Industrial Development In Taiwan Research Articles

Pacing for Renewable Energy Development: The Developmental State in Taiwan’s Offshore Wind Power

Since the 2008 global financial crisis, a green economy has been promoted as a way to foster sustainable development and eradicate poverty at the same time. Many states have become more active in investing in renewable technologies and allocating capital to renewable energy development. With the rapid growth of the green economy in East Asian countries (e.g., China, South Korea, and Taiwan), however, there is a strong state presence in green economic development. These East Asian developmental states have gone beyond capital allocation and fostering new technologies. Furthermore, the developmental states have invented or reinvented with new means and measures to intervene in the building of a green economy. This article thus focuses on how the Asian developmental state has evolved through renewable energy development. By employing Taiwan’s offshore wind power development as a case study, this article stresses three main arguments. First, although Taiwan’s developmental state has become more restricted under neoliberalization, policy tools have been reinvented or altered to fulfill the objective of local industrial development in Taiwan. Second, the state intervenes in new energy industry development not merely through policy tools, but also its control over infrastructures. Third, by treating offshore wind power development as a green societal mission, the state is thus able to reunite its developmentalist drive for growth with the rising environmentalist demand for energy transition, sustaining its dominant role in the emerging green economy. Key Words: developmental state, energy transition, infrastructures, offshore wind power, Taiwan.

Development Strategies of Autonomous Vehicles in Taiwan

Autonomous vehicles can reduce traffic accidents, traffic congestion and parking demand and hence have great potential to become a major transportation mode in the near future. The potential market for autonomous vehicles is huge. Therefore, it is a necessity to develop strategies so as to outperform in this highly competitive world market. This research employs SWOT method to generate 14 criteria for the development of autonomous vehicles. Then, a decision-making method called “Decision Making and Trial Evaluation Laboratory-based Analytic Network Process” (DANP) is used to prioritize these criteria. Results show that two criteria that are strengths–Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and complete supply chain of Information and Communication Technology (ICT ) – should be treated with priority and another criterion – lack of own auto-brand and first-tier supplier – is not the focus. The result is fully coincident with the real situation of industrial development in Taiwan and can be a good reference for Taiwan’s government.

Governing the Economic Transition: How Taiwan Transformed its Industrial System to Attain Virtuous Cycle Development

AbstractThis study explores the transitional processes of Taiwan's innovation system over the past half century, evolving from being rooted in traditional industries to attaining development in a virtuous cycle of development. Our approach is inspired by the Arena of Development theory and acknowledges the system of transformation failures, in which we highlighted the types of failures that might impede economic progress and how they were overcome in the evolutionary targeting of Taiwan's industrial development. Our findings demonstrate that the success of Taiwan's economic transition is targeted on, and evolves with, a series of macrolevel policies in the early phase of development; mesolevel institutional mechanisms to attain the industrial emergence settings; and, in pursuit of the virtuous cycle of development, the microlevel collaboration platform. We attribute the success of Taiwan's industrial system to this series of systematic government interventions. This study provides novel and salient normative principles that guide transformational policymakers in governing transitional processes of innovation system.

Occupational Neurotoxic Diseases in Taiwan

Occupational neurotoxic diseases have become increasingly common in Taiwan due to industrialization. Over the past 40 years, Taiwan has transformed from an agricultural society to an industrial society. The most common neurotoxic diseases also changed from organophosphate poisoning to heavy metal intoxication, and then to organic solvent and semiconductor agent poisoning. The nervous system is particularly vulnerable to toxic agents because of its high metabolic rate. Neurological manifestations may be transient or permanent, and may range from cognitive dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, Parkinsonism, sensorimotor neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction to neuromuscular junction disorders. This study attempts to provide a review of the major outbreaks of occupational neurotoxins from 1968 to 2012. A total of 16 occupational neurotoxins, including organophosphates, toxic gases, heavy metals, organic solvents, and other toxic chemicals, were reviewed. Peer-reviewed articles related to the electrophysiology, neuroimaging, treatment and long-term follow up of these neurotoxic diseases were also obtained. The heavy metals involved consisted of lead, manganese, organic tin, mercury, arsenic, and thallium. The organic solvents included n-hexane, toluene, mixed solvents and carbon disulfide. Toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide were also included, along with toxic chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, organophosphates, and dimethylamine borane. In addition we attempted to correlate these events to the timeline of industrial development in Taiwan. By researching this topic, the hope is that it may help other developing countries to improve industrial hygiene and promote occupational safety and health care during the process of industrialization.

Spin-off strategies and performance: A case study of Taiwan’s Acer group

This study bridges a gap in current literature by providing empirical evidence of factors affecting the performance of non-academic spin-offs originating from the Acer Group in Taiwan. The Acer Group is the epitome of Taiwan's industrial development over the past 30 years. This study utilizes the spin-offs of the Acer Group to empirically analyze the influences on spin-off performance, demonstrating that the performance of a spin-off is significantly correlated with the number of years of service of the CEO in the parent company, as well as the method of company establishment, sources of company technology and number of items shared in common with the parent company. The analytical results obtained by this study highlight two issues. First, spin-off performance is likely to be enhanced if its operations are linked to those of the parent, and if the CEO has a long history of involvement with the parent, feeding his/her ability to tap into the resources of the parent. Second, a spin-off performs better during its initial stages if it is an internal venture spun out from the parent company with its technology researched and developed within the parent.

Evaluation of thermal power plant operational performance in Taiwan by data envelopment analysis

Abstract Electricity is essential in the economic development of a nation. Due to the rapid growth of economy and industrial development in Taiwan, the demand for use of electricity has increased rapidly. This study evaluates the power-generation efficiency of major thermal power plants in Taiwan during 2004–2006 using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. A stability test was conducted to verify the stability of the DEA model. According to the results, all power plants studied achieved acceptable overall operational efficiencies during 2004–2006, and the combined cycle power plants were the most efficient among all plants. The most important variable in this DEA model is the “heating value of total fuels”. Findings from this study can be beneficial in improving some of the existing power plants and for more efficient operational strategies and related policy-making for future power plants in Taiwan.

IT Industrial Development in Taiwan and the Constraints on Environmental Mobilization

ABSTRACTStudies in the development of high‐tech industries have shown low levels of community involvement and environmental mobilization. In contrast to the tenets of social movement theories, it seems that the openness of political systems and the tactics of social movements are not enough to lead to increased grassroots environmental resistance in the context of high‐tech development. This article uses the example of high‐tech electronic development in Hsinchu, Taiwan, to examine why and how grassroots activism has been impeded in the past two decades. The article highlights the industrial characteristics and processes within the information technology sector, and analyses existing obstacles to environmental mobilization in the context of a fast‐growing high‐tech economy. It argues that a unique IT development structure has dramatically changed local social characteristics in a way that constrains grassroots mobilization in public social agendas. It also shows how the influential and rapidly expanding IT sector has come to dominate resource‐use in the area, leaving opposing forces more powerless than ever.

The Ignored Efforts: Building a Foundation for Taiwan's Industrial Development, 1945–1952

The Ignored Efforts: Building a Foundation for Taiwan's Industrial Development, 1945–1952

The R&D system for industrial development in Taiwan

The research and development (R&D) system for industrial development in Taiwan is made up of three parts: industrial firms, government-supported institutes (GSIs), and academic institutes and universities. The Taiwanese experience showed that the effective interaction of the GSIs and the industrial firms has successfully supported the development of its industry. The Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) played the key role in industrial development during recent decades. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of ITRI and the way in which it fulfills its role through an examination of its major tasks. The implications for developing countries are also discussed.

SNAKE VENOM SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR C. Y. LEE LECTURE BY A. T. TU ON OCTOBER 31, 2003: SNAKE VENOM RESEARCH IN TAIWAN BEFORE 1945 (DURING JAPANESE COLONIAL DAYS)

Snake venom research before 1945 in Taiwan is summarized. The year of 1945 had significant meaning in the history of Taiwan because this was the year Japanese colonial rule ceased. From this year on, Taiwanese scientists started their own work. During the colonial days, the Japanese developed Taiwan into a modern society, making a foundation for future industrial development in Taiwan. Taiwan has been recognized as the world leader in snake venom research. Alpha and beta bungarotoxins were discovered by Dr. C. Y. Lee in Taiwan. Taiwan had very strong snake venom research before 1945 because of Professor Tsungming Tu's extensive research. Therefore, it is worthwhile to review the origin of snake venom research in Taiwan before 1945.Taiwan has been recognized as the world leader in snake venom research. Among many venom scientists in Taiwan, Dr. C. Y. Lee was one of the most outstanding scientists.Snake venom research in Taiwan started in the early part of the 1930s. The active venom research could be traced to Professor Somei To (Tsungming Tu). In this review article, snake venom research in Taiwan before 1945 will be described.

Organisation innovation and entrepreneurship: the role of the national laboratories in promoting industrial development

The development of IC industry in Taiwan began with a technology transfer from the USA based RCA Company, which was conducted by Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). ITRI's Technology Transfer Team (TTT) members were first incubated in the National Laboratories at ITRI, and then dispatched to spin-off companies in the Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park (HSIP). Many of these TTT members are now the CEOs of leading companies within the IC industry. The aim of this study is to examine how ITRI's Electronics Research and Service Organization (ERSO) shaped R&D engineers into technical entrepreneurs (Technopreneurs) and how ERSO has promoted Taiwan's industrial development. This study uses in-depth interviews with 16 TTT members, combined with critical incident analysis of historical documents to support the following themes: 1. ERSO/ITRI's organisational innovation inspired IC technopreneurs to realise the Innovative Spirit and Technopreneurship. This was done by ERSO's adoption of new-enlightened experimentation procedures, by ERSO's cultivation of the Innovative Spirit of technopreneurs under transformational leadership and by ERSO's innovative climate. Besides, the all-purpose training of operation executives was conducted in an environment that simulated market and business operations, which perfected the managing skills of these technopreneurs. 2. As national laboratories in Taiwan, ERSO has contributed human capital and social capital to the development of IC industry in Taiwan and it has also effectively linked Taiwan's common innovative infrastructure with the geographical advantages of individual industrial clustering, thus creating the national innovative capability of Taiwan's IC industry.

Island-based catchment?The Taiwan example

Rapid economic and industrial development in Taiwan over the past five decades has elevated the island’s standing and earned it a place in the group known as the Four Small Dragons of Asia. Such growth, however, has been at the expense of the environment. There are currently nearly 23 million people juggling for space on the small island of 35,873 km2. Aggravating the matter further, the central mountain ranges and hills take up 73.6% of the land area with some 156 peaks surpassing 3,000 m. As a result, most people live in coastal plains which amount to only 9,490 km2. Pressure to move people inland has led to road construction and deforestation, both of which have contributed to an already high denudation rate of topsoil. As a consequence of this, thirteen rivers in Taiwan are now ranked among the top 20 worldwide in terms of sediment yield. Aside from this, the frequency of both floods and droughts increased prior to 1990, perhaps because of deforestation and global warming. Fortunately, the new conservation-orientated forest management policy of 1991 has alleviated the problem, somewhat, and the occurrence of floods and droughts has since decreased. The problem of water shortage, however, has worsened because of the warming trend in atmospheric temperature. Damming may ameliorate the water shortage problem but may affect the shoreline stability, as well as the ecology and water quality in the estuaries. Furthermore, these detrimental effects may go far beyond the estuaries, and even fisheries on the continental shelves may be affected.

Steel – foundation stone for the industrial development in Taiwan

This paper presents the development, actual status of steel industry and research in Taiwan.

Inter-Firm Networks and Industrial Development in the Global Manufacturing System: Lessons from Taiwan

AbstractThe link between inter-firm networks and industrial development in Taiwan has rarely been conspicuously identified in the extant literature. This paper highlights the existence of such a link, first in the labour-intensive phase of industrialisation from early 1960s to late 1970s, and then in the current phase of technology-intensive industrial development in Taiwan. However, established forms of inter-firm networks within and across the Taiwanese border have structural limitations to generate innovation from within the networks. This impedes further development of Taiwan’s industries, in particular those which are more technology-intensive. Using the information technology industry as a case study, this paper examines the role of the state and the private businesses in fostering the formation of newer forms of inter-firm networks which contribute to Taiwan’s further industrial development.

Document The Development and Upgrading of Manufacturing Industries in Taiwan

This document outlines the current industrial upgrading strategies of Taiwan's Industrial Development Bureau, the institution widely recognized as the driving force behind Taiwan's industrial miracle. As well as covering the current development framework, envisaged goals, infrastructural advancements, and the package of promotional measures, the document outlines Taiwan's strategy for promoting the top ten “emerging industries” designated to become central pillars of Taiwan's industrial activity in the 21st century.

Locating Groundwater at Ta-Kang-Shan and Ping-Ting Sites by Geoelectric Methods

A great population growth and rapid industrial development in Taiwan have placed ever increasing demands on the water supply. In fact, since the yield of known aquifers can no longer meet the current needs, new reservoirs must be found for emergency use, especially in those areas with a short of water. Traditionally, the selection of well sites in Taiwan was based on lineaments shown in aerial photographs and on the topographic conditions of a site. As much as this was successful in the past, the number of potential aquifers today continues to decrease rapidly. Conventional groundwater exploration methods do not give satisfactory results; and locating an aquifer by geoelectric represents a significant challenge. However, the combined geoelectric method and conventional methods provides a better approach for site evaluation, especially in those areas of water shortage. In this paper, it will be shown the way by which geoelectric methods are applied to locate aquifers in poor water storage areas and highlight the propriety of such methods used during this survey. In so doing, useful information as to the aquifer characterization will be acquired. Two selected sites in this study have different geologic settings; one in a volcanic area, the other in a hilly area. All the geoelectric features obtained in these areas not only delineate the water bearing zones clearly but also indicate the depth extent accurately.

Technology transfer and industrial development in Taiwan

Taiwan, in spite of its limited land and natural resources, has achieved remarkable economic growth during the past four decades. Taiwan's gross domestic product (GDP) has grown 40 times and its industrial production has increased 87 times. The Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan (ITRI) has played important roles in transferring applied technologies to industry. This diffusion of technologies, along with the government's efforts toward industrialization, has helped create a strong national economy in Taiwan.

An Overview Of Policy Priorities For Industrial Development In Taiwan

Taiwan's industrial development policies can be decomposed into three periods over the past four decades. The first is the period before 1980 when industrial policy gradually shifted from import substitution to export expansion; the next period is in the 1980s, when various government policies were introduced to encourage accumulation of capital and to enhance RD and the most recent period is the 1990s, when special targeted industrial development programs have been introduced to strengthen Taiwan's overall industrial competitiveness in the world market. This paper examines and explains the evolution of these policy changes.