Industry Cluster Research Articles

Spatial Distribution Analysis of Urban Retail Industry Using POI Big Data

With the development of social economy, it is very important to identify urban functional areas and understand the spatial distribution characteristics of urban functional areas for urban scientific planning and government decision-making. Reasonable spatial distribution of urban retail industry is of great significance to promote urban economic development, optimize urban structure, and meet the consumption needs of urban residents. Based on the data of retail industry's POI, GDP, population and transportation in Nanning, China, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of different retail industry clusters in the city, and studies the spatial correlation between retail industry and population, economy, transportation, etc., using the methods of kernel density method, spatial correlation analysis, Getis-Ord G * index statistics, and average nearest neighbor distance. The results show that:(1)On the whole, the retail industry is concentrated in the central urban area of Nanning, spreading from the middle to the surrounding areas. (2)The retail hot spots have formed a multi-center development and surrounding spread pattern in spatial distribution. (3) The spatial distribution of the retail industry is highly related to the main traffic lines. At the same time, the concentration and distribution of the retail industry have a strong spatial correlation with the economy and population.

FUNDING AND OVERFUNDING PHENOMENA IN CROWDFUNDING: RELEVANCE OF PLATFORM CHOICE AND VARYING INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

This study provides new evidence on factors relevant for the success of crowdfunding campaigns run in Europe between 2015 and 2017 on the most popular crowdfunding platforms in Germany/Austria – Kickstarter.com and Startnext.com. In particular, for this study, a sample of 10,514 campaigns from Germany and Austria for the first time serves as a basis for identifying the determinants of the level of projects’ (over-)funding. For crowdfunding projects, an increase in a project’s funding goal results in higher funding on both platforms, but this does not guarantee success, i.e. reaching the relevant funding goal. Projects with a higher success probability show lower funding goals, especially if launched on Startnext.com. In contrast, a longer duration negligibly increases the amount raised on Startnext and slightly decreases on Kickstarter. On Startnext, projects from the Art cluster have a higher chance to succeed, while these from the Technology cluster show smaller success probabilities as they regularly get less funding. On Kickstarter, projects from the Art, Technology, or Lifestyle field reach higher financing as compared to the Sustainability area. We show that the uncertainty about market size and project/founder quality leads to diverging over- and underfunding levels across platforms and industry clusters, which is of core importance to interested stakeholder groups.
 Key words: crowdfunding, crowd, reward, Kickstarter, Startnext

Collaborative development model and strategies of multi-energy industry clusters: Multi-indicators analysis affecting the development of coastal energy clusters

The paper explores Coastal Energy-Based Industrial Clusters (EBICs) and their role in advancing energy efficiency and sustainability through collaborative innovation. Economic growth theory and energy sustainability have been introduced into industrial clusters to illustrate indicators that have a greater impact on the development of EBICs. This paper proposes an EBICs development model based on the Cobb-Douglas function, in which accounts for various factors that drive the progress of such clusters. The outcomes of the economic model also provide insights into how the interaction of various factors affects the economic growth of EBICs and their eventual dominance in the energy market of coastal regions, dependent on gradually investing in areas such as research and development (R&D). Different development strategies demonstrate that the final development of a cluster has low dependence on the cluster's initial advantages. The study also illustrates how clusters can gradually monopolize the energy market, even with initial disadvantages. Through quantitative analysis, it showcases the transformation process of developing advantageous clusters into sub-clusters. Next, an energy symbiosis framework for coastal is proposed, which places greater emphasis on the multi-energy complementary system and reduces production costs. Finally, this paper also sheds light on shaping energy strategies for public authorities who shape economic policies at various levels of aggregation and in diverse dimensions.

Mapping out focus for circular economy business models (CEBMs) research in construction sector studies – a bibliometric approach

Purpose The circular economy business models (CEBMs) provide ways for firms operating in the construction industry to move from a linear to a circular approach. Thus, this study aims to explore CEBM research within the construction sector to show the focus area of studies, highlighting new areas that require attention. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a bibliometric approach, using the Scopus database as the data source. The keywords used for paper extraction from the database were “circular economy business” OR “circular business” AND “model” OR “models” AND “construction industry” OR “building industry”. The VOSviewer software was then used to prepare a co-occurrence and co-authorship map based on the bibliographic data gathered. Findings The study’s findings reveal five research clusters in the construction industry. These clusters include circular construction intelligence, modular business modelling, eco-construction, sustainable construction economics and smart energy-efficient buildings. The two most cited scholars had two publications each, while the top journals are the Journal of Cleaner Production and Sustainable Production and Consumption. This study concludes that there is a need for research within the construction sector to focus on CEBMs’ archetypes and frameworks. This will enable a smooth transition from linear to circular business models in the sector. Research limitations/implications The information was gathered from a single database, Scopus; hence, using other databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar and Dimensions, might produce more articles for examination and, consequently, different findings on the subject under investigation. Practical implications These findings would assist researchers in considering the areas mentioned, which are yet to receive attention, and, by extension, enhance economic development while maintaining environmental sustainability. Originality/value This paper made a significant contribution to the body of knowledge by identifying scholars and platforms that have been instrumental in advancing CEBM research and highlighting new areas that require attention in the construction sector.

Internal versus external agglomeration advantages in investment location choice: The role of global cities’ international connectivity

Global location choices for foreign direct investments by MNCs aim to benefit both from the advantages of collocation with other activities of the firm (internal agglomeration) and the advantages of proximity to local industry clusters of similar activities (external agglomeration). We submit that there are important trade-offs between internal and external agglomeration because internal knowledge transfer associated with collocation of various value-chain activities of the MNC is confronted with greater risk of knowledge spillovers to rival firms if there is a substantial local cluster. Moreover, we argue that the international connectivity of a location reduces the importance of local agglomeration as a driver of investment location decisions because connectivity allows the MNC to reap benefits from agglomeration at a distance through the (temporary) transfer of people and knowledge. Connectivity changes the trade-offs between internal and external agglomeration because it enhances the spatial reach of internal agglomeration more than external agglomeration. The influence of connectivity is greater for service-related value-chain activities than for production-related activities. We find support for these hypotheses in an analysis of 38,873 greenfield cross-border investment decisions across diverse value-chain activities and industries in 71 global cities, 2008–2016.

The coupling relationship between marine industry agglomeration and ecological environment system from the perspective of ecological environment

To analyze the coupling relationship in marine industry agglomeration and ecological environment system, this study used the formula of location entropy coefficient for measuring the development agglomeration status of marine industry. Meanwhile, it also separately measures the degree of agglomeration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in the ocean to reveal their degree of agglomeration in the region. In addition, a coupled correlation analysis model was designed. It uses grey relational analysis to reveal the relationships between data series in situations of insufficient data. Finally, a coupled coordination evaluation model was proposed. It evaluates the coupling status between the marine industry cluster and the ecological environment by calculating the capacity coupling coefficient, coupling degree, and coupling co scheduling. The results show that from 2013 to 2022, the agglomeration trend of the marine industry in Jiaodong Peninsula Province has undergone different changes. The location entropy coefficient of the primary industry increased from 1.3047 to 1.0987, while the location entropy coefficient of the secondary industry gradually increased from 0.2486 to 1.1141. The coupling coordination degree R between the marine industry agglomeration system and the ecological environment system has increased from 0.3986 to 0.6253. From 2018 to 2022, the coupling between the marine industry and ecological environment development has increased, gradually moving towards stability and coordination. This indicates that over the past decade, the development of the marine industry in Jiaodong Peninsula Province has placed greater emphasis on ecological protection, and has formed a positive interaction, promoting the coordinated development.

The Impact of Spatial Layout of Emerging Industry Clusters Development on Economic Structural Adjustment

This paper examines the impact of the spatial layout of emerging industry clusters on economic structural adjustment in China. By analyzing the geographical distribution, proximity to research institutions, and infrastructure development of these clusters, the study aims to understand their role in transforming China’s economic structure towards innovation-driven growth. The findings reveal that the spatial organization of industry clusters significantly influences regional economic development, industrial upgrading, and innovation capacity. Geographical concentration, connectivity, and proximity to knowledge sources are identified as key factors shaping the effectiveness of clusters. The paper concludes with policy implications, emphasizing the need for balanced regional development, enhanced connectivity, and strengthened innovation ecosystems to maximize the benefits of emerging industry clusters for China’s economic structural adjustment.

Analysis of Competitiveness in the Domestic Semiconductor Cluster Using Entropy Technique: Based on the GEM-ESG Model

Purpose - The study aims to conduct an empirical analysis of semiconductor cluster integrated competitiveness with a focus on the GEM-ESG model. Specifically, the study seeks to compare and analyze the development factors of semiconductor clusters in different regions. The results of the empirical study will reveal a clear concentration phenomenon in the semiconductor industry clusters of some regions.
 Design/Methodology/Approach - Previous research has established the factors influencing the competitive advantage of industrial clusters. The study collected competitive indicators from major South Korean cities and regions, incorporating these into the GEM model, and exploring ESG indicators relevant to the semiconductor industry. The study utilized Entropy Technique analysis to empirically assess the competitiveness of the South Korean semiconductor cluster and conduct comparative testing of the research findings.
 Findings - The results revealed a concentration phenomenon in the semiconductor industry clusters of Yongin and Chungbuk Province. Additionally, the study highlighted the importance of factors such as “groundings (G)”, “enterprise management (E)”, “market conditions (M)”, and ESG practices in determining competitiveness.
 Research Implications - Through empirical analyses, the study emphasizes the significance of GEM and ESG factors in the analysis of industrial clusters, particularly in contributing to long-term sustainability and competitive advantage focusing on the collaboration and alignment of ESG values.

Overcoming Uncertainty in Novel Technologies: The Role of Venture Capital Syndication Networks in Artificial Intelligence (AI) Startup Investments in Korea and Japan

This paper investigates how historical inter-firm syndication networks influence venture capitalists’ (VCs) propensity to invest in startups pursuing novel, uncertain technologies, with a focus on artificial intelligence (AI). We theorize that VCs’ positional attributes within cumulative syndication networks determine their access to external expertise and intelligence that aid AI investment decisions amidst informational opacity. Specifically, reachability to prior AI investors provides referrals and insights transmitted across short network paths to reduce ambiguity. Additionally, VC brokerage between disconnected industry clusters furnishes expansive, non-redundant information that is pivotal for discovering and assessing AI opportunities. Through hypotheses grounded in social network theory, we posit network-based mechanisms that equip VCs to navigate uncertainty when engaging with ambiguous innovations like AI. We test our framework, utilizing comprehensive historical records of global venture capital investments. Analyzing the location information of VC firms in this database, we uncovered a history of 14,751 investments made by Korean and Japanese firms. Using these data, we assembled an imbalanced panel dataset from 1984 to 2022 spanning 230 Korean and 413 Japanese VCs, with 4508 firm-year observations. Negative binomial regression analysis of this dataset reveals how historical relational patterns among venture capital firms foster readiness to evaluate unfamiliar innovations.

Identification and evaluation of the evolution stage of the agricultural machinery industry cluster in Shandong Province

AbstractAgricultural machinery industry clusters have great potential to solve key technological problems in China, and it is crucial to accurately identify the stage of cluster evolution. Based on the location entropy method, this paper finds that the location quotient coefficient is greater than 1.2 and the average annual growth rate is 1.11%, which indicates that the agricultural machinery industry in Shandong Province has a high degree of agglomeration, but the agglomeration speed is slow. Using the Groundings agglomeration—Economic network—Social network—Service system model, it is found that the agricultural machinery industry cluster in Shandong province is in the growth stage, in which the service system has the most significant influence on its development level. The weights of service system, social network, economic network, and basic resource aggregation derived from the Analytic Hierarchy Process model are 0.410, 0.321, 0.151, and 0.118, respectively, where agglomeration degree of the agricultural machinery industry, raw material production of agricultural machinery enterprises, exchange of tacit knowledge and intermediary service level are the four indicators with the greatest weights in the influences on sustainable development of the agricultural machinery industry. Because of the strong fuzzy nature between the indicators, this paper applies the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method to quantify the stage of evolution of Shandong Province's agricultural machinery industry cluster.

Independence of the Indonesian Defense Industry and Challenges in Defense Budget Allocation

This research aims to explore key issues related to Indonesia's economic potential, particularly its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reaching US$9.3 trillion. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projections indicate that by 2030, Indonesia will be one of the top economic powers, competing with India and Brazil. The primary focus of the research is the defense sector as a strategic potential requiring a proactive response. The research objectives involve exploring the level of self-sufficiency in the defense industry, understanding challenges related to defense budget allocation, and identifying factors influencing global competitiveness. The research methodology is descriptive with a qualitative document-based approach, specifically focusing on strategic State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) within Defense ID, such as PT Len, PT Pindad, PT PAL, PT DI, and PT Dahana. Data analysis encompasses information from these SOEs, utilizing theoretical frameworks including Competitive Theory, Penta-Helix Theory, Defense Industry Cluster Concept, and Central Government Budgeting Model. Research findings indicate that SOEs within Defense ID can be considered self-sufficient in the global defense industry competitiveness. However, it is noteworthy that the Defense Budget allocation is still below 1% of the GDP, creating its own challenges. The conclusion of the research is that Indonesia has significant potential to develop a self-reliant defense industry capable of global competition. Recommendations include enhancing collaboration, developing Pentahelix or Septahelix concepts, and implementing Defense Industry Clustering to improve innovation, efficiency, and competitiveness in the sector. Additionally, the Defense Budget Allocation Policy significantly influences the progress of this industry, requiring proactive measures to ensure alignment with the desired economic growth. Thus, the research findings provide a foundation for the Government, Stakeholders, and Future Researchers to develop strategies and policies supporting optimal growth in the Indonesian Defense sector.

Groundwater conservation, and recycling and reuse of textile wastewater in a denim industry of Bangladesh

Bangladesh holds the 2nd position after China in the global apparel market in terms of denim export. In the textile industry clusters of Bangladesh, the groundwater level is depleting at an alarming rate due to overconsumption and mismanagement. The present study evaluates the groundwater conservation potential of a denim facility in Manikganj District through an effluent recycling and reuse approach. In this study, 100% treated wastewater and 10% treated wastewater mixed with softwater were utilized in the wet processing plant to dye and wash sample denim products and investigated for their fabric quality using seven parameters. The test results followed the requirements given by the North American and European fashion brands that source denim products from Bangladesh. The feasibility assessment of groundwater conservation through its high (100%) and low (10%) recycling rates indicated that the studied facility can potentially save around 619,230 m3 and 61,923 m3 of groundwater in a year, respectively.

Removal of Heavy Metals and Bulk Organics towards Application in Modified Constructed Wetlands Using Activated Carbon and Zeolites

Constructed wetlands are a versatile technology for various treatment approaches, especially in emerging countries. The research aims to study and optimize the hybridizing process of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland with adsorption technology to provide energy-efficient and sustainable removal of heavy metals and bulk organics before their discharge into water bodies or water reuse for irrigation. This study focuses on the adsorption of selected heavy metals present in sewage from Kanpur, India, a cluster of tanning industries and other relevant industrial polluters, investigating the pollutant adsorption onto activated carbon and zeolites in batch and column tests. The results of the batch tests indicated high zeolite loading rates for lead (91.6 mg/g), chromium (60.8 mg/g) and copper (47.4 mg/g). In the column tests applying different adsorbent combinations and ratios, the average removal rates were as follows: 54.6% for cadmium, 14.1% for chromium, 52.4% for copper, 2.2% for iron, 29.2% for manganese, 26.6% for nickel, 35.2% for lead and 44.6% for zinc. The column tests conducted in preparation for field testing in pilot wetlands showed that shorter retention times and background bulk organic concentrations, as well as high ammonium concentrations, negatively affected heavy metal removal by reducing the adsorption and ion exchange capacity of the adsorbents.

A study on the evaluation of competitiveness in the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou

As the global economy continues to evolve, air transportation is increasingly seen as a crucial factor in enhancing regional competitiveness. In particular, aviation logistics industry clusters have emerged as a new driving force for regional economic development. In this context, the current study aims to evaluate the competitiveness of the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou, China. To achieve this goal, the study employs the “GEM model” and constructs a GKA evaluation model using evaluation index data from 21 logistics node cities across China in 2021. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method is used for empirical analysis of the data. The results of the study reveal that the competitiveness of Zhengzhou’s aviation logistics industry cluster is moderately low. This is primarily due to the weak competitiveness of its foundational and regulatory subsystems. Specifically, the study finds that Zhengzhou’s resources, facilities, markets, government, and industry aspects are all less competitive when compared to other cities in China. In order to enhance the competitiveness of Zhengzhou’s aviation logistics industry cluster, the study recommends that efforts be made to improve the competitiveness of key elements such as resources, facilities, markets, and government. In particular, the focus should be on elevating industry competitiveness, followed by the development of appropriate regulatory strategies. By doing so, the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou would be better positioned to compete with other clusters within China and globally.

Mapping industry workforce needs to academic curricula – A workforce development effort in model‐based systems engineering

AbstractModel‐based systems engineering (MBSE) is rapidly gaining popularity among U.S. industries. Though industry practitioners and academic researchers have identified several advantages in transitioning to MBSE, several adoption challenges of MBSE in industries, such as insufficient tool knowledge, lack of skilled personnel, and resistance in organizations toward a shift to MBSE, are observed. Attesting to the challenges in industry adoption of MBSE, a previous research study by the authors characterized the adoption challenges as tools‐based, knowledge‐based, cultural, political, and cost‐related, and customer understanding and acceptance of MBSE practices. This study is motivated to explore further and address the challenge of low MBSE tool knowledge and lack of skilled personnel with MBSE knowledge for industry adoption. This paper presents a two‐phased research approach framed by an overarching question of the extent to which the MBSE academic curriculum is aligned with industry workforce requirements. In Phase 1 of the study, we survey industry professionals from Defense, Aerospace, Automotive, and other industry clusters to identify MBSE tools, languages, and concepts preferred by industry professionals in a candidate for hire. This is followed by Phase 2 of the survey targeted at academic institutions with Systems and MBSE programs to analyze the extent to which MBSE curricula reflect industry workforce hiring requirements. Further, we also identify the challenges reported in academic institutions in training the Workforce on MBSE. The contributions of this paper are two‐fold: providing a pathway for academic institutions to align their curricula to MBSE industry workforce requirements and triggering discussion in the broader MBSE community to identify strategies for addressing MBSE adoption challenges and training future model‐based systems engineers.

Strategic priorities of industrial support of energy projects in the Arctic

The article deals with economic issues of support of energy projects in the Arctic based on the use of the industrial potential of the region on the example of the Murmansk region, a subject of the Russian Federation. The article contains justification of the administrative and economic mechanism of formation of the oil and gas cluster with small and medium-sized businesses as its core. The mechanism includes consistent implementation of several stages: analysis of industrial opportunities of regional suppliers, implementation of development programs, establishment of industry clusters, participation in tender procedures. The suggested mechanism will ensure increasing the share of participation of regional companies in realization of industrial projects and localization of production facilities.Special attention is paid to the challenges faced by the supplier companies of oil and gas industry and the ways to overcome them effectively. The article studies the mechanism of horizontal integration of regional supplier companies in order to perform a consolidated representation of their industrial potential when participating in tender procedures. The authors give considerable attention to the role of the state in realization of energy projects in the Arctic and to interaction with regional business communities when establishing oil and gas clusters on the territory of new mining regions.Involvement of small and medium-sized businesses in realization of major energy projects is an essential condition for the long-term development of economy. Many regional industrial enterprises possess unique competencies that may be in special demand in the conditions of the sanctions pressure and withdrawal of foreign companies from the Russian market. The authors especially focus on the formation of institutional conditions aimed at creating favourable environment for mutual integration of the interests of state, operators of energy projects and regional suppliers.

Együttműködések szükségessége a gyógyszeripari, biotechnológiai fejlesztési folyamatokban az Észak-alföldi régióban

One of the leading sectors of the Hungarian Northern Great Plain region - a high capital-intensive, long-return, "high risk - high benefit" industry such as red biotechnology – was examined to see what impact its development might have and what expectations the various cooperation opportunities set for the value chain at different points. It can be stated that the industry has serious, decades-long roots in the region. At the same time, following the spiral of the "biotech industry" also comes with new challenges, and a modern, innovative university background is essential for the expansion of the sector and its establishment at all. In the 2020s, new competitors arrived, such as the vehicle and battery industries, which are also high value-added and innovation-intensive industries. In all these areas, industry clusters have been formed, with universities of the region as intellectual hubs. Along these lines, the innovation mechanisms and collaborations of the respective disciplines (biotechnology in this publication) have been renewed, modernised and strengthened, which is also important for managing risks.

Research and Practice on Green Development of Cultural Tourism Integrated Industry Clusters

This paper focuses on the green development of cultural tourism integrated industry clusters, discussing case studies such as Longquanyi District, Bazhong Guangwushan, and Shuangliu District. It examines from various perspectives the impact factors, development models, and core issues of green development evaluation in cultural tourism integration within industry clusters. Under the guidance of industrial cluster theory, industry integration theory, and sustainable development theory, a research approach is constructed: “Cultural Tourism Integration - Business Model Innovation - Industry Cluster - Green Development Evaluation - Policy Recommendations”. This study deeply analyzes the formation conditions, new business model development, level of green development, and existing problems of cultural tourism integrated industry clusters in different regions, and proposes corresponding policy recommendations. By combining theory with practice, this study provides useful references for promoting the integration and sustainable development of cultural, ecological, and tourism resources.

Misallocation, Productivity and Development with Endogenous Production Techniques

We study misallocation and sectoral productivity in a heterogeneous firms model with generalized production. Different from neo-classical models of production, our model endogenizes production-techniques and introduces firm-specific technique-distortions alongside factor- and scale-dependent distortions. Applying this micro-founded framework to firm-level data (US, China and India), we quantify that, for a broad range of manufacturing industry clusters, technique distortions generate more severe misallocation and sectoral TFP losses than capital and output distortions, accounting for about three quarters of the detrimental productivity effects. We thus uncover a quantitatively important channel for productivity growth and economic development resulting from within-firm organization of production.

МЕТОДИКА ОЦЕНКИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ РАЗВИТИЕМ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ МЕЗОСИСТЕМ

The article is focused on the consideration of the concept of mesosism in the context of management by socio-economic development. It also provides a methodology for assessing and managing the development of socioeconomic mesosystems. The article proposes a number of methods that will allow assessing the level of development of socio-economic systems for further development of measures to improve their management efficiency. Systemic economics considers the concept of “mesoeconomics” mainly in the context of the economic sphere, focusing on the regional dimension [Kleiner 2006]. At the same time, it is advisable to expand the conceptual framework to include the following aspects in the field of mesoeconomics research: – Industry clusters and ecosystems – groups of interconnected enterprises and organizations united by a single industry specialization, common technologies and markets; – Local economic systems – autonomous territorial entities with their own resources, production base and infrastructure, but interacting with the external environment; – Global value chains – networks of interconnected enterprises and organizations engaged in joint activities for the production and distribution of goods and services on a global scale. The development of the theoretical foundations of mesoeconomics will allow not only to study, but also to manage those objects, contributing to an increase in the efficiency of the economic system as a whole. It will require the involvement of an interdisciplinary approach combining methods of systems analysis, economics, sociology and other sciences. Thus, mesoobjects take the modern economy beyond the neoclassical paradigm, opening up new horizons for research and practical application. The system economy, expanded on the basis of the proposed concepts, serves as a promising theoretical basis for building mesoeconomical models and developing effective management mechanisms.