Indoor Plants Research Articles

Effects of indoor plants on CO2 concentration, indoor air temperature and relative humidity in office buildings.

This experimental study investigates the influence of indoor plants on three aspects of air quality in office spaces: relative humidity, indoor air temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration. Employing a Latin square design, we rotated three different treatments across three offices over six time periods. These treatments included a control (no plants), a low-volume treatment (five plants), and a high-volume treatment (eighteen plants) of Nephrolepis exaltata (Boston fern). Air quality parameters were continuously monitored at five-minute intervals using Trace Gas Analyzers. Generalised linear mixed modelling (GLMM) was employed to examine the effect of each treatment on relative humidity, indoor air temperature and CO2 concentration. We observed a significant positive correlation between the number of indoor plants and relative humidity levels. In offices without any plants, the median relative humidity was 29.1%. This increased to 38.9% in offices with 5 plants and further to 49.2% in offices with 18 plants. However, we did not find significant associations between the number of indoor plants and indoor air temperature or corrected CO2 concentration. Our research provides support for the use of indoor plants to increase relative humidity, which can have health benefits in dry climates, but does not provide support for using indoor plants to regulate indoor air temperatures or CO2 concentration in office environments.

Influence of residential physical environments on occupant experience: considering the moderating effects of indoor plants and climate zones

PurposeHome is a place/system/product that becomes increasingly occupied with various tasks used to be performed in workplaces. However, the knowledge of the relationship between residential physical environments and occupant experience is limited, especially when considering the effect of indoor plants (IPs) and climate zones. To address the gap, this study conducted a questionnaire survey in three cities across different regions in China.Design/methodology/approachBased on User Experience and Customer Satisfaction Index theory, following the research paradigm, a total of 627 valid samples were collected and analyzed in a stepwise statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity test, correlation test and region comparison, then the model of PROCESS was adopted to examine the hypotheses that are given based on the former studies.FindingsThe results showed that residential physical environments have a significant effect on occupant satisfaction (OS) in all regions, as well as OS on occupant performance. However, regional differences were found that OS is a complete mediator in the Middle region, while a partial mediator in the North and South. A slight moderating effect of IPs was also found in the region of South. Nevertheless, both the number of plants and plant types have a significant moderating effect on the mechanism.Originality/valueBesides combining two theories and confirming the mechanism in the residential physical environment, it is also the first study to consider the moderating effects of IPs and climate zones, providing potential empirical support for not only design and management stages but also facing global challenges of working at home and climate changes.

LED light greenhouse with automatic water dispenser using Arduino Uno for indoor plants

LED light greenhouse with automatic water dispenser using Arduino Uno for indoor plants

Biophilic Design in Office Buildings: A Salutogenic Approach to Enhancing Well-being in the Built Environment

This research paper explores biophilic design principles in office buildings, focusing on promoting well-being andcreating salutogenic environments. It investigates key aspects of biophilic design, such as natural light, views of nature,indoor plants, and natural materials, and their impact on occupant well-being and productivity. The study uses a mixedmethods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with office employees. The resultsreveal that biophilic design elements significantly contribute to improved well-being, including increased jobsatisfaction, reduced stress levels, and enhanced productivity. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporatingbiophilic design strategies in office buildings to create salutogenic environments that enhance employee well-being. Ithighlights the significance of natural elements in mitigating the negative effects of a sedentary work environment. Theresearch contributes to the field by providing empirical evidence supporting the implementation of biophilic design inoffices, emphasizing the benefits of a connection with nature for well-being and productivity.

Impact of Indoor Plants on Human Health: A Review

One of the goals of a construction was to have a sustainable and healthy interior, something that engineers took seriously when creating and utilizing it. Physical approaches can be used to design arrangements, such as in the layout arrangements, lighting, and air reflections. Still, there has been a fierce pushback against the natural approach paradigm. This paper addresses the greening of interior spaces as a means of preserving and improving the quality of interior spaces. The sick-structure pattern, disinclinations, nasal and ocular vexations, and respiratory dysfunction, including unseasonable fatalities, have all been linked to poor IAQ. The use of phytoremediation is a novel method to lessen air adulterants and improve IAQ by absorbing, adsorbing, assimilating, or transferring them. Thus, the current review's goal is to investigate the role that inner sources play in perfecting inner air quality, including their sanctification capabilities. There’s adding substantiation that colorful factory species or their corridor can reliably reduce the attention of multitudinous air adulterants in the inner medium and promote mortal good. still, the inner air adulterant junking effectiveness depends on the species of the factory, and colorful factory characteristics like splint size, consistency, area, photosynthetic exertion, and light intensity. One of the cheapest and most reliable ways to create a healthier inner terrain is by using inner shops. If more focus is put on developing a biophilic environment and increasing the usage of inner stores, more public health can be maintained at a lower cost and with less load on the health care system. As of yet, no standards have been set for fashionable interior stores or how they affect vibrant elements like internal ventilation, moisture content, and temperature. Thus, further experimental exploration is demanded that simulates the interior terrain to cover the impacts of inner shops on factors like moisture, temperature, and ventilation., in perfecting the medium of unrestricted space.

Study on the ability of indoor plants to absorb and purify benzene pollution

The ability of indoor plants to purify benzene pollution is the basic basis for the selection of plants for ecological remediation of indoor benzene pollution. In this study, the purification rate and the purification amount per unit leaf area of 13 test plants at three benzene concentrations were determined by indoor fumigation experiments, and the benzene absorption and purification abilityability of indoor plants were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that (1) there was a significant correlation between benzene concentration and purification rate and purification amount per unit leaf area. (2) At the three concentrations, Spathiphyllum floribundum showed the highest purification rate and Sansevieria trifasciata var. laurentii showed the highest purification per unit leaf area. (3) The combined results showed that Sansevieria trifasciata var. laurentii, Spathiphyllum floribundum and Aloe arborescens were the strongest absorbers and purifiers, while Podocarpus nagi and Anthurium andraeanum ‘Pink champin’ had the weakest absorption and purification capacity. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and reference for the selection of plants with strong capacities to adsorb and purify benzene pollution in indoor air.

Study of Botanical Music Integration using the Touché method

This study explores the integration of Touché's Swept Frequency Capacitive sensing technique with plant biology to understand plant responses to touch and to generate music from these interactions. The research involves the collection of various indoor plants such as Money Plant, Bamboo Plant, Oyster Plant, and Philodendron Plant, each with unique properties and benefits. Capacitive sensors are integrated with the plants, and Arduino boards are utilized to measure changes in capacitance upon touch. The electrical signals from plants are converted into musical notes using Max8 software, providing a dynamic interface for plant interaction. Results indicate that plants with thicker stems, such as bamboo and oyster plants, exhibit heightened sensitivity, potentially due to their higher water content and conductivity. The study also suggests succulent plants show promise in this regard. Through this interdisciplinary approach, insights are gained into plant sensory mechanisms and adaptive responses, bridging the gap between technology, biology, and music. Further investigations could delve into the specific mechanisms underlying plant sensitivity and explore the impact of music on plant growth and behaviour, offering new perspectives on plant communication and environmental responsiveness. Ultimately, this integration of technology with nature aims to promote growth without negative environmental impact.

Phytoremediation of formaldehyde by three selected non-native indoor plant species

Formaldehyde is an organic volatile compound and a commonly used chemical in various construction materials thus causing dwellers to be exposed to it inside a building. Its remediation from indoor air has been carried out through various techniques where potted plants and living walls are at the front foot. It is necessary to study plants under various conditions for their efficiency. We selected three plant species Epipremnum aureum, Chlorophytum comosum, and Spathiphyllum wallisii non-native of Bahrain. These plants were tested under normal conditions in a sealed fumigation box where formaldehyde concentration was kept ∼3 ppm, CO2 ∼ 450 ppm, light intensity 1000 Lx (equal to 13.5 µmol.m−2.s−1), irrigated with tap water. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical method was performed to test the significant differences of purification efficiencies of the tested indoor plants against HCHO. In addition, the statistical method was used to test the significant difference, if any, of the plants to CO2 emission because of absorbing HCHO. The physical health of plants and their short-term remediation ability reveals that all plants exhibited up to 70% remediation potential and tolerance to remediate the target chemical. It is evident that the impact of local environmental factors on the plants is negligible.

Delineating Dy3+ and Sm3+ in thermally stable strontium silicate apatites for multifunctional applications

The structural, optical and temperature dependent luminescence properties of a series of Sr2Y8-xREx(SiO4)6O2 (RE=Dy and Sm) silicate phosphors are investigated for their multifunctional applications. The phosphors were synthesized using the solid-state reaction route with varying doping levels and characterized for phase purity. X-ray Diffraction analysis revealed the hexagonal crystal structure of (Sr2RE2)(RE6)(SiO4)6O2, indicating the incorporation of rare earth (RE) ions into two distinct crystallographic sites, thereby augmenting the luminescence properties. Dy3+ doped compounds exhibit intense yellow emission, promising white light generation when paired with InGaN blue LED chips. Sm3+ doped samples show orange-red emission around 601 nm, attributed to multipole-multipole interactions, with rapid decay curves suitable for high-speed response LEDs. Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) values were computed to assess the commercial viability of these phosphors in luminescence applications and the role of lighting in the growth of indoor plants and office spaces is discussed. The Sr2Y7.8Dy0.2(SiO4)6O2 phosphor with remarkable quantum yield of 63.56% demonstrated a thermal stability of 0.27 eV with enhanced sensitivity of about 0.39% K−1 and Sr2Y7.8Sm0.2(SiO4)6O2 with stability around 0.31eV with sensitivity of 1.11% K⁻¹ at 100K reveals them as potential candidates for optical temperature sensing. These results declare the competence of synthesized novel silicate apatites in solid-state lighting and optical thermometry.

Bi3+/Mn4+ co-doped Y2MgTiO6 dual-emitting phosphors for plant growth lighting and temperature sensor

Novel Bi3+/Mn4+ co-doped Y2MgTiO6 dual-emitting phosphors were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-phase method. The crystal structure and luminescence properties of phosphors were systematically investigated by experimental characterization and theoretical calculation. Under excitation at 375 nm, Y2MgTiO6:Bi3+, Mn4+ phosphors exhibit two emission bands located at 410 nm and 696 nm (blue and red), which can well be matched with the absorption bands of chlorophylls a, b and phytochrome. The Y2MgTiO6: Bi3+, Mn4+ luminescence remains at 66.2 % intensity at 423 K and quantum yield is 52.06 %. Optical temperature properties of Y2MgTiO6:Bi3+, Mn4+ were investigated using fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) analysis and were found to reach a maximum relative sensitivity of 2.93 % K−1 at 498 K. The study suggests that this material could be a potential option for indoor plant culture and optical temperature sensing.

Design and Development of Automated Indoor Plant Monitoring System

Design and Development of Automated Indoor Plant Monitoring System

The Comparison of the Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) from Indoor Plants during Daytime and Nighttime using Frequency Detector

The Comparison of the Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) from Indoor Plants during Daytime and Nighttime using Frequency Detector

Characterization and sources of childhood PAEs exposure from residential airborne dust in China cities

To explore the multicenter characteristics of endocrine-like phthalate esters (PAEs) in household dust and propose effective control strategies for global indoor public health. An on-site observational investigation was conducted in nine Chinese cities from 2018 to 2019. A total of 246 household dust samples were collected and analyzed for ten PAE congeners using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Questionnaires were used to gather information on building conditions, indoor behaviors, and ventilation habits. In residential dust from the nine cities, the total concentrations of the ten PAE congeners (∑PAEs) ranged from 0.921 to 29097.297 µg/g. Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the dominant congeners in ∑PAEs. Childhood exposure to PAEs through dust ingestion was four orders of magnitude higher than through inhalation, with a carcinogenic risk of 5.47 × 10−6 for DEHP exposure in household dust. Higher ∑PAEs concentrations were associated with higher temperature, double glazing, wall paint usage, television and computer use, and indoor plant growth. This multicenter on-site investigation confirmed PAE pollution characteristics and uncovered the inacceptable risk of daily DEHP exposure in household dust under real living conditions. Effective mitigation measures based on household-related information, residential characteristics, decoration materials, and lifestyle should be taken to build a healthy household environment.

House Plants Cultivated in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng.)

House plants are mainly tropical and subtropical plants that grow in tropical and subtropical forests of Asia, Africa, America, and Australia. Therefore, in our conditions it is cultivated as a houseplant. Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. is one of the cultivated and favorite crescent plants of the Autonomous Republic. The species belongs to the genus ZantedeschiaSpreng. and the family Araceae. Zantedeschia aethiopica is native to South Africa. Used as a flower, green, indoor and outdoor ornamental plant. The genus is divided into 7 species and two subspecies. Fertilizer feeding is given to indoor plants 2-3 times a month from spring to autumn, provided that mineral fertilizers are alternated with organic ones. It is necessary to supply the solution mixed with fertilizer to indoor plants in such a way that it is applied to the soil in the pot, without spraying it on the leaves.

Urban Farming Growth Monitoring System Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Internet of Things (IOT)

As an introduction to this project, the growth-related traits, such as above-ground biomass and leaf area, are critical indicators to characterize the growth of indoor lettuce plants. Currently, non-destructive methods for estimating growth-related traits are subject to limitations in that the methods are susceptible to noise and heavily rely on manually designed features. It is also one of the problem statements in this project. Based on this project the next problem is manual control of nutrients may cause quality issues to the lettuce plant. If the nutrient supply is too much or less, it will disturb the growth of the lettuce plant either the lettuce plant is dead or stunted. This project is about urban farming growth monitoring system using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Internet of Things (IoT). In this project, a method for monitoring the growth of indoor lettuce plants was proposed by using digital images and an ANN using Deep Learning Architecture. DLA is mostly developed by the software of MATLAB or Python to insert and run the coding. DLA is mostly used for image detection, pattern recognition, and natural language processing through the graph for Neural Network. Next, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a medium to store images of indoor lettuce plant growth into the Cloud (Google Drive). Furthermore, it takes indoor lettuce plant images as the input, an ANN was trained to learn the relationship between images and the corresponding growth- related traits with other fixed parameters. The pH level parameters were controlled by other fixed parameters to take the images of indoor lettuce plant growth. The parameters used in this project are temperature and humidity. This helps to compare the results of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), widely adopted methods were also used. Concisely, this project is expected to develop the Deep Learning Architecture using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with digital images as a robust tool for the monitoring of the growth of indoor lettuce plants every 30 minutes per day. Generally, focused on an urban farming growth monitoring system using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Houseplant leaf classification system based on deep learning algorithms

AbstractBotanical experts are typically relied upon to classify houseplants since even subtle differences in characteristics such as leaves can distinguish one species from another. Therefore, an automated system for recognizing houseplant leaves with accuracy and reliability becomes a valuable asset for the identification of indoor plant species. In this paper, a houseplant leaf classification system utilizing deep learning algorithms is proposed, which has been improved to effectively classify and identify a variety of houseplant leaf types. The system uses the ResNet-50 architecture based on convolutional neural network to analyze features of the leaf images and extract relevant information for classification. In addition, this work presents a newly constructed local dataset consisting of 2500 images to classify species of houseplant leaves. The dataset includes ten types of houseplant leaves that are suitable for cultivation in various climates at home. The dataset was augmented using data augmentation algorithms to increase its size and reduce overfitting. The developed system was training and testing using a local dataset. To evaluate the improved model, comparative experiments were conducted utilizing pre-trained models (original ResNet-50 and MobileNet_v2). The improved model revealed recognition accuracy of 99% with the augmented dataset and 98.60% without the augmentation, affirming its effectiveness. The improved model could potentially be used in various fields, including horticulture, plant pathology, and environmental monitoring to identify plant species.

Enhancing Indoor Well-being: A Multifunctional Approach to Indoor Living with Plants and Pegboards

In recent times, there has been a noticeable trend towards increased indoor living, driven by the allure of convenience. However, this trend has raised concerns about heightened exposure to indoor pollutants, which significantly impact air quality and contribute to stress. Indoor plants are renowned for their air-purifying and stress-reducing qualities, serving as natural solutions to enhance indoor air quality. Nevertheless, many people struggle to care for them due to time constraints or a lack of expertise. This research endeavors to bridge the gap between the benefits of indoor plants and the hurdles of their maintenance. Furthermore, it acknowledges the significance of decluttering indoor spaces to alleviate stress, with pegboards emerging as a popular organizational choice. The primary objective of this study is to introduce an innovative solution: a modular, magnetic pegboard system featuring purpose-built modules. This multifunctional pegboard system serves a dual purpose. Firstly, it streamlines organization, effectively reducing the stress induced by desk clutter. Secondly, it fosters an environment conducive to indoor plant care, making it accessible to all, including those with limited horticultural knowledge.Additionally, strategically placed indoor plants can offer natural shade and insulation, potentially reducing the need for excessive heating or cooling in indoor spaces. This, in turn, can lead to lower energy consumption and decreased greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with sustainable material use. Pegboards constructed from sustainable materials, such as wood, can indeed be eco-friendly choices that contribute to the overall reduction of the environmental footprint in living spaces.The primary focus of this study centers on the design, development, and implementation of this user-friendly pegboard system, underscored by its adaptability and positive impact on indoor well-being, air quality, and sustainability. By means of this innovation, the research aspires to elevate indoor spaces, fostering healthier and more harmonious living and working environments, well-being, and air quality.

Removal of Cadmium from Public Smoking area Soil using indoor Plants and Electrical Grounding

Objectives : In this study, the absorption of heavy metals in the soil from smoking areas using indoor plants and electrical grounding was investigated to increase the utility of indoor plants for soil decontamination.Methods : Soil from plant pots in a smoking area was collected for the experimental plant pot preparations. Some of the prepared pots were connected to electrical ground via an electrode. Kidney beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) were seeded, and their growth were observed. After 30 days of the cultivation, TOC (Total Organic Carbon), and metagenomics profiles in the soil was analyzed. To estimate the behavior of the heavy metals in soil and plants, Cadmium concentrations in the samples were analyzed using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry).Results and Discussion : The connection of the electrical ground to the plant pot induced the rapid growth of plant (48.2 ± 2.3% increase in stem growth), compare to the plant in the pot without the electrical ground. TOC analysis showed that the soil from the grounded pots showed the highest value, compared to the control soil (3.08 ± 1.22%), and the soil from the pot without ground connection (2.3 ± 0.1%). The ICP-MS analysis indicated that the plant body in the grounded pot had the highest cadmium concentration at 0.33 ± 0.018 μg/kg. Using the metagenomic analysis, biomineralization related bacterial species (<i>Nocardioides</i> sp., <i>Streptomyces</i> sp., <i>Sphingomonas</i> sp. etc.) were identified from the grounded soil sample. These results suggested that the indoor plant cultivation with the electrical ground connection as an electrical fertilizer enhances the cadmium absorption by plant, exudate secretion from the plant root, and bacterial flora change in the rhizosphere.Conclusion Cadmium in the soil from the smoking area was absorbed by indoor plant with the electrical ground. Therefore, the application of the electrical ground connection (earth) to the electrically insulated outdoor plant pots might enhance the plant growth rate and physiological activity. This application could be a novel soil decontamination method using plants.

Enhancing the luminescence of Mn4+-doped double perovskite oxide Ca2LuNbO6 phosphor by utilizing A-site cationic fluoride as a flux

Supplement illumination is indispensable in the indoor plant cultivation domain. In this research work, double perovskite Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ phosphors were produced. A strategy of enhancing luminescence performance by utilizing A-site cationic fluoride as a flux was proposed. The structure and morphology of Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ phosphor was characterized. Under the excitation of 360 nm, the emission spectra of Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ phosphor cover from 600 nm to 750 nm peaking at 683 nm. It benefits the red section of chlorophyll absorption band and possesses the wavelengths of 680 nm and 700 nm demanded by photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) to realize Emerson enhancement effect. After adding CaF2 as flux, the emission intensity increases by 2.5 times. Due to its compatibility with the A-site cation of host, CaF2 agent not only lower the sintering temperature but also increase the crystallite size, which result in the enhancement of luminescence. The Dq/B and optical band gap of Ca2LuNbO6 host is 2.32 and 3.79 eV, respectively, which show that Mn4+ ions locate in the [NbO6] octahedra of strong crystal field and host has the suitable optical band gap for Mn4+ ions. With the help of CaF2, the thermal stability, activation energy ΔEa, internal quantum efficiency of Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ phosphors are promoted at 373 K from 64.8% to 70.7% of that at 273 K, from 0.33 to 0.36 eV, and from 9.1% to 23.5%. The luminescence lifetime of Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ is the order of a fraction of a millisecond. Finally, the as-prepared Ca2LuNb0.996O6:0.004Mn4+ phosphor was successfully fabricated through a 365 nm near ultraviolet (NUV) chip, which has the peak wavelengths of 683 nm and possesses 680 nm and 700 nm demanded by PS I and PS II. It is implied that Ca2LuNbO6:Mn4+ phosphor-converted light emitting diode has prospective market in the domain of supplement illumination of plant cultivation.

Double-perovskite LaBaZnTa1-xMnxO6 phosphors for wide-range optical thermometer and high-quality WLED devices

Due to the huge food demand of the population, the luminescent materials with excellent performance applied for indoor plant cultivation have been extensively studied. In this work, a series of Mn4+-doped LaBaZnTaO6 phosphors in were synthesized and its luminescence mechanism has been researched in detail. Due to their broad absorption band, they could be effectively excited by the NUV to blue LED chip. Importantly, suitable emission in the red region overlapped with the absorption of plant pigments making it possible to be used in indoor plant cultivation. On the other hand, high-sensitivity non-contact optical temperature sensor is the focus of current research, so the optical thermometer-based lifetime model also was designed and investigated in this work. Interestingly, the maximum relative sensitivity was 1.38 %K−1@473 K, suggesting a good development potential of the sample in optical thermometry. Finally, the warm WLED device was fabricated and achieved a superior CRI value of 90.95 and a good CCT of 3582 K. All the obtained results suggest that it could become a promising red component to be applied in optical thermometer and lighting sources.