Branches Of Industry Research Articles

ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN REALSECTO R COMPANIES OF THE REPU BLIC OF ARMENIA

The economic results of each company are formed as a result of the impact of both macroeconomic fluctuations and microeconomic factors. Ensuring stable and harmonious economic growth of the RA economy, coping with crisis phenomena and the normal operation of companies requires the development and implementation of anti-crisis management. In the conditions of current uncertainty, instability, which in many cases is accompanied by the development of the crisis, anti-crisis management mechanisms receive special attention. Challenges and crises, being widespread, arise in any system and sector of society. Researchers and practitioners use anti- crisis management measures and methods to solve and overcome its negative phenomena. The problem of anti-crisis management in companies stems from the nature of the economic reforms implemented in RA. Doing business is always associated with the uncertainty of the economic situation. Overcoming crisis phenomena with anti-crisis management methods and tools is one of the contributing factors to improving the state of the main branches of RA industry. It is a complex problem that requires systematic methodical development. In the presented work, the role of anti-crisis management in the real sector was studied, to identify the modern features of the formation and development of the bankruptcy institute of the Republic of Armenia and the reasons for the low efficiency of rehabilitation procedures, to present the stages of anti-crisis management. In the conditions of a deep systemic crisis, the economy of the country will have a significant impact on the deterioration of the financial condition of the companies and the industry. In order to stabilize the socioeconomic situation of companies, to weaken financial dependence, to increase the efficiency of operations, to maximize the value of the company, in some cases, to avoid losses and bankruptcy, financial planning is important. In this context, a systematic anti-crisis management program of the company is necessary, which I think is very necessary in the companies of the leading branches of the RA industry.

Comparative analysis of compressed air production equipment

In this paper the main devices for the production of compressed air - compressors are considered. The text describes their classification according to the principle of operation and principles of operation, which shows one of the principle air circuits of the compressor system with an electric circuit control of the electric drive of the compressor on ships with the complex automation of the power plant. And also in our work provides a comparison of different models of bulk compressors to determine which compressors are needed for more comfortable and safe operation. Consequently, they noted the main advantages and disadvantages of the models under consideration. I would also like to note that compressors and compression equipment are used everywhere. It is used in all branches of industry, in construction work, car repair, food production, agriculture, as well as in any other activities of the modern man. Learn how compress or sand compression equipment work.

Requirements for a chainsaw operator’s exoskeleton

Despite the mechanisation of the forest industry, the profession of a tree feller is still in demand. A tree feller with chainsaw works under great physical strain on all muscle groups. A distinctive feature of the job is the need to constantly change working postures and the need to hold a fairly heavy petrol-powered chainsaw in your outstretched arms. Facilitating the working conditions of the tree feller by reducing his or her physical fatigue is an urgent task. In order to achieve the purpose of this work, it was necessary to investigate the working conditions at a tree feller's workplace, to study the exoskeleton designs used in different branches of industry, and to formulate the requirements for a chainsaw operator’s exoskeleton design. To achieve the goal and solve the designated tasks, the use of patent information search methods, among scientific and technical literature, comparison, functional-structural-technological analysis, allowed one to establish the currently achieved technical level of exoskeletons and trends in their development. Thanks to the use of the brainstorming method in addition to the aforementioned methods, it was possible to achieve the final result of the work, which consists in the formulation of requirements for an exoskeleton for a chainsaw operator.

Bezbednost informacija u automobilskoj industriji - mehanizam TISAX

With the development of information technologies and their application in all spheres of activity, information security has become an actual problem. A significant step towards solving that problem was the adoption of the ISO/IEC 27000 family of standards for information security management systems (ISMS). The practical application of these standards showed that the generic standard cannot satisfy all specific requirements for information security in certain areas, so the adoption of sector standards in areas such as telecommunications, electric power systems, cloud computing, etc. At the same time, in some branches of industry, special standards were adopted to express their specificities. One of those areas is the automotive industry, where the TISAX mechanism has been established to ensure that suppliers comply with information security requirements, especially when it comes to information related to prototypes. This paper provides a summary of the TISAX mechanism, its structure and constituent elements, as well as its relationship with the ISO/IEC 27000 family of standards.

ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗОН РИЗИКІВ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРЕГЕТИЧНОГО СЕКТОРУ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ

The article examines the issue of the impact of risks on the formation and provision of economic security of enterprises in the electric power industry of Ukraine. Currently, the global economic crisis is dictating the conditions for the economies of almost all branches of industry, and for our country, waging war, on the one hand, had a negative impact on the economy of Ukraine, its investment attractiveness, on the other hand, the help of partners in response caused a chain reaction in the world financial system. The main goal of the electric power company is to increase competitiveness by providing high-quality electricity supply services, ensuring reliability and uninterrupted service for all types of persons (including legal consumers and the public). As a result of the analysis, the article presents the peculiarities of non-linear and open systems of electric power enterprises, which are prone to changing stages of stability and instability, namely the formation of four phases of functioning. This helped the author to form a model of comprehensive assessment of the economic security of an electric power enterprise and to present a system of indicators for its provision. This model is based on the identification of threats and the level of economic security, which will further be the object of enterprise research using a system of economic security indicators. The construction of a system of indicators of the economic security of an electric power enterprise is based on the following criteria: coverage of the most important markets and institutions; analytical significance; found usefulness; significance of institutions or crisis situations; accessibility; symmetrical display of information at the sector level; use of aggregated information; the use of a consolidated approach in order to avoid double accounting of the entity's capital and activity. The main indicators for determining the economic security of business entities have also been formed, which include a number of internal and external components. Thus, each of them includes a list of tools that, based on the aggregate results, certify the achievement of the appropriate level of economic security of the electric power enterprise.

THE DERIVATIVES OF 7-AMINO-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYLCOUMARINE AS POTENTIAL FLUORESCENT FOOD DYES – PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Background. Unique food products such as black hamburgers, pink bagels and Jelly Beans have been more and more desired, especially among young adults. Following this trend, we focused our interest on a fluorescence phenomenon which has not been considered yet by the food industry to be interesting. Con trary to fluorescent dyes, natural and synthetic ones are widely used to give food attractive colors. The fluorescent properties of coumarin derivatives could be of interest to various industry branches, including the food industry. In this paper, we have tested the water-soluble derivatives of coumarin as a fluorescent dye for alcoholic drinks and obtained promising results. The aim of the research was to obtain through chemical synthesis the derivatives of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarine and analyze them in terms of the range of their application and impact on the selected microorganisms. Results and Conclusions. The derivatives of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarine can be considered potential fluorescent dyes for alcoholic drinks. They absorb visible light, may be excited in the region of electromagnetic radiation emitted by incandescent lamps characteristic of nightclubs, the so-called black bulbs. The dye fluorescence is only moderately affected by water present in drinks . The optimal concen tration of the dye is low and would probably be safe for human health. Additionally, the dye examined is capable of reducing the growth of selected molds.

APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI METHOD IN OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXTRACTION PROCEDURE OF SHEET METAL

The process of deep sheet metal drawing is accepted in all industrial branches. This process is, therefore, very important to maintain a certain level of quality. For this reason, measurements and tests must be carried out to determine how much sheet metal deformation occurred after the deep drawing process. For this purpose, an experiment of deep drawing of sheet metal was carried out using the example of kitchen utensils. In addition, the Taguchi method was used in this experiment to test the quality of the obtained kitchenware. In the experiment, three factors were taken with three alternatives that affect the deep drawing of sheet metal, and 27 experiments were used for the Taguchi method. The results of this experiment showed that the best results were achieved by the smallest drawing depth of 65 mm and the worst results were obtained by the drawing thickness of 70 mm. Regarding the thickness of the material, the best results were achieved by the material of 21 mm, and the material of 15 mm achieved the worst results. In addition, an analysis of variance was carried out, which determined the relationship between force and deformation of the material.

Automated system of monitoring professional skills development of food production operators based on a computer simulator

Research is devoted to the development of a computer simulator complex (CSC) to develop the professional skills of food production operators. The structure (conceptual model) of CSC for training of food production operators is developed, the distinctive features of which for solving the problem of professional training of operators is the integration of the simulator, which allows to reproduce real technological processes of food production for training purposes, with the automated information system (AIS) of control over the formation of professional skills in the course of exercise courses on CSC. The sets of parameters that determine: the structure and properties of the technological operation modeled in the exercise on CSC for the generation of individual exercise variants; the actions performed by the trainee in the exercise depending on the features of the simulated technological operation with the use of physical models of real equipment or elements of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR); evaluation of the process and results of the exercise in the virtual automated training environment CSC are described. The application of CSC in the training process allows to flexibly customize exercises for professional training of operators of different branches of food industry (meat, dairy, bakery, confectionery, etc.), which helps to improve the quality of training results, as well as to reduce the labor intensity of creating and controlling the implementation of training courses in CSC by operators.

ОЦЕНКА ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТРАСЛЕЙ ОБРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА

In this article, branches of the manufacturing industry of Azerbaijan were studied in order to determine their dependence on investments based on annual statistical data. These are the textile industry, the production of building materials and the production of machinery and equipment and others. The time period of observation is 17 years from 2005 to 2022. The article presents the results of correlation analysis of dependencies, studies lag dependencies and others. Based on the studied literature and research results, the article considers options for attracting investments in the form of the development of new technologies, which also manifests itself in improving the existing management system with the available results. Based on the results obtained, the author presents conclusions and suggestions that can be used in the construction and monitoring of investment policy in manufacturing industries.

Assessment of Turbulence in the Industrial Environment of the Russian Machine-Building Complex

In recent years, the term "turbulence" has been increasingly used to describe the state of the environment for business entities. The analysis of the identified approaches to defining its essence provides grounds for treating turbulence as an integral, essential and, most importantly, complex characteristic of the external environment. The relevance of its study is determined by the increasing speed of change, increasing complexity and uncertainty, mutual influence of changes in the national economy and its individual industries and, as a consequence, the need to take into account the level of turbulence in the justification of strategic decisions at any level. At the same time, in modern publications we could not find any studies focused on the peculiarities of assessing the turbulence of the industry and, accordingly, correct quantitative approaches to its implementation. The aim of this study is to develop a method of quantitative assessment of the level of industry turbulence in the case of machine-building industries. The scientific hypothesis of the research is as follows: the level of turbulence of a particular branch of modern Russian industry is defined by the variability of indicators characterising its condition. The methods of the research were structural-logical and matrix analysis, tools of statistical data processing. The quantitative method developed to assess the industry turbulence includes such steps as the choice, taking into account the accepted assumptions, of evaluation indicators, justification of the decision regarding the use of the coefficient of variation as a tool for assessing their variability, collection of the necessary information, calculation and interpretation of the results. The testing on a sample of 17 machine-building sub-sectors by assessing the turbulence of each for a 10-year period confirmed the hypothesis of the study and showed a significant differentiation of industries by the level of turbulence. The key role in the formation of the turbulence level of the modern Russian machine-building industry is played by the degree of its technological sophistication and import dependence. The obtained results allow us to assess the state of the environment of various industries objectively enough, which should increase the degree of the validity of strategic decision-making at all levels of economic activity.

ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ УСЛУГ ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЕЙ ПОД ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕМ ВВЕДЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

At the moment the branch of power industry faces problems in development which have various nature of emergence. Using innovative technologies will solve problems and change the service of electricity supply to consumers. The article describes the innovative technologies and considers how they will behave during the implementation. Considered what are the regulatory requirements for energy supply and their changes after the introduction of innovative technologies. The results of successful implementation of innovative technologies for the entire industry are considered.

Базисні положення організаційно-економічного механізму розвитку підприємництва в деревообробній промисловості

The article updates the issues of formation and implementation of the State policy for the development of entrepreneurial activity in the domestic woodworking industry. It was concluded that for such purposes, the State should build and implement an effective and efficient organizational and economic mechanism, which is endowed with a set of tools and means, as well as algorithms for their implementation, which are aimed at activating and increasing the efficiency of business in this branch of Ukrainian industry. Based on these principles, the aim of the article is to generalize the existing and develop new methodological and applied principles of the State policy of formation and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism of the development of entrepreneurship in the woodworking industry. It was found that the organizational and economic mechanism of the State policy for the development of entrepreneurship in the woodworking industry conceptually consists of the following elements: a regulatory and legal framework that creates conditions for the transparent and stable activity of business entities; strategic planning of industrial enterprise development; resource provision necessary for the effective implementation of policy goals and objectives; the control and monitoring system, responsible for evaluating the results of policy implementation. It is shown that the purpose of the organizational block of the mechanism is to create and maintain an effective institutional structure that ensures coordination between all levels of management, business entities and other market participants, which includes the development of organizational and legal norms, development programs, as well as mechanisms for monitoring and controlling policy implementation. It is argued that the purpose of the economic block is to provide financial support, stimulate investment activity, optimize the resource potential of enterprises and promote their technological modernization. It is proved that the main focus should be on the provision of tax benefits, public financing, lending, as well as supporting enterprises through public procurement and subsidies. It is identified that the subjects of the mechanism are State authorities, enterprises of the production sector, financial institutions, elements of the market infrastructure. The participation of public organizations and international partners is also an important element of the mechanism, because it contributes to the spread of the best practices of entrepreneurship development and integration into the economic space.

Exploring Optimization Algorithms: A Review of Methods and Applications

This article review focuses on feature selection as the main parameter that plays a major role in tuning machine learning models. Several algorithms of optimization such as MFO (Moth-Flame Optimization), the GA-GSA algorithm’s hybrid type, SOA (Seagull Optimization Algorithm), WOA (Whale Optimization Algorithm), GOA (Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm), HGSO (Henry Gas Solubility Optimization), and SafeOpt are widely used in engineering design, power systems scheduling, The paper stresses the importance of optimization in improving efficiency, lessening mistakes and increasing understandability of machine learning models. The literature addresses the widest directions in the usage of optimization for the following fields of science such as structural engineering, additive manufacturing, and landslide susceptibility mapping. A comprehensive summary table is generated, which shows an overview of each study, algorithm, focus, and methodology and has a stoke of key findings. The conclusions reveal the adaptiveness, competitiveness and compossibility of the optimization algorithms applied to a wide range of domains. The summary shows how optimization has the potential to change decision-making processes and activities by being a decisive factor that determines the future of branches of various industries. The main objective of this work is to direct researchers and practitioners by providing them with some innovative ideas and approaches and offering insights on the existing cutting-edge approaches while laying the groundwork for future innovations in optimization.

Analiza stanja i koriscenja pneumatskih postrojenja u nekim preduzecima drvne industrije Srbije

Obtaining pressurized air represents a significant expenditure of energy for every branch of industry, and today it is simply unthinkable to exist? industrial plants without the production, distribution and use of pressurized air. This is particularly representative in the wood processing industry in which there are great opportunities for savings that can be made with the produced air under pressure, starting from its proper use to the monitoring of the equipment during exploitation and the implementation of preventive maintenance measures. Bearing the above in mind, research was carried out in companies of the wood industry in Serbia in order to analyze the economics of obtaining and adequate use of pres?surized air. In addition to the data on the type of compressor plants, the survey also obtained data on: the type of pressurized air storage tank, the correct use of the air preparation group, the existing automation for plant operation, preventive maintenance measures, leakage control and prevention, and employee training. The conclusions were drawn in the form of guidelines for the rational use of pressurized air, which can bring significant savings in energy consumption and increase efficiency and productivity in work.

AVALIAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE NÍQUEL NO AR E NA URINA DE MORADORES PRÓXIMOS A UMA INDÚSTRIA E DEPÓSITO DE REJEITOS SIDERÚRGICOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE VOLTA REDONDA, RJ

NICKEL EVALUATION IN THE AIR AND IN THE URINE OF PEOPLE WHO LIVE NEAR TO AN INDUSTRY AND A STEEL TAILING DEPOSIT IN THE CITY OF VOLTA REDONDA, RJ, BRAZIL. Steelmaking is an important industrial branch, but it is also associated with large emissions of pollutants into the environment, especially nickel, which is used in the manufacturing process of metallic alloys and steel. Nickel is generally associated with particulate matter and, in industrial regions, its concentration can be 14 times higher than those observed in non-industrialized regions. This study was carried out in a residential area located in the city of Volta Redonda, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, which is impacted by industrial steel activity and by a deposit of steel slag tailings. The goal of this study was to measure air contamination and its impact on the health of the population by determining Ni in the total particulate matter and in the urine of 211 residents. The results obtained showed that the average values of Ni in the atmospheric air varied in the range of 1.3-13.2 ng m-3, with a maximum value of 20 ng m-3, which is comparable to other industrialized regions. In turn, Ni concentration in the urine of the residents presented an average concentration of 3.61 µg L-1, which is higher than the values normally found in the urine of occupationally exposed persons.

PATOLOGIJA ORGANIZACIJE I UPRAVLJANJE KRIZAMA

Organizational crises are an inevitable consequence of the nature of the organization and are manifested and resolved in different ways. The crises affect enterprises, industrial branches, the society, etc. This paper addresses a new approach to the development of crises within organizations (like inevitable consequences of the process of organizing) and the occurrence of the most common pathologies of organizations as the consequences thereof, with special emphasis on further intensification of the crisis processes and the multiplication of consequences under the conditions of transition in Serbia. The paper explains some of the most common manifest forms of organizational paradoxes and pathological conditions of the organizational structure and functioning of organizations, which are unavoidable, and which occur in all enterprises (under stationary conditions, in the enterprises operating successfully, in the regulated economies, etc.) but which easily explode in the transition or transform into even more dangerous mutations. Certainly, the pathology of environment is an additional generator of the occurrence of pathological conditions in enterprises.

The Interaction between Zinc and Cadmium from Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Perspectives. Is Zinc a Natural Protector?

Cadmium is known as a toxicant for animals and human beings. Despite of its toxic properties it is used in many industrial branches. Thus, people are likely to be exposed to cadmium due to professional and environmental reasons. The underlying mechanisms of cadmium toxication are oxidative stress, oxidative stress-related inflammation and interaction with bio-elements. Many studies have reported a protective role of zinc against cadmium toxication in animals and at cellular levels. Thus, this review revealed the protective effect of zinc from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory perspectives. In this study, documents analyzing the interaction between Zn and Cd in metabolism were examined.

Teritorijalna rasprostranjenost industrijskih preduzeća u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji 1938. godine

The paper presents an effort to determine the territorial distribution of factories in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1938, according to branches of industry using the data based on the list of industrial enterprises published in Statistics of the Industry of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1941). The paper also gives a brief overview of the source material on industry statistics and the very definition of an industrial enterprise.

CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN MEDIA STUDIES

Creativity, as a concept, has existed long before the term “creative industries”. It was first used in 1994 in the Australian government’s strategy document “Creative Nation”. Namely, from the beginning of civilization, until today, human beings have been creative in the most diverse possible ways. Although one tends to associate this term with art, today it has a really wide application, from industrial, fashion, graphic design to creativity, which often “breaks” the routine of everyday life, which to a lesser or greater extent imposes very similar obligations on us. What has changed with the development of society and technology is that creativity today is to a large extent, in addition to the spiritual and artistic value which has for the individual, a sphere that can bring significant material profit to cities and countries, and as such is recognized as a special branch of industry. Therefore, this paper will discuss following topics: creative capital, creative class, Frankfurt school, portals, blogs, human, industrial and design.

Food industry of the North Caucasus during the first five-year plans (a case study of Kuban and Stavropol)

The article considers the development processes of the food industry of the North Caucasus in the late 1920-ies–1930-ies drawing on the example of Kuban and Stavropol. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of these processes in a ratio of the segments of this industrial branch, to show its conditions and development problems, as well as the factors of its significance both for the local economic system and the country’s economy. To develop these objectives, based on a system approach, as well as other historical research principles and methods, the peculiarities of the regional character, the development dynamics of the Kuban and Stavropol food industry are analyzed for the first time, and their potentials are compared. The author enlarges upon the economic specifics that was determining the economic priorities in these regions of the country and was revealing in the close interrelation of this industry branch with agriculture in these regions. The article shows the structure of the food industry, peculiarities of production, influencing the development of its traditional branches, such as oil production industry, flour milling, meat, dairy, and others, as well as objective and subjective problems, overcome by the industry enterprises. The conclusions are drawn that in the pre-war period, the development of the food industry had reached a whole new level, which was manifested both in noticeable increase in the volume of output, and in the emergence of new industry branches, namely, food-canning, glass, as well as in the change of the industrial appearance of the fish and wine industries. The article emphasizes the role of some large enterprises, both reconstructed and novel, which actively participated in the fulfillment of the most important production goals of the first five-year plans, as well as strengthening regional economies and ensuring food security of the country.