South Industry Research Articles

Measure of venture performance of hotel industry in south- south region of Nigeria

This research work sets out to interogate the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and venture performance of hotel establishments in the South-South of Nigeria while also examining the effect of the dimensions of entrepreneurial competencies within the hotel industry in same region. These competences include opportunity identification, innovativeness, and proactiveness on the measures of venture performance. The study used Organizational culture as moderating variable, while adopting a correlational research design. The population of the study comprised of registered hotels in the South-South geographical zone, which is a total number 1,063. The sample size for the study is 290 hotels and the instrument for data collection was a questionnaire which reliability was determined with Cronbach Alpha test, generating a score of .979. The univariate analysis was undertaken using the descriptive statistical tools of frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, charts and tables among others. The bivariate and multivariate analyses employed the Spearman Rank Order Correctional Coefficient. The study revealed strong significant relationships existing between opportunity identification and measures of venture performance, innovation and measures of venture performance, and proactiveness and measures of venture performance. Organizational culture significantly moderated the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and venture performance. The study concluds that entrepreneurial competencies are strongly related to venture performance and recommends that management of hotels should acquire entrepreneurial competencies and skills in order to ensure high performance of the hotels they manage.

Franchising Arrangements and Marketing Performance of Textile Industries in South – East Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between franchising arrangements and marketing performance of textile distributors in South-East, Nigeria. The study was anchored on Transaction Cost Theory (TCT) and Resource Scarcity Theory (RST). Convenient sampling was employed in order to reach the study objectives. The analysis revealed positive and significant relationship between the two variables that was investigated. The findings revealed that franchising arrangement is a factor that motivates entrepreneurs to remain in franchising chain. Franchising has a strong relationship with customers’ satisfaction and market share, and protects entrepreneurs against competitor. Conclusively, Franchising Arrangements have positive and significant relationship with marketing performance. It was recommended that textile distributors in South-East Nigeria should fully adopt the practice of franchising arrangements in order to boost their business activities.

The effect of noise exposure on mental workload, noise sensitivity and general and mental health of overhead crane operators in one of the Steel Industries in south of Iran

Introduction: Overhead cranes play a vital role in guiding steel industries and maintaining their normal condition. These machines are operated by humans and pose a great risk of accidents that may occur due to mistakes made by operators. According to the mentioned contents, the non-negligible effects of noise on the physical and mental health of people in the work environment, the complexity and sensitivity of overhead crane operators, as well as the serious injuries caused by the error of this task, this study aimed at the effect of exposure to noise on mental workload, noise sensitivity and general and mental health of overhead crane operators in one of the steel industries in southern Iran.
 Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the worker's exposure to the sound level was carefully evaluated. In this way, the sound pressure leveling was done during the operator's duty and in the crane cabin according to the recommendation of ISO 9612. In the second phase of the research, after determining the level of exposure of overhead crane operators to noise, noise sensitivity questionnaires, mental assessment of exposure to noise conditions, and general health questionnaires were distributed and subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS version 22 software. Using a one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, the relationship between different factors was investigated. In this study, a significance level of 5% was considered.
 Results: The average equivalent level of exposure of overhead crane operators for 8 hours is 76.4 dB and the maximum and minimum equivalent levels of 8-hour exposure, respectively; 84 and 68.2 dB were obtained. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of gender, marital status, and working hours with noise sensitivity and the variables of gender, education, a mental crisis in the last month and second job with mental load, and the variable of mental crisis in the last month with general health (P<0.05). Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between noise sensitivity, mental load, and general health with sound. The results showed, there is no significant relationship between noise sensitivity, mental load, and general health with sound (P> 0.05). There is a negative or inverse relationship between noise sensitivity and general sound health. This means that with the increase in volume, sensitivity to sound and general health will decrease and vice versa.
 Conclusion: The results of this research can provide the necessary platform to improve the working conditions of overhead crane operators to prevent the occurrence of inconveniences and problems of inaudible noise in values ​​less than 85 dB.

Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South: A Reevaluation by Michael S. Frawley

Reviewed by: Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South: A Reevaluation by Michael S. Frawley Robert A. Taylor Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South: A Reevaluation. Michael S. Frawley. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2019. ISBN 978-1-7068-7. 256 pp., hardcover, $45.00. After 1865, many observers and soon historians considered the question of why the South failed to win its independence during the Civil War. One plausible reason was the region's lack of industry as compared to that of the states remaining in the Union. While near miracles of production spurred Confederate creation of the sinews of war on the home front, in the end they proved too little to fend off final defeat. The Cotton Kingdom, built on land and slave labor, simply could not provide for the wartime Confederacy. Numerous studies based on the 1860 US Census returns seemed to buttress this argument. Now Michael S. Frawley's Industrial Development and Manufacturing in the Antebellum Gulf South fires a [End Page 240] new salvo in the debate by suggesting that census data failed to fully document all Southern manufacturing activities. Frawley defines the Gulf South as the states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas (inexplicitly omitting Louisiana and Florida from consideration). His data collection goes beyond the 1860 Census to include R. G. Dunn Company credit reports as well as newspapers and local histories. Using Geographic Information System software, the author discerns types and concentrations of industrial activity heretofore unexamined. Included are analyses of the three state's transportation systems, available labor and capital, and resources and raw materials. He ultimately concludes that the census undercounted almost 20 percent of industrial/manufacturing companies in Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas, or didn't count them at all. Frawley contends that "the Gulf South was not as agrarian as its residents believed and historians have argued. The people and industries of these states were also not as dependent on imported goods as southerners feared" (128). This thesis boldly challenges the bulk of Southern historians' views on the nature of the region's prewar economic life and potential, from U. B. Phillips to modern scholars like Fred Bateman and Thomas J. Weiss. In the end, however, is a 20 percent increase in the Southern industrial base in the three states studied truly significant? Ultimately, the Confederate States of America was composed of eleven former Southern states. Is it surprising that landless Southern whites might be tempted to take wage-paying jobs in factories or workshops? A number of manufacturing operations had already answered the question of whether slaves might become industrial workers across the South, despite the possible dangers of a less-controlled slave work force in towns and cities. Frawley also address the question of whether Southern investors placed money in industry or manufacturing before 1860. He proposes that a line of strong capital investment ran though both Mississippi and Alabama in areas with major cotton growth and large numbers of agricultural slaves. In his view, planters were a significant source of investment capital for new enterprises, supporting the work of other scholars like William Scarborough in his Masters of the Big House: Elite Slaveholders of the Mid-Nineteenth Century South (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2003). Railroads were particularly appealing, as they efficiently moved the yearly cotton crop to market. But during the late 1850s, with the golden age of the Cotton Kingdom and its soaring production and profits, planters must have struggled to consider diversifying beyond cotton production. In the end much of the South's industry, as well as the institution of slavery, faced destruction with the coming of the Union armies during the Civil War. Frawley's is a solid and innovative work of cliometric research, which proves that historical scholarship continues to benefit from the computer age. While a [End Page 241] daunting challenge, an expansion of the scope of this methodology to cover a larger part of the Old South would be a major tool for future students of the region. A minor quibble is that the index does not cover all that is mentioned in the text of the book. For example Florida is...

A Comparative Study on Policies on Television Drama Industry inSouth Korea and China: Market-centered vs. State-centered Policy

A Comparative Study on Policies on Television Drama Industry inSouth Korea and China: Market-centered vs. State-centered Policy

An overview of groundwater quality in Tamil nadu

Ground water is considered to be very clean and safe in past days but in recent decades rapid industrialization causes severe environmental problems in most of the countries, due to the discharge of effluents into groundwater by industries like textile, dyeing, leather, tannery, pulp and paper processing industries etc., The effluent discharged by these industries leads to serious pollution which altered the geochemical parameters of surface water and ground water. Since the quality of public health depends to a greater extent on the quality of drinking water. Safe drinking water is primary need of every human being. Pollution of groundwater has been growing increasingly in several parts of India, particularly in areas of industrial development. Over burden of population pressure, unplanned urbanization, over exploitation of groundwater resources, dumping of polluted water at inappropriate place enhance the infiltration of harmful compounds to the groundwater. With the increasing demand for groundwater resources caused by an acute shortage of surface water, there is a noteworthy depletion of groundwater levels and quality due to geogenic as well as anthropogenic activities. The tanning industry is one of the oldest and fastest growing industries in south and south-east Asia. The states of Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh together have 88% of the tannery units of the country. About 55% of total leather processed in the county is from Tamil Nadu and tannery units mainly spreads over Ranipet, Ambur, Vaniyambadi, Pernambut of Vellore district, Pallavaram and Chrompet in Chennai, Dindigul, parts of Erode district and Sembattu in Trichy district (CLRI, 1990). Water, due to its great solvent power, is constantly threatened to get polluted easily.

Southern Water, Southern Power: How the Politics of Cheap Energy and Water Scarcity Shaped a Region by Christopher J. Manganiello

Reviewed by: Southern Water, Southern Power: How the Politics of Cheap Energy and Water Scarcity Shaped a Region by Christopher J. Manganiello Matthew L. Downs Southern Water, Southern Power: How the Politics of Cheap Energy and Water Scarcity Shaped a Region. By Christopher J. Manganiello. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015. Pp. [xiv], 306. $39.95, ISBN 978-1-4696-2005-3.) In Southern Water, Southern Power: How the Politics of Cheap Energy and Water Scarcity Shaped a Region, Christopher J. Manganiello adds to the growing historiography of the southern environment with an intriguing study of the relationship between regional water resources and the power brokers who sought to control and conserve them. Focusing on the twentieth-century manipulation of the Savannah River, Manganiello argues that conflicts over water have shaped (and continue to shape) the landscapes of the Southeast. His work provides important insights into the nature of political and economic power, the relationship between southerners and the federal government, and the transformation of southern society after World War II. The Savannah River, which is located along the border between Georgia and South Carolina, has been dammed and diverted since before the Civil War. Yet, as Manganiello observes, the development of New South industries in the surrounding area brought new interest in the river from power companies, who used hydroelectricity to power existing factories and attract new ones. The federal government also played a key role in manipulating water resources, exemplified elsewhere in the region by the work of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). Embracing the “big dam consensus,” a belief that large-scale hydroelectric projects could control flooding, improve navigation, and provide affordable electricity, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers planned a series of dams along the Savannah, although without the extensive regional planning that marked the TVA’s mission (p. 14). Support for big dams survived World War II and the growing southern reaction against federal intervention, but it failed in the face of uncertain resource availability. Power companies increasingly switched to coal (continuing to use the river for steam) and balked at governmental encroachment. Residents questioned the continued need for big, expensive dams as smaller, less intrusive solutions became feasible. By the late 1960s and 1970s, efforts to control the Savannah also ran into conservationist opposition, both from environmentalists and the “countryside conservationists,” who resented the pollution and diversion that made it difficult for residents to fish and boat on the waterway (p. 142). Manganiello pays special attention to the efforts to preserve the Chattooga River, a tributary of the Savannah that was protected under the Wild [End Page 721] and Scenic Rivers Act (1974), though he notes that the popular crusade ran into opposition as residents opposed federal control of a valuable local resource. Manganiello provides insights into heated debates over the diversification of the southern economy, the impact and implications of the New Deal and its approach to conservation, and the shape of economic development in the Sun Belt era. The author is less successful in tying debates over water control to the larger social conflicts over labor and race that shaped the region. He does suggest that such issues were important in the power struggles along the Savannah, and he notes where questions of land usage and recreation highlighted segregation and a lack of equal access. Perhaps a more direct discussion of consumption would better explain how questions of race, class, and labor contributed to the debate over water resources in a contested landscape. Nevertheless, Manganiello’s book will draw much-needed attention to the history of the southern environment, particularly to the way that southerners have sought to control that environment in the face of uncertainty and insecurity. Southern Water, Southern Power should encourage future scholars to pay greater attention to the ways that natural resources, and efforts to control and consume those resources, have shaped the modern South. Matthew L. Downs University of Mobile Copyright © 2016 The Southern Historical Association

Job strain (demands and control model) as a predictor of cardiovascular risk factors among petrochemical personnel

Background:One of the practical models for the assessment of stressful working conditions due to job strain is job demand and control model, which explains how physical and psychological adverse consequences, including cardiovascular risk factors can be established due to high work demands (the amount of workload, in addition to time limitations to complete that work) and low control of the worker on his/her work (lack of decision making) in the workplace. The aim of this study was to investigate how certain cardiovascular risk factors (including body mass index [BMI], heart rate, blood pressure, cholesterol and smoking) and the job demand and job control are related to each other.Materials and Methods:This prospective cohort study was conducted on 500 workers of the petrochemical industry in south of Iran, 2009. The study population was selected using simple random statistical method. They completed job demand and control questionnaire. The cardiovascular risk factors data was extracted from the workers hygiene profiles. Chi-square (χ2) test and hypothesis test (η) were used to assess the possible relationship between different quantified variables, individual demographic and cardiovascular risk factors.Results:The results of this study revealed that a significant relationship can be found between job demand control model and cardiovascular risk factors. Chi-square test result for the heart rate showed the highest (χ2 = 145.078) relationship, the corresponding results for smoking and BMI were χ2 = 85.652 and χ2 = 30.941, respectively. Subsequently, hypothesis testing results for cholesterol and hypertension was 0.469 and 0.684, respectively.Discussion:Job strain is likely to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular risk factors among male staff in a petrochemical company in Iran. The parameters illustrated in the Job demands and control model can act as acceptable predictors for the probability of job stress occurrence followed by showing a high trend of CVD risk factors.

Harvests' lifespan and North–South market share rivalry

We consider a North–South duopolistic competition in the market of a perishable good. North's harvest can be sold over two periods whereas South's harvest can be sold in the first period only, because of the lack of storage technology. We examine the impact of the availability of a storage technology in South that would allow it to sell its harvest over two periods. We identify situations in which both North and South see their profits decrease and situations in which both North and South enjoy larger profits when the lifespan of South's harvest increases. Our findings can be useful to assess the support for policy interventions that aim at transferring better technologies to South. There are cases where North and South's industries will both push for (or both resist) the transfer of a technology to South that will lengthen the lifespan of its product.

LOCUS OF CONTROL, INNOVATION, PERFORMANCE OF THE BUSINESS PEOPLE IN THE SMALL BUSINESS AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES IN SOUTH SULAWESI

Locus of control has been seen as an important factor in boosting the business performance.Beside, it can also be used as the trigger to enhance the business survival. However, so far,there has no any study especially analyzing this factor in a specific situation such as in Smalland Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The research aims tries to analyze the influence of Locus ofControl, innovation ability on the performance of small medium industry in south Sulawesi.Practically, this research was conducted using survey with purposive sampling on industrialSmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in South Sulawesi, then conducting a clustering onfour regions in northern, southern, eastern, and western areas which were centralized inMakassar municipality. The data were collected by interview and questionnaire to 200 industrialSME owners. Technical analysis data run by use of Structural Equation Model (SEM).The result in, points out that by reinforcing potential Locus of Control can stimulate the increasingof Innovation, and increases the performance of SMEs industry. The reinforcementof Locus of Control can be conducted by increasing memory ability, innovation ability, andPerformance, in terms of employee productivity, ability, and skill.

Essai de construction d’un score d’attractivité sectorielle des investissements directs étrangers

Cet article a pour objectif la construction d’un score d’attractivité sectorielle des IDE. Il est illustré par le cas des industries agroalimentaires dans les PSEM. La multiplication des scores et indicateurs d’attractivité réduit la visibilité/crédibilité de certaines politiques publiques. Le secteur des IAA et le produit alimentaire présentent certaines spécificités en termes de stratégies d’entreprises et de types d’IDE. En combinant des scores « généralistes » d’attractivité avec certains agrégats spécifiques aux industries agroalimentaires, nous avons construit un score synthétique d’attractivité sectorielle des IDE. Cependant, les scores sectoriels obtenus présentent de fortes similitudes avec les scores d’attractivité globale et ne traduisent que faiblement les spécificités des IAA. Parce que cette tentative de construction de score sectoriel comporte de nombreuses limites tant sur le plan des données utilisées que celui du mode de calcul, ses résultats ne doivent pas remettre en cause la nécessité de prise en compte des spécificités sectorielles.

Creating the land of the sky: tourism and society in western North Carolina

This is a sophisticated inquiry into tourism's social and economic power across the South. In the early 19th century, planter families from South Carolina, Georgia, and eastern North Carolina left their low-country estates during the summer to relocate their households to vacation homes in the mountains of western North Carolina. Those unable to afford the expense of a second home relaxed at the hotels that emerged to meet their needs. This early tourist activity set the stage for tourism to become the region's New South industry. After 1865, the development of railroads and the burgeoning consumer culture led to the expansion of tourism across the whole region. Richard Starnes argues that western North Carolina benefited from the romanticized image of Appalachia in the post-Civil War American consciousness. This image transformed the southern highlands into an exotic travel destination, a place where both climate and culture offered visitors a myriad of diversions. This depiction was further bolstered by partnerships between state and federal agencies, local boosters, and outside developers to create the attractions necessary to lure tourists to the region. As tourism grew, so did the tension between leaders in the industry and local residents. The commodification of regional culture, low wage-tourism jobs, inflated land prices, and negative personal experiences bred no small degree of animosity among mountain residents toward visitors. Starnes's study provides a better understanding of the significant role that tourism played in shaping communities across the South.

Sentinels for New South Industry: Booker T. Washington, Industrial Accommodation and Black Workers in the Jim Crow South

In 1912, “race war” broke out in Cuba. The island's hard-won independence, formally attained in 1902, had failed to deliver the “nation for all” that nationalist visionary Jose Marti and his largely black and mulatto following had aspired to. Instead white Cuban elites attempted to emulate the standards of “civilization” laid down by their North American counterparts, laying the foundations for a society in which blacks and mulattoes remained second-class citizens. Afro-Cuban war veterans, outraged at the government's failure to reward their sacrifices over many years, organized the Partido Independiente de Color, demanded their “rightful share” to the fruits of independence, and in 1912 led an armed revolt that was brutally suppressed by the US-backed government, at a cost of more than 3000 lives.

Oikos/Anthropos: Rationality, Technology, Infrastructure

<i>Oikos/Anthropos</i>: Rationality, Technology, Infrastructure

Carpet Capital: The Rise of a New South Industry

After World War II, the carpet industry came to be identified with the Dalton region of northwest Georgia. Here, entrepreneurs hit upon a new technology called tufting, which enabled them to take control of this important segment of America's textile industry, previously dominated by woven-wool carpet manufacturers in the Northeast. Dalton now dominates carpet production in the United States, manufacturing 70 percent of the domestic product, and prides itself as the carpet capital of the world. Carpet Capital is a story of revolutionary changes that transformed both an industry and a region. Its balanced and candid account details the rise of a homegrown southern industry and entrepreneurial capitalism at a time when other southern state and local governments sought to attract capital and technology from outside the region. The book summarizes the development of the American carpet industry from the early nineteenth century through the 1930s. In describing the tufted carpet boom, it focuses on Barwick Mills, Galaxy Mills, and Shaw Industries as representative of various phases in the industry's history. It tells how owners coordinated efforts to keep carpet mills unorganized, despite efforts of the Textile Workers Union of America, by promoting a vision of the future based on individual ambition rather than collective security. Randall L. Patton and David B. Parker show that Dalton has evolved in much the same way as California's Silicon Valley, experiencing both a rapid expansion of new firms started by entrepreneurs who had apprenticed in older firms and an air of cooperation both among owners and between mills and local government. Their close examination of this industryprovides important insights for scholars and business leaders alike, enhancing our appreciation of entrepreneurial achievement and broadening our understanding of economic growth in the modern South.

Are today's winning institutions tomorrow's losers?

Extracted from text ... Number 49 - Part 4 JduP Smith and AJ van der Merwe Are today's winning institutions tomorrow's losers?* 1. Introduction The efficient market hypothesis implies that past performance is no guide to future performance. Nevertheless there is a whole industry in South Africa devoted to tracking, reporting and ranking the past performance of unit trusts and pension funds. This seems to imply that there is a belief that not only does active management outperform passive management, but also the belief that persistence exists; the best performing funds and fund managers in the past are likely to be the best performing ..

Late Industrialization and Women's Work in Urban South Korea: An Ethnographic Study of Upper–Middle–Class Families

LATE INDUSTRIALIZATION IN SOUTH KOREA has affected gender relationships and class relationships, both of which can be observed in urban families. This article focuses on the nature of women's work and family structure in upper‐ middle‐class families, which most urban studies of developing countries have ignored. It contrasts existing models of female labor‐force participation with the voices of upper‐middle‐class housewives who engage in various labor activities to enhance the social status of the family. The article argues that the "economic miracle" of South Korea is closely related to the patriarchal family ideology of upper–middle–class families, and that families function as "shock absorbers" in the rapid advance of late‐industrial capitalism. Not only men's productive work, but also women's reproductive work, is highly valued, by the state and by the society in general, for its contribution to rapid economic development. Late industrialization is a complex process that provides both liberating and oppressive contexts for gender practices and creates contradictory interpretations of gender roles. [South Korea, late industrialization, gender, class, urban families]

Some Notes on Village Industrialization in South and East Asia

Some Notes on Village Industrialization in South and East Asia

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA

South African Journal of EconomicsVolume 20, Issue 2 p. 101-112 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA F. MEYER, F. MEYER . The author wishes to express his appreciation to Mr. H. R. Fraser, one of Iscor's officers, who assisted with this paper.Search for more papers by this author F. MEYER, F. MEYER . The author wishes to express his appreciation to Mr. H. R. Fraser, one of Iscor's officers, who assisted with this paper.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1952 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1952.tb01551.xCitations: 2 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume20, Issue2June 1952Pages 101-112 RelatedInformation