Textile Industry Effluent Research Articles

Anodic oxidation as promoting technology for treatment and reuse of industrial textile effluent using ruthenium-doped lead dioxide (PbO2) anode

Anodic oxidation as promoting technology for treatment and reuse of industrial textile effluent using ruthenium-doped lead dioxide (PbO2) anode

Bioremediation of textile effluent using indigenous microbes

The escalating demand for clean water due to rapid industrialization underscores the urgency for effective wastewater treatment. Synthetic organic dyes, extensively used in the textile industry, pose a significant environmental threat when discharged into aquatic ecosystems. Addressing this challenge necessitates the development of sustainable methods for degrading hazardous dyes. Bioremediation emerge as a promising approach to mitigate their impact. In this study, three dye-decolorizing bacteria were isolated from textile industry effluent using selective enrichment culture. Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Micrococcus roseus (M. roseus), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) were identified as potential isolates. Spectrophotometric analysis revealed P. aeruginosa to exhibit the highest decolorization efficiency (99.09 %), followed by B. cereus (85.63 %), M. roseus (80.22 %), and a mixed culture of the three isolates (78.36 %) at 37 °C. Bioremediation efficacy was confirmed under optimized conditions (0.1 % glucose, 0.05 % yeast extract, pH 7.0, and 35 °C), with physiochemical analyses of textile effluent supporting the process. These indigenous bacteria hold promise for constructing cost-effective biological systems to treat textile effluent, offering insights into effective wastewater bioremediation strategies. Exploring the monoculture and consortia of three bacterial strains on dye degradation.

A Novel Coal-Associated Soil as an Effective Adsorbent for Reactive Blue Dye Removal

The project aims to remove reactive blue dye from the effluent of textile industries by utilizing coal-associated soil as an adsorbent, as it possesses effective physical properties and distinguishing characteristics. In comparison to other separation techniques, the adsorption method is the most effective, cost-effective, and straightforward. A batch adsorption investigation was carried out to examine the various adsorption-influencing factors, including solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and dye concentration. Contact time of 30 min, an adsorbent dosage of 10g.100 mL-1, a solution pH of 7, a temperature of 30°C, and an initial dye concentration of 100 mg.L-1 were found to be optimal for dye adsorption. Using two distinct kinetic models, the evaluation of kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order provided the greatest fit, with a higher R2 value than the pseudo-first-order. The thermodynamic parameters Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) indicated that the current adsorption system was exothermic and spontaneous. Further study of the adsorption isotherm revealed that the Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit, with an R2 value of 0.977%.

Microwave heating system for CuFe2O4/rGO/PMS enhanced catalytic-oxidative pre-treatment, water, and salt recovery from reverse osmosis reject of textile industry effluent

Microwave (MW) heating mechanism was investigated for reverse osmosis (RO) reject management of real textile effluent, i.e., pre-treatment, water, and salt recovery. For pre-treatment, microwave-induced catalytic degradation (MICD) enhanced with CuFe2O4/rGO for PMS activation was applied for organics degradation. The synthesized CuFe2O4/rGO (average particle size ∼16.44 nm) was characterized for XRD, SEM with EDAX, FTIR, VSM and TGA. MICD (1 g/L catalyst (80 %:20 %), 400 mg/L PMS, 90℃ MW temperature, 450 W MW power, and pH 11.32) showed 100 % color, 80.4 % TOC, and 91.1 % COD reduction within 16 min of MW irradiation. Radical quenching studies and EPR analysis revealed that SO4•− and ⦁OH were the dominant reactive species followed by non-radical O21. Recyclability study of CuFe2O4/rGO showed 72 % color, 65 % TOC, and 71.4 % COD removal after 5 cycles. XRD and FTIR of reused CuFe2O4/rGO hold similar crystallinity and structural properties as fresh catalyst. ATR-FTIR spectrum of before and after degradation of RO reject showed considerable degradation of organic dye molecules. Subsequently, the MW heating system was optimized for water recovery (110℃ MW temperature, 700 W MW power, and 100 mL reject volume), showing 100 % water recovery within 6 min, and its characterization showed a high distillate purity. NaCl and Na2SO4 salts were recovered under different MW operating temperatures, exploiting solubility equilibrium, and characterized for XRD, SEM with EDAX, and PSA.

Comparing efficacy of anodic and cathodic chambers in a low-cost algae-assisted microbial fuel cell for textile wastewater remediation

Remediation of industrial textile effluent using both the anodic and cathodic chambers of an algae-assisted microbial fuel cell (AMFC) is demonstrated and evaluated in this study. A low-cost AMFC is developed using clayware as the anode compartment housed inside a plastic bucket which acts as the cathode chamber. A comparative analysis of textile wastewater (TWW) treatment in both chambers is presented. Four treatment configurations were considered, namely T1 (only cathode supplied with TWW), T2 (both cathode and anode supplied with TWW), T3 (only anode supplied with TWW) and the control AMFC (no TWW was added in any compartment). It was observed that the bacterial populations in the anodic compartment were more adapted towards TWW than the microalgae in the cathodic chamber. The color removal efficiency by the anode and cathode chamber was respectively 89.55% and 40.53%. The COD removal was 94% and 48% from the anodic and cathodic chambers respectively. The T3 AMFC with effluent being supplied only to the anode chamber exhibited the highest power and current density of 2.1 W/m3 and 8 A/m3. The proposed system was able to degrade dyes from real textile wastewater and simultaneously generate bioelectricity and algal biomass.

Innovative Plant-Derived Biomaterials for Sustainable and Effective Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study

The aim of this study is to purify industrial textile effluents by treating two types of commonly encountered dyes: blue maxilon (BM), of cationic nature, and black eriochrome (NE), of anionic nature. We intend to employ an innovative approach based on the adsorption of these dyes onto a novel vegetal biomaterial derived from Aleppo pine fibers (FPAs). A kinetic and thermodynamic study was conducted. The effect of some physicochemical parameters on both dye adsorption and FPAs was also evaluated. The modeling of the adsorption results was performed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. The results indicate that the equilibrium time strongly depends on the initial concentration of the two dyes, being 60 min with pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics for both dyes. Adsorption isotherms under the optimal conditions of adsorbent mass, temperature, medium pH, and dye concentration were used to determine the maximum adsorption efficiency, which was close to 93% and 98% for BM and NE, respectively. The results also show that the adsorption of both dyes on FPAs fits well with Langmuir’s model. The thermodynamic study indicates that the adsorption of both dyes on FPAs is spontaneous and exothermic in nature for BM and endothermic for NE.

Comparative study of graphene oxide and copper oxide nanoparticle as surface modifiers in microfiltration membranes and adsorbents for efficient removal of textile dyes from contaminated water

Despite technological development, the textile industry still generates effluents with a high content of emerging contaminants, which are harmful to the environment. Conventional wastewater treatment methods struggle to remove emerging contaminants, necessitating advanced techniques. One promising solution is the modification of membranes and adsorption methods. The same modifying agents were used to modify the surface of microfiltration membranes and to create an adsorbent, allowing a comparison of the two processes in water treatment contaminated with dyes. Copper oxide nanoparticles were produced through green synthesis, and polyethersulfone microfiltration membranes were surface-modified using graphene oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles via a pressure-assisted method. Among the tested membranes, MF_GO1.0 + CuO3.0 showed the best performance, demonstrating a synergistic effect between the modifying agents, efficiently removing 97.69 % of Levafix Blue CA dye and recovering 84.88 % of the flux. It also exhibited outstanding removal rates (>99 %) for other textile dyes, such as Solophenyl Blue and Reactive Black 5. Membrane characterization revealed a decrease in contact angle for membranes modified with CuO and GO-CuO, rendering them more hydrophilic and improving permeability. Scanning Electron Microscopy depicted a compacted membrane, characteristic of graphene oxide, with nanoparticles on the surface. Chemical stability tests, conducted at neutral pH for 7 days, demonstrated no significant variation in permeability and contaminant removal. Although adsorption had limited effectiveness in removing the Levafix Blue CA dye, it provided valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms. Comparing membrane modification with adsorption, membranes displayed more efficiency in dye removal and showed enhanced antifouling properties. These results indicate the potential of modified membranes in treating dye-containing wastewater. As dye production increases, these innovative technologies offer promising solutions to reduce the environmental impact of textile industry effluents. By employing such advanced methods, we can work towards safeguarding our water resources and ecosystems from the harmful effects of textile wastewater pollution.

Investigating dual-functional Al-doped stannic oxide nanorods towards photodegradation of real industry wastes and dye-sensitized solar cell application: An experimental and theoretical interpretation

In this work, we demonstrate a uniquely designed Tin (IV) Oxide (SnO2)-based nanomaterials for energy and environmental applications. Here, the Al-doped SnO2 nanorods (NR) at various concentrations ranging from 3 wt% to 9 wt% carried out following facile co-precipitation technique which induced synergic structural, optical and electrical properties in resulting products. Further, the Al-incorporation induced considerable changes to the structural, optical, and electrical characteristics turning SnO2 nanorods to Al-SnO2 nanocubes (NCs). Resulting changes from nanorod to nanocubes were closely monitored using various characterization techniques, which were then effectively utilized for photocatalytic degradation of important textile industry dyes, encompassing both cationic (MB, CV) and anionic (EBT) types. Optimal Al-doped SnO2 NC (6 wt%) demonstrated significant degradation efficiencies for organic pollutant and textile industry effluents under direct sunlight exposure. On the other hand, combination of optical and electrical properties was utilized in dye-sensitive solar cells (DSSCs) to achieve noteworthy efficiency of 6.33%, surpassing that of previous reported SnO2-based nanostructures. These exceptional performance nanomaterials can be attributed to the optimized morphology of the nanocubes and the reduction of the band gap from 3.24 eV to 2.75 eV facilitated by the introduction of aluminum dopant. Furthermore, synergic combination has also improved visible light excitation, substantially decreased resistance to charge carrier transfer phenomenon, improved the charge carrier concentration, as well as considerably decreased the electron/hole recombination rate. Therefore, presence of Al in SnO2 nanostructure has considerably improved the opto-electrical properties that were interpreted following theoretical studies. Therefore, study gives simple nanomaterials having both the photodegradation and dye-sensitive solar cell (DSSC) performance of the SnO2 nanostructure, as a cost-effective energy conversion and water pollution remediation tool for the near future.

Integration of sequential electrocoagulation and adsorption for effective removal of colour and total organic carbon in textile effluents and its utilization for seed germination and irrigation.

Textile effluent discharge can negatively impact the environment and living organisms due to its potential toxicity, higher percentages of total organic carbon (TOC) contents, and so on. The study investigates the extraordinary performance of the electrocoagulation process (ECP) combined with powdered activated carbon (PAC) as a highly effective and environmental friendly method of treating textile effluents. This scientific work mainly includes the focus on removing toxic components in textile effluents, such as high concentrations of colour and TOC using synthesized PAC derived from coconut shells coupled with the ECP (ECP-PAC). Initially, PAC was characterized by using XRD, Raman, BET, FTIR, and TGA studies. Subsequently, the pilot-scale ECP-PAC batch reactor was constructed with iron (Fe) as an anode and copper (Cu) as a cathode. The pilot-scale ECP-PAC batch reactor has achieved higher treatment efficiency in a shorter reaction time with low energy consumption compared to a stand-alone ECP. Further, the optimum conditions for effective ECP-PAC have been optimized, such as pH 7.5, applied current density (0-50mA/cm2), reaction time (0-30min), electrode combinations (Fe-Cu) with electrode distances of 5cm apart, and an optimum dose of 5g/L of PAC. Specifically, 98% of the colour and 96% of the TOC contents present in the industrial textile effluent were treated in 15 and 30min, respectively. In quantitative perspectives, the developed batch reactor has sharply decreased TOC (324.1mg/L), IC (1410mg/L) and TC (1019mg/L) to 13.55mg/L (96%), 31.49mg/L (97%), and 48.05mg/L (95%), respectively, in 30min demonstrating its sensitivity and selectivity with the utmost care. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of the treated water were convincingly assessed. That is, it remains suitable for the seed germination of mung bean and chlorophyll content study. Thus, the developed methodology could effectively reduce freshwater consumption in the agricultural sector, increase freshwater availability in water-scarce regions, and facilitate the increase of the recharging capacity of groundwater tables.

Utilization of Eco‐friendly Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Iron Oxide Nanorods in Dye Removal from Real Textile Industry Effluent

AbstractTextile industry wastewater contaminated with dye effluents poses a significant environmental challenge. Numerous nanoparticles are used as adsorbents to treat similarly stimulated wastewater, but particularly nanomaterials synthesized through green methods have gained prominence. To assess their practical applicability in addressing real‐world textile wastewater pollution, studies on dye removal from authentic textile industrial effluents are recommended. As a result, a study focused on the removal of dye from real textile industrial effluent is conducted, and biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide nanorods are chosen as adsorbents. The investigation scrutinized the influence of adsorbent dosage, adsorbent‐adsorbate contact time, and wastewater pH on the percentage of dye adsorption. These findings indicate that increasing the adsorbent dosage and contact time leads to a higher percentage of dye removal. Notably, copper oxide nanoparticles exhibit superior dye removal efficiency at pH levels 5 and 7, outperforming the maximum dye removal efficiency of iron oxide nanorods at pH 12. The study achieved an impressive process efficiency of 95.24% for copper oxide nanoparticles and 62.5% for iron oxide nanorods. Response surface methodology (RSM) is employed for statistical data analysis and optimization of dye removal process parameters to maximize efficiency. Overall, the results demonstrate that biosynthesized nanomaterials offer a promising and effective solution for removing dyes from textile industrial wastewater.

Cloning and characterization of FMN-dependent azoreductases from textile industry effluent identified through metagenomic sequencing

ABSTRACT Azo dyes, when released untreated in the environment, cause detrimental effects on flora and fauna. Azoreductases are enzymes capable of cleaving commercially used azo dyes, sometimes in less toxic by-products which can be further degraded via synergistic microbial cometabolism. In this study, azoreductases encoded by FMN1 and FMN2 genes were screened from metagenome shotgun sequences generated from the samples of textile dye industries’ effluents, cloned, expressed, and evaluated for their azo dye decolorization efficacy. At pH 7 and 45°C temperature, both recombinant enzymes FMN1 and FMN2 were able to decolorize methyl red at 20 and 100 ppm concentrations, respectively. FMN2 was found to be more efficient in decolorization/degradation of methyl red than FMN1. This study offers valuable insights into the possible application of azoreductases to reduce the environmental damage caused by azo dyes, with the hope of contributing to sustainable and eco-friendly practices for the environment management. This enzymatic approach offers a promising solution for the bioremediation of textile industrial effluents. However, the study acknowledges the need for further process optimization to enhance the efficacy of these enzymes in large-scale applications. Implications: The study underscores the environmental hazards associated with untreated release of azo dyes into the environment and emphasizes the potential of azoreductases, specifically those encoded by FMN1 and FMN2 genes, to mitigate the detrimental effects. The study emphasizes the ongoing commitment to refining and advancing the enzymatic approach for the bioremediation of azo dye-containing effluents, marking a positive stride toward more sustainable industrial practices.

Biowaste-alkaline lignin and GO integrated polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane fabrication for Pb2+ and Eosin Y dye removal

The textile industry uses a variety of lead compounds, including lead acetate for textile dyeing, lead chloride for lead salt manufacture, and lead molybdate for pigments. Furthermore, Eosin Y, a water-soluble red dye, is commonly used in textile dyeing and ink production. The presence of Eosin Y dye and lead metal ions in textile industry effluents is prevalent. Integrating adsorbent nanofillers into the membrane matrix serves a dual purpose of membrane filtration and adsorption functionalities. In this study, Lignin/GO incorporated polysulfone composite membranes were fabricated with the phase inversion method and with PEG 6000 as a pore-forming agent. Zeta potential, pure water flux, mechanical strength, and hydrophilicity of the membranes were all improved by the integration of lignin and GO into the membrane matrix. Filtration operations were carried out using an aqueous solution containing both lead (Pb) and Eosin Y dye. Additionally, the influence of their electrostatic interactions on membrane fouling and the regeneration process was examined. The electrostatic interaction, specifically the linking effect between Pb2+ ions and negatively charged Eosin Y molecules, formed larger Eosin-Pb complexes. This led to an enhanced Pb2+ removal through membrane filtration. During the second filtration cycle, the membrane, comprising 0.75 wt% lignin and 0.75 wt% GO, achieved 100 % removal of Pb2+ ions and an 81 % rejection of Eosin Y. A Pb2+ adsorption study was conducted using the optimized lignin/GO membrane. The adsorption process was investigated through Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms exhibiting a superior fit and assured R2 values of 0.977 and 0.994, respectively. According to the isotherm data the adsorption process involves multilayer physisorption. The developed Lignin/GO-incorporated polysulfone composite membranes hold the promise for tackling issues in a variety of domains, including water treatment and biomedical applications, demonstrating versatility and ability to make positive impacts across industries.

Revealing the interface chemistry of polyaniline grafted biomass via statistical modeling of multi-component dye systems: optimization, kinetics, thermodynamics, and adsorption mechanism.

The growing need to examine the adsorption capabilities of innovative materials in real-world water samples has encouraged a shift from single to multicomponent adsorption systems. In this study, a novel composite, PANI-g-SM was synthesized by covalently grafting a lignocellulosic biomass, Saccharum munja (SM) with polyaniline (PANI). The as-synthesized composite was investigated for the simultaneous adsorption of cationic (Methylene Blue (MB); Crystal Violet (CV)) and anionic dyes (Reactive Red 35 (RR); Fast Green FCF (FG)) from four single components and two binary systems, MB + RR and CV + FG. Further, the effect and interaction of pH (2-11), dosage (0.01-0.04g/10mL), and initial concentration (0.0313 to 0.1563mmol/L) on the elimination of dyes by PANI-g-SM were studied through a novel design of Box-Behnken of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique which was found to be highly useful for revealing the chemistry of interfaces in multi-component systems. The extended Langmuir model for the binary system indicated the presence of synergism, as result the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity increased by 44.44%, 645.83%, 67.88%, and 441.07% for MB, RR, CV, and FG dye, respectively. Further, the adsorption process mainly followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the thermodynamic studies revealed the exothermic nature of adsorption for RR and FG dye while endothermic for MB and CV dye, respectively with varying from - 1.68 to - 6.12kJ/mol indicating the spontaneity of the process. Importantly, the efficacy of the composite was evaluated for the treatment of textile industry effluent highlighting its potential as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment.

Adsorptive removal of reactive yellow 145 dye from textile industry effluents using teff straw-activated carbon: RSM-based process optimization

Abstract The study was focused on preparing activated carbon from one of the predominant agro-wastes, teff straw (TS), through chemical activation and investigating the optimum process condition for removing the reactive yellow 145 dye (RY 145) from simulated textile effluent and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from textile industry effluent. The prepared activated carbon (TSAC) was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), point of zero charge (pHpzc), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to optimize the process variables. Optimum parameters for the removal of RY 145 dye were contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and initial dye concentration of 120 min, 2, 0.4 g, and 0.3 g/L, respectively, and 97% removal efficiency was achieved. The experimental data that well-fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while examining isotherms, was the Langmuir model. Furthermore, the TSAC reusability study confirmed that TSAC can be used multiple times in dye removal from wastewater. These results suggested that a low-cost and eco-friendly bio-based adsorbent, TSAC, could be a promising and reusable adsorbent that could be an alternative for commercial activated carbon to be applied in polluted wastewater treatment.

Grafting 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine on microcrystalline cellulose for the adsorption of dyes: Experimental and modeling studies

Textile dyes are one of the most commonly found pollutants in water, and it is necessary to remove them before textile industry effluents are released into the environment. In this study, cellulose-based adsorbents were prepared by grafting N1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-diethylenetriamine (TMSPDETA) on microcrystalline cellulose surface for the adsorption of reactive dyes from aqueous solution. Characterization of the produced adsorbents [Cel@TMSPDETA10; composite of cellulose + TMSPDETA (10% weight)] and the experimental and modeling studies were thoroughly investigated. Based on ΔBIC analysis (Bayesian Information Criterion), the fractal-like pseudo-first-order model (FPFO) was the model with the highest degree of adequacy to describe the kinetic behavior for RR-35 (Reactive Red 35) and RG-19 (Reactive Green 19) dye adsorption on Cel@TMSPDETA10. It was observed that the values of t0.95 (time necessary to attain 95% saturation) of RG-19 dye were 1.81 times slower than those of RR-35. This difference in times to attain 95% saturation of RG-19 with RR-35 could be assigned to the larger size of the RG-19 molecule. Based on the ΔBIC values, the Liu isotherm was better fitted to the experimental data. At 30 °C, the highest Qmax (Liu model) value was 197.0 mg g−1 for RR-35 dye. For RG-19, the highest value of Qmax (Liu model) was 210.5 mg g−1 at 45 °C. Alternatively, a statistical physics model that represents the general case of the Langmuir model was adopted to provide new insights into the adsorption mechanisms of RR-35 and RG-19 dyes on the adsorbents. Interestingly, this new approach showed that RR- 35 was adsorbed via a partial aggregation process, contrary to the RG-19 dyes.

Identification of sulfate reducing bacterial strain from textile industry effluent through 16s rRNA sequencing

Identification of sulfate reducing bacterial strain from textile industry effluent through 16s rRNA sequencing

Evaluation of the Irrigation Water Quality of a Canal Contaminated with Textile Dyeing Industry Effluent

The textile dyeing industries discharge untreated effluent into nearby surface water bodies and introduce large numbers of inorganic, organic toxic compounds containing suspended solids, color, etc., which pose a threat to use for irrigated agricultural lands and human health. The study aimed to assess the irrigation water quality of textile dyeing industry effluent-contaminated canal water. The canal water samples were collected from several locations, analyzed for various physicochemical parameters, and assessed for water quality using multivariate statistical analysis and several water quality indices. The analysis results illustrated that the high levels of electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, Na+, NO3-, PO43-, HCO3-, BOD, and COD in the wastewater samples exceeded the DoE-BD standard limits, indicating a higher level of pollution of the canal water. Concerning heavy metal concentrations, Pb was found to be at a higher level in the water. Moreover, irrigation water quality indices such as permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) were found to be higher than the standard limits. The multivariate cluster analysis showed that the two clusters were found among the eighteen sampling sites that included heavily contaminated sites. The discharge of industrial effluent into canal water has a detrimental effect on agricultural products. The study observed that the canal water is not suitable for irrigation purposes, and thus the textile dyeing industrial effluent must be treated by installing an environmentally friendly effluent treatment plant (ETP) before being dumped into surface water bodies, which will help reduce environmental pollution as well as develop sustainable surface water resource management.

Fatty acid profile variations after exposure to textile industry effluents in Indian Major Carps.

Indian major carps are the widely consumed fish species of Pakistan, being a cheap source of proteins and unsaturated fatty acids, they are good for cardiovascular health. Water pollution due to discharge of untreated industrial waste water into water bodies contaminates this precious source of nutrients. The present study therefore, was aimed to assess deterioration of fatty acid profile of three Indian major carp species due to different concentrations of industrial wastes. The water samples were collected from the river Chenab at the site where it receives industrial wastewater via Chakbandi drain. After exposure to 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5% dilutions of collected water in different aquaria it was observed that proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in selected fish species were decreased significantly as the intensity of the dose increased (P < 0.05). Conversely the level of saturated fatty acids increased with the increasing dose of treatment (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that untreated wastewater not only deteriorate the fatty acid profile of aquatic animals but also these toxic substances can reach human body through fish meat and pose further health hazards. Therefore, it is highly recommended that industrial effluents should be treated before they are dumped into water bodies.

Impact Assessment of Textile Industry Effluent on Water Quality and Health - A Case Study of Hapur District, Western Uttar Pradesh

Abstract: The developmental activities, industrialization and urbanization are responsible for contamination of soil and aquatic system. Textile industry is one of the important and largest industrial sector of India which is responsible for economic growth of nation. Textile industry effluent contain heavy metals, dye, inorganic and organic contaminants and show negative impact on environment and human health. In the present study, survey was conducted in the Pilkhuwa industrial area of Hapur district, western Uttar Pradesh and responses of local residents were collected through questionnaire after interview and group discussion. The local residents reported that water of the Pilkhuwa industrial area is not clean and safe for drinking and most of the people of the area are suffering from various health related disorders such as skin diseases, asthma, and typhoid etc. Hence, there is an urgent need of cost-effective, eco-friendly and sustainable technologies for decontamination of industrial effluent before its release into the environment.

Computational and experimental assessment of efficient dye adsorption method from aqueous effluents by halloysite and palygorskite clay minerals.

The removal of dyes from effluents of textile industries represents a technological challenge, due to their significant environmental impact. The application of halloysite (Hal) and palygorskite (Pal) clay minerals as adsorbents for the removal of Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) was evaluated in this work. The materials were applied both in natural and acid-treated forms, and characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, FTIR, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm techniques to identify their properties and main active sites. The adsorbents showed potential to remove CR (> 98%) and MB (> 85%) within 180min, using 0.3g adsorbent and initial dye concentration of 250mg L-1. Semi-empirical quantum mechanical calculations (SQM) confirmed the interaction mechanism between dyes and the adsorbents via chemisorption (- 69.0kcalmol-1 < Eads < - 28.8kcalmol-1), which was further observed experimentally due to the high fit of adsorption data to pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm (R2 > 0.98). The use of Pal and Hal to remove dyes was proven to be economically and environmentally viable for industrial application.