Industrial Regions Of Russia Research Articles

Simulation of Innovative Resonance in the Industrial Regions

The main purpose of the article is to validate the mathematical models describing the innovative response in the industrial regions. The article gives a deep analysis of trends in the development of the Russian industrial regions, puts forward and tests the following hypotheses: the hypothesis of uneven economic development of different types of industrial regions (regions, strengthening its industrial status, new industrial regions and regions of deindustrialization), the hypothesis of the development identity of certain types of industrial regions, the hypothesis of the catalytic role of the state in the dynamics of innovation, the hypothesis of the existence of the resonance innovation in the economic system. The authors propose the innovative resonance methodology, show the conditions for the resonance in the economic system, describe the types of resonant response. The main methods used are: resonance effects, reproductive techniques and methods of economic-mathematical modelling. In the paper, the authors propose a mathematical formalization of the innovative resonance mechanism in the regional industrial system, which includes: a) the development model of investment by industry and reproductive sectors; b) the dynamic diversified (multi-sectoral) model of reproduction; c) the model of the adaptive management of the innovative self-development of regional industrial system; d) the model of the stability of innovation dynamics and extended reproduction. The authors study the innovative response in the industrial regions of Russia. In the context of innovation resonance, the authors examined the functional industrial policies of a typical industrial region and the resonant responses associated with its implementation. The results of the study presented in the paper can be used in the justification of the mechanisms of the regional industrial policy, as well as for the assessment of the regulatory impact of the existing legal acts.

AN IMAGE OF THE INDUSTRIAL URAL IN RUSSIAN ART IN THE XVIII-XIX CENTURY

The analysis of Russian artworks depicting the industrial Ural is presented in the article. Today Russia suffers deindustrialization that spread all over Europe. Deindustrialization is especially hard for countries with Soviet past, which was concentrated on labor and industry. Study of the history of purely industrial regions of Russia helps to find ways of overcoming a trauma of industrial space conversion. It is also essential for contemporary art practitioners creating projects on basis of former and actual industrial spaces to know the history of art representation of the industrial objects. Results. It is shown the genesis and transformation of the industrial Ural’s image during the XVIII-XIX century. Political importance of the Ural began to grow at the same time with the growth of local industry in the early XVIII century. However, only at the end of the XIX century the Ural acquired a complete image in exhibitions of Denisov-Ural’skiy. The image of the industrial Ural undergone particular changes between the XVIII and XIX century.

Glocalization processes in Russian social work

This article aims to identify the changes in institutions and discourses resulting from global/local interaction in social work in today’s Russia. We consider the contribution of international co-operation to the development of local institutions and discourses, focusing on emerging discrepancies and contradictions between international and local actors. Based on a review of relevant literature and mass media, survey data and interviews with social workers and managers in an industrial region of Russia, we conclude that when global social work values are embedded in local traditions, it can support the development of social work in Russia.

Neoindustrialization of Former Industrial Regions of Russia: The Example of “Titanium Valley"

Russian economy in the 20th century experienced complex transformational processes. Havingintroduced the principles of a market economy, Russia has found itself under pressures of globalizationand neoindustrialization, which have had an effect on the nation’s industrial structure. Globalization hasexpanded state borders and opened the gates for Russian entrepreneurs to conquer world markets in oiland gas, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, engineering and chemical industries. The Urals region of Russiais developing in a very intensive way. The production cluster known as “Titanium Valley” was formedhere. This article throws light on some of the special features of its activity.

Effect produced by innovation dynamics on the development of regional economic system (case study of Sverdlovsk and Novosibirsk oblasts)

The article investigates the dynamics of innovative regional production systems on the basis of the synergistic approach. Innovation dynamics is understood as nonlinear relations between nonequilibrium processes of capital renovation, technological changes, and economic growth in regional industrial systems. An algorithm for nonlinear modeling is proposed featuring a special procedure for data decomposition. Experimental data were partitioned into groups according to the principle of searching for local maxima and minima. A case study of two Russian industrial regions, i.e., Sverdlovsk and Novosibirsk oblasts, is used to show the nonlinear relationship between innovation dynamics and economic growth; maps of innovation dynamics are presented, as well as models of RD an increase in the number of small innovative companies and elements of the innovation infrastructure; positive changes in the technological structure of the regional industrial system; the presence of a unified methodological framework of regional legislation, and some others.

Changes in the atmospheric circulation and environmental pollution in Siberia from the industrial regions of Norilsk and the Urals in the early 21st century

Changes in the anthropogenic impact from two large Russian industrial regions (Norilsk and the Urals) on the environment of Siberia due to the transformation of the atmospheric circulation in the early 2000s are assessed. Five-day trajectories of air mass transport for every day of January, April, July, and October in 1981–2007 calculated by the HYSPLIT-4 model with the NOAA reanalysis database (NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Data Files) are used to analyze the transport of anthropogenic aerosols. Rosgidromet (Russian Hydrology and Meteorology Center) information on atmospheric emissions from the regions under study is used. Seasonal and long-term variations in the average concentrations of anthropogenic heavy metals (Pb, Ni, and Cu) from those sources in near-surface air and the average flows of pollutants onto the surface were estimated for different Siberian sites. Differences between the 2000s and the 1990s are characterized by various mosaic spatial patterns in different seasons. From the viewpoint of pollution of surface environments and objects, the effect from the transformation of the atmospheric circulation may be comparable (but opposite) with that from changes in source emissions, which decreased in the studied decades. Annual depositions of heavy metals (only from the two sources) onto the catchment area of every large Siberian river (Ob, Yenisei, and Lena) are comparable with the flows of these metals in the river run-off.

Dysregulation of cardiac sinus pace-making activity in cardiopathy with underlying pneumoconiosis

Pneumoconiosis has one of the leading positions in occupational pathology at most industrial regions of Russia. This disease is characterized by torpid, slowly progressive course. The most frequent cause of death of working-aged patients with pneumoconiosis is the heart involvement. Using rhythmocardiography, the present authors have detected autonomic cardioneuropathy which is a pathogenic basis for early clinical manifestations of ischaemic heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Mixing states of individual aerosol particles in spring Arctic troposphere during ASTAR 2000 campaign

The present study mainly focuses on the mixing states of aerosol constituents and their vertical distribution in spring Arctic troposphere during the ASTAR 2000 campaign (T. Yamanouchi et al., Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation (ASTAR) campaign: An overview and first results, submitted to Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2002) (hereinafter referred to as Yamanouchi et al., submitted manuscript, 2002). Sulfate and soot were identified as major aerosol under both Arctic haze and background conditions, and sea‐salts are major only in lower troposphere (<3 km above sea level). Mineral/dusts and unknown species were obtained as minor constituents during the ASTAR 2000 campaign. Airborne aerosol measurements were carried out under the Arctic haze (23 March), and aerosol‐enriched (20 March and 12 April) conditions. The highest relative abundance of soot (∼94.7%) was observed in free troposphere on 23 March, when the heaviest Arctic haze condition during the ASTAR 2000 campaign (Yamanouchi et al., submitted manuscript, 2002) was transported directly from Russian industrial regions to the measuring area for several days. Moreover, whereas the external mixing of soot and sulfate dominated under the Arctic haze and aerosol enriched conditions, in the background conditions the internal mixing is dominant. On the other hand, most of aerosol particles containing sulfate had the external mixing states with soot and other aerosol constituents in the free troposphere under both the Arctic haze and background conditions. Sea‐salts are dominant only in the lower troposphere (<3 km asl), although a few sea‐salt particles were observed in the middle‐upper troposphere (3–7 km). Some sea‐salt particles were modified (Cl− depleted) in the lower troposphere (<3 km) during the ASTAR 2000 campaign.

Environmental Pollution and Population Health in the Industrial Regions of Russia

Presenting Author: Yelena A. Belozerova; Center for Independent Ecological Programs; Moscow, Russia