Type Of Industry Research Articles

Implementation of Operational Management at the Manufacturing Company (Pt Nippon Indosari Corpindo, Tbk) Sari Roti

Operational management is very important for all types of industries, one of which is manufacturing. Manufacturing companies are concerned with production processes on a large scale that use equipment and machinery to manage raw materials into finished goods. PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk “SARI ROTI "is one of the leading bread manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This Journal discusses how SARI ROTI applies operations management concepts to achieve competitive advantage and meet growing market demand. Based on these objectives, researchers use qualitative research with qualitative analysis methods in which research is conducted by analyzing data using theoretical foundations as the basis of analysis. The data analyzed is secondary data, which is data that comes from existing sources and is not self-processed data The results showed that this company is a company that successfully runs the overall operations management concept, so that the company is able to produce quality products and ensure the cleanliness of all its products, as well as efficient in terms of the production process and distribution of products produced with a wide marketing area coverage.

Transfer pricing, earnings management and corporate governance among listed firms: Evidence from Ghana

PurposeThis study aims to examine the prevalence of transfer pricing and earnings management activities, and how they are impacted by corporate governance mechanisms.Design/methodology/approachUsing the political cost theory, the study provides insights into how opportunistic managerial behaviours which have a strong link to profit shifting and tax evasion are driven by corporate governance using data from 16 listed firms for the period 2008–2020.FindingsThe results reveal that the transaction-based transfer pricing model is better than the index-based model and the accrual-based earnings management model suits the political cost theory more than the real earnings management metric. Board size and female CEO increase transfer pricing aggressiveness but board independence, CEO tenure, CEO nationality and female Board Chairwomanship reduce transfer pricing aggressiveness. The findings also reveal the role of multinational enterprise status, private ownership, industry type, firm size, financial leverage, asset tangibility and firm age. For accrual-based earnings management, board independence, CEO tenure, and female Board Chairwomanship significantly decrease earnings management. Other factors include private ownership, firm size, and firm age.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study are relevant for shaping industry-level policies on earning management, transfer pricing and related-party transactions. Since these opportunistic managerial behaviours are the foremost drivers of tax avoidance and profit shifting, the findings of this study provide relevant insights for practitioners, tax and other regulatory authorities, policymakers and the academic community alike.Originality/valueThis is among the premier studies on the transfer pricing and earnings management nexus with corporate governance factors using the political cost theory, especially in the developing country context. It also reveals the significant impact of gender and suggests the need for gender diversity in corporate management.

Do green dynamic capabilities and absorptive capacity affect green innovation performance? A study on companies in Indonesia

Purpose: This study aims to empirically analyze the effect of absorptive capacity, green dynamic capability, and green manufacturing practices (GMP) on green innovation performance (GIP).Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach was employed in this study, with data collected through a questionnaire and analyzed for hypothesis using the partial least squares structural equation model. In order to enhance the depth of the analysis, in-depth interviews were conducted with experienced practitioners from three selected companies implementing green innovations.Findings: Empirical findings showed that reconfiguring capabilities positively affects GIP. Realized absorptive capacity positively affects GMP but does not affect GIP. Then, realized absorptive capacity positively impacts sensing and reconfiguration capabilities. GMP mediates the relationship between realized absorptive capacity and GIP. This study reveals the two pathways through which green dynamic capabilities affect realized absorptive capacity and GIP.Research limitations/implications: This study has yet to consider potential variations in company ownership, applied technology, and industry type that could lead to differences in green innovation characteristics. This study employed a small sample size and a Likert-scale questionnaire, possibly leading to respondent perception bias (although this is unlikely).Practical implications: The results of this study offered valuable insights into how companies developed dynamic capabilities to address essential green requirements in their product and processes. Thus, companies can prepare all available resources to adapt to various environment-related changes.Social implications: Companies with high green innovation performance will produce environmentally friendly products, conduct industrial activities without damaging the environment, and ultimately create a sustainable industry.Originality/value: What distinguishes this study is the division of green dynamic capabilities into three independent capabilities: SenCap, SeiCap, and Reconf, which had been described as a single capacity in previous studies. Furthermore, this study emphasizes GMP's position between absorptive capacity and green dynamic capability with GIP.

Workplace hazards and safety practices in the small-scale industries

Abstract The small-scale industries are considered a major sector of economic investment in the world. Small-scale industries typically suffer from problems such as poor management systems, poor safety training, difficulties in complying with legislation, and absence of safety performance. This study aimed to measure the levels of heat stress and noise and assess the safety performance in small-scale industries. Twenty industrial workshops were selected representing four different types of small-scale industries (foundries, automotive repair, metal processing, and aluminium processing) in Alexandria, Egypt. Inside each selected workshop, both levels of heat stress and noise were measured by calibrated instruments. A pre-designed checklist evaluated the adequacy of the safety performance. Noise levels ranged between 86.4 ± 2.0 and 89.7 ± 2.7 dB exceeding the recommended value (85 dB). In the most studied workshops, the levels of heat stress were relatively high, especially in the foundries. Besides, the safety practices at all these workshops were poor or very poor. The most obvious safety problems included poor housekeeping, lack of PPEs, inadequate illumination, absence of emergency exits, and insufficient fire extinguishers. The results emphasize the responsibility of the local authorities to give more attention and interest to this type of industry.

Interspecific crossing in gooseberry breeding as the basis for the industrial-type varieties creation

For optimal cultivation of gooseberries, the presence of industrial-type cultivars plays an important role, therefore, the study of economically useful parameters, such as resistance to diseases and pests, productivity, high commercial qualities of berries, suitability for combine harvesting is relevant. Consequently, the goal of the present research was to study remote gooseberry hybrids obtained on the genetic basis of a mighty gooseberry species (Grossularia robusta) involved in hybridization according to the main economic and biological characteristics.Selected gooseberry forms obtained from the remote (interspecific) hybridization withGrossularia robustaspecies were the studied material.The degree of damage by the American powdery mildew, the quality of berries and suitability for machine harvesting were assessed. As a result of the long – term study of hybrid offspring obtained from interspecific crosses, promising selected formsF29-283-1(2) andF29-283-1(6) (seedlings from the open pollination from the family 142-x36-12 × Grossularia robusta) have been identified, which are of interest for further practical breeding of gooseberries when creating commercial cultivars of industrial type.

Welding of Steel - Its Mechanism and Applications in Multiple Sectors

Among different metals steel can be easily welded and welded steel has required strength, good ductility and sufficient resistance to general corrosion media. Since steel welding is being used in all types of fabrication industries, the mechanism of steel welding has been explored for different types of steel along with its multiple applications.

Mechanistic Insights into the Synthesis of Nickel-Graphene Nanostructures for Gas Sensors.

Toxic gases are used in different types of industries and thus, present a potential health hazard. Therefore, highly sensitive gas sensing materials are essential for the safety of those operating in their environments. A process involving electrospinning polymer solutions impregnated with transition metal ions are developed to yield nanofibers that are annealed to form graphitic carbon / nickel nanoparticle-based fibers for gas sensing applications. The performance of these gas sensors is strongly related to the ability to control the material parameters of the active material. As the formation of these nanostructures, which nucleate within solid carbon scaffolds, have not been investigated, the growth mechanisms are look to understand in order to exert control over the resulting material. Evaluation of these growth mechanisms are conducted through a combination of thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and reveal nucleation of nickel at the onset of the polymer scaffold decomposition with subsequent growth processes, including surface diffusion, aggregation, coalescence and evaporation condensation, that are activated at different temperatures. Gas sensing experiments conducted on analyte gases demonstrate good sensitivity and response times, and significant potential for use in other energy and environmental applications.

Assessing digital capability for twin transition and profitability: From firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator

AbstractDigital capability encompasses the skills and attitudes that firms and employees need to thrive in the modern digital era. Digital capability of a firm involves the effective adoption and use of modern digital technologies such as Industry 4.0. From the individual perspective, digital capability is referred to as knowledge and skill sets of people which are essential to work in digitally enabled firms. Not many studies have been conducted to assess how digital capability can help in twin transition, that is, both at individual and firm levels, and how such digital capability can help in improving profitability for the firms. There is also a lack of studies exploring how firm leadership support can enhance digital capability to improve both organizational and employee performance. In this background, the aim of this study is to assess the role of digital capability for both firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator. With the support of resource‐based view (RBV) and literature, a research model was prepared conceptually which was later validated using PLS‐SEM technique considering 348 responses from employees of different types of industries. Based on the analysis of feedback from participants in India, this study has reached a specific conclusion. Consequently, the results suffer from external validity issues which have been considered as one of the critical limitations of this study. It has been demonstrated that impacts of digital competency could improve both people and firm performance enhancing the profitability of the firms. Such enhancement of profitability is facilitated by the impact of leadership support.

Spatial distribution, influencing factors and innovative development countermeasures of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province, China

China’s rural reform is reliant on farmers' cooperatives as a key organization vehicle. It plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. Such as, realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. This study used the nearest neighbor index and kernel density estimation to analyze the spatial distribution and structural characteristics of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province. It revealed the spatial differentiation law of cooperatives. Also using geographical detectors to figure out the main factors that affect the spatial distribution. The results show that: ① Hunan Farmers Cooperatives show significant spatial agglomeration. The overall spatial distribution shows the spatial characteristics of "one core, one circle, and multiple points". And the spatial distribution pattern of "large agglomeration, finger-shaped radiation distribution". Among them, the distribution of provincial demonstration cooperatives is relatively balanced. ② Cooperatives in six types of industries, such as planting, forestry, and feeding, showed agglomeration distribution. Different industrial cooperatives spread out in different ways, such as in an anti-"L" shape, a dual-core shape, or a one-center area. ③ The 24 influence factors selected from the five dimensions of the natural environment, social economic basis, production basis, output capacity, and facility basis have high, general, and weak influence on cooperatives' spatial distribution. The development and distribution of cooperatives mainly depend on resource endowment, social and economic development level, and market dependence. The spatial distribution heterogeneity of different professional cooperatives is mainly affected by slope, per capita disposable income of rural residents, road density, and other factors. ④ The progression of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province should prioritize high-quality development, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches and transformative strategies within rural industrial organizations. It is imperative to optimize the spatial distribution of cooperatives, strategically contributing to the establishment of a novel framework for modern agricultural development in Hunan Province. Additionally, there is a critical emphasis on spearheading collaborative initiatives among cooperatives of varied industrial types, aimed at fostering the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries.

High-performance work practices and entrepreneurial firm performance: the moderating role of firm size and industry type

PurposeThis paper examines the moderating role of firm size (FS) and industry type in the relationship between high-performance work practices (HPWPs) and entrepreneurial firm performance.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive research design involving a five-year dataset from firms in the retail and services industries of Nigeria was used in the analyses.FindingsThe use of HPWPs is widespread among entrepreneurial firms, with ability- and motivation-enhancing practices being dominant. Country context influences the types of HPWPs implemented by entrepreneurial firms. FS and industry type do not have significant moderating effects on the relationship between HPWPs and the performance of entrepreneurial firms. The positive effect of HPWPs on performance is consistent with findings made in prior studies.Research limitations/implicationsFS plays a neutral role in the relationship between HPWPs and entrepreneurial firm performance. Within the broader retail and services industries, this relationship is weaker in capital-intensive firms compared to less capital-intensive ones. The restricted focus on only retail and service industries may limit the universal applicability of the findings.Practical implicationsFindings indicate that the efficacy of HPWPs is neither influenced by FS nor industry type. Entrepreneurial firms with higher capital intensity benefit relatively more from the use of HPWPs.Originality/valueUnlike other research efforts focusing on a single moderating influence, this study combines two important contextual factors, FS and industry type, to provide a better understanding of HPWPs. The study spotlights the effects of country context in the implementation of HPWPs in a way that prior studies have not done.

Hindrance or facilitator? The economic consequences of national demonstration eco-industrial parks in China.

Many countries attach great importance to the green, low-carbon, and circular development of industrial parks. China is one of them and has entered an exploration journey of national demonstration eco-industrial parks (NDEIPs). However, the impact of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs on local economic development still remains a mystery. To address this issue, we develop an empirical study using a combination of the multi-period difference-in-differences method and the propensity score matching method based on the panel data for 266 cities in China from 2001 to 2021. The results show that industrial parks becoming NDEIPs promotes cities' economic development. This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests, such as the reverse causality test and the placebo test. Moreover, the park heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences vary according to differences in levels, industry types, life cycle phases, and the degree of foreign firm agglomeration. The city heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ based on administrative levels, innovation capabilities, technology industrialization, and environmental friendliness. The spatial heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ according to geographical location and whether situated in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The policy upgrading heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ during the process of policy upgrading and transformation. In addition, the mechanism tests reveal that green innovation, human capital level, and firm attractiveness mediate the relationship between industrial parks becoming NDEIPs and cities' economic development. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the economic effects of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs, and provides a reference for the government on how to maximize these economic effects.

Eco-innovation and SMEs’ sustainable performance: a meta-analysis

PurposeThe study aims to build upon the Resource-based view of the firm (RBV) and Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT) to perform a meta-analysis on the eco-innovation/SMEs’ sustainable performance relationship.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a psychometric meta-analytic approach with a random-effects model, the study examines a sample of 134,841 SMEs covering 99 studies and 233 study effects. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were used to test the study`s hypotheses in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) statistical software.FindingsResults unveil that the average impact of eco-innovation on SMEs` sustainable performance is positively significant but moderate. Moreover, it was found that eco-process, eco-product, eco-organizational, and eco-marketing innovations positively influence SMEs’ sustainable performance, but the impact of eco-organizational innovation is the strongest. Findings further reveal that eco-innovation positively influences economic, social, and environmental performance, but its effect on social performance is the largest. Moreover, our findings reveal that contextual factors, including industry type, culture, industry intensity, global sustainable competitive index, and human development index, moderate the eco-innovation/SMEs’ sustainable performance relationship. Lastly, methodological factors, namely sampling technique, study type, and publication status, account for study-study variance.Practical implicationsOur findings imply that investing in eco-innovation is worthwhile for SMEs. Therefore, CEOs/managers of SMEs must adopt eco-innovation initiatives by establishing a sustainability vision, developing employee environmental development and training, building a stakeholder management system, and promoting employee engagement in sustainability activities.Originality/valueThe study develops a holistic conceptual framework to consolidate the distinct types of eco-innovation and their association with the sustainable performance of SMEs for the first time in this research stream, thereby resolving the anecdotal results and synthesizing the fragmented literature across culture, discipline, and contexts.

Impact of industrial robot on labour productivity: Empirical study based on industry panel data

This empirical analysis explores the impact of industrial robots on labour productivity using panel data of 17 Chinese industries from 2006 to 2021. The results reveal that the development of industrial robots significantly improves labour productivity; a series of robustness tests validate this outcome. However, the impact of industrial robots on labour productivity varies across industry types. The influence coefficient of the low-density robotics industry is larger than that of the high-density robotics industry. Furthermore, although the scale of industrial robot usage before 2012 was smaller than that after 2012, its effect on labour productivity was more significant. Our findings indicate the possibility of diminishing marginal effect of industrial robots in promoting labour productivity. The mechanism analysis demonstrates that human capital level has a complete intermediating effect between industrial robots and labour productivity. Thus, industrial robot applications can contribute to labour productivity by optimising human capital structure. These findings provide crucial insights for governments and policy makers to improve labour productivity and economic growth.

The effect of manufacturing overhead on policies for allocating production capacity

This research explores how manufacturing overhead influences profit margins under different capacity allocation policies in a build-to-order context. By applying a multi-period Mixed-Integer-Programming model to assess industries with varying overhead structures, the study establishes a link between the levels of capacity allocation and profitability, underscoring the strategic significance of overhead costs in capacity management decisions. Our results indicate that industries with lower overhead costs benefit more significantly from increased capacity allocation, with up to a 25% improvement in profit, compared to a 5–10% improvement in higher overhead industries. Conversely, at full capacity demand rates, increased allocation levels detrimentally affect profit, particularly in industries with higher overhead ratios. The study utilises a 3-way ANOVA to confirm the significance of these findings, revealing that industry type, demand rates, and allocation levels are critical factors in optimising profit. This research highlights the need for a pragmatic approach to capacity allocation that aligns with industry characteristics and demand levels, steering away from revenue maximisation to a more holistic view of profitability that includes overhead cost management.

Optimum eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid levels for farmed Atlantic salmon: closing the gap between science and commercial practice

The shift from fish oil to vegetable oil (VO) sources has lowered eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in salmon aquafeeds. VOs are high in omega-6 and low in omega-3 essential fatty acids like EPA and DHA, crucial for fish metabolism and immunity. Algal oil (AO), with high EPA + DHA and lower omega-6 levels supports fish health and growth, but transferring lab-controlled conditions to real-world commercial farming remains a challenge. This study explored the benefits of high dietary EPA + DHA levels through a commercial farm (CF) study in Chile and a Big Data (BD) study in Norway. The CF study, involving 625,000 Atlantic salmon, compared standard feed with AO-supplemented feed. The latter resulted in improved health responses and better fillet quality. The BD study analyzed real data from 232.6 million fish, revealing that EPA + DHA levels > 8% reduce mortality variability by 21%, improve economic feed conversion ratio by 11%, and increase the likelihood of superior harvests by 27%, demonstrating productivity benefits. Both studies emphasize the advantages of feeds with EPA + DHA levels above typical industry practices, enhancing growth, health, and nutritional quality. Importantly, the BD study complements the CF study, bridging the gap between science and aquafarms, and providing evidence that diets with EPA + DHA > 8% offer biological performance benefits for farmers, regardless of farming environments.

Research on Financing Efficiency of Intelligent Manufacturing Enterprises in China --Empirical analysis based on DEA-Malmquist modeling

Smart manufacturing is leading the way in the development of manufacturing quality in China. Based on the DEA-Malmquist model, this paper analyses the financing efficiency of 88 listed smart manufacturing enterprises in China from 2017 to 2021.The results of DEA static analysis show that: in terms of industry types, the comprehensive technical efficiency of the light textile industry is the highest, the resource processing industry has serious internal polarisation, and the machinery and electronic manufacturing industries are mainly affected by pure technical efficiency. Malmquist dynamic analysis shows that: the average total factor productivity index of listed enterprises in intelligent manufacturing is 0.9835, of which, the change value of pure technical efficiency leads to the annual average financing efficiency. The value of efficiency change leads to an average annual decline of 1.65% in financing efficiency. Therefore, the financing efficiency of Chinese intelligent manufacturing enterprises can be improved from the dimensions of improving the bond financing support system and constructing advanced manufacturing innovation system.

Sustainable Development Goals in Corporate Reporting: Analysis of Economic, Social, and Environmental Disclosure (Survey among Public Listed Companies in Indonesia)

This research purpose was to describe the disclosure of the Sustainability Development Goals (SDG) in Indonesian companies’ corporate reporting to further analyse sustainability issues. This study employed a descriptive, quantitative method. This research collected data from 443 Indonesian publicly listed companies divided into nine types of industries. This study classified 17 SDG targets into three sustainability-related performance indicators: Economic, Social, and Environmental. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance , and cluster analysis. This research found that: (1) the disclosure of the SDG items in corporate reporting is still low at 38%; (2) SDG disclosure made by the company still focused more on the economic theme of sustainability, rather than environmental or social; (3) there are significant differences among industries in terms of economic disclosure, but there are no differences in terms of environmental and social disclosure; (4) there are five clusters formed by the cluster analysis, and the general cluster descriptions indicate that only 15% of the companies have good disclosure quality in terms of Economic, Social and Environmental issues, and around 24% of the companies still have no or few disclosures of sustainability-related issues. This implies that Indonesian companies still face a significant challenge in promoting corporate reporting to satisfy investors’ need for sustainability.

Development of regional economic growth in key states in Mexico through filmmaking

Mexico has a rich history in the film industry which traditionally has been financed under the secretariat of culture from the federal and state levels. Throughout the years, there have been several incentives by various local governments to try to regenerate goods and services in this sector through grants, and cultural policies as has happened in other similar developing countries that have begun to see filmmaking as a means of building national identity and economic growth. This study offers a combination of evaluations in order to measure the effect of certain factors within the industry through the use of a linear regression model, annual growth rate estimate, and financial analysis of grants directed towards this industry as an attempt to provide a complete measure for future cultural-economic policy evaluation in these types of creative-cultural industries. Results show that the evaluation of the industry can provide insights into the resilience of these sectors in a geographic state, that the economic-health crisis might offer an opportunity to resurge growth within these creative-cultural industries, and that subsidies and grants do affect its overall growth, and sustainability.

Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of the e-sports industry in China

The emergence and development of new industry play a key role in regional development and economic growth. This study explores the e-sports industry evolution, a typical cross-sector new industry, through a theoretical lens of the evolutionary economic geography (EEG) based on Chinese e-sports industry enterprise data between 1998–2018 and examines the influencing factor by multivariate regression. Results show e-sports industry development is a typical evolutionary process that combines spin-off, path creation, spatial evolution, and firms’ network. Furthermore, the e-sports industry is characterized by the integration of the sports and creative industries. However, technology correlated-based knowledge spillover from culture and sports does not significantly impact the e-sports industry, whereas the knowledge spillover from the information software industry promotes e-sports industry development. The regression result also confirms that the institution and culture significantly impact the industrial development. This study enriches the knowledge body of evolutionary economic geography from case studies of the e-sports industry, and also expands the existing study system of emerging industries.

Effective Removal of Microplastic Particles from Wastewater Using Hydrophobic Bio-Substrates

Effective Removal of Microplastic Particles from Wastewater Using Hydrophobic Bio-Substrates