Inductive Generation Research Articles

PWE-094 Understanding non-participation in bowel cancer screening: a qualitative study

IntroductionUptake of the national bowel cancer screening programme (BCSP), at 52%, needs to be improved or at least maintained if the screening programme is to achieve projected reductions in mortality...

Applications of microelectromagnetic traps

Microelectromagnetic traps (METs) have been used for almost two decades to manipulate magnetic fields. Different trap geometries have been shown to produce distinct magnetic fields and field gradients. Initially, microelectromagnetic traps were used mainly to separate and concentrate magnetic material at small scales. Recently such traps have been implemented for unique applications, for example filterless bioseparations, inductive heat generation, and biological detection. In this review, we describe recent reports in which MET geometry, current density, or external fields have been used. Descriptions of recent applications in which METs have been used to develop sensors, manipulate DNA, or block ion current are also provided.

Oxidation kinetics of a silicon surface in a plasma of oxygen with inert gases

The plasma oxidation of a silicon surface in an inductive plasma generation reactor were studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic emission spectroscopy. The effect of inert gases on the formation kinetics of ultrathin SiO2 films is discussed. The effect of intense oxidation of Si in the plasma formed by nominally pure helium was found. It is suggested that this effect is due to the photostimulated acceleration of the reaction at the silicon-oxide interface by the intrinsic optical emission from the helium plasma.

From a distance and generalizable to up close and grounded: Reclaiming a place for qualitative methods in international business research

journal of International Business Studies (2011) 42, 573-581. doi: 10.1057/jibs.2011.19 It is exhilarating to write the introduction to this Special Issue as it presents an important opportunity for qualitative research to reclaim its position as an integral part of international business (IB) research. The field of IB was founded on a rich qualitative research legacy (e.g., Bartlett, 1979; Crozier, 1965; Fayerweather, 1969; Johanson & Vahlne, 1977; Kindleberger, 1956; Prahalad, 1975; Wilkins, 1970, 1974). Over time, however, such methods have been progressively marginalized in our field as quantitative methods have become the norm. This shift in emphasis has mirrored the broader trend toward more positivistic empirical methods in the social sciences. The field of IB is multidisciplinary in scope, and interdisciplinary in content and methodology (statement of JIBS editorial policy). However, as our respective home disciplines came under growing pressure to solidify their legitimacy as scientific endeavors that merit scholarly attention, it is not surprising that we began to take on the norms propagated within our own academic communities that typically equated quantitative data with hard science. While there are clear merits associated with quantitative methods, the multi-cultural, multi-dimensional and dynamic nature of the field of IB lends itself to a broad range of research methodologies, qualitative methods being one of them. In order to understand the complexities of emergent and evolving phenomena scattered over distance, and the differentiated contexts typical to many topics under investigation in IB, it is often inappropriate to engage in large-scale, cross-sectional studies or reductionist methods in the absence of well-developed theory. Rather, thick description, exploratory research and comparative case analysis that focus on inductive theory building and hypotheses generation may be more suitable.

Nonlinear regression model generation using hyperparameter optimization

An algorithm of the inductive model generation and model selection is proposed to solve the problem of automatic construction of regression models. A regression model is an admissible superposition of smooth functions given by experts. Coherent Bayesian inference is used to estimate model parameters. It introduces hyperparameters which describe the distribution function of the model parameters. The hyperparameters control the model generation process.

Thyristor stack for pulsed inductive plasma generation

A thyristor stack for pulsed inductive plasma generation has been developed and tested. The stack design includes a free wheeling diode assembly for current reversal. Triggering of the device is achieved by a high side biased, self supplied gate driver unit using gating energy derived from a local snubber network. The structure guarantees a hard firing gate pulse for the required high dI/dt application. A single fiber optic command is needed to achieve a simultaneous turn on of the thyristors. The stack assembly is used for switching a series resonant circuit with a ringing frequency of 30 kHz. In the prototype pulsed power system described here an inductive discharge has been generated with a pulse duration of 120 micros and a pulse energy of 50 J. A maximum power transfer efficiency of 84% and a peak power of 480 kW inside the discharge were achieved. System tests were performed with a purely inductive load and an inductively generated plasma acting as a load through transformer action at a voltage level of 4.1 kV, a peak current of 5 kA, and a current switching rate of 1 kA/micros.

Symmetric matroid polytopes and their generation

Matroid polytopes form an intermediate structure useful in searching for realizable convex spheres. In this article we present a class of self-polar 3-spheres that motivated research in the inductive generation of matroid polytopes, along with two new methods of generation.

Algorithm for detecting frequencies in multi‐sine signals by inductive generation

AbstractProny's method is an approximation approach to decomposing a function into sum of exponents and thus is applicable to unknown frequencies estimation of signals. The concrete algorithms for estimating pure sine wave, triple tone, and quadruple tone have already been derived and presented. This paper aims at deriving the estimating algorithm for multi‐sine signals which consist of unknown sine waves. The new method of generating an algebraic algorithm for detecting unknown frequencies in the signals is derived by mathematical induction. The crux of the generation is dependent on the integer matrices induction. A handy method for generating the matrices is shown as well. Algorithms for the triple tone, quadruple tone, and the higher‐order tone are generated and verified. As a result, they are shown to be identical to the ordinary algorithms. Subjects on the application of the induced algorithm to practical frequency detection are discussed. The algorithm has both instantaneity in the time domain and higher resolution in the frequency domain, that is, the signal analysis by the algorithm can be performed without constraint of the uncertainty principle. An iterative solution for algebraic equation is dominant for calculation in the algorithm. Techniques for detecting frequencies in a multi‐sine of unknown order are also discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(3): 27– 38, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20404

I just want to be normal: A qualitative study exploring how children and adolescents view the impact of intractable epilepsy on their quality of life

This qualitative study explores how children and adolescents with medically refractory seizures experience the impact of epilepsy on their quality of life (QOL) within the domains of physical, emotional/behavioral, social, and cognitive/academic function. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with 49 participants (7–18 years old). These narratives constituted our data source. Analyses involved inductive generation of themes/subthemes and connection of these themes to generate a theoretical representation of their relationships. These themes reflected the negative impact of epilepsy on QOL: physical—excessive fatigue as a barrier to academic and social pursuits; emotional/behavioral—intermittent emotional distress heightened by epilepsy-related factors such as unpredictability of seizures; social—profound social isolation; and cognitive/academic—discontinuous, fragmented learning. Youths perceive seizures as the major barrier to their sense of normalcy, setting them apart from others. Findings provide direction for assessment and evidence for developing or enhancing clinical interventions and community/school-based programs that might mitigate some of these negative experiences.

Regular universes and formal spaces

We present an alternative solution to the problem of inductive generation of covers in formal topology by using a restricted form of type universes. These universes are at the same time constructive analogues of regular cardinals and sets of infinitary formulae. The technique of regular universes is also used to construct canonical positivity predicates for inductively generated covers.

Compactness in locales and in formal topology

If a locale is presented by a “flat site”, it is shown how its frame can be presented by generators and relations as a dcpo. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived for compactness of the locale (and also for its openness). Although its derivation uses impredicative constructions, it is also shown predicatively using the inductive generation of formal topologies. A predicative proof of the binary Tychonoff theorem is given, including a characterization of the finite covers of the product by basic opens. The discussion is then related to the double powerlocale.

Algorithm for Detecting Frequencies in Multi-sine Signals by Inductive Generation

The Prony's method is an approximation approach to decomposing a function into sum of exponents, and thus, is applicable to unknown frequencies estimation of signals. The concrete algorithms for estimating pure sine-wave, triple-tone, and quadruple-tone have already been derived and presented. This paper aims at deriving the estimating algorithm for multi-sine signals which consist of unknown sine-waves.The new method of generating algebraic algorithm for detecting unknown frequencies in the signals is derived by mathematical induction. The crux of the generation is depending on the integer matrices induction. A handy method for generating the matrices is shown as well. Algorithms for the triple-tone, quadruple-tone and the higher order tone are generated and verified. As a result, they are shown to be identical with the ordinary algorithms.Subjects on the application of the induced algorithm to practical frequency detection are discussed. The algorithm has both instantaneity in time domain and higher resolution in frequency domain, that is, the signal analysis by the algorithm can be performed without constraint of the uncertainty principle. Iterative solution for algebraic equation is dominant for calculation in the algorithm. Techniques for detecting frequencies in a multi-sine of unknown order are also discussed.

A structural investigation on formal topology: coreflection of formal covers and exponentiability

Abstract.We present and study the category of formal topologies and some of its variants. Two main results are proven. The first is that, for any inductively generated formal cover, there exists a formal topology whose cover extends in the minimal way the given one. This result is obtained by enhancing the method for the inductive generation of the cover relation by adding a coinductive generation of the positivity predicate. Categorically, this result can be rephrased by saying that inductively generated formal topologies are coreflective into inductively generated formal covers.The second result is that unary formal covers are exponentiable in the category of inductively generated formal covers and hence, thanks to the coreflection, unary formal topologies are exponentiable in the category of inductively generated formal topologies.From a localic point of view the exponentiability of unary formal topologies means that algebraic dcpos are exponentiable in the category of open locales. But, the coreflection theorem states that open locales are coreflective in locales and hence, as a consequence of well-known impredicative results on exponentiable locales, it allows to prove that locally compact open locales are exponentiable in the category of open locales.

The problem of the formalization of constructive topology

Formal topologies are today an established topic in the development of constructive mathematics. One of the main tools in formal topology is inductive generation since it allows to introduce inductive methods in topology. The problem of inductively generating formal topologies with a cover relation and a unary positivity predicate has been solved in [CSSV]. However, to deal both with open and closed subsets, a binary positivity predicate has to be considered. In this paper we will show how to adapt to this framework the method used to generate inductively formal topologies with a unary positivity predicate; the main problem that one has to face in such a new setting is that, as a consequence of the lack of a complete formalization, both the cover relation and the positivity predicate can have proper axioms.

Inductive generation of arbitrary waveforms for electrical stimulation using implantable microcoils

Inductive coupling is widely used for powering biomedical implants, but is inadequate when transmitting low-frequency waveforms. We demonstrate that with amplitude modulation, specific waveforms can be transmitted via integrated receiving coils and passive demodulators. An ‘inlaid electroplating’ process with through-wafer plating is used to reduce internal resistance of microcoils and provide more flexibility for microcoil integration with electronics. Further utilizing link resonance specific to receiving microcoils, selective waveform transmission is demonstrated with a frequency-multiplexing input. Combining two microcoils with switching transistors, biphasic pulses are produced at the output, which has potential application for biomedical electrical stimulation.

Inductively generated formal topologies

Formal topology aims at developing general topology in intuitionistic and predicative mathematics. Many classical results of general topology have been already brought into the realm of constructive mathematics by using formal topology and also new light on basic topological notions was gained with this approach which allows distinction which are not expressible in classical topology. Here we give a systematic exposition of one of the main tools in formal topology: inductive generation. In fact, many formal topologies can be presented in a predicative way by an inductive generation and thus their properties can be proved inductively. We show however that some natural complete Heyting algebra cannot be inductively defined.

Making sense of executive sensemaking. A phenomenological case study with methodological criticism.

This paper attempts to answer the research question, "how do senior executives in my organisation make sense of their professional life?" Having reviewed the sensemaking literature, in particular that of the pre-eminent author in this field, Karl E. Weick, I adopt a phenomenological, interpretist orientation which relies on an ideographic, inductive generation of theory. I situate myself, both as researcher and chief executive of the organisation studied, in the narrative of sensemaking. Using semi-structured interviews and a combination of grounded theory and template analysis to generate categories, seven themes of sensemaking are tentatively produced which are then compared with Weick's characteristics. The methodological approach is then reflected on, criticised and alternative methodologies are briefly considered. The conclusion reached is that the themes generated by the research may have relevance for sensemaking processes, but that the production of formal theory through social research is problematic.

DIRECT CONVERSION OF THE ENERGY OF LASER AND FUSION PLASMA CLOUDS TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY DURING EXPANSION IN A MAGNETIC FIELD

The paper deals with the physical and electrotechnical principles of the promising method of direct conversion of the kinetic energy of an expanding plasma cloud to electrical energy by inductive generation of currents in short–circuited load coils that enclose the plasma and are oriented across the external magnetic field. An analysis of plasma deceleration by a magnetic field and transfer of plasma energy to an inductive load gave a solution of the problem in general form and the dimensionless parameters of the problem that determine the deceleration radius, the coil current, and the theoretical conversion efficiency. The role of the basic physical effects, including parasitic ones (plasma instabilities and Joule heating), influencing the real efficiency is assessed. A comparison of the results with data of experiments with laser–produced plasma clouds on a KI–1 facility and with available numerical results shows that in the optimized version of the method for conversion of inertial confinement fusion energy, a 30% efficiency can be achieved.

A proposal for improving the accuracy of linguistic modeling

We propose accurate linguistic modeling, a methodology to design linguistic models that are accurate to a high degree and may be suitably interpreted. This approach is based on two main assumptions related to the interpolative reasoning developed by fuzzy rule-based systems: a small change in the structure of the linguistic model based on allowing the linguistic rule to have two consequents associated; and a different way to obtain the knowledge base based on generating a preliminary fuzzy rule set composed of a large number of rules and then selecting the subset of them best cooperating. Moreover, we introduce two variants of an automatic design method for these kinds of linguistic models based on two well-known inductive fuzzy rule generation processes and a genetic process for selecting rules. The accuracy of the proposed methods is compared with other linguistic modeling techniques with different characteristics when solving of three different applications.

Electrical modelling of RF coupled inductors supplying a double frequency inductive plasma reactor

A new inductive plasma reactor has been developed for thin-film depositions using the plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) process. This apparatus combines an inductive plasma generation at 13.56 MHz, plus a direct heating of the substrate by a supplementary inductive set-up at 100 kHz. The unavoidable coupling of the two coaxial coils allows one electrical generator to force power in the other, compromising the reliability of the system, unless rejecting filters are inserted. Therefore, an equivalent circuit of the double-coil set is needed to specify and design the necessary filters. The aim of this paper is to present and justify the electrical representation of this very special, high-frequency transformer which has been used successfully.