Industrial Structure Research Articles

How can local government capacity lift the ‘resource curse’? A study from the perspective of industrial structure transformation

Industrial transformation is crucial for sustainable urban development and economic security. Although more studies have analyzed the relationship between resource endowment and urban industrial transformation, they have failed to include the key factor of local government capacity in the analysis. Based on the panel data from 267 cities in China from 2003 to 2018, the study examines the impact of resource endowment on industrial transformation and the role of local government capacity in it by using linear models and panel threshold models. This study finds that resource endowment promotes the development of the secondary industry in urban, but hinders the development of the tertiary industry. There is a moderating effect of local government capacity that mitigates the lock-in effect of resource endowment on industrial transformation. This moderating effect demonstrates heterogeneity among cities with different levels of resource endowment and geographic locations, and the results are robust. Furthermore, this study concludes that under different local government capacity, the moderating effect of local government capacity on the relationship between resource endowment and industrial transformation is nonlinear, and it also finds that the stronger local government capacity is not the better.

Do China's ecological civilization advance demonstration zones inhibit fisheries' carbon emission intensity? A quasi-natural experiment using double machine learning and spatial difference-in-differences

China's National Ecological Civilization Demonstration Zone (NECDZ) policy has a significant role in ensuring national ecological security, and it is essential to investigate how the NECDZ policy affects the carbon emissions intensity of fisheries (CEIF) to advance China's commitment to reducing carbon emissions. This study evaluates the CEIF in 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2021 using ecological civilization demonstration areas as a quasi-natural experiment and double machine learning (DML)to examine the impact and internal mechanisms of NECDZ implementation on the CEIF. We also explore spatial spillover effects using a spatial difference-in-differences approach. The results reveal that NECDZ implementation has a significantly negative impact on the CEIF and this effect continues over time. NECDZ policy potentially affects the CEIF through technology development, industrial structure improvement, and reduced energy consumption. Further investigation reveals that NECDZ implementation has spillover effects and inhibits the CEIF in surrounding regions. Therefore, it is essential to focus on developing the NECDZ policy to enhance fisheries' industrial structure, encourage low-carbon innovation in fishery technologies, and increase energy consumption efficiency. This could be supported by facilitating exchanges and cooperation with other areas, considering regional disparities, and assigning common but distinct responsibility for reducing the CEIF.

The Influence of the Sports Events Industry on Sichuan's Economic Growth

The sports industry occupies an important position in China's national economy, and the sports event industry is its core industry, and its role in regional economic development has received more and more attention from all parties. This paper takes Sichuan Province as an example to discuss the role of sports events in regional development. Firstly, it is a theoretical overview. This paper explores the mechanism of its economic effect from four perspectives: economic growth, industrial structure, regional agglomeration and city brand. Second is the case study. Through the grey correlation analysis of the relationship between sports and tourism industry, using the exponential smoothing method and ARMA method, and establishing a multi-indicator model, it is concluded that sports and tourism industry have the highest correlation and play a positive role in promoting regional development.

Spatio-temporal effects and influence mechanism of digital technology on tourism efficiency in Chinese provinces

Digital technology serves as a new industrial driving force, playing a crucial role in promoting the efficiency of regional tourism. To explore the inherent logic between digital technology and tourism development, the study employed the DEA-BCC model and the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to measure the tourism efficiency and digital technology development level of 31 provinces (municipalities and districts) in China from 2011 to 2022. The evolutionary characteristics of the relationship between digital technology and tourism efficiency were analyzed from the spatio-temporal dimension, and empirical tests were carried out using the spatial error model (SEM) and the spatial lag model (SLM) to explore the mechanism of the impact of digital technology on tourism efficiency. The results show that: during the study period, the overall trend of digital technology development and tourism efficiency is upward, but there is a certain degree of spatial mismatch between the two; digital technology is not only conducive to the improvement of tourism efficiency in the province, but also acts on neighboring provinces through spatial spillover effects, mechanism of action tests show that digital technology can positively moderate the effects of tourism economic growth and tourism industry structure on tourism efficiency; in western and northeast China, the positive effect of digital technology on tourism efficiency is more obvious. The conclusions provide a new perspective for understanding and analyzing the development of provincial tourism in China, as well as a reference for the rational use of digital technology to promote tourism development.

Rethinking the Effects of Smart City Implementation on Industrial Structure Change

Understanding the relationship between smart city implementation (SCI) and industrial structure change is necessary for improving SCI and achieving high-quality development of the urban economy. This study aims to comprehensively investigate how the two core SCI investments—information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and human capital—influence industrial structure. To this end, both SCI investments are measured using composite indexes calculated by the vertical and horizontal scatter degree method, and spatial panel models are applied using data from 156 smart cities in China from 2013 to 2019, classified according to their economic development level and population density. The results show that industrial structure upgrading produces positive spatial spillover effects and that the impacts of SCI investments on industrial structure change vary in different city classifications. Overall, ICT infrastructure promotes the upgrading of industrial structure, while human capital hinders industrial development due to human capital mismatch. Mechanism analysis shows that SCI investments can influence industrial structure through technological innovation and consumption upgrading. Moreover, policy implications are proposed to promote industrial structure upgrading for effective future SCI.

A Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy characterization method based on heterogeneous big data and its application in forest ecological assessment

The under-forest economy is a new agricultural and forestry production mode. It can improve the utilization efficiency of forest land and make full use of forest resources, forest space, and forest ecological environment through different forms of industries such as understory planting and breeding. The under-forest economy has important ecological and economic benefits, significant to rural revitalization and industrial structure adjustment. It has been widely discussed by people in recent years. The forest ecological security level is a core factor to be considered in selecting sites for the under-forest economy. In practice, some forest ecological security evaluation indexes usually show heterogeneous forms. To comprehensively evaluate the level of forest ecological security, this study constructs a new multi-indicator fuzzy evaluation method based on heterogeneous big data. Firstly, a new linguistic scale function is defined to realize the consistent conversion of multi-granularity linguistic information. A Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy aggregation formula for heterogeneous large-scale data is proposed. This formula is used to describe the differences in evaluation information between individuals caused by different knowledge backgrounds of evaluators. Then, the Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy cross-entropy is defined, and it is verified to satisfy the excellent properties. This cross-entropy is applied to determine the objective weights of evaluation indexes. Considering the risk-averse psychology of experts and combining the prospect theory, the MULTIMOORA method in the Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy environment is proposed. Finally, the applicability of the constructed Gaussian interval type-2 fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (GIT2FCE) is verified through a case study conducted on the site selection of the under-forest economic industry.

Transitioning to Green Economic Growth in China: Green Finance and the Mediator of Industrial Structure Upgrading

Transitioning to Green Economic Growth in China: Green Finance and the Mediator of Industrial Structure Upgrading

Will the post-neoliberal era represent a renaissance of industrial districts as we knew them?

We have now entered a post-neoliberal era, characterised by deglobalisation and reindustrialisation to obtain resilience and security in value chains and increase manufacturing capacity in Europe and the US. Europe has not to the same extent suffered from deindustrialisation as the US. Typical examples of the industrial structure in Europe are the ’hidden champions’ of Germany and the industrial districts of the Third Italy. The industrial districts have been exposed to globalisation, resulting in the brake up of the original complete regional value chains through outsourcing in some sectors. However, in general the industrial districts have been surprisingly resilient during the 40 years period of neo-liberalist globalisation illustrating the ‘many possible world view’ of Sabel and Zeitlin (1985). In this contribution we ask what will the new tendencies of deglobalisation, regionalisation and Industry 4.0 digital technology mean for the future of the industrial district model? Will it imply a strengthening of the original form of industrial districts so that this model of (re)industrialisation once again takes on a position as a role model for developed economies. The intention of this letter is to introduce a discussion about this fascinating topic.

Changing of the coordination of socioeconomic development and the environment as sustainable development progresses

The relationship between socioeconomic development and the environment is intimately linked with the level of regional sustainable development. Clarifying the evolution pattern of this relationship during the sustainable development progress is crucial for achieving all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), but less research has focused on this problem. Here, we have utilized statistical and remote sensing data from 290 municipal units in China to analyze the evolution of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between socioeconomic development and the environment along a progression of sustainable development measured by the SDG Index. The results show that the hotspot areas of CCD are concentrated in coastal regions, gradually decreasing as they move inland. Additionally, as sustainable development progresses, both socioeconomic and environment levels exhibit a nonlinear rise. The coupling coordination between the two demonstrates a pattern of initial increasing, then decreasing, and finally increasing again, which may be related to changes in industrial structure. Our study delves deeply into the patterns of evolution in the relationship between socioeconomic and environments, exploring the challenges and opportunities faced by regions at different stages of sustainable development. The findings can deepen our understanding of sustainable development and provide policy suggestions and theoretical support for achieving SDGs.

Fragility analysis of long-span lightweight steel structures subjected to combined earthquake and non-uniform snow loads

Lightweight steel structures are commonly used in industrial facilities due to their low weight, high strength, and excellent performance. The design of these structures for cold regions not only has to consider the effects of earthquakes but also the negative impact of snow loads. Industrial structures often have long spans, and the effects of uneven snow loads cannot be underestimated. However, relatively few studies have focused on the performance of lightweight steel structures under the influence of combined earthquake and non-uniform snow loads. Therefore, this study assessed the seismic fragility of a typical single-span, double-sloped lightweight steel factory under combined earthquake and non-uniform snow loads using incremental dynamic analysis. Non-uniform snow loads, as compared to uniform snow loads, substantially increase the structural displacement responses, thereby increasing the structural failure risk. The improved structural design developed in this study effectively decreases the impact of adverse loading scenarios and enhances the multi-hazard resilience of the structure. Accordingly, these results can serve as an important theoretical guide for enhancing the safety of lightweight steel structures subjected to multiple hazards in cold regions.

Study on the influence of global tourism development on the upgrading of county industrial structure

Taking the global tourism as an important grasp, promoting the tourism to the industrial structure optimization and economic development of the driving force, is conducive to the high-quality development of China's county economy. Based on the panel data of 255 demonstration counties of global tourism in 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2020, and on the basis of analyzing the correlation between the two, this paper empirically tests the relationship between the development of global tourism and the upgrading of county industrial structure by using static panel model and systematic GMM estimation method. It is found that the development of global tourism has a positive and significant impact on the upgrading of county industrial structure, and there are significant differences in this effect between the eastern, central and western regions of China. Therefore, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the upgrading of county industrial structure through the development of global tourism.

METODE PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN PIERHEAD PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN CIKERUH DI JALAN RAYA CIBOLERANG KECAMATAN JATIWANGI KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA

ABSTRAK One of the important structures in the maritime industry, the pierhead construction used for various functions such as loading and unloading ships, stackinggoods, and other logistics activities. Hence, the construction of the pierhead requires careful planning and execution to ensure that the structure is strong, safe, and complies with safety standards and regulations applicable. The aim of carrying out this practical work is to know what is the process and method for implementing pierhead work on the project construction of the Cikeruh bridge on the Ciborelang highway, Jatiwangi District Majalengka Regency, know what tools and materials are used in carrying out pierhead work and how to care for the concrete. In the method of carrying out pierhead work there are eight stages work includes Preparatory Work, ringlock installation, Installation of working floors, concrete work, installation of formwork, pierhead casting, formwork dismantling and concrete maintenance. As for the tools used in carrying out the work Pierheads include: excavators, dump trucks, truck mixers, concrete pumps, pipes tremi, concrete vibrator, air compressor, wood cutting tool, crane, generator generator, hand tools, hand saws, wire cutters and electric drills. Meanwhile, the materials used in carrying out pierhead work namely using FC'40 concrete, reinforcing steel, 3x3 angle cast stop, ringlock, concrete decking, plywood coated with 1 side polyfilm (12 mm and 9 mm thick), profile steel or holow and wood (size 5/7 and 4/6), scaffolding, formwork oil andtie road.

Carbon emission prediction in a region of Hainan Province based on improved STIRPAT model.

In 2020, China pledged carbon reduction targets at the United Nations: peaking emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Research and prediction of regional carbon emissions are crucial for achieving these dual carbon targets across China. This study aims to construct an indicator system for regional carbon emissions and utilize it for forecasting. Analyzing carbon emission data from a specific area in Hainan Province from 2010 to 2020, we established an indicator system. Using the interpretable SHAP model, we assessed indicator importance and trends. Employing an improved STIRPAT model with partial least squares regression to address multicollinearity among influencing factors, we developed a carbon emission prediction model. Based on this, we forecasted carbon emissions from 2021 to 2060 in the specified area under three scenarios: natural, baseline, and ambitious. The results show that the growth of resident population and per capita GDP has the most significant promoting effect on carbon emissions in the region while optimizing industrial structure, energy consumption structure, and reducing energy intensity will inhibit carbon emissions. The prediction results indicate that in the natural scenario, regional carbon emissions will peak in 2035, and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 is not feasible, while the baseline scenario and ambitious scenario can achieve the dual carbon targets on time or even earlier. The research results of this article provide a reference method for predicting carbon emissions in other regions and a guide for future regional emission reduction.

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Regional Energy Transition:Evidence from China

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology advances rapidly, its role in promoting regional energy transformation is becoming increasingly apparent. This paper utilizes regional-level panel data from China, covering the period from 2011 to 2021, to systematically assess the impact of AI development on energy transformation. Using econometric models, including fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, the study reveals that an increase in AI enterprises within a region significantly reduces energy consumption per unit of GDP, thereby accelerating regional energy transition. The analysis identifies two primary channels through which AI exerts this effect: by facilitating the upgrading of the regional industrial structure and by promoting the growth of the digital economy. The findings also show that the impact of AI is more pronounced in highly urbanized regions, particularly in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Additionally, the results highlight that AI-driven reductions in energy consumption are largely achieved through improved efficiency in coal and electricity usage, addressing key structural issues in China's energy landscape.

Re-classification of Small Industrial Enterprises as An Approach to the Development of ‎the Small Business Sector in Iraq

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the impact of the reclassification of small industrial enterprises on the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It seeks to identify the current gaps in the current classification system and propose a new framework that considers the challenges facing these enterprises and contributes to enhancing their competitiveness. Methods: The study adopted the inductive approach to prove the importance of reclassifying industrial projects in Iraq and developing the industrial sector. The clarity of the nature of the industrial structure and its classifications according to a new perspective of classifying the project sizes of the industrial sector is an entry point for the reform of the private industrial sector. Results: The study found that the applied classification of industrial projects, whether small or medium, is not compatible with what is prevailing internationally by adopting it only within small and micro enterprises, which led to a weakness in the industrial performance of the private sector compared to its counterpart in neighboring countries and globally. Conclusion: The reclassification of small industrial enterprises represents a decisive step towards the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It contributes to creating a more sustainable business environment as well as contributing to coordination between the private sector and financial institutions under government supervision and support to attract private sector investments inside the country.

Does rising land price promote the circulation industry development? An analysis of internet-based moderating effects

With the rapid development of the Internet, digital technology is increasingly integrating into the modern circulation system. The influence mechanisms of land prices on the development of the circulation industry are gradually transforming. Using data from 104 major cities in China from 2003 to 2021, this study uses the panel two-way fixed effects model, moderating effects model and threshold regression method to examine the mechanisms by which land prices affect the circulation industry development and the moderating role of Internet development. The results show that elevated land prices significantly stimulate the growth of the circulation industry, leading to an expansion in the circulation industry scale, optimization of its structure, and enhancement of its facilities. The findings remain robust even after addressing endogeneity concerns and conducting various robustness tests. Moreover, the impact of high land prices on the circulation industry is more pronounced in small and medium-sized cities group as well as central region cities group. Real estate investment and industrial structure upgrading are the key channels through which high land prices promote the development of the circulation industry. Additionally, Internet development has a positive moderating effect on the promotion that high land prices stimulate the development of the circulation industry. Notably, only when Internet development surpasses a certain threshold that the promotional effect of land prices on the circulation industry development be fully realized. Based on the above conclusions, the government should continue to deepen the market-oriented reform of land elements, implement precise industrial policy support for the circulation industry and promote circulation digital transformation.

Research on the prediction and realization path of urban carbon peak along the Yellow River Basin

China and the international community attach great importance to sustainable development goals such as peaking carbon emissions. As an important energy base in China, the Yellow River Basin has significant capacity for reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sinks. To accelerate the achievement of carbon peak targets, social and natural development data as well as carbon emission data of 56 cities along the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2021 were analyzed. Based on the evaluation indicators of the model, the PSO-XGBoost-RF model was selected from the comparative models to predict the carbon peak of cities in the Yellow River Basin under different paths. Under the current economic and social development, cities along the Yellow River Basin in China are facing huge pressure to reduce emissions. It is expected to achieve a carbon peak in 2033, with a peak of 2,051,320,000 tons, so the target of reaching the peak of carbon emissions before 2030 will not be accomplished. But through comprehensive optimization of the industrial structure and reduction of energy consumption, cities along the Yellow River Basin as a whole may achieve carbon peak by 2026, with a peak of 1,917,132,000 tons.

Mediating Effect of Leadership and Cost Control between External Environment and Organization Structure the Tourism Industry in Tongliao City Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region the People’s Republic of China

This research aims to study the objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to purpose mediating effect of leadership and cost control between external environment and organization structure of the tourism industry in Tongliao city inner Mongolia autonomous region the people’s republic of china. (2) To investigate the factor direct and indirect among external environment and organization structure of the tourism industry in Tongliao city inner Mongolia autonomous region the people’s republic of china. This study adopts a mixed- method approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative study surveyed 2,851 employees from 35 SMEs in the tourism industry in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, through questionnaire surveys, with a sample of 400 employees. The qualitative research method involved in-depth interviews with 3 senior management personnel.  Major Findings: To investigate and analyze the causal factors influencing the organizational structure of the tourism industry in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, this study conducted a detailed analysis based on the structural equation model shown in the image. According to the model results, the Chi-square value is 248.663, the degrees of freedom are 106, the CMIN/df is 2.346, the sample size is 400, the CFI is 0.954, the NFI is 0.924, the GFI is 0.951, the IFI is 0.955, the RMSEA is 0.043, and the SRMR is 0.048. These indicators demonstrate a good model fit. Specifically, the key influencing factors include Leadership (LEA), Organizational Resources (ORS), Employee Efficiency (EE), and Cultural Construction (CCL). Among them, the impact coefficient of Leadership on Organizational Resources is 0.52, the impact coefficient of Organizational Resources on Employee Efficiency is 0.63, and the impact coefficient of Employee Efficiency on Cultural Construction is 0.75. Additionally, Leadership indirectly influences Cultural Construction through Organizational Resources. These causal relationship data provide important references for optimizing the organizational structure of the tourism industry in Tongliao City.

Assessing the Effects of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment on Green GDP Development in North and South American Regions

This study aims to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the growth of green GDP (GGDP) in North America and South America. The research is based on a comprehensive dataset covering the period from 2009 to 2019, drawn from multiple countries. By employing a two-way fixed-effects model, the study analyzes the effects of key factors, including FDI, trade openness, economic development level, urbanization level, population size, and industrial structure on GGDP growth.The findings indicate that, in North America, both FDI and the level of economic development exert a significant positive influence on GGDP growth, whereas trade openness demonstrates a negative impact, suggesting that increased trade activities may exacerbate environmental pressures. In South America, while the level of economic development shows a significant positive correlation with GGDP, the effect of FDI is not statistically significant. The study recommends that policymakers focus on enhancing the effectiveness of foreign investment and implement stricter environmental protection policies to ensure that trade activities do not adversely affect the environment. Furthermore, there is an urgent need to adjust the current industrial structure to promote a transition toward more sustainable development models. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the importance of ensuring environmental sustainability while fostering foreign investment and economic growth to achieve long-term growth in green GDP.

The Synergistic Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism Economy and Urban Green Development Efficiency in the Yellow River Basin

In the context of the “ecological priority and green development” strategy, examining the co-evolution between the tourism economy and the efficiency of urban green development can offer both theoretical insights and quantitative foundations to support ecological preservation and high-quality development in China’s Yellow River Basin. This research utilized approaches such as the Haken model and the geographically and temporally weighted regression model to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns, synergistic characteristics, and driving factors of the tourism economy and urban green development efficiency within the Yellow River Basin. The findings reveal the following: (1) Regional disparities in the tourism economy are progressively widening, whereas the efficiency of green development tends to decline. Furthermore, both the tourism economy and urban green development efficiency display “high-high clustering” and “low-low clustering” spatially. (2) The synergistic evolution of the two systems displays spatial characteristics of transitioning from polarization to trickle-down effects. (3) Natural factors such as topography and vegetation coverage, as well as human economic factors like industrial structure and the degree of openness, positively promote the synergy. However, elements such as temperature, precipitation, economic development level, and openness to innovation have a certain inhibitory effect on the synergistic evolution.