Induce Wound Healing Research Articles

Insulin-like growth factor-I and wound healing, a potential answer to non-healing wounds: A systematic review of the literature and future perspectives.

The induction of wound healing by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been demonstrated in several animal studies; however, there are disproportionately fewer studies assessing its value in humans. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive summary of all the available evidence pertaining to the effects of IGF-I administration on the process of wound anaplasias, both in human tissues in vivo and in cells in vitro. A systematic search of Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed for relevant studies published until May 2020. Overall, 11 studies were included. Of these, 2 studies were conducted in human subjects, whereas the rest of them were performed using in vitro models of human cell lines. All studies demonstrated a positive association between IGF-I and wound anaplasias; IGF-I promoted the migration of keratinocytes, thus playing an important role in wound epithelialization as well as enabling wound bed contraction, and it also stimulated hyaluronan synthesis. The wound healing-promoting effect of IGF-I may be a great asset in dealing with the healing of challenging wounds; thus, this type of treatment could be extremely useful in addressing patients with large burn wounds, chronic diabetic ulcers and patients with impaired wound healing. Nevertheless, the route of recombinant IGF-I administration, the recommended dosage, as well as the indications for clinical use of this growth factor remain to be determined and thus, additional clinical trials are required, with a focus on the medical use of recombinant IGF-I in wound anaplasias.

Human Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells Promote Proliferation and Migration in Head and Neck Cancer Cells.

Human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are increasingly used as auto-transplants in regenerative medicine to restore tissue defects or induce wound healing, especially in cancer patients. The impact of ASCs on squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) including head and neck and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC and ESCC) is not yet fully understood. ASCs were cultured from subcutaneous, abdominal lipoaspirates of five patients, who received auto-transplants to the head and neck. Supernatants were tested for paracrine effects in functional in vitro assays of proliferation of HNSCC tumor cell line FaDu and ESCC cell line Kyse30, and their cell migration/invasion capacities in Boyden chambers, in addition to endothelial tube formation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). All ASC-derived supernatants enhanced proliferation of FaDu cells, invasive migration, and tube formation by HUVECs, compared to controls. Of five patients' lipoaspirates, ASC-derived supernatants of four patients increased proliferation and invasive migration in Kyse30 cells. The data suggests that ASCs can promote tumor cell proliferation, invasiveness, and neo-angiogenesis in these tumor cell lines of the UAT and HUVEC in a paracrine manner. Although clinical studies on the subject of oncological safety are still needed, these findings emphasize the importance of complete tumor removal before ASCs are used in the head and neck.

Biomimetic and immunomodulatory therapeutics as an alternative to natural exosomes for vascular and cardiac applications

Inflammation is a central mechanism in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), where sustained oxidative stress and immune responses contribute to cardiac remodeling and impairment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells to communicate with their surroundings and to modulate the tissue microenvironment. Recent evidence indicates their potential as cell-free immunomodulatory therapeutics for CVD, preventing cell death and fibrosis while inducing wound healing and angiogenesis. Biomimetic exosomes are semi-synthetic particles engineered using essential moieties present in natural exosomes (lipids, RNA, proteins) to reproduce their therapeutic effects while improving on scalability and standardization due to the ample range of moieties available to produce them. In this review, we provide an up-to-date description of the use of exosomes for CVD and offer our vision on the areas of opportunity for the development of biomimetic strategies. We also discuss the current limitations to overcome in the process towards their translation into clinic.

Benefits of autologous platelet tissue graft in wound healing after corneal refractive surgery: a case report

BackgroundCorneal refractive surgeries cause epithelial damage and induce wound healing processes. To promote wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy, the effectiveness of an autologous platelet tissue graft was assessed.Case presentationA 45-year-old Asian male with low myopia and/or myopic astigmatism received photorefractive keratectomy in both eyes. The right eye was postoperatively treated with an autologous platelet tissue graft using the GPS III Platelet Concentration System to prepare platelet-rich plasma, while the left eye was not treated. Both eyes achieved the expected uncorrected distance visual acuity, but the platelet-rich-plasma-treated right eye obtained improved visual acuity more than 1 week before the untreated left eye. Perceived pain after photorefractive keratectomy was much lower and of shorter duration in the treated right eye than it was for the left eye. Pericorneal injection on the bulbar conjunctiva with superficial keratitis resolved earlier in the right eye than the left eye.ConclusionsAutologous platelet tissue grafting using a GPS III to obtain platelet-rich plasma was effective in promoting corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy. Thus, platelet-rich plasma may be beneficial for patients undergoing corneal refractive surgeries.

Adjuvant Role of Botulinum Toxin A in the Management of Wounds Accompanied by Parotid Gland or Duct Injuries

Background: Parotid gland or duct injuries may occur after facial trauma or surgical procedures around the parotid gland. Such injuries often cause saliva to leak into the wound, and as a result, the autolytic enzymes in the saliva can delay wound healing. To promote wound healing in such cases, salivary leakage must be stopped until the wound has completely healed. Though there are several known measures for preventing salivary leakage, including compressive dressings, suction drainage, food restriction, and anticholinergic drugs, they often yield unsatisfactory results. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin A in stopping salivary secretions and inducing wound healing in wounds accompanied by parotid gland or duct injuries.<br/>Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A for treating salivary leakage due to parotid gland or duct injuries. Five patients were treated between 2011 and 2016, three of whom received postoperative injections with a total dose of 30–40 units of botulinum toxin A. One of the other two patients was injected with the same amount of botulinum toxin A preoperatively, and the other received an intraoperative injection.<br/>Results: All five patients showed an abrupt decrease of salivary leakage on the 3rd day after toxin injection and satisfactory wound healing without untoward side effects.<br/>Conclusion: This study demonstrates the critical role played by botulinum toxin A in management of wounds complicated by abnormal leakage of saliva, when the parotid gland or duct is injured.

Nonablative radiofrequency for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: An open‐label study

AbstractIntroductionAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of progressive hair loss, and current treatments are limited. Wound healing has been associated with hair regrowth; consequently, its mechanism has been suggested for treatment of hair loss. Nonablative radiofrequency (RF), which induces wound healing mechanisms through thermal damage, has been shown to increase hair growth when applied to the scalp. In this study, we aim to evaluate a specially adapted non‐ablative RF device as a noninvasive, nonsystemic treatment for AGA.MethodsAn open‐label study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a nonablative RF device for treatment of AGA. Patients diagnosed with Hamilton–Norwood Stage 3 or above were recruited and received 10 weekly RF treatment sessions. Hair counts were performed before and after treatment manually by a medical resident.ResultsTen male and 10 female subjects were recruited. Hair count, hair density (per cm2), vellus hair density (per cm2), terminal hair density (per cm2), cumulative thickness (mm/cm2), number of follicular units, density of follicular units (per cm2), and average hair per unit increased from before to after treatment. Only the increases in hair count, overall hair density, terminal hair density, cumulative thickness, and average hair count/unit were statistically significant (p < .05).DiscussionWe observed significant improvement in hair growth in 19 out of 20 patients. Overall, significant improvement was observed in total hair counts, terminal hair counts, hair shaft thickness, and in the number of follicular units. Further clinical research is warranted to further explore nonablative RF for treatment of AGA.

Pinocembrin and its linolenoyl ester derivative induce wound healing activity in HaCaT cell line potentially involving a GPR120/FFA4 mediated pathway

Wound healing represents an urgent need from the clinical point of view. Several diseases result in wound conditions which are difficult to treat, such as in the case of diabetic foot ulcer. Starting from there, the medicinal research has focused on various targets over the years, including GPCRs as new wound healing drug targets. In line with this, GPR120, known to be an attractive target in type 2 diabetes drug discovery, was studied to finalize the development of new wound healing agents. Pinocembrin (HW0) was evaluated as a suitable compound for interacting with GPR120, and was hybridized with fatty acids, which are known endogenous GPR120 ligands, to enhance the wound healing potential and GPR120 interactions. HW0 and its 7-linolenoyl derivative (HW3) were found to be innovative wound healing agents. Immunofluorescence and functional assays suggested that their activity was mediated by GPR120, and docking simulations showed that the compounds could share the same pocket occupied by the known GPR120 agonist, TUG-891.

Exploring the Role of Regadenoson As an Ointment Dosage Form in Inducing Wound Healing in Mice

Background: Wound healing is a multi-phase and well-organized dynamic process to repair damaged tissue. Adenosine (A2A) receptor agonists were found to have a role in wound healing process by increasing collagen deposition and stimulating angiogenesis and re-epithelization. Aim: To investigate the healing effect of regadenoson ointment in experimentally induced wounds in mice. Methodology: Preparation of regadenoson ointment: Regadenoson ointment (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) was prepared by dispersing regadenoson in castor oil followed by the addition of petrolatum base (Vaseline®) to obtain the final ointment preparation. In vivo study: Sixty female albino mice were enrolled in this study where they divided into five groups (N=12/group). Group I: normal control. Group II: induced control which has received a petrolatum base only. Group III were treated topically with β-sitosterol ointment (0.25% w/w) as a positive control. Group IV and V were treated topically with regadenoson ointment (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) respectively. These products were applied once daily for 10 consecutive days. Results: Regadenoson ointment produced a highly significant reduction in wound size in comparison with petrolatum base (P≤0.001). In histological study, re-epithelization and angiogenesis scores of all treatment groups showed a significant increase in comparison with petrolatum base group (P≤0.05) but in collagen scores, the significant increase just occurred with β-sitosterol and the highest concentration of regadenoson 0.5% w/w in comparison with petrolatum base group (P≤0.05). In immunological study, regadenoson groups produced a significant increase in VEGF-A. Conclusion: According to the present findings, we can conclude that regadenoson ointment is more efficient than petrolatum base and comparable in efficacy to β-sitosterol ointment in accelerating wound healing.

Comparative analysis of the light parameters of red and near-infrared diode lasers to induce photobiomodulation on fibroblasts and keratinocytes: An in vitro study.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) depends on the use of non-ionizing light energy to trigger photochemical changes, particularly in light-sensitive mitochondrial structures. It triggers proliferation and the metabolic activity of the cells, primarily by utilizing the energy from the near-infrared to the red wavelength of the light. This in vitro study has analyzed comparatively the most appropriate energy doses and wavelengths to induce PBM on keratinocytes and fibroblasts for the accelerated wound healing process. 1, 3, and 5J/cm2 energy densities of 655 and 808-nm diode lasers were used to promote cell proliferation and wound healing process. Scratch assay and MTT analysis were performed on keratinocytes and fibroblasts for wound closure and cell proliferation after the triple light applications, respectively. 655-nm of wavelength was more successful on keratinocytes to induce wound healing and cell proliferation, whereas 808-nm of wavelength was so effective on fibroblasts to heal the wounds totally and it induced cell proliferation almost 3 times compared to the untreated control group. This study revealed that PBM with 655 and 808nm of wavelengths was effective to speed up the wound healing process at specific energy densities. In general 808-nm of wavelength was more successful. However, the proper wavelength and the energy density may differ according to the cell type. Thus, every light parameter should be chosen properly to obtain better outcomes during PBM applications.

Effects of Topical Application of Royal Jelly on Second-Degree Burn Wound Healing in Male Rats

Background and Aims: Burn injury remain as a major medical problem throughout the world. This injury is accompanied with inflammatory and wound healing responses. Since royal jelly (RJ) has anti-inflammatory and wound healing activity therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the repairing effects of RJ on skin burn- damage. Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were engaged. The animals were divided into five equal groups. Group 1 was considered healthy control. Group 2 (positive control) was treated topically with Silver Sulfadiazine Cream, group 3 received Eucerin as negative control, and group 4, 5 treated with RJ (10 and 30%). Sampling was performed after observing the second-degree burns on the first, seventh and fourteenth days. Then after 28 days, rats were sacrificed and their skin tissues were used for morphological and morphometric assessments. Results: The results of this study showed that the amount and arrangement of collagen type 1 protein was higher in the RJ treatment groups versus control group. Reconstruction and thickening of the epithelium in RJ treated groups confirmed therapeutic effects of RJ. In addition, RJ increased angiogenesis compared to the control group. The woundchr('39')s surface area was reduced in the RJ treatment groups compared to the control group. In addition, fibroblast cell proliferation was increased in the groups receiving RJ versus control. Conclusions: It could be concluded that, RJ induce wound healing effects and might be considered as potential treatment option to improve the burn wound healing.

Mechanisms of ivermectin-induced wound healing

BackgroundWounds cause structural and functional discontinuity of an organ. Wound healing, therefore, seeks to re-establish the normal morphology and functionality through intertwined stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodelling. Ivermectin, a macrolide, has been used as an endectoparasiticide in human and veterinary medicine practice for decades. Here, we show that ivermectin exhibits wounding healing activity by mechanisms independent of its well-known antiparasitic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the wound healing property of ivermectin cream using histochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques.ResultsNon-irritant dose of ivermectin cream (0.03–1%) decreased wound macroscopic indices such as exudation, edge edema, hyperemia, and granulation tissue deposition by day 9 compared to day 13 for the vehicle-treated group. This corresponded with a statistically significant wound contraction rate, hydroxyproline deposition, and a decreased time to heal rate. The levels of growth factors TGF-β1 and VEGF were significantly elevated on day 7 but decreased on day 21. This corresponded with changes in cytokines (IL-1α, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α) and eicosanoids (LTB4, PGE2, and PGD2) levels on days 7 and 21.. Interestingly, low doses of ivermectin cream (0.03–0.1%) induced wound healing with minimal scarring compared to higher doses of the cream and the positive control, Silver Sulfadiazine.ConclusionIvermectin promotes wound healing partly through modulation of the inflammatory process and the levels of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Low doses of ivermectin cream have the potential to be used in treating wounds with minimal scar tissue formation.

Polyphenol-Conjugated Bimetallic Au@AgNPs for Improved Wound Healing.

BackgroundPolyphenols possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties and have been used in the treatment of skin wounds and burns. We previously showed that tannic acid-modified AgNPs sized >26 nm promote wound healing, while tannic acid-modified AgNPs sized 13 nm can elicit strong local inflammatory response. In this study, we tested bimetallic Au@AgNPs sized 30 nm modified with selected flavonoid and non-flavonoid compounds for wound healing applications.MethodsBimetallic Au@AgNPs were obtained by growing an Ag layer on AuNPs and further modified with selected polyphenols. After toxicity tests and in vitro scratch assay in HaCaT cells, modified lymph node assay as well as the mouse splint wound model were further used to access the wound healing potential of selected non-toxic modifications.ResultsTannic acid, gallic acid, polydatin, resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate and procyanidin B2 used to modify Au@AgNPs exhibited good toxicological profiles in HaCaT cells. Au@AgNPs modified with 15 μM tannic acid, 200 μM resveratrol, 200 μM epicatechin gallate, 1000 μM gallic acid and 200 μM procyanidin B2 induced wound healing in vivo and did not lead to the local irritation or inflammation. Tannic acid-modified Au@AgNPs induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) – like re-epithelialization, while other polyphenol modifications of Au@AgNPs acted through proliferation and wound closure.ConclusionBimetallic Au@AgNPs can be used as a basis for modification with selected polyphenols for topical uses. In addition, we have demonstrated that particular polyphenols used to modify bimetallic nanoparticles may show different effects upon different stages of wound healing.

Effect of Endometrial Scratch on Heparin Binding Epidermal Growth Factor Level in Women Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination

Despite many improvements in Assisted reproductive techniques during the last three decades, clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates still nearly 30–40% and 20–30%, respectively. To enhance endometrial receptivity many attempts done one of the endometrial scratching could provoke delay in endometrial maturation reforms asynchrony between endometrium and the concepts and indeed induce wound healing by producing a considerable raise in the local secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors like Heparin Binding Epidermal Growth Factor (HBEGF) and its receptors has role in mediate the receptivity, maturation, and decidualization of endometrium and facilitates the implantation and development of both placenta and embryo. All women were undergone IUI procedure. They divided into two groups. Intervention group who did endometrial scratching by using pipelle catheter in luteal phase of preceding cycle and another blood sample aspirated before scratch. Control group include women without intervention of endometrial scratch. Both groups underwent controlled ovarian stimulation, triggering of ovulation and another blood sample was aspirated at day of IUI to measure level of HBEGF. 14 days later with luteal support, BHCG test underwent in blood to check pregnancy. Higher pregnancy rate among patients with scratch group (5/20) 25% than non-interventional group (3/25)12%. These result showed that HBEGF level in scratch group (386.1±124.7) is significantly higher than control group (279±189.3) as P-value was (0.035). Moreover, the HBEGF level at day of IUI (455.67±157.34) and in pregnant (563.9±163.66) is significantly higher than before scratch in scratch group (279.0±124.67), (406.26±138.89), as P-values were (0.00007, 0.049) respectively. Intentional local damage to the endometrium is a cost–effective procedure can be used to enhance the uterine receptivity that may help to overcome implantation failure problem.

An extract of Hypericum perforatum induces wound healing through inhibitions of Ca2+ mobilizations, mitochondrial oxidative stress and cell death in epithelial cells: Involvement of TRPM2 channels

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Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma induces epigenetic modifications that activate the expression of various cytokines and growth factors in human mesoderm-derived stem cells

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) has been reported to induce wound healing, activation of immune cells, and proliferation of mesoderm-derived adult stem cells in human. However, the mechanism by which NTAPP activates these physiological effects is poorly understood. Here, we examined whole genome expression profiles of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs), the proliferation of which is induced by NTAPP. NTAPP upregulated the expression of genes for cytokine and growth factor, but downregulated genes in apoptotic pathways. When ASCs were treated with NTAPP in the presence of a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, the expression of various cytokines and growth factors decreased, suggesting that NO is primarily responsible for the enhanced cytokine and growth factor expression induced by NTAPP. Increased histone deacetyl transferase 1 (HDAC1) and decreased acetylated histone 3 were detected in NTAPP-treated ASCs. Similarly, ASCs pre-treated with HDAC, DNA methylation, or histone methylation inhibitors had reduced expression of cytokines and growth factors after NTAPP treatment. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that NTAPP induces epigenetic modifications that activate the expression of cytokines and growth factors, explaining how NTAPP acts as an efficient tool in regenerative medicine to stimulate stem cell proliferation, to activate immune cells, and to recover wounds.

A novel bilayer zein/MMT nanocomposite incorporated with H. perforatum oil for wound healing.

Recently, layered structures composed of nanofibers have gained attention as a novel material to mimic skin tissue in wound healing applications. The aim of this study is to develop a novel hybrid bilayer material composed of zein based composite film and nanofiber layers as a wound dressing material. The upper layer was composed of H. perforatum oil incorporated zein film including MMT and the bottom layer was comprised of 3D electrospun zein/MMT nanofibers to induce wound healing with the controlled release of H. perforatum oil. The bilayer composites were characterized in terms of mechanical test, WVP, water uptake and surface wettability. Antimicrobial activity of the wound dressings against microorganisms were investigated by disc diffusion method. In vitro cytotoxicity of monolayer film and bilayer structure was performed using WST-1 assay on HS2 keratinocyte and 3T3 cell lines. Results indicated that the prepared monolayer films showed appropriate mechanical and gas barrier properties and surface wettability for wound healing. Controlled release of H. perforatum oil was obtained from fabricated membranes up to 48 h. Bilayer membranes showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans and did not show any toxic effect on NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast and HS2 keratinocyte cell lines. In vitro scratch assay results indicated that H. perforatum oil had a wound healing effect by inducing fibroblast migration. The proliferation study supported these results by increasing fibroblast proliferation on H. perforatum oil loaded bilayer membranes.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals novel insights into the response to Cr(VI) exposure in Cr(VI) tolerant ectomycorrhizal fungi Pisolithus sp. 1 LS-2017.

Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and a health hazard to millions of people worldwide. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can assist plants in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Cr tolerance differs among ECM fungal varieties, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of Cr tolerance in ECM fungi are not clear. This study identified, analysed and compared the Cr(VI)-induced transcriptional changes between Cr(VI)-tolerant strain (Pisolithus sp. 1 LS-2017) and Cr(VI)-sensitive strain (Pisolithus sp. 2 LS-2017) by de novo transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that 93,642 assembled unique transcripts representing the 22,353 (46.76%) unigenes matched the proteins we have known in the Nr database and 47,801 unigenes were got from the Pisolithus spp. For DEGs between the control and 10 mg/L Cr(VI) treatment, cyanoamino acid metabolic, type I diabetes mellitus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and beta-Alanine metabolism pathways were significantly enriched (p < 0.05) in Pisolithus sp. 1 LS-2017. Two nitrate reductase family genes (nidD, niiA) provide Cr(VI) tolerance for Pisolithus sp. 1 LS-2017 by regulating Cr(VI) reduction. In addition, NO produced by nidD, niiA regulated denitrification can alleviate Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress. In Pisolithus sp. 2 LS-2017, the alcC, aldA and lcf2 gene may alleviate Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress by protecting SH groups and increasing secondary metabolism, reducing detoxify aldehydes to carboxylic acids and producing LCPUFAs respectively; .T gene regulate Cr(VI) induced wound healing by pigmentation and stability of melanin in spore; MKP2 gene accelerate Cr(VI) induced cell death and gpmA gene regulated Cr(VI) induced energy emergency.

Molecular Characterization of Lipoaspirates Used in Regenerative Head and Neck Surgery

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been used commonly in regenerative medicine and increasingly for head and neck surgical procedures. Lipoaspiration with centrifugation is purported to be a mild method for the extraction of ASCs used for autologous transplants to restore tissue defects or induce wound healing. The content of ASCs, their paracrine potential, and cellular potential in wound healing have not been explored for this method to our knowledge. To evaluate the characteristics of lipoaspirates used in reconstructive head and neck surgical procedures with respect to wound healing. This case series study included 15 patients who received autologous fat injections in the head and neck during surgical procedures at a tertiary referral center. The study was performed from October 2017 to November 2018, and data were analyzed from October 2017 to February 2019. Excessive material of lipoaspirates from subcutaneous abdominal fatty tissue was examined. Cellular composition was analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry, and functionality was assessed through adipose, osteous, and chondral differentiation in vitro. Supernatants were tested for paracrine ASC functions in fibroblast wound-healing assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), and transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3) was performed. Among the 15 study patients (8 [53.3%] male; mean [SD] age at the time of surgery, 63.0 [2.8] years), the stromal vascular fraction (mean [SE], 53.3% [4.2%]) represented the largest fraction within the native lipoaspirates. The cultivated cells were positive for CD73 (mean [SE], 99.90% [0.07%]), CD90 (99.40% [0.32%]), and CD105 (88.54% [2.74%]); negative for CD34 (2.70% [0.45%]) and CD45 (1.74% [0.28%]) in flow cytometry; and negative for CD14 (10.56 [2.81] per 300 IHC score) and HLA-DR (6.89 [2.97] per 300 IHC score) in IHC staining; they differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. The cultivated cells showed high expression of CD44 (mean [SE], 99.78% [0.08%]) and CD273 (82.56% [5.83%]). The supernatants were negative for TNF (not detectable) and SDF-1α (not detectable) and were positive for VEGF (mean [SE], 526.74 [149.84] pg/mL for explant supernatants; 528.26 [131.79] pg/106 per day for cell culture supernatants) and TGF-β3 (mean [SE], 22.79 [3.49] pg/mL for explant supernatants; 7.97 [3.15] pg/106 per day for cell culture supernatants). Compared with control (25% or 50% mesenchymal stem cell medium), fibroblasts treated with ASC supernatant healed the scratch-induced wound faster (mean [SE]: control, 1.000 [0.160]; explant supernatant, 1.369 [0.070]; and passage 6 supernatant, 1.492 [0.094]). The cells fulfilled the international accepted criteria for mesenchymal stem cells. The lipoaspirates contained ASCs that had the potential to multidifferentiate with proliferative and immune-modulating properties. The cytokine profile of the isolated ASCs had wound healing-promoting features. Lipoaspirates may have a regenerative potential and an application in head and neck surgery. NA.

Ação do gel Anacardium Occidentale L. associado ao ultrassom terapêutico no processo de cicatrização em camundongos

INTRODUÇÃO: Os recursos fisioterapêuticos influenciam positivamente no processo de cicatrização, acelerando as diferentes fases e reduzindo o tempo de lesão através da aplicação de recursos eletrofísicos, tais como ultrassom terapêutico (UST). A interação entre o UST e os tecidos biológicos, é capaz de gerar alterações celulares, por efeitos mecânicos, garantindo resultados satisfatórios. Estudos à base dos extratos vegetais vêm sendo realizados visando comprovar terapias alternativas efetivas capazes de induzir a cicatrização de feridas, uma vez que as plantas medicinais quando comparadas com as modernas terapias medicamentosa, apresentam menores efeitos adversos e baixo custo, quando comparado aos fármacos sintéticos, sendo essenciais para aquisição para a população de baixa renda. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito associado entre o gel à base da casca do cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L) e o ultrassom terapêutico sobre o processo de cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em camundongos. METODOLOGIA: 24 camundongos (Mus musculus) machos, pesando entre 40 a 50 gramas (g), provenientes do biotério da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FACIME), foram utilizados neste estudo. A pesquisa foi composta por 4 grupos (controle, ultrassom pulsado + fonorose, gel à base de cascas da Anacardium occidentale L e ultrassom pulsado), os quais foram tratados em diferentes tempos experimentais (8 e 15 dias). Após a eutanásia dos camundongos, realizou-se as análises macroscópica e microscópica, enquanto o extrato vegetal à base do caule do cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L) foi avaliado através da prospecção fitoquímica. RESULTADOS: Observa-se que tanto na análise histológica quanto macroscópica, houve melhora do processo inflamatório inicial e aceleração do reparo tecidual nos grupos tratados com o UST, extrato, assim como, através da sua interação. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que as terapias utilizadas no presente estudo, apresentaram resultados satisfatórios sobre o processo de reparação tecidual, os quais foram comprovados pela análise macroscópica e histológica.

PCL microspheres containing magnesium hydroxide for dermal filler with enhanced physicochemical and biological performances

Polymeric microspheres containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) was developed as a functional dermal filler with enhanced physicochemical and biological performances. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) and MH microspheres (PCL/MH) were uniformly produced with approximately 50μm in size through a simple fluidic device. In the PCL/MH composite, MH effectively neutralized the acidic degradation products generated by polymer degradation. In in vitro cell experiments, when MH was treated with acidic decomposition product (i.e., 6-hydroxycaproic acid, HCA), the acidic pH was neutralized to induce wound healing along with inhibition of inflammation and senescence. Furthermore, MH promoted the production of collagen. These results suggest that the PCL/MH microspheres have great potential as a functional dermal filler for skin esthetics and facial plastic surgery.