Industrial Design Research Articles

Effects of the Anthropometrical Variables on Swimming Performance

Anthropometrical word generated from ancient Greek word. Anthropos represent human and matron represent measurement. Anthropology mainly purposes for the identification of human body measurement. Anthropology is systematic process which involves the primary dimensional properties of human body like body weight, Arm length, Foot length etc. Its include shape and size of the human body. In today era Anthropometrical play’s major role in measurement of human body such as shape and size. Anthropometry helps in different field like clothing design industrial design. Anthropometry history contains different types of thought like such as scientific biological criminology, paleoanthropology, biological anthropology and it create correlation between mental typology personality and other factors. In different time period of history, applications of anthropometry have ranged scientific description and epidemiological analysis to rationales for eugenics for social movements Swimming is team game and also an individual game which use the one entire body to move in the water. swimming is kind of expensive game it required large amount of infrastructure. Its only perform in open water like sea or lake and standard swimming pool. In swimming is more popular in Olympics .in swimming different type of stroke are there like freestyle stroke, breast stroke, butterfly stroke, back stroke etc. swimmers players have to perform different kind of stroke in different event and also only in individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.

Flow Field Analysis within Industrial Quenching Tanks Operated with Aqueous Polymer Solutions in the Steel Industry

Abstract Quenching with polymer solutions for steel heat treatment offers adjustable performance and improved ecological impact compared to conventional water or oil quenching. The submersion cooling operation poses challenges due to the intense vapor/polymer film collapse on the component surface, potentially destabilizing batch components. Therefore, controlled recirculation is critical to preventing tank and specimen damage during cooling and ensuring effective steel hardening. However, flow structure analysis is often overlooked and disregarded in industrial tank design. Thus, this study evaluates the tank geometries of two partner industries to determine if they provide the necessary homogeneous flow for optimal quenching. The analysis combines experimental velocity measurements with a numerical model, with the identification of different flow intensity regions being the main outcome of this work. The results suggest that geometric modifications could improve flow recirculation, enhancing quenching performance.

Assessing the internationalization dynamics of emerging markets: a comprehensive analysis utilizing SWARA-WASPAS techniques

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the internationalization of countries represented in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index. The evaluation considers high-technology product imports, foreign direct investments, research and development expenditures, patent and industrial design applications, exports and gross domestic product (GDP) data, representing production. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method to assess and rank the criteria for evaluating emerging markets. Four academics who are authorities in the field of foreign trade were consulted to weigh the criteria. The Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, considered one of the most reliable and robust MCDM techniques, was then used to evaluate and rank the countries. Findings The findings obtained during the research process reveal the internationalization dynamics of these countries based on the indicators they possess. As a result, it is observed which countries achieve higher performance in the internationalization process based on relevant criteria. Originality/value This study is theoretically unique and valuable as it simultaneously offers the potential for development to macro-level international trade theories, such as the technologic deficit hypothesis, and meso-level internationalization theories, such as the Uppsala model. Additionally, integrated multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, which are not frequently used in cross-country studies, have been used, and the performance of emerging markets has been ranked. The findings obtained from this application distinguish the research from the existing literature by transforming it into a performance ranking rather than focusing on the antecedents or consequences of internationalization and their interactions.

Cohort-based programs facilitate skill development and community building for postdoctoral scholars: a pilot study

Postdoctoral scholars (“postdocs”) occupy a distinct academic stage and therefore have unique career and professional development needs. We aimed to explore whether a cohort-based program could promote skill development, support career preparation, and facilitate community building among postdocs at our institution. We applied the design thinking process, commonly used in engineering and industrial design, to create a 4-month long leadership and project management program. Pre- and post-surveys with Likert-scale questions measured participants' self-confidence in and self-assessment of competencies related to leadership and project management (e.g., creating an inclusive environment, developing a project charter). Fourteen postdocs from STEM and humanities disciplines participated in the pilot program. Matched responses from participants indicated an 82% positive shift in leadership self-confidence (n = 11) and a 56% positive shift in project management self-confidence (n = 9). Postdocs also showed a positive shift in all 12 competencies related to leadership (n = 11), and a positive shift in nine of 10 competencies related to project management (n = 9). In the optional open-ended questions provided in the surveys, postdocs articulated that the cohort created an environment to share experiences, safely practice new skills, and discuss their career goals. Applying the principles of design thinking to develop a cohort-based professional development program resulted in participant learning gains and their feedback suggests that the program supported a greater sense of belonging. Administrators could use our approach to innovate programming that meets the professional and personal needs of postdocs at their institution.

Combining style generative adversarial networks with particle swarm optimisation-support vector regression to design affective social robot for public health intervention

In order to improve the attractiveness of social robot serving health interventions in public workspace, we propose a product design method with the combination of Style-generative adversarial network (StyleGAN) model and particle swarm optimisation-support vector regression (PSO-SVR). This paper aims to explore the modelling generation method of social robots for health intervention based on artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) and a mapping model between the shape characteristics and users’ visual perception based on Kansei Engineering (KE). Firstly, to address the defects of typical KE over-reliance on existing samples, we introduce the StyleGAN model in AIGC to learn and train existing robots’ shape samples and generate new robots’ shape sample images. Secondly, the morphological deconstruction method is used to deconstruct the shape features of the new robot sample. Factor analysis (FA) is also used to reduce dimension and cluster emotional words and establish a Likert scale between the shape features of robots and users’ emotional vocabulary. Finally, particle swarm optimisation-support vector regression (PSO-SVR) is used to establish a mapping model between the shape features of social robots and the emotional images of users, thus obtaining the most attractive shape combination scheme. The research results showed that the StyleGAN model in AIGC can be used to assist industrial designers in creative expression and provide rich sample sources for KE; and the PSO-SVR of machine learning can be used to build a mapping model among users’ visual feelings, emotional images and shape features. In the end, we designed an attractive social robot for public health intervention.

Turbulence model adaptability at critical Reynolds numbers and applications in wake control via fairings

The water-drop shaped fairings with varying shape angles are attached to a circular cylinder to achieve wake control and vortex suppression at critical Reynolds numbers. To ensure the capability of Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS), detached eddy simulation (DES) and large eddy simulation (LES) models at the critical Reynolds number region, three representative turbulence models are employed: LES with σ subgrid-scale (SGS) model, delayed DES model with improved wall-modeling capability (IDDES) and shear stress transport (SST) k−ω RANS model. These models are utilized to simulate flow around a circular cylinder at Reynolds number Re=2.5×105. The solver used in this paper is further developed based on the high-resolution algorithm platform for incompressible flow (HRAPIF). The comparative analysis of the results from the three turbulence models has been rigorously validated and investigated. An exhaustive examination of the mean flow field, Reynolds stresses, characteristic lengths, and instantaneous flow fields among the models reveals instructive insights. The IDDES and σ-LES models predict the hydrodynamic forces, the so-called ‘drag crisis’, alongside the pressure distribution and skin friction coefficient with high precision. The σ-LES model stands out for its superior accuracy, while the IDDES model is also a viable alternative, offering commendable accuracy with a reduced demand for mesh density. Subsequently, the IDDES model is selected for wake control calculations using fairings with five distinct shape angles (30∘,45∘,60∘,75∘ and 90∘) at Re=2.5×105. In-depth comparisons to the bare cylinder and subcritical results reveal that the wake control effect varies at the critical Reynolds region. The fairing with a 30° shape angle substantially suppresses hydrodynamic forces. The lift coefficient experiences a remarkable decrease of approximately 96%, while the drag coefficient diminishes by about 90%. Concurrently, fairings with angles from 45° to 90° lead to reductions in drag coefficient of 11.6%, 10%, 3% and 4%, respectively. A 75% lowering in the lift force coefficient is found even with a short fairing with shape angle α=90∘, which may be a meaningful instruction to industrial design.

Experimental and numerical study of characteristic parameters of Taylor bubble in vertical pipe under short-time gas injection

Purpose This study aims to investigate the formation and characteristics of Taylor bubbles resulting from short-time gas injection in liquid-conveying pipelines. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for optimizing pipeline efficiency and enhancing production safety. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted short-time gas injection experiments in a vertical rectangular pipe, focusing on Taylor bubble formation time and stable length. Computational fluid dynamics simulations using large eddy simulation and volume of fluid models were used to complement the experiments. Findings Results reveal that the stable length of Taylor bubbles is significantly influenced by gas injection velocity and duration. Specifically, high injection velocity and duration lead to increased bubble aggregation and recirculation region capture, extending the stable length. Additionally, a higher injection velocity accelerates reaching the critical local gas volume fraction, thereby reducing formation time. The developed fitting formulas for stable length and formation time show good agreement with experimental data, with average errors of 6.5% and 7.39%, respectively. The predicted values of the formulas in glycerol-water and ethanol solutions are also in good agreement with the simulation results. Originality/value This research provides new insights into Taylor bubble dynamics under short-time gas injection, offering predictive formulas for bubble formation time and stable length. These findings are valuable for optimizing industrial pipeline designs and mitigating potential safety issues.

Analysing the challenges of developing English for Specific Purpose (ESP) courses for Sino-Foreign cooperative educational programs

With the increasing globalization and internationalization of higher education in China, Sino-foreign cooperative education programs are also flourishing. The English language and English language curricula and teaching are unavoidable topics in Sino-foreign cooperative education programs. The development of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses is directly related to the quality of talent cultivation in Sino-foreign cooperative educational programs. To promote the successful implementation of Sino-foreign cooperative education programs, this study takes the Sino-German Institute of Industrial Design (IDI) as an example to explore the challenges encountered in the development and practice of the English for Industrial Design (ESP) course under the Sino-foreign cooperative education program. This study aims to identify the current challenges of the ESP courses to enable students better to adapt to the foreign learning mode in advanced study and integrate into foreign cultures. This study utilized a qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews. In-depth interviews were conducted with one IDI director and two faculty members of IDI's ESP course. They were questioned about the problems and difficulties they encountered while conducting the ESP course. The study’s results indicate challenges in the IDI’s ESP courses concerning the background of course students, the selection of course materials, the quality of course teachers, and the teaching methods of the courses. The study analyzed the current state of ESP course development in Sino-foreign cooperative education programs, the challenges that significantly affect students’ academic performance, and the successful teaching of IDI Sino-foreign cooperative education.

Current trends in micro‐supercapacitor devices

AbstractRecently, efforts have been made to design miniaturized energy storage devices according to custom requirements. The application of micro‐electronic equipment has increased significantly in information technology and biotechnology. Microelectromechanical systems, nanoelectromechanical systems, maintenance‐free wireless sensor networks, implantable medical devices, micro‐robots, and integrating energy conversion devices require micropower sources in small dimensions. Conventional supercapacitor devices cannot fulfill such high‐power demand, but miniaturization within the microscale helps enhance the working efficiency due to the shortening of diffusion path length. Micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) in the micron to centimeter dimension range integrated with circuits and microelectronic components have gained great interest due to their high‐power density, high‐frequency response, and long cycling stability. Research on the design and fabrication of MSCs has progressed enormously. Integrating MSCs with other electronic units helps to achieve a highly efficient self‐powered system. This review presents a critical summary of the recent progress of novel materials for MSCs, fabrication methods, advanced design, and challenges in the MSCs industry.

Optimizing H2 production from biomass: A machine learning-enhanced model of supercritical water gasification dynamics

Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is recognized as an efficient technology for biomass conversion, demonstrating substantial potential in the sustainable energy sector. This paper focuses on the H2 production by SCWG of biomass. The objective is to develop an accurate gasification kinetic model that can facilitate the optimization of industrial reactor designs. A series of SCWG experiments is conducted in a batch reactor system under temperature of 500–600 °C and residence time of 1–20 min. Based on the experimental results, a hybrid-driven model for SCWG reaction is established. Firstly, experimental data is utilized to delineate SCWG reaction mechanistic model and forecast gas yields with an acceptable error margin. Subsequently, a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network Gradient Boosting Regression Grid Search (WGAN-GBR-GRID) model is applied to acquire knowledge of the predictive errors from the mechanistic model and to develop a hybrid model. The hybrid-driven model significantly enhances the average relative prediction error from 15.56 % to 0.02 % when compared to the mechanistic model. This result underscores the potential of the hybrid model in optimizing SCWG technology and the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values in feature analysis shows the possible shortcomings of mechanistic model, thereby providing a new perspective for SCWG reaction dynamics modeling.

Research on the Cultivation of Composite Industrial Design Talents in Local Applied Undergraduate Colleges and Universities

Research on the Cultivation of Composite Industrial Design Talents in Local Applied Undergraduate Colleges and Universities

Balancing economic efficiency and national security: Industrial policy at the nexus of geopolitics and globalisation

This article examines the resurgence of industrial policy in the EU, with a particular focus on its evolving rationale in the context of geopolitical fragmentation and economic security concerns. It explores how recent global events, including the Covid-19 pandemic and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, have intensified debates about government intervention in the economy and led to a renewed focus on strategic autonomy. The paper analyses the key EU industrial policy initiatives and their implications, particularly in sectors such as energy, defence and critical technologies. Special attention is given to the challenges and opportunities presented by Ukraine’s reconstruction, including potential adaptations to EU state aid rules. The article concludes by proposing principles for effective industrial policy design and implementation, emphasising the importance of maintaining single-market integrity, ensuring transparency and accountability, and balancing interventions with sound macroeconomic policies.

Competition between homologous chromosomal DNA and exogenous donor DNA to repair CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-strand breaks in Aspergillus niger

BackgroundAspergillus niger is well-known for its high protein secretion capacity and therefore an important cell factory for homologous and heterologous protein production. The use of a strong promoter and multiple gene copies are commonly used strategies to increase the gene expression and protein production of the gene of interest (GOI). We recently presented a two-step CRISPR/Cas9-mediated approach in which glucoamylase (glaA) landing sites (GLSs) are introduced at predetermined sites in the genome (step 1), which are subsequently filled with copies of the GOI (step 2) to achieve high expression of the GOI.ResultsHere we show that in a ku70 defective A. niger strain (Δku70), thereby excluding non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) as a mechanism to repair double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs), the chromosomal glaA locus or homologous GLSs can be used to repair Cas9-induced DSBs, thereby competing with the integration of the donor DNA containing the GOI. In the absence of exogenously added donor DNA, the DSBs are repaired with homologous chromosomal DNA located on other chromosomes (inter-chromosomal repair) or, with higher efficiency, by a homologous DNA fragment located on the same chromosome (intra-chromosomal repair). Single copy inter-chromosomal homology-based DNA repair was found to occur in 13–20% of the transformants while 80–87% of the transformants were repaired by exogenously added donor DNA. The efficiency of chromosomal repair was dependent on the copy number of the potential donor DNA sequences in the genome. The presence of five homologous DNA sequences, resulted in an increased number (35–61%) of the transformants repaired by chromosomal DNA. The efficiency of intra-chromosomal homology based DSB repair in the absence of donor DNA was found to be highly preferred (85–90%) over inter-chromosomal repair. Intra-chromosomal repair was also found to be the preferred way of DNA repair in the presence of donor DNA and was found to be locus-dependent.ConclusionThe awareness that homologous chromosomal DNA repair can compete with donor DNA to repair DSB and thereby affecting the efficiency of multicopy strain construction using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing is an important consideration to take into account in industrial strain design.

Deep Analogical Generative Design and Evaluation: Integration of Stable Diffusion and LoRA

Abstract The rapid evolution of generative design through artificial intelligence has opened new avenues for innovative product styling. Integrating this efficient generative technology with established professional theories presents a novel challenge in contemporary international design research. In response to this challenge, this paper introduces a pioneering and collaborative approach for the swift generation of automobile styling designs. The primary objective is to investigate an intelligent generation method that incorporates analogical reasoning and Stable Diffusion to support industrial designers in innovating product styling. This study scrutinizes traditional analogical reasoning design alongside the intelligent analogical reasoning design proposed herein, elucidating the distinctions through multidimensional comparisons using illustrative examples. The proposed methodological framework encompasses several key steps. Initially, a dataset comprising branded automobile images is meticulously constructed. Subsequently, an exclusive style model is trained leveraging Stable Diffusion techniques, coupled with advanced computer graphics and machine learning methodologies. Following this, design requirements are inputted, facilitating intelligent analogical reasoning design across multiple spatial dimensions to yield diverse and innovative automobile styling solutions. Finally, eye-tracking experiments are conducted to quantitatively compare the traditional analogical reasoning design approach with the Stable Diffusion-based analogical reasoning design method. The results substantiate that the latter effectively generates innovative and diversified automobile design solutions. This research contributes to enhancing the quality of automobile styling design, optimizing the design efficiency of enterprises, and catalyzing innovation in the automobile styling design process.

Vernacular Design: Alive and Alert

This article debates that vernacular design is not a social reflection, but a social operation that stems from revisiting indigenous intelligence and employing it to generate social power, which could establish a nature-culture balance. Such a balance is intended to respond to the local way of life and address different daily-life problems encountered by each individual. This direction differs from that of industrial design, which, by promoting uniformity, requires customers or users to adjust themselves and their lifestyles. Whereas industrial design focuses on mass production and creation of a unified mega-culture known as globalization, vernacular design aims to address individuals’ problems, drive their chosen way of life forward, and strive for sustainability. In other words, vernacular design responds to an individual’s needs in his or her own way of life and promotes knowledge sharing with every community member. In this system, community members are skilled designers who possess their own aesthetic vernacular and utilize public property as an asset for their designs. Aiming for sustainability, vernacular design progresses in four levels: 1) hybridizing, by modifying the function of a modern, mass-produced commodity; 2) maintaining indigenous identities to propel the native way of life; 3) common-pooling to benefit all community members collectively; and 4) devising a strategy to address social issues or to change public policies.

Designing with words: exploring the integration of text-to-image models in industrial design

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effectiveness of Text-to-image (T2I) models in assisting industrial designers with the visualization of product concepts. Using action research and a reflection-in-action, this research conducts a series of experiments utilizing Stable Diffusion for generating chair concepts. The research findings are positioned within an existing framework of computational tools usage, and assess the quality of the generated images in supporting industrial design activities during the define and develop phases of the design process. While T2I models provide competent support to ambiguity and sketch improvement, their efficacy in generating coherent solutions for further development is limited. This study provides guidelines for the effective application of T2I models in industrial design practice. It discusses the T2I models’ suitability for specific design activities, addresses associated risks, and proposes a taxonomy of prompt modifiers that ensures a closer match between input prompts and generated product concepts.

Intelligent solar light electric vehicle moving in hot regions under a hybrid power source strategy

Solar Light Electric Vehicles (ISLEV) have recently gained increasing attention as a promising solution for sustainable transportation. In hot regions, such as the BECHAR region in southwest Algeria, where temperatures can exceed 50 °C, the challenge of maintaining high performance standards while coping with challenging environmental conditions is critical. To address this challenge, this study proposes an intelligent hybrid power source strategy comprising SUN Power solar PV and lithium-ion battery supercapacitors. To optimize the vehicle's performance, a feedforward neural network FF-NN is employed, which regulates the power flow between the hybrid sources. The proposed system's efficiency and effectiveness are assessed through simulations, which reveal its robustness in coping with challenging environmental conditions while maintaining high performance standards. The results show that the proposed system holds con-siderable potential for sustainable and efficient transportation in hot regions and can have broad applications in diverse sectors. Future industrial vehicle designs must incorporate the choice of hybrid power management into their planning process to ensure the efficient use of energy and optimize the vehicle's performance.

Multi-Fidelity Aeromechanical Design Framework for High Flow Speed Multistage Axial Compressors

Abstract The development of novel engine architectures is vital in achieving the aviation sector’s net-zero carbon emission target by 2050. With today’s digital decade providing support for an accelerated technology maturation, the challenge for turbomachinery design remains to significantly push the limits of current performance within an ambitious development lead time. In this context, it is essential to adopt a design framework where the predictive models or simulations employed target a sufficiently reliable performance assessment. These models must be tailored to the dynamics of evolving industrial design processes, and therefore continuously balance required design flexibility, robust evaluation, appropriate fidelity (i.e. the level of detail and accuracy they provide), and resulting evaluation time. This paper discusses a framework for designing axial compressors and its application to the aeromechanical optimisation of a high-speed compressor rotor. The design environment integrates geometry parametrisation, modular evaluation with different levels of fidelity for the aerodynamic and structural models, and surrogate-based optimisation (SBO) capabilities. It is shown how the combination of a modular sequencing of the different models and the acceleration enabled by high-performance computing (HPC) and machine learning allows for a more advanced preliminary design. A significant gain in isentropic efficiency is attained while satisfying all structural constraints. At the same time, it is demonstrated that the framework is compatible with the characteristics of the preliminary design phase: both in its ability to adapt to cycle and design changes as well as regarding the turnaround time of the optimisation itself.

Design of retrofit flue gas (CO2) scrubber for dependable clean energy at the Duvha Coal Power Plant

The coal-fired power sector is facing unprecedented pressure due to the shift to low-carbon energy sources and the need to prevent climate change. It is imperative to incorporate advanced technologies into conventional coal-fired power plants to enhance their efficiency, flexibility, and environmental sustainability. One advantage of post-combustion CCS methods is that they may be retrofitted into power plants that are already in place. The goal of this work is to design a CO2 flue gas cleaning retrofit system that will meet the most stringent air quality regulations in an operational coal power station in Southern Africa. It will operate and expedite the removal of undesired gas (CO2) in order to attain ideal requirements for air quality in one of Southern Africa's current coal-fired power plants, the Duvha Coal Power Plant. This study is based on chemical absorption, and explores the mechanistic design of the scrubber, which was accomplished through simple computations and Ansys simulations. The approach for developing a wet CO2 scrubber and LSTG system is based on chemical absorption and is integrated with a pilot plant. The results of the parametric study provide a foundation for a comprehensive industrial system design for South Africa's coal-powered industry. The results show that the scrubber's cylinder height and diameter can be used for an LSTG system and are appropriate for CO2 gas flow and capture. The application of the suggested scrubber design and the LTSG's contributions will allow the coal power station to operate with minimal GHG emissions released into the atmosphere. Instead of shutting down coal power facilities, this cleaning system that completely absorbs CO2 emissions can be used to maintain a robust power infrastructure, rather than being phased out. This will boost the power plant's efficiency over its initial operating efficiency and benefit the nation's economy and the power industry.

SELECTION OF MATERIALS TO CREATE A MATERIAL LIBRARY IN CARUARU-PE/BRAZIL: CASE STUDY OF ORNAMENTAL STONES

This study presents the first actions and steps towards creating a Material Library, which is related to the collection of ornamental, natural and synthetic stones. The work method was designed in three stages: 1. Analysis of communication problems perceived between the design and architecture areas in an ornamental stone transformation industry in the city of Caruaru - PE/Brazil; 2. Mapping of raw materials used by the company; 3. Systematization of data based on the mechanical properties and surface treatment of ornamental stones. As a result, a collection of more than 50 samples was catalogued, which will be used for the knowledge and daily use of the general population, for the learning of students, professionals and suppliers involved in the subject of material selection.