The peculiarities of the oidium spread in the steppe zone of the Lower Volga region were studied on 33 grape varieties taking into account the weather conditions of this region. It has been shown that two of seven years of research were characterized by oidium epidhytotics, two years - by the disease of medium severity, and three years - by the mild case. The most favorable weather conditions for the disease development are identified. A macroscopic study of oidium spread has shown that different varieties of grape have different resistance to the causative agent of the disease. The following groups of varieties were identified: unstable – Zhemchug Saba, MadLen Anzhevin, Shasla belaya; medium resistant - Aleshenkin, Bulgaria, Victoria, Ukrainka, Tsvetochniy; tolerant - Bianca; Kishmish Mirazh, Levokumsky ustoichivyi, Muscat letniy; highly resistant - Augustine, Arcadia, Vostorg, Vostorg Idealniy, Vostorg krasniy, Vostorg cherniy, GF 14-75, Kantemirovsky, Kobzar, Korinka Russkaya, Lucy Belaya, Pamyati Negrulya, European Pleven, Smuglyanka Moldavskaya, Talisman, Ezop; very highly resistant - Bako cherniy, Kishmish Hungarian, Lediya, Nectarniy, Severniy Plechistic. For industrial cultivation in the steppe zone of the Lower Volga region, varieties characterized by increased oidium resistance are recommended.