Industrial Base Research Articles

Process of mercury accumulation in urban strip river artificial wetland ecosystems: a case study of Changchun, a typical industrial city in Northeast China.

Mercury (Hg), as a global pollutant, is persistent, migratory, insidious, highly biotoxic and highly enriched, and is widely distributed in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. Wetland ecosystems, as active mercury reservoirs, have become the most important sources and sinks of heavy metal mercury. Distinguished from natural wetlands, artificial wetlands located in urban sections of rivers face problems such as diverse urban pollution sources and complex spatial and temporal changes. Therefore, in this study, five intermittently distributed artificial wetlands were selected from the upstream to the downstream of the Changchun section of the Yitong River, a tributary of the Songhua River basin in the old industrial base of Northeast China. The mercury levels in the water bodies, sediments and plants of the artificial wetlands were collected and tested in four quarters from April 2023 to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of total mercury. The results showed that the mercury levels in the water bodies, sediments and plants of the five wetlands showed a fluctuating trend with the river flow direction and had certain spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. This phenomenon was attributed to the sinking of external mercury pollution sources. In general, the wetland ecosystems showed a decreasing trend in the total Hg output of the downstream watershed. This may be due to the retention of particulate matter by aquatic plants in artificial wetlands to regular salvage of dead aquatic plants. At the same time urbanization and industrialization affect mercury levels in aquatic environments, so the risk of residential exposure needs to be looked at.

THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT ON UKRAINE'S COMPETITIVENESS AFTER THE WAR

The purpose of the paper is to critically analyse and understand how foreign investment can affect and potentially improve Ukraine's competitiveness in the global market after the war. Methodology. This study aims to analyse the various aspects and dimensions of foreign investment, in particular direct investment flows, and their impact on key sectors of the economy in Ukraine in the post-war period. In addition, it attempts to assess the challenges and opportunities that foreign investment creates in the context of rebuilding and modernising Ukraine's infrastructure, enhancing its technological and innovation potential, and strengthening its labour force and industrial base. The survey results showed that foreign investment has had a significant positive impact on Ukraine's economic growth in the post-war period, especially in the restoration of key industries and infrastructure. FDI plays an important role in attracting advanced technologies and expertise to Ukraine, thereby increasing its competitiveness. The document emphasises the need for policy reforms to create a more favourable investment climate, including improved legal protection for investors, anti-corruption measures and increased efficiency of the bureaucracy. The results of the study point to the existing challenges in attracting foreign investment, such as political instability, infrastructure deficit and unclear investment legislation. Finally, the publication forecasts the long-term impact of foreign investment on economic stability and growth trajectory in Ukraine, which leads to cautiously optimistic conclusions. Practical implications. The research aims to provide insights and recommendations on how Ukraine can effectively use foreign investment to rebuild its economy, increase its global competitiveness and ensure long-term sustainable development in the post-war period. The SWOT analysis in this article helps to identify strategic areas for improvement and capitalisation. It can help them formulate policies to improve the investment climate by focusing on strengthening strengths, mitigating weaknesses, seizing opportunities and protecting against threats. Value/Originality. The value and originality of the paper lies in its comprehensive and detailed study of how foreign investment can be a key factor in reforming and reviving Ukraine's economy after the war. The paper specifically examines the post-war economic landscape of Ukraine, a topic that has not been widely studied. It provides a fresh perspective on the challenges and opportunities for a country recovering from war.

إدارة الموارد البشرية وتأثيرها في نجاح المشاريع في الشركة السعودية للصناعات الأساسية (سابك) في المملكة العربية السعودية

The focus of the study is to explain the role of human resources management in the success of projects in the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The descriptive analytical application was used using the questionnaire study tool for a direct sample of 100 employees in the most important results: There is a relationship that has proven successful in human resources management to achieve the success of projects in the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, There is a positive relationship in human resources management to achieving success in projects in the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, After managing human resources in discussions and meetings related to senior levels.

Impact of Russia Ukraine War on Taiwanese Economy

The economy of Taiwan is characterized by a strong industrial base and high-tech manufacturing capabilities. It heavily relies on international trade, with the United States, China, Japan, and the European Union being major trading partners. While the trade volumes with Russia and Ukraine in 2021 were relatively smaller, there were ongoing economic interactions and potential for further growth. Geopolitical considerations, particularly related to China's influence, can impact Taiwan's trade relationships with various countries. The Russia-Ukraine war has had a major impact on the Taiwanese economy. The war has disrupted trade, tourism, energy prices, and supply chains, all of which have had a negative impact on the country's economic growth. The future outlook for the Taiwanese economy is uncertain, but the government is taking steps to mitigate the impact of the war.

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

This study aims to determine the effect of total asset turn over, investment opportunity set, liquidity, and profitability on dividend policy using profitability as moderating variable. The research is based on documentation of the basic industry and chemicals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018 to 2020. The research finds that total asset turn over has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy, investment opportunity set has a negative and insignificant effect on dividend policy, liquidity has a negative and insignificant effect on dividend policy, profitability has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy, profitability is able to moderate the influence of total asset turn over on dividend policy while profitability is not able to moderate the influence of investment opportunity set and liquidity on dividend policy.

Investigation of the effects of beam oscillations in electron beam–welded S1100M TMCP steel

The development of thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP) high-strength steel (HSS) has significantly contributed to designing and developing the intricate structural components. It has broader applications in the cranes and lifting process industry (base frame, crane jibs, and crane columns), trailers, agricultural and forestry machinery, earth-moving equipment, etc. However, the development of new-grade steels with higher tensile strength led to higher requirements for welded joints, and the associated weldability issues have inspired detailed studies on electron beam welding (EBW) with different beam oscillations. Beam oscillation application with EBW processes improves the welding efficiency, weld quality, weld geometry, keyhole, etc., affecting the welded joints mechanical and microstructural properties. Thus, the present study investigates the impact and comparison of various beam oscillations on the microstructural and mechanical properties of EB-welded S1100M steel. The influence of welding parameters on the microstructure of welded joints was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The analysis focused on evaluation of grain sizes, morphologies, distributions, and crystallographic orientations of different phase constituents in fusion zone (FZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The mechanical properties were analyzed using hardness, tensile, and Charpy V-notch impact tests. The texture in the FZ is typically random, while the HAZ typically exhibits a strong rolling texture. In general, the cooling rate in EBW is very fast, possibly resulting in a fine-grained structure and reduced formation of coarse second-phase particles in the weld zone. The elliptical beam oscillation showed the highest hardness in HAZ 450 HV10. Elliptical beam oscillation slightly improves the welded joint’s tensile strength, and the impact test showed mixed fracture behavior.

Determinants of Kuwait long‐run and short‐run economic growth

AbstractThis paper examined the relationship between growth and its demand side determinants in Kuwait from 1970 to 2020. A set of autoregressive distributed lag models were applied to estimate the long‐ and short‐run relationships between economic growth and its determinants. The results suggest that exports, gross fixed capital formation (investment), imports and household spending exhibit a long‐run relationship with economic growth. While exports, gross fixed capital formation, share of government spending in GDP and household spending exhibit short‐run relationship with growth. Moreover, the results suggest that long‐ and short‐run economic growth in Kuwait is mainly driven by exports and to a lesser extent household spending. As Kuwaiti exports are dominated by oil exports and oil production is limited to the organisation of petroleum exporting countries quota this limits the policy makers from the most effective tool to stimulate growth. In this context Kuwait needs to enact policies to diversify exports, build a local industrial base, utilise imports to feed into non‐oil export sectors, direct investment spending to develop non‐oil industries and encourage FDI to facilitate innovation and technology transfers and spill overs to progress from a volatile oil‐based economy to a more diversified and sustainable growth path.

The impact of financing efficiency in defense industry base on non‐technological innovation: Evidence from China

AbstractThe innovation of defense industry base requires not only technological progress but also scientific organization and management and reasonable business model. Based on the data of A‐share listed companies related to defense industry base in China from 2013 to 2021, this paper employs panel‐probit model with instrumental variable to empirically test the relationship and influence mechanism of financing efficiency on non‐technological innovation. It is found that the financing efficiency of the defense industry base has a significantly positive effect on organizational innovation and market innovation, which is more prominent in state‐owned enterprises and military enterprises. The influence mechanism is mainly to improve information symmetry and reduce agency costs. Internally, the defense industry base should strengthen the management of financing and innovation activities; from the external point of view, the government needs to improve the construction of capital market, and financial institutions need to play the role of professional institutional investors and external supervisors, which is conducive to improving the non‐technical innovation ability of defense industry base.

Structural Equation Modeling of Relationships Among Lean Operational, Financial Performance, and Customer Satisfaction

Objectives: The challenges of implementing a lean business system can be solved by Structural Equation Modeling. In this research, the link between lean operational, financial performance, and customer satisfaction has been investigated in the Akaki Basic Metal Industry in Ethiopia. Methods: A lean operational performance that met the needs of the industry was identified by conducting a structural survey questionnaire to collect feedback data from experts. The model was developed including 28 variables from the experts in the industry. The collected responses were tested for reliability and validity using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, convergent, and discriminant validity. Findings: From the use of Analysis of Moments and Structures (AMOS-SEM), the results confirmed that C.R. > 1.96, p < 0.001, and p < 0.05 on quality and delivery. This shows a significant positive direct effect on customer satisfaction by 25.8% on quality, 24.9% on delivery, and 10.3% on cost. Novelty: Even though LM has become a fundamental aspect of industrial manufacturing processes, lack of understanding (knowledge) and practicing how to implement the positive impact on lean operational, financial performance, and customer satisfaction are still not sufficiently exploited particularly in developing countries. This research adds values to the practical use of the concept by examining the relationship among lean operational, financial performance, and customer satisfaction within basic metal manufacturing industry in Ethiopia. In addition to this, the findings have demonstrated improved organizational performance through structural equation modeling. It also helps leaders to focus more on training employees on quality issues and developing an awareness of quality achievement as a core value in the industry. Keywords: Confirmatory factor analysis, Exploratory factor analysis, Lean operational performance, Structural equation modeling, Customer satisfaction

The Path Innovation of Regional Economic Growth: Data Analysis Based on China

AbstractInnovative development to some extent overcomes the path-dependent characteristics of knowledge proximity, and the diversity and complexity of regional knowledge and technology foster regional economic growth. This study constructs a dynamic mechanism for maximizing the enterprise profit to explore the conditions enabling regions that can achieve knowledge accumulation and technological leapfrogging. Utilizing the fitness landscape methodology based on customs data from 30 provinces in China and employing genetic algorithms, we analyze two modes of enterprises with similar and different initial conditions under varying leapfrogging scenarios. By applying profit maximization rules within the fitness landscape of the product space, we examine how to promote regional industrial transformation and upgrade. The results indicate that a larger leap range in the production of products by enterprises, reflecting stronger innovative capabilities, significantly enhances the region’s ability for industrial transformation and upgrade. There is a strong positive relationship between the initial industrial foundation and regional economic development. When regions share a similar industrial base, the complexity of regional knowledge becomes more critical. Therefore, an increase in the foundational development of industries and technology-intensive products can enhance the potential for regional path innovation. Past research has primarily been based on the path dependence theory, emphasizing that the most crucial aspect for underdeveloped economies is the accumulation and development of foundational capabilities. However, our study contends that, for emerging economies, it is crucial to enhance the diversity and complexity of knowledge and technology. Particularly, it is essential to, based on a comprehensive understanding of their own strengths, open up new areas and new arenas in development, continually shaping new growth drivers and new strengths. This emerges as a significant factor in regional growth and leapfrog development.

Defense Industrial Base: Acquisition Program Case History

This Defense Industrial Base case history encourages critical analysis of a DoD project manager responding to typical management oversight questions regarding industrial base planning within defense acquisition. The analysis centers on the capability and capacity of the defense industrial base to develop and produce body armor for Warfighters. The case incorporates the perspectives from key stakeholders to include commercial industry companies, congressional committees, DoD senior leadership, and the program management/acquisition chain of command. Considerations include the balancing of limited resources against competing priorities, sustaining inventory for wartime readiness, managing the demand for increased capability, and balancing surge requirements with industry capacity. The case history reinforces critical thinking in uncertain environments, documents lessons learned for sound project management, and provides exposure to the complexities of public sector acquisition and manufacture of critical warfighting products.

Competition for Safety: The National Civilized City Campaign and Enterprise Production Safety in China

Awards and competitions are representative policy instruments of the central government to promote urban governance. Compared with command-and-control tools, awards and competitions can encourage regulators and regulated parties to actively participate in governance. Using the panel data of 286 Chinese cities during 2005 to 2017 and regarding the National Civilized City (NCC) campaign as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ the difference-in-difference (DID) method to analyze the impact of the NCC campaign on enterprise production safety and its spillover effect. Our findings indicate that the NCC campaign significantly reduces enterprise production safety accidents and deaths in cities with the title of the NCC. However, this campaign appears to engender an unintended consequence: an increase in such incidents in the neighboring cities surrounding the NCCs. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that in non-old industrial base, low corruption and low economic growth target cities, the promotion effect of the NCC campaign on enterprise production safety is more significant. The increase in production safety input and the reinforcement of corporate social responsibility are the main influencing mechanisms. This paper can contribute to decision-makers thinking about how to improve enterprise production safety through awards and competitions under the governance structure with Chinese characteristics.

从师范出发: 论普通高中多语种教师培养的必要性

Foreign language education in ordinary high schools is an important part of China’s foreign language education ecosystem and also the cornerstone of higher foreign language education in China. Since the new century, foreign language education in high schools in China has gradually become more diversified. In addition, with the increasing scale of Chinese middle school students studying abroad, it has led to significant development in multilingual education such as Japanese, Russian, French, German, Spanish, and Korean during the high school stage. As a result, the demand for multilingual teacher teams in high school is also increasing year by year, but at present, the construction of multilingual teacher education systems in China's normal universities cannot keep up with the call of the basic education industry in the future. This article believes that in cultivating multilingual teaching talents for secondary schools, normal universities should fully leverage the exemplary role of teacher training and strive to provide more excellent multilingual teaching talents for basic education.

Туристік бизнесті дамытудағы ақпараттық жүйелер, интернет-платформалардың алатын орны

Digitalization of all sectors, especially economic sectors, in the country makes it possible to take leading positions on the world stage, as well as improve the quality of life of citizens and create favorable conditions for the development of entrepreneurship. A dynamically developing tourism business with large incomes in the economic sphere is also engaged in digitalization. The mass introduction of digital technologies will give impetus to the development of traditional basic industries by improving the quality of services, increasing their competitiveness, including on the international market. Thus, as a result of digitalization, the provision of top-level services in the tourism sector will be ensured, which, in turn, will lead to a positive formation of the country's tourist image and capital growth. Digitalization of the tourism business optimizes the problem, although it does not solve all the problems. For example, in the field of tourism, if information is provided without correct statistical calculations, then state support measures will also not be directly adjusted. And with the help of digitization, many adjustments and deviations in information can be avoided.

Pengaruh Rasio Aktivitas, Profitabilitas, Struktur Modal, Komite Audit, Dan Ukuran Perusahan Terhadap Pengungkapan Sustainability Report

Finding out how factors like activity ratio, profitability, capital structure, audit committee, and business size affect disclosure in sustainability reports is the main goal of this research. The research relied on quantitative data, namely those extracted from the annual report and sustainability report for disclosure purposes. The secondary data included in this study originated from the official corporate website, which can be found at www.idx.co.id. The sample for the research consisted of 128 manufacturing businesses that were listed on the IDX in the basic and chemical industries between 2020 and 2022. The sampling approach yielded a sample of fourteen companies by means of purposive sampling. The study's methodology makes use of causality design, multiple linear regression analysis, and the application capabilities of SPSS 29. The findings demonstrated that the basic and chemical industrial sectors' sustainability reports were simultaneously impacted by the activity ratio, profitability, capital structure, audit committee, and business size. The sustainability report is not significantly impacted by the activity ratio, profitability, or capital structure. The sustainability report is impacted by the audit committee. Sustainability reports are not impacted by a company's size.

The Effect of Financial Ratios on Stock Prices

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the impact of fundamental factors on stock prices. The factors identified in this study include the current ratio, return on assets, debt to equity ratio, earning per share, and price earnings ratio. The study was conducted on 20 manufacturing companies in the basic industry and chemical sector listed on the Indonesia stock exchange during 2019-2021. The purposive sampling method was used to select the sample. The multiple regression model was employed as a statistical testing tool. The study found that return on assets and earning per share have a significant and positive impact on stock prices, consistent with the hypothesis. However, the current ratio, debt Equity ratio, and price earnings ratio do not significantly impact stock prices.

Оценка промышленной газоносности Ямальской и Гыданской нефтегазоносной области

In accordance with the strategic planning documents of the Russian gas industry, the development of the Yamal and Gydan oil and gas bearing regions is one of the priority tasks, as they are associated with the formation of a strategic reserve of gas resources and the creation of new gas production centers. The article analyses the spatial distribution of natural gas reserves in the oil and gas bearing areas of the Arctic region and concludes that the distribution of free gas resources is uneven both by section and by area. Some oil and gas bearing areas are characterized by a weak degree of geological and geophysical study. Depletion of the base fields in the Pur-Taz and Nadym-Pur oil and gas bearing areas raises the question of shifting the raw material base of the gas industry to the hard-to-reach areas of Yamal and Gydan, including the waters of the Kara Sea, the Ob, Taz and Gydan Bays. The paper provides a quantitative assessment of the level of commercial gas content of the Yamal and Gydan oil and gas bearing areas, including in the context of oil and gas bearing regions. It was determined that based on the technology of field development, processing and transportation scheme when assessing the prospects of development and options for monetization of gas resources, a zone of pipeline transport and a zone of liquefied natural gas are distinguished. Taking into account the current economic conjuncture of Arctic natural gas reserves development, it is reasonable and promising at this point in time to expand the resource base by developing satellite fields in Yamal and Gydan oil and gas bearing regions, which already have developed production, processing, transport and social infrastructure, as well as through additional exploration of discovered and developed fields and deposits.

Политика Республики Корея в полярных регионах в 2023–2033 гг.

This article reviews the current state of the Arctic policy of the Republic of Korea, which, like other states, has increased interest in the Arctic region in recent years, as well as its plan of activities in the Arctic and Antarctic for the coming years. The Republic of Korea needs to gradually develop an Arctic strategy at the government level to promote national interests in the Arctic region. The scientific significance of the article is related to the translation into Russian and analysis of the “Polar Activities Promotion Act for 20232027”, published in February 2023 by the Korean Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promo-tion. The article discusses the content and timing of the country’s 3 main polar policies: research and dis-covery, climate change forecasting, and polar development. In addition, 5 main strategies for promoting the Republic of Korea in the polar region are discussed, including: expanding the area of research of the territory, developing plans to solve environmental and climate problems, creating a polar industrial base, creating a network of cooperation with foreign countries and between industrial and scientific organiza-tions within the country, developing an interstate dialogue on polar activities.

The Importance of the Development of Industry in Romania and Its Development Potential

The first part of the study details the importance of industry in the economy in general, but it is worth nothing without continuous technological development. This is supported by classical and unquestionable theories, followed by statistical data and macroeconomic indicators to demonstrate their practical relevance. The realistic data will clearly show that countries with a strong industrial base and a strong focus on development in their economic structure will have a steady advantage over other countries on the international stage. The structure of the industry in Romania, its main areas, and the industrial characteristics of the regions will then be presented, as well as the economic differences between industrialised and less industrialised areas. The study shows that industry and R&D are the basis for economic growth and development, as they are also the basis for services. Romania is in a very special situation, as it has all the potential and resources to build and develop the industry, but the mentality of the past system still leaves its mark on how to exploit its potential. Of course, industry and its development require a considerable amount of capital, knowledge, and know-how. For this, European Union funds offer considerable opportunities, and the operational programmes that provide this type of support, both to the private sector and to public institutions, are presented in detail. At the end of the study, it will be clear what industry and R&D mean for economic growth, what the situation and characteristics of the Romanian industry are, and what financial resources are available for the implementation and development of industrial activities.

Unraveling the binding mechanism between soybean protein isolate and selected bioactive compounds

The present study was aimed to investigate the interactions between soybean protein isolate (SPI) with resveratrol (RESV) and lutein (LUT). The binding forces, molecular interactions and functional properties were explored by multi-spectroscopic analysis, molecular docking and functional property indexes between SPI and RESV/LUT. The RESV/LUT quenched SPI chromophore residues with static mechanism and the endothermic reaction. The SPI- RESV/LUT complexes were formed through hydrogen bond, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Molecular docking confirmed van-der-Waals force as one of the important forces. The interaction of RESV/LUT led to SPI's secondary structure alterations with a decrease in α-helix and random coil and an increase in β-sheet and β-turns. RESV/LUT developed foaming and emulsifying properties of SPI and showed a significant decrease of the surface hydrophobicity with RESV/LUT concentrations increase attributed to SPI's partial unfolding. Our study exposed molecular mechanisms and confirmations to understand the interactions in protein- RESV/LUT complexes for protein industrial base promotion.