Out of the clamor and heat of Sukarno's Indonesia's confrontation with the Old Established Forces emerged an image of a revolutionary Indonesian foreign policy determinedly revisionist and implacably opposed to the maintenance or extension of Western power and influence in the Afro-Asian sphere. Sukarno's Indonesian Revolution was actively opposed to, and hitting hard at, all forms of imperialism and colonialism wherever they occur.' Indonesia did not refrain from acts calculated to upset the status quo in Southeast Asia, and indeed justified them in terms of its anti-imperialist ideology. Yet, at the same time that Indonesia was claiming its place in the vanguard of the New Emerging Forces, it accepted the tangible presence of traditional imperialism on its own doorstep. Indonesia, the most aggressively anti-imperialist political unit in South Asia, is contiguous with, surrounds, and peacefully coexists with one of the two anachronistic vestiges of Portuguese Asian empire-Portuguese Timor (the other fragment being, of course, Macao). D. G. E. Hall, surveying the impermanence of Portuguese dominance in Asia, wrote Yet when all has been said regarding the moribund state of the Portuguese empire at the end of the sixteenth century, the fact remains that, like Charles II, it took an unconscionable time in dying. 2 That it is in fact not dead within the territorial area occupied by Indonesia is a piquant anomoly given the ideological bias of Indonesian foreign policy. An examination of Portuguese Timor as a problem for Indonesian foreign policy within the context of the proclaimed policy goals provides some insights into the determinants of Indonesia's revolutionary approach to the world, particularly the relationship between ideology and interest, as well as illuminates the possible future of Portuguese imperialism in the archipelago. Portuguese Timor Timor is the easternmost of the string of islands arching eastwards from Java to the Banda Sea which are known collectively as the Lesser Sundas (Indonesian: Nusa Tenggara). The entire island is about 300 miles long with an average width of 60 miles. Portuguese Timor consists of the eastern half of the island (approximately 5,700 square miles), the coastal enclave of Occussi-Ambenu in western Timor, and the two islands of Atauro and Jaco, for a total area of 7,383 square miles (New Jersey-7,836 square miles). The capital and only urban center is Dili (Dilli, Dilly)