Implementation Of Industrialised Building System Research Articles

Challenges in the Implementation of Industrialised Building System (IBS) in Klang Valley

Industrialised building system (IBS) in Malaysia has been expanding extensively where the proportion of IBS implementation in government projects was 84% in 2021, compared to 60% in private projects. It was reported that many top developers are currently successfully adopting IBS in their projects with good outcomes. The advantage of IBS implementation in construction projects is mainly the shorter time for project completion which potentially increase efficiency in housing provision. This paper focuses on developers’ perception on the challenges in IBS implementation in the aspect of management. The objectives of this research are to identify the problems perceived by developers in Klang Valley when implementing IBS projects and to give general recommendations to overcome these problems. Quantitative approach was used and structured questionnaires were distributed to 50 developers in Klang Valley. The research indicated that the most prominent problems agreed by developers is in the category of supervision of site workers and also the aspect of logistic that is site monitoring The least problem perceived are in the design and IBS negative image category. Findings from this research is anticipated to give developers some insights on the implementation of IBS towards a more successful IBS project implementation.

Indicative Level on The Determinants of Tangible and Intangible Cost Elements in Industrialised Building System (IBS) Projects

Construction industry contributes to the economic growth output in Malaysia by an improvement in wider economic activity, variety tools and technologies. One of the prominent tools or systems includes the adoption of Industrialised Building System (IBS) for construction. Industrialised Building System (IBS) is defined as a construction made of components manufactured either on or off site, then positioned and assembled into the structures. In Malaysia, IBS is not a new initiative. The government has launched many initiatives to encourage the practitioners towards IBS implementation, however the rate on the IBS usage is still low. The construction stakeholders are concern on the cost factors as the main issue of its low adoption. It is often neglected that IBS constitutes intangible cost or non-monetary benefits of its adoption, thus, the purchase or initial cost cannot be overemphasized. Hence, this paper aims to identify the tangible and intangible cost elements and analyse the indicative level of its importance toward the IBS construction. Questionnaire survey is used as the research approach where the survey involved 73 nos. of IBS contractors registered in the Perak, Malaysia as the research scope. The data is analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 22. The results revealed that the most significant component of IBS tangible cost is material cost, followed by Transportation Cost, Plant and Machineries Cost, Profit and Overhead, Labour Cost, Verification Cost, Maintenance Cost, Demolition Cost, Functional and Testing Cost, and Energy and Operational Cost. While the most important intangible cost elements is Wastage, followed by Time, Durability and Efficiency, Quality of Components, Sustainable, Levy exemptions, Tax Incentives, and Design. The study recommends that introducing a cost-effective capital would be able to boost the involvement of IBS contractors in the usage of IBS construction.

The Framework of Factors for the Improvement of the Significant Clauses in the Standard Form of Contract for the IBS Construction Approach in Malaysia

The Industrialised Building System (IBS) was introduced over 10 years ago in Malaysia, with well-documented benefits and strong support from the government. Apparently, the adoption and implementation of IBS is still low and below the government target. When adopting IBS, construction players mostly face different issues and challenges, particularly on contractual aspects, which contribute to the low adoption of IBS in Malaysia. There is also a lack of provision in the significant clauses of the Malaysian standard contract form to fit the development of IBS to date. The aim of this paper is thus to establish a system of factors underpinned by Deming's Theory for the improvement of the significant clauses in the standard contract form for IBS construction in Malaysia. A multi-method approach was used to achieve its aim, including an extensive literature review, findings from the previous study via document analysis, preliminary survey, questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. The research revealed that there are five significant clauses with important factors that can be improved in the existing Malaysian standard form of contract in relation to the IBS construction. The research also developed a framework that would be able to assist the policy and decision-makers in understanding what the improvement factors that need to be considered in the significant clauses in the standard form of contract in relation to the IBS construction. The research output (the framework) was validated by the prominent industry players on the practicality, suitability to its purposes for the related stakeholders. The developed framework would be able to accelerate the adoption of IBS construction in parallel with the initiatives (P3) in the Construction Industry Transformation Programme (CITP).

Economic effects of migrant labor on industrialized building system (IBS) adoption in the Malaysian construction industry

ABSTRACT The Malaysian government has been encouraging industrialized building system (IBS) adoption as a modern method of construction to improve the precision of material and workmanship. However, the migration of foreign labor to Malaysia from its neighboring countries that offer comparatively lower income has affected IBS adoption in construction projects. In this study, economic perspectives were explored in conjunction with migrant labor, as this is vital to evaluate their influences on IBS adoption. Interview surveys were conducted to gather inputs on the real scenario of IBS implementation in the Malaysian construction industry, with the utilization of a qualitative narrative analysis technique. QSR NVivo Version 12.0 software was used to aid the organization and analysis of the data from the taped and transcribed interviews. Qualitative results show that the most significant economic factor related to migrant labor that influenced IBS adoption is labor cost, followed by project price, labor availability and project competition. These factors can be considered in the development of manpower guidelines which then can be used to assist the construction stakeholders in the decision-making of IBS adoption in construction projects.

High potential of affordable housing supply by using industrialised building system in Selangor

The implementation of an industrialized building system (IBS) by housing developers has been a subject of argument in terms of reducing the overall costs of the housing projects which aim to sustain the supply of affordable houses to the people. To date, no real-world study has been conducted into real business cases. Thus, this case study has been carried out to verify the utilization of IBS in reducing the construction cost of housing projects. Three case studies based on interviews were reviewed and analyzed using the content analysis approach. The findings showed that there were significant differences between utilizing the IBS approach compared to the conventional method. However, the factors of volumes, IBS supplier radius, land acquisition, design, type of residential units and construction company capacity are the main concerns which have been emphasized in applying the IBS method for affordable housing supply by the developers and manufacturers. The most interesting outcome was the fast completion of the construction projects which resulted in speeding up the claiming process. Thus, the implementation of IBS will enhance the developers’ cash flow. This study concludes that the high potential of utilizing IBS components in affordable housing programs can be related to the overall reduction of construction costs, since more units were planned to be constructed in Selangor. However, the affordable housing program agencies should play a vital role in land acquisition.

Automation and Robotics in Industrialized Building System (IBS): The Potential Criteria for Measurement

The problems of Industrialised Building System (IBS) associated with construction such as decreasing quality and productivity, unskilled labour, occupational safety, and inferior working conditions have hampered on the implementation of IBS in Malaysia but opened the possibility of more revolutionary solutions within the industry. One of the prospective options is the implementation of automation and robotics in IBS. Integrating automation and robotics into the design, manufacturing and construction processes of IBS offers not the only improvement in accuracy, consistency and efficiency, but also opportunity to improve the construction industry regarding productivity, safety, quality and increase the implementation rate of IBS in Malaysia. All the data and information gathered directly from libraries, books, articles and other printed materials searched in the international and national journals, proceeding and bulletin. This paper aims to identify the potential criteria for measurement of automation and robotics in IBS.

Identifying and Evaluating Critical Success Factors for Industrialized Building Systems Implementation: Malaysia Study

The drive toward implementing an industrialized building system (IBS) in Malaysia is in line with Malaysia’s Construction Industry Transformation Plan 2016–2020, which seeks to increase more than double the construction industry’s productivity. IBS is able to accelerate the construction timeline, provide a safer working environment on site, produce a higher quality of construction, and save costs. Although the introduction of IBS in Malaysia is not new, its acceptance has not been extensive, and IBS implementation is still slow. Thus, to support the successful implementation of IBS, it is vital to determine the factors that influence the achievement of this aspiration. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate the critical success factors (CSFs) that contribute to the smooth implementation of the IBS dimensions within the context of the Malaysian construction industry. By doing so, the uptake of IBS can be accelerated. In order to consolidate the set of candidate success factors, these CSFs were identified from the literature review and confirmed through a self-administered survey questionnaire. Then, the value of importance of each CSF was calculated in a second survey. Based on the factor analysis, 15 CSFs were identified and grouped into five major elements: strategy, sources of funding, process, people, and enabler, with each factor comprising its own set of components. The findings indicate that the CSFs in IBS implementation have different priorities and weights.

A REVIEW OF IBS IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE

This paper is a review of IBS implementation in Malaysia and Singapore. It investigates the limitations and opportunities in implementation of IBS in Malaysia and Singapore. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) defines Industrialised Building System (IBS) as a construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (either onsite or offsite), then transported, positioned and installed into a structure with less additional onsite works. Content analysis is the method adopted in this study. Data is collected from books, journal articles, annual reports and newspaper articles. Studies show that IBS contributes many benefits including labour reduction, cleaner and neater sites, easy installation, fast completion, enhancement of quality finished products and flexibility. Construction industries in countries like Singapore and Malaysia have shifted the construction methods from conventional to prefabrication. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is still promoting IBS in the private sector, whereas, government sector has successfully adopted IBS. However, in Singapore, Housing and Development Board (HDB) has implemented prefabrication in its construction industry. IBS has many benefits but with these benefits there are some limitations and hindrances as IBS is not widely adopted. This study highlights the benefits and challenges to overcome for the improvement in the implementation of IBS.

A REVIEW OF IBS IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE

This paper is a review of IBS implementation in Malaysia and Singapore. It investigates the limitations and opportunities in implementation of IBS in Malaysia and Singapore. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) defines Industrialised Building System (IBS) as a construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (either onsite or offsite), then transported, positioned and installed into a structure with less additional onsite works. Content analysis is the method adopted in this study. Data is collected from books, journal articles, annual reports and newspaper articles. Studies show that IBS contributes many benefits including labour reduction, cleaner and neater sites, easy installation, fast completion, enhancement of quality finished products and flexibility. Construction industries in countries like Singapore and Malaysia have shifted the construction methods from conventional to prefabrication. In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is still promoting IBS in the private sector, whereas, government sector has successfully adopted IBS. However, in Singapore, Housing and Development Board (HDB) has implemented prefabrication in its construction industry. IBS has many benefits but with these benefits there are some limitations and hindrances as IBS is not widely adopted. This study highlights the benefits and challenges to overcome for the improvement in the implementation of IBS.

Implication of Industrialised Building System (IBS) : The Case of Trade Contractors in Malaysia

To further enhance the efficiency, capacity and capability of the Malaysian construction industry, the government has been aggressively championing the use of Industrialised Building System (IBS). However, several studies have pointed out that the trade contractors are very concern with the increasing use of IBS in the country because it will reduce their business opportunities. Therefore, the research is dedicated to address issues faced by the trade contractors with the adoption of IBS. The objectives of this paper are to uncover the impact of IBS to the trade contractors and to suggest solutions to address issues faced by the trade contractors with the implementation of IBS. A fundamental of the methodology is to adopt multiple case studies approach. These projects adopted both conventional and IBS construction method. A number of 8 projects were selected. Interview sessions are conducted with trade and main contractors. Collected data is then modelled by using the combination of fuzzy theory set and simple multi-attribute rating technique. Main contractors’ input on several success factors that lead to the penetration of trade contractors in IBS is evaluated. Some degree of involvement of trade contractors in IBS projects is recommended. It is significant for the trade contractors to obtain skills for IBS approach besides their existing crafts. Furthermore, the trade contractors are suggested to register themselves as IBS components installer as this does not involve high investment capital or they can join the other companies to increase their technical and financial capacity. These findings will inform on numerous policy initiatives to manage the business sustainability of the domestic trade contractors, to improve construction methods, then to modernise and upgrade the construction industry within the country.

Stakeholder’s Perception of Industrialized Building System (IBS) Implementation

The Malaysian Government has put a great effort in promoting the usage of industrialized building system (IBS) in the construction industry. However, the implementation is still far from the expected outcome. Even many advantages have been offered by IBS implementation; the stakeholders still hold many negative perceptions towards its applicability. These perceptions are one of the contributing factors to the poor adoption of IBS components in the construction industry. This research studies the perception of major stakeholders in the IBS construction project and suggestions have been put forward to overcome the situation.Keywords: Perspective, Stakeholders, IBS Adoption, IBS issueseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

Supply Chain Management on IBS Implementation in Klang Valley Construction Industry: Challenges and Issues

Industrialized Building System (IBS) is a system where the components of the building are manufactured in a factory and it will be transported to the site to form the structures. The supply chain management (SCM) is a system where the delivery flows of the IBS products from manufacturers to the site. The aim of this research is to identify the major challenges and to analyze the issues on IBS implementation in SCM in Klang Valley from the manufacturers perspective. The methodology used in this paper is based on primary data through questionnaire and interview. Questionnaires were sent to the Manufacturers. It can be concluded that this paper attempts to present more on the challenges and issues that those companies of manufacturers faced during their success journey in finding integration in their supply chain. The main contributions of this paper are integrating all the supply chain integration challenges and issues on IBS. Therefore, these contributions will be helpful for the organization of manufacturers and IBS players that establish the integration in their SCM.

APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

Development of infrastructures are needed due to the growing population, increasing demand for housing and other building activities and the improvement in the quality of life of the populace. This study has been conducted with the aim to capture the perspective of Nigerian construction industries on the industrialized building system (IBS), specifically in Kano State. The methods adopted for this study comprises of interview session with 5 expert respondents and questionnaire survey with 73 respondents of professionals within the Nigerian construction industries. Data obtained was analyzed using content, frequency and factor analysis through SPSS software. Research findings shows that majority of the construction industry in Kano are commonly practicing traditional cast on site method and IBS implementation is considered in early stage. The setback of IBS application in Kano found from this study is due to insufficient IBS manufacturer, unfamiliarity and resistance to change, enormous capital cost and lack of government interest. In order to overcome these barriers, majority of the respondents agreed that improving the educational curriculum and adopting intensive training for the related parties will help in improving IBS implementation in Kano state and indirectly to Nigeria. The study further concludes that Government support and increase awareness on IBS benefits will result in successful IBS implementation in the state.

The Insight of Industrialised Building System (IBS) By Bumiputera Construction Players

The term Industrialised Building System (IBS) is widely recognised by construction players in Malaysia since its first implementation since 1960s for IBS pilot projects of Pekeliling Flats and Rifle Range Flats. The aim for the implementation is to promote better system in delivering construction end-products which offers efficiency and effectiveness. At the same time, Bumiputera construction players are the majority of parties in construction industry especially in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the perception and awareness of IBS implementation among Bumiputera players. It is found that, Bumiputera construction players have sound knowledge on the IBS and optimistic towards further implementation for future projects. Nonetheless, issues on payment methods and coordination of IBS project delivery are found to be the negative perceptions which are considered as hindrance for Bumiputera construction players’ involvement in IBS project.

Conceptual Model of Contractor Satisfaction in the Industrialized Building System (IBS) Implementation

Most construction projects have been recognized as underperformance due to the increase numbers of delays, cost overruns and poor quality construction. The inability of contractors to meet clients’ expectation has been found as one of the main causes that contribute to the project failure. Alternatively, key players are encouraged to shift from the conventional method towards Industrialized Building System (IBS). Also known as prefabrication, previous researchers proved that IBS is able to minimize on-site works and increase the building quality in a controlled environment. However, the take up rate of IBS in Malaysian construction industry is still low as compared to developed countries basically due to incapability of contractors in mastering an advanced technology and their negative perceptions in IBS implementation. In addition, a limited subjective performance measurement, particularly to evaluate contractors' satisfaction level in implementing the IBS construction is still neglected. This is a review paper for an on-going research in examining contractor satisfaction levels on the IBS implementation and its attributes. The measurements are based on contractor perception instead of the typical approaches that solely concerned with objective measures (time, cost and quality). As a result, several attributes that integrate sustainability elements (economical, environmental, social, and institutional factors) are also determined. These attributes are then developed through systematic analysis to enhance the ability of IBS in improving contractors’ satisfaction. The developed framework is expected to help the project team in performing IBS projects more efficiently, ensuring the quality meet the standards and encouraging effective communication between participants. Moreover, the findings will be useful to assist contractors in enhancing competitiveness, increase company reputation and improve project deliveries to meet global challenges.

Qualitative Analysis on the Barriers of Industrialised Building System (IBS) Uptake in Malaysian Construction Projects

Even though the construction industry is very competitive, it is currently very labor intensive. As such the Malaysian Government has been continuously encouraging the industry to use the Industrialised Building System (IBS), which is considered to be an important part of modern method construction approach. However, the system has so far failed to gather momentum especially among the private construction projects. Accordingly, many studies have been conducted for identifying the factors that contributed to this problem. However, the previous studies mostly focused on the qualitative data whereas the finding has limited discuss on ‘how’ and ‘why’ of the problem happened. Based on the findings from the industry workshop, this paper discusses the identified barriers with the aim of examining how far these barriers may well affect the process of IBS implementation in the Malaysian construction industry.

The Contractors’ Perception of the Implementation of Industrialised Building System (IBS) in Malaysia

The implementation of Industrialized Building System (IBS) has been identified as a potential solution to perk up almost every significant aspect in the construction industry such as quality, productivity, duration of construction, labour, cost effectiveness, safety and waste production. However despite a series of promotions by the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), the implementation of IBS in Malaysia only accounts for approximately 15% of the market share due to several reasons. This study was conducted to identify the perceptions of local contractors towards the implementation and the risks faced in IBS construction projects in Malaysia. The data on the problems and risks of IBS implementation were collected by means of questionnaire survey and interview of G7 contractors around Kedah state. The results showed that contractor competence has been considered to be the most risky factor in IBS construction in Kedah.