In order to determine the sensitivity of Rhodes grass ( Chloris gayana Kunth.) to gamma rays and to find an optimum gamma ray dose for inducing mutations, the seeds of a local Rhodes grass cultivar were exposed to nine doses of gamma rays ranging from 10 to 90 krad. Germination, seedling growth, survival, plumule, radicle and seedling lengths, pollen fertility, and morphological variants in the M 1 generation and chlorophyll mutation frequency, and spectrum in the M 2 generation were studied. In general, there was a decrease in all biological criteria studied with an increase in dose of gamma rays in M 1 generation. A dose dependent response was observed (viz., germination, r = −0.93; seedling height, r = −0.99; survival, r = −0.98; and pollen fertility, r = −0.97) and at higher doses the effecr was drastic. The LD 50 values for all biological end points were relatively high except for pollen fertility. The morphological variants included: earhead proliferation, nodal variant, peduncle variant, leaf curl, grassy type, partial sterility, apical sterility, high sterility and gappy ears. In the M 2 generation, the chlorophyll mutation frequency increased in a linear fashion at low (10–30 krad) and medium (40–60 krad) doses and was erratic at higher doses (70–90 krad). The chlorophyll mutant spectrum included albina, xantha, chlorina, viridis, tigrina, striata, albo-xantha and albo-viridis. The frequency of these mutants varied with treatments. A dose rate of 60 krad was found to be effective as well as efficient for inducing chlorophyll mutations in M 1 and M 2 plants.