Industrial Health Program Research Articles

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN GEJALA GANGGUAN SISTEM PERNAPASAN AKIBAT PAPARAN DEBU SILIKA (SiO2) PADA AREA HAND MOULDING I, HAND MOULDING II, HAND MOULDING III, FETLING DAN MELTING PEKERJA PABRIK 1 PENGECORAN PT BARATA INDONESIA (PERSERO)

Silikosis merupakan penyakit ganguan pernapasan paling utama yang dialami oleh pekerja pengecoran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala gangguan sistem pernapasan akibat paparan debu silika (SiO2) Pada Area Hand Moulding I, Hand Moulding II, Hand Moulding III, Fetling dan Melting Pekerja Pabrik 1 Pengecoran PT Barata Indonesia (Persero). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner yang disebar pada area HM I, HM II, HM III, Fetling dan Melting. Hasil kuisioner yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan uji analitik chi square. Sebanyak 15 orang responden laki-laki atau 50% mengalami gangguan pernafasan. Bedasarkan hubungan gangguan pernafasan yang dihubungkan dengan pekerja yang memiliki aktivitas merokok dan mengalami gangguan pernafasan sebanyak 7 orang (p value 0,2960,05;OR:2.139). Pekerja dengan masa kerja 2-4 tahun sebanyak 13 orang dan masa kerja 4 tahun sebanyak 4 orang (p value 0,9770,05;OR:1.122). Pekerja yang berpendidikan SMA yaitu sebanyak 14 orang (p value : 0,3070,05) dan pekerja yang mempunyai riwayat dahulu 14 orang (p value : 0,0020,05;OR :17.500) . Hasil dari uji berbagai faktor diatas membuktikan bahwa faktor riwayat pekerjaan dahulu mempunyai tingkat hubungan paling kuat yaitu 0,002 dan mempunyai risiko 17 kali lebih besar dari pada yang tidak memiliki riwayat pekerjaan dahulu. Faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan gejala gangguan sistem pernapasan akibat paparan debu silika (SiO2) pada Area HM I, HM II, HM III, Fetling dan Melting Pekerja Pabrik 1 Pengecoran PT Barata Indonesia (Persero) adalah aktivitas merokok, masa kerja dan pendidikan, sedangkan faktor yang berhubungan adalah riwayat pekerjaan yang dimiliki pekerja.

Predictors of health-related quality of life among industrial workers: A descriptive correlational study.

Assessment and evaluation of the health-related quality of life of industrial workers is an important research focus. This descriptive correlational study identifies the predictors of health-related quality of life using a random sampling of industrial workers (n=640) from construction factories in Amman Governorate in Jordan using demographic characteristics, a health and work-related factors questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief scale. Results showed that industrial workers had good physical health but a poor working environment. There was a statistically significant relationship between educational level, conflict between work and individual life and work and social life, working hours, and workload, and all domains of health-related quality of life. Overall, educational level was the main predictor for all domains of health-related quality of life. Such results confirm the need to develop appropriate interventions and strategies to improve workers' health-related quality of life. Furthermore, developing an integrated approach among policymakers, employers, and work organizations to enhance industrial workers' occupational health programs could be effective.

A rural dental health promotion plan in Japan: An interim evaluation of dental health in the Nagano Prefecture health promotion movement “Health Grade Up NAGANO 21”

The Nagano Prefecture health promotion program “Health Grade Up Nagano 21” contains specific goals for dental health. These goals were evaluated in 2004, the middle the health promotion project period. Concerning the program's main goals, the proportion of 3-year-old children without caries of deciduous teeth improved from 63.6% (baseline) to 71.4% in 2004. DMFT index at 12 years old fell from 2.3 (baseline) to 1.6 in 2004. Thus, the main targets generally improved, although certain areas require further improvement. For infants, we strongly advocate that parents refrain from giving sugary foods between meals. For school-aged children, it is necessary to provide personal guidance about how to clean the teeth and oral cavity and to stress the importance of the fluoride application program. For adults, we need to further encourage periodic dental health check-ups, and it is also necessary to cooperate with industrial health programs on this matter. It is important for us to develop a plan to improve these areas.

Industrial and Occupational Environment and Health

In 1940, the labor force of the united states included fifty-three million persons, or 40 per cent of the population. This large group of workers is a major group to consider in improving the health status of our population and in providing services for the maintenance of good health. Perhaps the most logical approach in the problem of social medicine is to work with this group, to study the problems of these workers and to build a satisfactory health program. An excellent opportunity is provided to determine the influence of the industrial and occupational environment on health by the study of the physical condition of workers through pre-employment and periodic examinations and of rates of illness and injury and of death. Preventive and treatment services may be integrated. Industrial plants employ a large proportion of the members of the labor force. These workers report for work each day and it is possible to obtain records of illnesses and injuries. Although the opportunity exists, little progress has been made in the United States in the study of morbidity and mortality statistics of industrial workers. The first step would be to learn the frequency of illness and injury and the death rate of these workers. Such information should be used for the development of complete industrial health programs. Selected material relating to industrial and occupational environment and health from morbidity and mortality statistics will be used in this discussion. This paper has been divided into three sections, namely, (1) Studies of Mortality Statistics, (2) Studies of Morbidity Statistics, and (3) Summary and Recommendations.

Occupational health programs in United States naval shipyards

World War II marked the beginning of an immense shipyard industry in the United States whose goal was to build and maintain a “Two-Ocean Navy.” Employment at the eight Naval Shipyards in 1941 increased dramatically. For example, one of the largest Naval Shipyards during this period, Mare Island, California, grew from a 1938 yard force of 5000 to 16,000 workers in 1941. Eventually this yard would employ over 40,000 (1). Production and repair activities soared. Work went on around the clock. The wartime shipyard was indeed a bedlam of activity. This then was the climate of intense industrial activity that caused the need for industrial health programs in Naval Shipyards. The Secretary of the Navy allotted 1% of the productive payroll to occupational health programs during the war years. Expanded medical services were planned for each Naval shipyard. The industrial health program established included safety and the medical departments. The medical department was directed by a medical officer, who reported to the Shipyard Commanding Officer. The special newly established industrial hygiene office in each medical department is of interest. These were the first industrial hygiene billets in the Navy. Young naval officers, recently trained at crash industrial hygiene/occupational medicine courses at Harvard and Columbia Universities, were assigned to these shipyard offices and other Navy industrial facilities. A major service of the Medical Department was preplacement and periodic medical examinations. Periodic examinations were generally determined by OCCUpation or job classification. A critical service was the treatment of industrial illness and injuries. Yard production time was indeed very valuable. It was reported that at least one Navy hygienist could often be found waiting in a restroom to collect urine samples for coproporphyrin analysis-thus eliminating a timeconsuming trip to the dispensary. The safety program was very important in the wartime shipyard. This program was often accorded greater priority than industrial hygiene for obvious reasons.

Screening of occupational environment: a critique of exposure limits.

IT was once said that physicians should be concerned with people. not sick air. That cannot be the philosophy of industrial physicians. Any occupational health program that is dedicated to a philosophy other than employee health maintenance is doomed to failure. To successfully achieve that goal requires the concerted efforts of not only the multidiscipline industrial health team, but the active cooperation of an enlightened management, willing to alter processes and facilities as needed to provide a safe environment and lending active support to the industrial health program.

Development of an objective psychological test for the determination of the coronary-prone behavior pattern in employed men

An overt behavior pattern described by investigators of the Harold Brunn Institute of the Mt. Zion Hospital and Medical Center, San Francisco, has been shown in several studies to be associated both with prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease. The coronary-prone behavior pattern is characterized by intense striving for achievement, competitiveness, aggressiveness, pressures for vocational productivity, excessive sense of time urgency, impatience and restlessness. Because of the importance of this behavior pattern in predicting risk to coronary heart disease, a rapid, objective method for measuring the pattern is needed for use in epidemiologic studies and for mass-screening in industrial health programs. This paper describes the development of a self-administered, machine-scored psychological test to measure this behavioral pattern. The present form of the test questionnaire distinguishes at high levels of statistical significance between groups of men clinically judged to manifest the coronary-prone behavior pattern and those groups judged not to manifest the pattern. Categorization of individuals is also promising. A series of validity studies using biological and medical criteria is underway.

Motivation Problems Related to Secondary Prevention in Industrial Mental Health

Efforts at secondary prevention (early case finding and treatment) made during an industrial mental health project were less successful in securing follow-through of treatment recommendations than the more traditional consultation by a psychiatrist. The authors suggest a new kind of industrial mental health program, combining the two approaches and carried out in two stages—the first by supervisory personnel in the plant and the second by medical personnel with consultation from mental health specialists.

The Goals and Benefits of an Industrial Health Program from the Medical, Nursing and Environmental Aspects

The Goals and Benefits of an Industrial Health Program from the Medical, Nursing and Environmental Aspects

The Economic Value of an Industrial Health Program

The Economic Value of an Industrial Health Program

Recent Sociologic Trends in Medical Practice

• Both industrial health plans and union health programs have been expanding to the point where each is now expressing its concern with the health of the whole man. In some instances, management has had to supply medical service that was not available in the community. Union health plans similarly run the gamut of possibilities, some offering only insurance and others providing medical care. The conference method is a good and safe way to promote understanding and make genuine progress. Representatives of state medical societies, of management, and of labor have found it possible to discuss the basic issues frankly, and the meetings tend to dispel animosities and foster mutual respect.

The development of community health services.

TODAY S PRACTICE of providing community health services through local units was developed nearly a half century ago. It was well suited to the most critical health problems of that time and has continuously proved its value in bringing public health to the people. In recent years. however, there has been little extension of the traditional pattern of local health services. Many parts of the country still have no organized local health services. Other areas have services which are only fragmentary in nature. This may stem from the many changes in health problems which have occurred over the years. It may be that new and additional resources-such as voluntary health agencies. industrial health programs, insurance schemes, and other prepayment plansare now providing, more acceptably, some services which in the past were supplied by the health department. Or perhaps the greater interest of private physicians in preventive medicine coupled with better methods of communication and transportation and increased public enlightenment regarding the individual's own responsibility for his personal health have reduced the need for organized health departments. Whatever the cause might be in view of the many changes which have occurred, both in health problems and in resources for meeting them the entire concept and structure for the delivery of community health services should be reexamined.

Medicine's expectations and responsibilities in an industrial health program.

Medicine's expectations and responsibilities in an industrial health program.

Recent sociologic trends in medical practice.

• Both industrial health plans and union health programs have been expanding to the point where each is now expressing its concern with the health of the whole man. In some instances, management has had to supply medical service that was not available in the community. Union health plans similarly run the gamut of possibilities, some offering only insurance and others providing medical care. The conference method is a good and safe way to promote understanding and make genuine progress. Representatives of state medical societies, of management, and of labor have found it possible to discuss the basic issues frankly, and the meetings tend to dispel animosities and foster mutual respect.

The Industrial Nurse's Annual Report

E VERY nurse who is in charge of an industrial health program should be responsible for compiling an annual report of her department's activities. The report serves as an excellent tool for evaluating the health program, and it gives the employer some insight into his employees' needs and problems. In addition, it can be used to help educate personnel who, when they see the facts, become more concerned not only about the company's health program but also about their own work and records regarding injury, absenteeism, and so forth. Although the annual report is distributed only at the end of the year, planning throughout the entire 12month period is essential. Accurate records of all activities must be kept daily. These activities include first-aid treatment followed by referral to a physician, home visits, office interviews including the counseling of employees regarding their health problems, and meetings on safety and health. If the nurse's functions include evaluation of safety and sanitation facilities she may list these also. Keeping records is very time-consuming. The industrial nurse should request the service of a clerk-either full time or part time-to help her keep the essential records so that she may devote her time to nursing. A daily statistical report of em-

The Practical Application of Human Relations in Industrial Health Programs

The Practical Application of Human Relations in Industrial Health Programs

Industrial Health and Medical Programs: Statements, Tables, and Charts. Margaret C. Klem , Margaret F. McKiever , Walter J. Lear

<i>Industrial Health and Medical Programs: Statements, Tables, and Charts</i>. Margaret C. Klem , Margaret F. McKiever , Walter J. Lear

Industrial Health and Medical Programs, Statements, Tables, and Charts.

A composite of publications in the field of industrial health collected by the authors and edited by them is presented in this volume. The text consists of direct quotations and charts from the original articles, uniquely arranged to give continuity to the material. The volume is divided into eight sections dealing with various phases of industrial medicine and contains a wealth of material both as text and as statistical charts. Section II develops the chronological recognition of the need for medical programs in industry. Other sections concern the organization, personnel, and costs of plant or industrial medical programs for both small and large groups. Charts are included indicating the seasonal incidence of disease in industry, age factors in absenteeism, and numerous other details. Floor plans and equipment for industrial health units are suggested. While limited in its scope in terms of the needs of the practicing physician, this volume is

Industrial Health and Medical Programs

Industrial Health and Medical Programs

Industrial Health and Medical Programs

Industrial Health and Medical Programs