Indonesian Ulema Council Research Articles

Analisis Sistem Pengawasan MUI Terhadap Sertifikat Halal pada UMKM di Kota Surakarta

This study aims to analyze the role of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in supervising the halal certification process for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Surakarta City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, involving MSME actors, MUI Surakarta officers, and a number of related documents. The results of the study indicate that MUI has an important role in ensuring the halalness of products and increasing consumer confidence. Initially, halal certification was issued by MUI Surakarta, but now the authority has been transferred to the Halal Product Guarantee Organizing Agency (BPJPH) under the Ministry of Religion. However, MUI still has a role in supervision through its fatwas and monitoring of products in circulation. MSMEs in Surakarta face challenges in obtaining halal certification, such as limited resources and knowledge of certification procedures. However, halal certification not only benefits consumers, but also producers, because products with a halal label can increase customer trust and loyalty. The effectiveness of the MUI supervision system in Surakarta already has a strong foundation, but there is still a need for improvement, especially in facing the challenges of the digital era and dynamic regulatory changes. This study presents a new approach with a focus on the analysis of the MUI supervision system for halal certification of MSMEs in Surakarta based on product identification, type, nature, and characteristics. The final result is that the role of MUI in facilitating and supervising the halal certification process is very important to improve the effectiveness of supervision and facilitate MSME access to halal certification. This study provides valuable insights for policy makers and halal industry players in improving the effectiveness of supervision and facilitating MSME access to halal certification.

Integration of Wasaṭiyyah Values in the Curriculum at Modern Islamic Boarding Schools in Central Sulawesi

This research discusses integrating wasaṭiyyah values into the curriculum of modern Islamic boarding schools in Central Sulawesi. This research examines two problems, namely wasaṭiyyah values incorporated in the modern Islamic boarding school curriculum and the approach used in integrating these wasaṭiyyah values. This research uses a qualitative case study method. The data was collected through direct food observations, in-depth interviews with several informants, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach that focused on the main themes that emerged during data analysis. The research findings reveal that wasaṭiyyah values are integrated with both Islamic boarding schools based on the values developed by the Indonesian Ulema Council. These values include Tawassuṭ, Tawāzun, I'tidāl, Tasāmuḥ, Musāwāh, Shūrā, Islāh, Awlawiyyah, Taṭawwur wa ibtikār, and Tahaddur. The integration process also includes other values related to the five soul values that underlie the life of the two Islamic boarding schools. Integrating wasaṭiyyah values in the two Islamic boarding schools was done through a contributive-cultural, integrated-intra-curricular, textual-additive, and contextually applicable approach. Wasaṭiyyah values are integrated into the curriculum through the Prescribed/intended curriculum, also called the core curriculum and Hidden Curriculum. Site 1 (Modern Darussalam Gontor Campus 11 Ittihadul Ummah Poso) adds the Tested curriculum type. The theoretical implication of this research is a deeper understanding of the interaction between tradition and modernity in Islamic education, especially in modern Islamic boarding schools.

Analysis of The Legal Arguments in The Fatwa of The National Sharia Council of The Indonesian Ulema Council Number 22 Of 2002 Concerning Parallel Istishna

This research aims to analyze the relevance and accuracy of the legal arguments in the National Sharia Council Fatwa No. 22/2002 on Parallel Istishna. With a qualitative research method and normative legal approach, the analysis in this study adapts the method used by Haisy (2019). The results show that the arguments of parallel istishna, which consist of hadith, fiqh rules, and aqliyah rules, are relevant to the content of the fatwa, especially in the fiqh rules section. However, to improve the accuracy and applicability of the evidence, it can be supplemented with other sharing evidence that is closer to the study of parallel istishna, including Surah Al-Kahf Verse 94, hadith related to the making of rings and pulpits, ijma' amaly, and istihsan. This research contributes to the study of parallel istishna, namely in terms of helping to identify and summarise the shar'i arguments as the legal basis for parallel istishna.

Reevaluating the Legal Status of Monosodium Glutamate Consumption: The Indonesian Ulema Council’s Fatwas and Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah

This article examines the consistency of the MUI Fatwa regarding Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) from a Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah standpoint. The legal issue addressed in this research arises from the ongoing debate regarding the consumption of MSG. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) has issued a fatwa declaring that MSG consumption is permissible (halal), provided that it is produced from halal ingredients and is processed, packaged, marketed, distributed, and served in compliance with Islamic law. However, numerous studies have highlighted the adverse effects associated with MSG consumption. This research employs a normative-empirical approach to Islamic law. The primary normative data consists of the MUI fatwa concerning flavoring products, specifically monosodium glutamate, which contains amino acids, as well as various sources discussing Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah. The primary empirical data is derived from interviews with MUI board members regarding their perspectives on the relevant fatwa. Additionally, non-legal sources, including scientific literature on MSG, are utilized. Through this methodological approach, the research yielded several key findings. Although the MUI has declared MSG consumption as halal, individuals must still adhere to the safety guidelines established by the WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The MUI further advises against excessive or prolonged consumption of MSG due to its harmful effects on one’s well-being, including the soul, mind, reproductive system, beliefs, and property, all of which Islamic law mandates to be safeguarded. Consequently, the research concludes that the MUI fatwa, along with the explanations provided by its members, aligns closely with the principles of Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah, as the prevention of harm takes precedence over the pursuit of benefits.

Implementation of Halal Industry Policy as A Support for Halal Tourism In Lombok

In recent years, Lombok has emerged as a leading halal tourist destination in Indonesia and globally, supported by halal policies aimed at attracting Muslim and local tourists. These policies, including the Regional Regulation of West Nusa Tenggara Province Number 2 of 2016 on Halal Tourism and Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Guarantee, have positively impacted the tourism industry. This study addresses three main questions: (1) How are halal industry policies implemented to support halal tourism in Lombok? (2) How has the halal industry developed to support this tourism? (3) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing these policies?. The research is descriptive with a qualitative approach, using primary data from interviews and secondary data from relevant documents. Purposive sampling was employed, targeting officials from the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Tourism and Industry Offices, the Indonesian Ulema Council of West Nusa Tenggara, tourism business actors, MSMEs, foreign and domestic tourists, and local communities. Data collection involved interviews, observation, and documentation, with data analysis through reduction, collection, and summarization. The study finds that implementing halal industrial policies has increased Muslim tourist numbers and strengthened Lombok's image as a halal destination. However, challenges remain, such as developing specialized halal tourism areas according to regional regulations without disrupting conventional tourism, improving services, providing halal facilities, and offering education and training for industry players.

ANALISIS FATWA DSN MUI NO: 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN DANA TBDSP DI BTPN SYARIAH PERIODE TAHUN 2020-2023

Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Negara (BTPN) also develops BTPN with Sharia principles. Islamic banking management also has funds that cannot be recognized as income (TBDSP), the TBDSP funds are used for community social activities. In receiving and distributing TBDSP funds to Sharia Banks, the National Sharia Board (DSN) of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) issued Fatwa Number 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018. The purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation of Fatwa DSN MUI No. 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 against the use of TBDSP funds. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature study approach. The data used was obtained from BTPN Syariah's annual performance report for the 2020-2023 period, the website of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), the website of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). As a result of this research, BTPN Syariah has implemented fatwa DSN MUI Number 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 in managing TBDSP funds for the 2020-2023 period by using these funds for social activities. In distributing TBDSP funds, BTPN Syariah helps communities affected by Covid 19 and assists the government in the recovery and empowerment of MSMEs after Covid 19. This implementation is that the use of TBDSP funds by BTPN Syariah does not contradict sharia principles, as stipulated in Fatwa DSN MUI Number 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018.

The Attitude of Women on the Manufacturing of the Indonesian Ulama Council of North Sumatra Regarding the Documentary Video of the Polemic of Polygamy in Indonesia: Sharing Heaven on Vice Indonesia's Youtube Channel

This research examines the cognitive, affective and conative responses of women administrators of the North Sumatra Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) to the documentary video "Polygamy Polemic in Indonesia: Sharing Heaven" on the Vice Indonesia YouTube channel. This research involved non-participatory observation and in-depth interviews. There were six research informants and one triangulation informant. The information received resulted in saturated data. The results showed that the informants negotiated the film's content cognitively and affectively. Although they recognize the legal legitimacy of polygamy, they conatively refuse to engage in polygamous marriages. Apart from that, there are concerns among women administrators of the North Sumatra MUI that this broadcast could create negative stereotypes and position polygamy as an ambiguous law in Islam so that its practice is no longer relevant to carry out

The Legal Position of the Indonesian Ulema Council in Applying the Principles of Islamic Law in Islamic Banking Operations in Indonesia

National economic development through the establishment of Islamic Banks is an implementation of Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The presence of Islamic Banking in the national economy is a strategic legal policy of the government because its operations are based on the principles of Islamic law, namely principles derived from the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma', and Qiyas. However, in its application, these principles of Islamic law are manifested in the form of fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) as a source of positive law for Islamic banking. Therefore, this study raises legal issues related to the legal position of the Indonesian Ulema Council in the application of sharia principles to Islamic Banking operations in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze and determine the legal position of the Indonesian Ulema Council in the application of sharia principles to Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The research method used is normative research, which provides answers to the problems raised with the perspective of what should be done. The results of the study indicate that the DSN-MUI fatwa has a crucial role as a positive legal basis in the operation of Islamic Banking in Indonesia, although formally it is not a statutory regulation. The implications of this study indicate the importance of recognizing and strengthening the role of the DSN-MUI in the national legal system to ensure compliance of Islamic Banking operations with applicable sharia principles.

Fostering the Ummah's Economy Through the Stockinvestment System: The Views of the Mui for Sustainabledevelopment Goals (SDGS)

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the role of the stock investment system in fostering the people's economy, focusing on the views of the Indonesian Ulema Council/ Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) on its contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study also aims to identify factors that support or hinder the implementation of the stock investment system in the economic context of the people in PT Suryamu. Theoretical Framework: This study uses the Islamic economic framework and principles advocated by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). The stock investment system is seen as a potential instrument to promote people's economic participation and support sustainable economic development, in accordance with Islamic values that prioritize justice, transparency, and common prosperity. Methods: The data in this study was collected through the analysis of fatwa documents or guidelines issued by the MUI related to stock investment, as well as related literature studies. The collected data were analyzed thematically to identify key patterns and significant findings. This research is a type of field research using a qualitative approach, where the data will be analyzed with the fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council NO: 135 / DSN-MUI / V / 2020 concerning stocks. Results and Conclusion: The results of this study show that: 1) There is clarity of the contract at the beginning of the transaction, investors use the shirkah contract, some investors are chosen to be representatives of several investors using the wakalah bil istitsmar contract and the employees who work according to the work contract set by the company use the ijarah contract. 2) The parties who are associated are Muhammadiyah investors who already have a Muhammadiyah membership card as a condition to invest their funds in PT Suryamu. 3) The object of the contract is in the form of shares in the form of letters whose initial value of shares per share is Rp 100.000,-. From the point of view of the fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council NO: 135/DSN-MUI/V/2020 regarding shares is by the criteria set by the fatwa. Research implications: The Company's stock investment meets sharia criteria with well-managed potential risks. So the implications and recommendations are to continue taking investment. Originality/value: Research on sharia stock investment with the fatwa approach of the Indonesian ulema council is very unique, specially studied in companies that carry out the concept of sharia.

Reasoning Ecological Fatwas: The Progressive Response of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) to the Phenomenon of Climate Change in Indonesia

This article aims to discuss the epistemological footing of MUI's ecological fatwa and its contribution in responding to the phenomenon of climate change. Today's environmental crisis is no longer a threat to the earth, but has become a reality. Climate change that occurs on a national and global scale leaves a negative impact on the lives of the earth's inhabitants. One of the causes of the environmental crisis is the attitude of humans who are not friendly to the environment. Humans as God's ambassadors on earth are arbitrary in utilizing the potential of natural resources destructively and exploitatively. Therefore, guidance is needed for Muslims in their interactions with the surrounding environment. MUI as a religious authority has contributed in overcoming the environmental crisis and climate change. The ecological fatwas issued by MUI are expected to be able to change the attitude and behavior of Muslims to become environmentally aware (eco-literacy). Epistemologically, MUI's environmentally friendly fatwas are based on maqāṣid sharī'ah reasoning through maslahat-mafsadat analysis. The approach used in finding the value of the spirit of environmental conservation is based on naṣ qaṭ'ī, qaulī and manhajī methods. These three sources of knowledge are formulated in an environmentally friendly fatwa product as a response to the environmental crisis that has become a global discourse today. Thus, MUI's fatwa can function as a tool of social control and a tool of social engineering at the same time.

Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk dan PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia pada Tahun 2020-2023

The purpose of financial statements is to provide data that refers to the financial function, achievements (business results) of an organization and adjustments to the financial function of an institution that are beneficial to customers in making financial decisions. The research method used is a quantitative method. This research method uses literature research, which is a technique of collecting records of the use of notes and analyzing theories from various literature related to research. The improvement of Islamic banking through laws, guidelines for Indonesian financial institutions and the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council with the existence of the Sharia-MUI Council is a concrete and tangible step as an effort to realize the dream of mankind for Islamic banking services and products in Indonesia in 2017. in accordance with modern trends. The decline in capital in Muamalat financial institutions shows that this financial group is starting to experience difficulties. Muamalat economic institutions need a capital boom to increase their capital ratio. With this additional capital, it will be able to help capital at Bank Muamalat Indonesia.

Implications of Hamka’s thoughts in tafsir al-Azhar on the standpoint of Islamic social organizations in preventing authoritarianism in Indonesia

Indonesian Islamic social organizations not only function as religious organizations but they serve as interest groups as well. Islamic social organizations are often faced with a dilemma of engaging in practical political matters or otherwise. This study analyzes thoughts and practices relating to the relationship between Islamic social organizations and the state. Study data were mined from Hamka’s thoughts in his seminal work Tafsir al-Azhar and historical documents of Muhammadiyah and the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia – MUI) during the early period of the New Order, i.e., 1970-1980. The research questions posed in this study refer to how did Hamka interpret Qur’anic verses containing messages regarding the relationship between society and state and what are their implications on the practices of Indonesian Islamic social organizations in their relational dynamics with the state. Study results indicate that Hamka’s thoughts in Tafsir al-Azhar consider syura (deliberation) as a determinant in the relationship between society and state, and distinction between state and religious authority. The implications that Hamka’s thoughts had on the standpoint of Muhammadiyah as an Islamic social organization was its ability to separate itself from its political party affiliation. Muhammadiyah until 1960s was a special member of the Masyumi party. Following its separation with the Masyumi party, Muhammadiyah became an independent non-government civil institution that is critical of the state. As a civil institution, Muhammadiyah succeeded in playing its role as a civil society organization (CSO) and keeping the political regime to develop into an authoritarian and repressive state.

Halal aspect and nutritional potential of telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) flower kombucha

Abstract Public awareness of halal aspects is increasing, especially for foods. Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) states that fermented drinks are halal if they contain alcohol below 0.5%. Several compounds are produced during the fermentation process in kombucha, including the compound ethanol (alcohol). This research aims to analyze the alcohol content and nutritional content of telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) flower kombucha drinks to fulfil halal aspects and nutritional potential. This research is an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely storage time at five observation points (0 weeks, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks). The alcohol content was analyzed using a method using Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection- Head Space (GC-FID). Nutrient content analysis consists of analysis of water, ash, energy, energy from fat and protein content, and carbohydrate analysis carried out by difference. Total sugar content was analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The alcohol content increases during the storage period. Alcohol content is in the range of 0.15-0.17%. This content meets halal aspects with a content of <0.5% following MUI regulations. Statistical analysis using ANOVA showed that storage had no significant effect on alcohol content (p>0.05). Telang flower kombucha contains 117.46 calories of energy, 29.37 grams of carbohydrates, 0.02 grams of fat, 0.04 grams of protein, and 16 grams of sugar per 100 ml.

Induction Lactation in Islamic Law Studies and Indonesian Positive Law

This study aims to examine the legal status of the practice of induced lactation using synthetic hormone injections under Islamic law and Indonesian positive law, as well as its impact on the status of the nursing child and mahram relationships. This is a literature study that analyzes texts from Indonesian positive law, the perspectives of the four Islamic schools of thought, fatwas from the Indonesian Ulama Council on radha'ah , and other supporting articles. The focus is on elucidating legal values and norms, as well as supporting arguments, using a comparative method between Islamic and Indonesian positive law. The library data are analyzed comparatively using a juridical-normative approach to illustrate the legislative scope of both legal systems and highlight aspects that remain contentious. Findings indicate that the practice of induced lactation with synthetic hormone injections is permissible in both Islamic and Indonesian positive law, provided that the substances used are free from haram elements and do not pose health risks to the woman or the child. However, according to the four Islamic schools of thought, the status of the nursing child is still determined by the origin of the milk production, not by the use of synthetic hormones.

Comparative Analysis of the Hiwalah Fatwa between Indonesia and Malaysia

The objective of this study is to examine the differences and similarities in the application and interpretation of the fatwa on hawalah contracts between the Indonesian Ulema Council and the Malaysian Fatwa Committee. The research methodology employed in this study is qualitative research, employing a comparative approach. Following the collection of data from fatwas, books, and other literature, the data is subjected to inductive analysis in order to yield the results of this study. The analysis of similarities and differences, as well as compatibility with Islamic law, conducted between the DSN-MUI fatwa and the Regional Mufti of Biscotuan's fatwa on hawalah has led to the following conclusions: DSN Fatwa No. 12/DSN-MUI/IV/2000: The aforementioned fatwa is in accordance with Shariah principles as it fulfils the elements and conditions of hawalah without an increase in rent or profit. Fatwa No. 58/DSN-MUI/V/2007: The aforementioned instrument is not fully compliant with Shariah principles because it allows for the imposition of fees in the context of a pending hawalah transaction, which may potentially lead to riba. In contrast, the Mufti of Persekutuan Province has issued a fatwa that is compatible with Shariah principles. This fatwa ensures that hawala transactions are only between two parties with a debt-to-debt relationship and that no fees are charged. Consequently, the instrument avoids the imposition of usury. In this context, the fatwa of the Pijapat Persekutuan Mufti is more rigorous in maintaining compliance with Sharia principles, particularly in preventing usury. Although Islamic financial institutions recognise hawalah as a practical necessity, they must exercise caution to ensure that they do not contravene the fundamental Shariah principle of prohibiting usury.

The Role of Religiosity, Consumer Animosity, and Ethnocentrism in Explaining the Boycott Motivation

The protracted conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas group, culminating with an Israeli offensive in October 2023, has caused significant suffering to the Palestinian people. The response to the attack, including international support and a fatwa from the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), has prompted Indonesians to boycott products linked to Israel. This study aims to investigate the effect of religiosity, animosity and ethnocentrism on the motivation for boycotting Unilever Indonesia products related to the company's commitment to Israel, focusing on these factors. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with the SEM-PLS approach. The application used is SmartPLS version 4.0.0 with sample data used by 162 respondents through the distribution of questionnaires. The results show that the variables religiosity, consumer animosity and ethnocentrism have a positive and significant influence on the motivation to boycott Unilever Indonesia products. These findings highlight the importance of paying attention to psychological and social factors in the analysis of consumer behavior and their impact on companies and society at large. It also suggests that companies must take into account the social and political implications of their policies, as well as understand the values and beliefs underlying consumers' motivations for boycotting.

Optimization of Cash Waqf-Based Crowdfunding: An Alternative Finance for Quality Education

Education in Indonesia still has significant problems such as the lack of adequate learning facilities, the low quality of education, the high cost of education and the large number of students who drop out of school. The main problem of Indonesian education is the high cost of education, making it difficult for students with middle to lower economy to continue their education. Waqf as an Islamic philanthropy can be a solution to education financing, supported by the MUI Fatwa with the provision of waqf developed with sharia securities through crowdfunding platforms. The regulation of cash waqf through the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) Fatwa was developed following the times in Fatwa No. 140/DSN-MUI/VIII/2021 which explains waqf as one of the sharia securities as financing waqf. However, the collection of waqf funds for education financing is still not optimal. So, this research aims to provide an alternative to waqf as an Islamic social financing system that can develop the quality of education in Indonesia with the aim of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) in creating quality education. This research method uses library research method with literature study analysis through MUI fatwa approach. The results of this study explain the contract scheme that can make it easier for waqif to waqf through crowdfunding in the form of education financing investment, namely the wakalah bil istismar contract and the syirkah contract. However, crowdfunding for education financing is not widely applied for.

Harmonization of Tradition and Islam: Mediating Culture and Religious Beliefs in Maccera Tasi Ritual in Luwu, South Sulawesi

This study explores the Maccera Tasi tradition in Bonepute Village, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, examining its intersection with Islam and local culture. Recently, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of South Sulawesi deemed this long-standing tradition as shirk, or polytheistic, asserting that it contradicts Islamic law. This declaration was made by the MUI’s fatwa commission following public reports about rituals involving offerings of livestock heads, such as cows, buffalo, or goats, or other food into the ocean. In response to these reports, the Regional MUI team conducted a field research whose findings were reported to the South Sulawesi MUI. This report served as the basis for the aforementioned announcement. While some perceive the Maccera Tasi practice as an expression of gratitude for the harvest, others label it as shirk (polytheism). The present study employed field research, utilizing qualitative descriptive analysis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research participants included religious leaders, traditional leaders, community leaders and local government representatives from Bonepute. The findings of this research suggest that religion and local traditions can coexist, fostering social cohesion without infringing upon Islamic law. This harmonious coexistence encourages the Bonepute community, particularly fishermen, to express gratitude for the blessings bestowed by Allah SWT. This gratitude is manifested through prayer, the release of seeds, and marine fish food, which are interpreted as forms of environmental stewardship. Therefore, this study contends that the perception of the Maccera Tasi practice as polytheistic is inaccurate. Instead, this practice represents an Islamic expression of preserving local culture through a process of religious and cultural assimilation.

Islamic Law and Environment Issues: Indonesian Ulama Council’s Fatwas on Climate Change

Climate change is critical as it impacts people’s lives on the globe. With the value of raḥmatan li al-’ālamīn, Muslims can contribute to the issue, one of which is by the issuance of fatwa. It is an opinion expressed by Islamic jurists regarding the legal position of a new societal issue when there is no explicit legal provision. Although non-binding, fatwas are essential guidelines for Muslims. In the context of climate change, fatwas can represent the moral position of Indonesian Muslims towards contemporary global issues. The study indicates that MUI has been progressive in responding to climate change through fatwas. These fatwas can be classified as having direct and indirect effects and conceptually related to climate change. However, fatwas that directly address climate change as a central issue are still lacking in MUI’s fatwas. Abstrak: Perubahan iklim sangatlah penting untuk dikaji karena hal itu berdampak pada kehidupan manusia di dunia. Dengan nilai raḥmatan li al-’ālamīn, umat Islam dapat berkontribusi dalam permasalahan tersebut yang di antaranya dengan dengan mengeluarkan fatwa. Fatwa merupakan pendapat yang dikemukakan oleh para ahli hukum Islam mengenai kedudukan hukum suatu persoalan masyarakat yang baru apabila tidak ada ketentuan hukum yang tegas. Meski tidak mengikat, fatwa merupakan pedoman penting bagi umat Islam. Dalam konteks perubahan iklim, fatwa dapat mewakili posisi moral umat Islam Indonesia terhadap isu-isu global kontemporer. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Ulama Indoesia (MUI) telah bersikap progresif dalam menyikapi permasalahan ini melalui fatwa. Fatwa-fatwa tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi fatwa yang berdampak langsung dan tidak langsung secara konseptual yang terkait dengan perubahan iklim. Namun, fatwa yang secara langsung membahas perubahan iklim sebagai isu sentral masih belum ada dalam fatwa MUI.

Minimizing the Scarcity of Ulama in The Disruption Era: Existence and Strategy of Islamic Higher Education Institutions in Preparing Ulama

The scarcity of ulama is a major concern in Islamic education because the higher education system is no longer considered adequate to produce graduates with a deep understanding of religion according to the demands of the times. This research aims to analyze the ulama regeneration program in Medan, focusing on the existence, materials, learning strategies, and obstacles faced. This research was conducted at the Higher Education for the Cadre of Ulama of the Indonesian Ulama Council of North Sumatra and Al-Washliyah University. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman techniques supported by Atlas Ti software. The results revealed that in Islamic higher institutions in Medan City there are two ulama regeneration institutions, namely under the auspices of the Indonesian Ulama Council of North Sumatra which has been established since 2006 and under the auspices of Al-Washliyah University which was established in 2022. The dominant regeneration material is Islamic science based on classical Islamic books (turast). The dominant learning strategy is completing the book, supported by research and community service activities. In the implementation, there are internal constraints in the form of student input, budget limitations and external constraints are the misalignment of internal and government curricula. This research has implications for practical recommendations for Islamic higher education institutions to strengthen their capacity to produce competent scholars