job satisfaction in the pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan. Based on survey methodology, the study has gathered 338 responses from SC professionals and executives of pharmaceutical firms in Karachi. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose samples. PLSSEM was used for data analysis through Smart PLS v3. The results showed that job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on employee retention, whereas compensation also has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction. Likewise, organizational culture has a significant positive impact on job satisfaction. In contrast, payment and OC positively and indirectly affect employee retention by mediating job satisfaction. Managers should implement creative and enticing compensation strategies to retain employees and inspire them with various rewards to enhance the individual effort. They should also be aware of the factors that increase ER and raise JS, such as the work environment.

Physicochemical analysis and detection of exceptionally high diclofenac concentration in the pharmaceutical wastewaters collected from the production units of national industrial zone, Rawat, Pakistan

The annual growth rate of pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan is 10% and is continuously expanding to fulfill the increasing demand of the rapidly growing population. But inability of the pharmaceutical sector to comply with the environmental standards leads to the introduction of large quantities of various pollutants in the natural environment which presents serious ecological challenges. In this study, effluent wastewater samples from 14 manufacturing units of the pharmaceutical industries of the National Industrial Zone, Rawat, Pakistan, were collected and characterized for physicochemical parameters including color, odor, pH, electric conductivity, temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrates, sulfates and phosphates according to the standard methods. The detection and quantification of diclofenac (DCF)—one of the commonly prescribed drugs in Pakistan—were carried out in the pharmaceutical wastewater samples (PWWSs) using HPLC-PAD. Exceptionally high concentration of the diclofenac was detected in the industrial disposal of MB-12 (311,495 µg L−1). PWWSs were analyzed using chemometric techniques including principal factor analysis (PFA) and cluster analysis (CA). PFA explained almost 81.48% of the total variance by the newly extracted four components and complemented the strong Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) of DCF concentrations to that of the levels of COD, r = 0.752, and DO, r = − 0.609, in PWWSs. Six clusters were generated during similar wastewater characteristics-based CA dendrogram, in which reverse osmosis-treated PWWSs were observed to cluster with the untreated PWWSs, suggesting the need to adopt an advance and better wastewater treatment methods by the pharmaceutical industries.

Impact of Corona Virus on Maritime Industry in Pakistan

Impact of Corona Virus on Maritime Industry in Pakistan

Impact of Financial Management on Firm performance during Covid-19: A Case of the Textile Industry in Pakistan

Impact of Financial Management on Firm performance during Covid-19: A Case of the Textile Industry in Pakistan

The Effects of Social Media Marketing on Customer’s Purchase Intention; a Moderated Mediation Model from Apparel Industry of Pakistan

The Effects of Social Media Marketing on Customer’s Purchase Intention; a Moderated Mediation Model from Apparel Industry of Pakistan

Industry 4.0 impacts on operational and green innovation performances with the mediation of green practices

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate how green supply chain management (GSCM) practices mediate the effect of Industry 4.0 technologies on operational and green innovation performances.Design/methodology/approachTo explore the study, data were collected from 225 different manufacturing industries in Pakistan. Gathered data were used to test the hypotheses using SmartPLS 3 software by using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings reveal that operational and green innovation performances are directly affected by the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies and GSCM practices. Furthermore, the GSCM practices positively affect operational and green innovation performances. The study also investigated that the GSCM practices partially mediate the effect of Industry 4.0 on operational and green innovation performances.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations, the data of this study were majorly collected from large enterprises of Pakistani firms and related to the manufacturing sector only. So, there is a huge need for attention toward small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Very few researchers are focusing on SMEs, so future research can be on SMEs. It can be suggested that the relationship between digital technologies and green innovation performance can be tested through a quantitative procedure. Moreover, the effect of GSCM's aspects can be estimated on manageable execution.Originality/valueThrough the mediating relationship of GSCM practices, this research has made a unique contribution by investigating the influence of Industry 4.0 on operational and green innovation performances. To the author's knowledge, no research has been undertaken in this area.

Impact of corporate social responsibility on sustainable competitive advantages: The mediating role of corporate reputation.

This study investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). Moreover, building on the stakeholder theory, this study investigates the mediating effects of corporate reputation (CR) between the relationship of corporate social responsibility and sustainable competitive advantage. We used a questionnaire survey to collect data from the employees working in the construction industry of Pakistan. Using the sample of 239 respondents, a structural equation modeling technique was used to verify the hypothesis relationship. The findings indicated that CSR directly and positively influences sustainable competitive advantages. Moreover, corporate reputation positively mediates the connection between corporate social responsibility and sustainable competitive advantage. This research fills knowledge gaps and highlights the significance of CSR in fostering sustainable competitive advantages within the construction industry.

Contributions of artificial intelligence for circular economy transition leading toward sustainability: an explorative study in agriculture and food industries of Pakistan

Contributions of artificial intelligence for circular economy transition leading toward sustainability: an explorative study in agriculture and food industries of Pakistan

Role of top management green commitment, adaptability culture and green product innovation in boosting organizational green performance in Pakistan

Purpose Top management and managers must highlight environmental issues and adopt green product innovation (GPI) to implement eco-friendly management in their businesses. This research aims to examine the impact of top management’s green commitment and adaptability culture (AC) on organizational green performance (OGP) mediated by GPI. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in the context of the textile industry of Pakistan, where a sample of 232 employees was collected for the data analysis. The study adopted a quantitative approach, and the data collected were analyzed using relevant statistical tools (SPSS 24 and Smart PLS 3.0) to address the research questions. Findings The present study supported positive relationships of top management green commitment (TMGC) and AC with the OGP, whereas GPI mediated the relationships. Originality/value Integrating the AC, TMGC, GPI and the organization’s green performance is a milestone as it serves as an effort to present a model promoting green management research. The study’s findings could be used in the textile sector to foster a green culture by strengthening green AC and GPI by raising environmental concerns within the workforce.

Mutual Funds in Pakistan: Origin and Development

Mutual funds were born due to the financial crisis in Europe in the early 1770s. The first modern mutual fund emerged in the Netherlands in the second half of the 20th century. The apparent motivation for organizing the mutual funds was to provide diversification for small investors. The paper traces the history of mutual funds in Pakistan, from establishing a national investment trust in 1962 to developing exchange-traded funds in 2020. The findings of this research are based on a comprehensive review of existing literature and statistical data. The results indicate that the mutual fund industry in Pakistan has shown promising growth in recent year. The formation of mutual fund association of Pakistan in 2001, and development of non-banking finance companies rules 2003, brings a revolutionary change in the mutual industry of Pakistan. The industry is continuously growing as there were only 0.31 billion net assets in 2001, which was 662 billion in 2020.

Leadership during Crisis; Using Change Role Reversal Theory: A Study from Service Sector of Pakistan

In the volatile economic situation, there is a growing interest in Change Role Reversal, due to COVID-19 pandemic that would lead to successful leader-follower relationship. Change role reversal theory become so popular during the COVID-19 pandemic, many businesses have opposed the systemic shock triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The key variables of change role reversal are digitalization, employee empowerment, a shift in responsibility, perceived organizational support taken as independent variables that would have a positive impact on the leader-follower relationship and firm performance mediate the relationship between change role reversal and leader-follower relationship. This study follows the quantitative research approach and the philosophy of research is positivism and the research approach is deductive in which hypothesis is generated from the existing theories. This method was used because data about the variables could be collected once at a given time and this research is explanatory. The study unit of analysis had been individual. The research was performed using a descriptive cross-sectional survey method. The data for this study are obtained from the Services industry of Pakistan and the sample is the managerial employees that have interaction with their leaders. Total 450 close-ended questionnaires were distributed to the organizations online and out of which only 290 questionnaires were adopted for analysis. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and SMART PLS3 are used to check the hypothesis. This study revealed that change role reversal having positive relationship with leader follower relationship and firm performance strongly mediate with the relationship between change role reversal and leader follower relationship. This study offers also limitation and future direction in order to contribute in literature in future.

Essentiality of Capacity Building in the Cottage Industry of Pakistan: A Synopsis of Challenges and Solutions

Capacity building is critical to the success and sustainability of cottage industries. It helps to improve the skills and knowledge of workers, increase productivity and efficiency, strengthens business practices, develop an entrepreneurial mind-set, and create a supportive business environment. Therefore, the aim of current study is to explore the relationship between capital access and cottage industry growth, to analyse the relation and importance of education and awareness with cottage industry growth and to explore the relation between technology and growth of cottage industry in Pakistan. The sample size of this quantitative study is 280 including Pakistani small entrepreneurs in Punjab. This study applied Anova test for data analysis by using SPSS. The framework shows that three factor can improve or reduce the growth of cottage industry such as education, technology, and capital access. The results of this study are in accordance with other similar studies which show that the model is feasible and the relationship exists positively and strongly between the variables selected. The government must also focus on opening more educational and training institution to improve the skills of people regarding opening cottage industries. This way, the small businesses industry will be able to absorb the problems and the lack of capital shocks. Cottage industry entrepreneurs should be given access to international markets and provisions should be made to link them with distributers and sellers.

Reconciling the impact of knowledge management processes on knowledge worker productivity

Knowledge management has been a proven tool to foster organizational performance, innovations, and individual knowledge workers’ productivity. A stream of empirical studies has demonstrated with contradictory results that each single organizational knowledge management process – knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and utilization – can enhance the knowledge workers’ productivity in isolation. In contrast, our study argues with the support of Nonaka’s theory and alignment theory that knowledge utilization is the only frontline and primary knowledge management process which can enhance knowledge workers’ productivity while other knowledge management processes (knowledge creation and knowledge sharing) support and supplement each other as well as improve knowledge utilization. This means that shared and created knowledge will not enhance the productivity of knowledge workers until organizations strive for knowledge utilization. This study used data collected from 336 knowledge workers in the Telecom industry of Pakistan and examined it using partial least squares modelling. The findings indicated that knowledge utilization is the sole frontline and primary knowledge management to enhance the productivity of knowledge workers. Hence, knowledge utilization can only influence productivity indirectly by increasing the utilization of knowledge created and/or shared.

CURRENT STATUS OF PEACH LEAF CURL DISEASE IN PAKISTAN AND FUTURE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Peach leaf curl disease (PLCuD) is a devastating fungal disease that poses a significant threat to peach production globally, and its impact is also evident in Pakistan's fruit industry. The disease is caused by phyto-parasitic fungi from the Taphrinaceae family, primarily the genus Taphrina. Chemical fungicides are the most common method for controlling the disease; however, their use presents health and environmental concerns and can lead to resistance over time. As a result, alternative control strategies that are both cost-effective and environmentally friendly are essential. Unfortunately, there is a significant gap in knowledge about PLCuD in Pakistan, and the actual cause of the disease remains unidentified, making management impossible. Therefore, discovering novel biological control methods is crucial to combat this disease effectively. Recent advances in biotechnology have shown promising results in developing biological control agents, such as microbial inoculants, bio-fungicides, and bio-pesticides. These agents can specifically target the fungi responsible for the disease, leading to more efficient and sustainable control measures. The review highlights the urgent need to develop sustainable and effective biological control methods to combat PLCuD in Pakistan and to provide innovative and eco-friendly solutions for managing this devastating disease and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the peach industry in Pakistan.

The need for vendor development programmes to increase the efficiency of the automotive industry in Pakistan

Although there is always a need for further development in business models and industrial organisations via gradual improvements in their operations including production activities, warehouse management and supply chain management, it is quite obvious that from the present rise in inflation, a gap between the employees and the employers has been observed in the automotive sector due to a lack of vocational training or vendor development programmes causing uncertain attributes. The study aimed to highlight the significance of vendor development programmes in the automotive sector along with hindering factors and uncover the impediments that do not allow the encouragement of vendor development programmes in the said industry in Pakistan. The methodology for this research is qualitative, which will take the best measures by collecting the data from the vendors, especially from the operations department as this department is having deep insight and core knowledge about the organisation. The study concluded that financial constraint is the major factor that limits vendor development programmes in the automotive industry of Pakistan. Keywords: Automotive industry, training programmes, vendor, vendor development programmes

The Determinants of Growth In Banking Sector: Time Series Analysis of Conventional And Islamic Banking In Pakistan

A well-developed financial and banking system efficiently transformssavings into investments. The banking system of Pakistan is based on a dual structure of conventional and Islamic banking. The current study aims to identify the factors that determine growth in the banking industry of Pakistan, keeping in view both conventional and Islamic banking. For this purpose, the ARDL model was applied on the time series data of Pakistanfor the period 2007-2022. The data was taken from the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). The variable ‘investment’ was used as a proxy to measure growth in the banking sector, comprising both conventional and Islamic banking sectors. The results of the empirical analysis indicated that growth in deposit, growth in GDP, and population growth are the main determinants of growth in the banking sector of Pakistan. Based on the findings of the study it is suggested that measures must be taken to increase deposits in both systems of banking by giving various incentives to households.

Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance in the Construction Industry of Pakistan

Organizations focus on human resources to improve performance as a result of high global competition and a dynamic business environment. In today’s competitive environment, employee performance and job satisfaction are critical to the achievement of a company’s goals. Job satisfaction is an organization’s unnoticed success. Employee performance and job satisfaction are powerful tools that help in continuously developing and improving organizational performance to achieve strategic objectives. Job satisfaction is critical to the overall productivity of any given industry. Job satisfaction is important for both the employer and the employee. According to studies, employers greatly benefit from satisfied employees because they are more productive. One of the most important goals of a company is to maximize employee performance to achieve those goals. As a result, the focus of this study was on identifying the factors of job satisfaction and employee performance. It also evaluated the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance in Pakistani construction projects. A detailed literature review was used to identify various factors, which were then shortlisted based on their relevance to the Pakistani construction industry by interviewing ten experienced practitioners. Totals of 11 job satisfaction and eight employee performance parameters were discovered. In total, 85 samples were collected as part of the data collection process via a questionnaire survey and statistically analyzed using multiple regression analysis. According to the results, all of the models have a high ability to compute the increase in employee performance criteria via the predicting variables. The overall models are significant because a value less than 0.05 indicates that they are. The study’s findings will assist practitioners in understanding the critical criteria that will increase employer satisfaction and improve performance.

ENERGY CONSERVATION BY NEW ENERGY-EFFICIENT MOTORS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL FORECASTS USING STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES

As the most energy-intensive machines on the planet, induction motors are the subject of an ongoing study to increase their effectiveness. In this respect, new energy-efficient motors (NEEMs) are being developed. For increasing energy conservation, motors with efficiencies considerably higher than traditional standard motors (TSMs) and energy-efficient motors (EEMs) have been suggested. NEEMs have the potential to save a significant quantity of energy as well as operating costs. A comparative study is conducted in this paper to show how much energy and cost can be saved if TSMs in various industries in Pakistan are replaced with NEEMs, as well as their payback period. A data sample of 23 motors of different ratings has been collected in this pilot study and 90 percent confidence limits are calculated using a t-distribution. The energy conservation benefits of the NEEMs are found encouraging