Indonesian Respondents Research Articles

Reducing food waste for environmental sustainability: study in Indonesia

Abstract Food waste is one of the problems that must be resolved immediately considering the difficulty of this type of waste to be reprocessed. Food waste has negative economic, social and environmental consequences and occurs most often during the consumption stage, especially in households. Thus, to assist Indonesian policies aimed at minimizing food waste, the purpose of this research is to comprehend consumer food waste behavior (FWB). This study explains this phenomenon using awareness, knowledge, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The results of analysis from 205 Indonesian respondents using PLS-SEM found that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had a significant influence on food waste avoidance intention (FWAI) which ultimately could minimize FWB. However, it has been demonstrated that awareness has little impact on consumer understanding, which in turn has no impact on FWAI and FWB. These results can provide an idea for regulators in Indonesia regarding the variables that must be influenced so that consumer behavior can be changed, and food waste can be reduced. The results of this investigation also contribute to realizing Goal No. 12 of the Sustainable Development Agenda, which is responsible for production and consumption.

Trend-Driven Innovation for RTE Food Market: A Comparison Study Between Consumers from Malaysia and Indonesia

The ready-to-eat (RTE) food market is growing worldwide. Nevertheless, a limited study was found where researchers compare consumer behavioral intention toward RTE foods between countries. This study compares consumers in Malaysia and Indonesia regarding their food preferences and behavioral intentions toward RTE foods. Using a quantitative cross-sectional approach, the researchers developed an online survey and distributed the survey link to consumers aged 18 years and above from both countries via social media platforms. The dataset comprised 321 responses from Malaysia and 262 from Indonesia. Based on the analyses, findings reported some similarities and differences in consumer preferences and behavior intention between both countries. The highest percentages of Malaysian respondents were recorded for plant-based, genetically modified, gluten-free, and allergen-free foods. Interestingly, the highest percentage of Indonesian respondents reported for insect-based food than the Malaysians. More Malaysian consumers preferred ethnic foods from different cultures than Indonesians. About the same highest percentages of consumers from both countries preferred cell-cultured meat, 3D printed foods, and vegan foods. For Malaysian samples, attitude and subjective norms significantly influenced their behavior intention toward RTE foods. For Indonesian samples, subjective norms and behavioral control significantly influence consumer behavior intention toward RTE foods. Findings are relevant for food producers and marketers to explore the young consumer market and to identify new products to fulfill the market demand. This study broadens and deepens the current understanding of both countries' RTE food trends and consumer behavioral patterns. Food producers should promote RTE food products by highlighting their benefits through marketing channels.

Factors affecting user intention to use social commerce continuously from a habit perspective

PurposeThis study proposes a theoretical model to explain user intention to continue engaging with Social Commerce (SC) from a habit perspective. The research uses social impact theory, user personal traits, and SC quality to explain how user habits are formed in SC, leading to continued usage.Design/methodology/approachThe study collected data from 868 Indonesian respondents using a cross-sectional field design. SEM analysis confirmed the proposed theoretical model, calculating direct, indirect, and moderating effects.FindingsThe results showed that the social aspect is the dominant construct influencing users’ habit of using SC. Further, the outcome indicates that habit significantly predicts Continuity usage. Profoundly, subjective norms are the most significant predictors of habit, followed by self-efficacy, content quality, and herd behavior. Meanwhile, Trust and Social Support only indirectly affect Habit through self-efficacy and content quality, respectively, as mediators. Additionally, the moderating effect analysis revealed that age and gender play a role in habit formation.Originality/valueThis study specifically explores the factors affecting the development of habits in SC usage, leading to repeated behaviors. This area has not been thoroughly examined in previous research. Therefore, this study seeks to address this gap by investigating how habits are formed through social interactions on SC platforms. Understanding habit formation provides an alternative way of comprehending the continued use of SC, as it is considered a significant factor that leads to continued intention.

The impact of family social support on academic resilience in Indonesian and Turkish students: the mediating role of self-regulated learning

ABSTRACT This study examines the influence of family social support on student resilience and self-regulated learning (SRL), as well as the role of SRL as a mediator for Indonesian and Turkish students. This quantitative method used three research scales to answer the research questions: resilience, family social support, and self-regulated learning. The study included 606 Indonesian respondents and 504 Turkish respondents. In this study, the researchers used a structural equation model based on partial least squares to perform data analysis. The results showed that Indonesian students had a higher average academic resilience score than Turkish students. Turkish students’ family social support scores were higher than Indonesian students. The bootstrapping method demonstrated a positive indirect effect of SRL on the relationship between family social support and academic resilience. Hence, SRL is a good variable that connects family social support with academic resilience.

Cybersecurity Challenges in Indonesia: Threat and Responses Analysis

Abstract The purpose of this research is to know the cyberthreat faced by Indonesian society and understand how the government responds towards this threat. This study employs two types of data. The first came from the literature for building the theoretical linkage, and the second came from an online survey of 328 respondents about cyberthreats that they experience, as well as the respondents’ perception regarding the government’s response. The results were then analyzed systematically along with the literature review analysis. The results show that 64 percent of Indonesian respondents have modest knowledge in terms of cyberthreats and regulations made for it. There are three main arguments for this condition. First, low level of knowledge in cyberthreat within the society. Second, Indonesian people unprepared to face the cyberthreat surrounding their daily life. Third, an inadequate Indonesian government response to prevent and tackle the cyberthreat.

Identification of Mora in Sokuon, Tan’on, and Chouon by Japanese language learners in Indonesia

Japanese is regarded as mora-timed, while Indonesian is syllable-timed because it provides equal weight and time for all syllables. Indonesian learners are struggling in differentiating one mora and two moras, and single consonant and double consonants. This study investigated Indonesian respondents’ ability to identify double consonants (sokuon), short vowels (tan’on) dan long vowels (chouon). 62 Indonesian respondents were involved as they were asked to listen carefully to a set of sounds containing the three distinctive sounds once and to write the sentence they heard. The result showed that 18% of 62 respondents fail to identify the short vowel (tan’on) because they omit certain sounds, change the word form inaccurately and put words in the inaccurate position when they write the sentence. In identifying double consonants (sokuon), 11% of 62 respondents failed because they inaccurately changed the word form when writing the sentence. In identifying long vowels (chouon), only 6% of 62 respondents failed because they added unnecessary sounds and changed the word form inaccurately. In conclusion, although Japanese and Indonesian languages are different in their rhythm classes, Indonesian learners’ ability to identify the distinctive sounds of the Japanese language is relatively high although listening to the material more than once.

The Relationship between Employment Status and Maternal Nutrition Patterns in Providing Exclusive Breastfeeding in Mangunsari Village, Lumajang Regency

Breast-feeding to newborns is one of the efforts to prevent death and undernourishment problems in infants and toddlers, about 15% of the total incidence of children under five years of age in developing countries asa result of exclusive breast-feeding. Exclusive breast milk that is given to infants for up to 6 months is not added to other foods such as formula, lemon, honey, tea, water, bananas, milk porridge, cookies, and other foods. Infants who are exclusively breast-fed can avoid diseases. Sick infants are given exclusively by breast feeding can accelerate. This journal's search process electronically and online using one database, which is googgle sholar from 2015-2020 . The inklational criteria of the journal have the same variable as research, the journal used is the journal's 30-200 Indonesian respondents. Based on the journals received results that from the six journals it is evident there is a link between work status and a nutrient pattern in exclusive breast-feeding. This is confirmed by prior research. Thus, mother's work and nutritional patterns influence exclusive breast-feeding.

Impact of Digital Marketing Strategies on Consumer Purchasing Decisions in the Indonesian Market: The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of the Indonesian market, exploring the impact of digital marketing strategies on consumer purchasing decisions and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. Amidst a rapidly evolving digital landscape, characterized by increased internet penetration and a surge in online activities, businesses face the challenge of adapting their strategies to remain competitive. Leveraging a diverse and representative sample of 100 Indonesian respondents, this study employs a cross-sectional survey design and utilizes Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM) for data analysis. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between digital marketing strategies and customer satisfaction, emphasizing the pivotal role of effective digital initiatives in shaping the overall consumer experience. Moreover, the study underscores the mediating influence of customer satisfaction on the relationship between digital marketing strategies and consumer purchasing decisions. These insights not only contribute to the academic discourse in marketing but also offer practical implications for businesses aiming to optimize their strategies in the dynamic Indonesian market.

Tolerance to gratification as a proxy for corruption: Comparison between Indonesia and Hong Kong

Corruption is a global problem faced by every country and culture around the world. Since overt corrupt behaviour does not develop in a person overnight, it is therefore important to identify the more proximal and benign forms of corruption. In this research, taking advantage of the cultural and corruption perception index differences between Indonesia and Hong Kong, we conducted a qualitative study on the phenomenon of gratification, the act of giving a public officer monetary or physical rewards for a service they provide, even though the service is within their job description. The research subjects were drawn from Hong Kong and Indonesian college students or fresh graduates. During the interview, we found striking differences between Hong Kong and Indonesian respondents in terms of the experience of being asked for a reward, the perception and urge to give a reward, and the tendency to accept a reward during a public service transaction. Indonesian respondents are generally more exposed, familiar, and permissive to gratification than their Hong Kong counterparts. The reasons for this phenomenon were then investigated and a possible correlation of this permissiveness with the country’s corruption perception index was then discussed. It is suggested that corruption eradication must be accompanied by sociocultural and educational intervention toward naïve subjects, thus preventing them from being permissive to gratification, which can act as the proxy for active corruption in the future.

The Impact of Covid-19 on Intentions to Conduct Online Transactions: The Role of Affective and Cognitive

Purpose : We investigate the effect of affective and cognitive factors on online transaction intention during the pandemic covid-19 period. Method : We used an internet-based survey through Google form distributed directly to Indonesian respondents with the following criteria: (1) users who have made e-commerce purchases; (2) users who have made transactions on online platforms such as Shopee, Lazada, Instagram, and others. The final sample comprised of 253 respondents, dominated by 185 female users. We employed WarpPLS based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) for testing our hypotheses. Findings : We find that cognitive factors, such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitudes towards, have positive effect on online transaction intention. Then, the affective factor, such as perceived enjoyment, positively affects the online transaction intention through cognitive processes, but social norm does not influence the online transaction intention. Novelty : Our study contributes to developing literature on Theory Acceptance Modelling (TAM) by highlighting cognitive and affective factors to explain the effect of the pandemic covid-19 on the intention for the online transaction. Keywords : Affective; Cognitive; Intentions; Technology Acceptance Model

Intention to purchase halal health supplement online: Lessons learned from the health crisis

Consuming health supplements is essential to strengthen the immune systems and protect against illness, especially during health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the increasing number of Muslim populations worldwide and the necessity of online applications during health crises, this research aims to study the consumer's purchase intention of halal health supplement products online by examining variables influencing consumer's purchase intention. The Theory of Planned Behaviour has been applied as an underlying theory for this study, including religiosity and COVID-19 as an extension to the theory. 214 respondents participated in this study by completing the survey questionnaire via an online platform. Analysis was performed using SmartPLS4. The findings illustrate that perceived benefit is the most important indicator for Indonesian respondents, while attitude, subjective norms, and the COVID-19 pandemic are the factors that contribute to purchase intention among Malaysian respondents. The study enhances current literature, specifically in the context of halal health supplement products. Additionally, investigating the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of halal health supplements with a unique set of variables leads to a new path of study. Examining consumer behavior such as perceived benefit, attitude, subjective norms, and the COVID-19 pandemic that influence online purchase intention will provide consumer insights to marketers involved in halal health supplement products. The perspective on consumer beliefs gives directions for strategy development to businesses.

EXAMINING PURCHASE INTENTION OF PRIVATE-LABEL BRANDS: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF BRAND CATEGORY

Private label is seen as a way to maintain profits, encourage consumption, and as a form of CSR for retail companies when empowering local small businesses. In its development, private labels have evolved into brands that pay attention to value and sustainability. A brand category in Indonesia involves SMEs as product suppliers for PLB. This study examines the influence of factors related to the store on the perception of private-label products produced by SMEs. This study collects online data from 441 Indonesian respondents who are Alfamart and Indomaret customers aged 18 or above and have shopped in the last 3 (three) months, using the non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The collected data were tested using SEM Partial Least Squares analysis. The results reflect that store loyalty and brand image have a significant positive impact on attitudes toward buying private labels. In contrast, store loyalty and price consciousness have the least significant positive impact. On the other hand, perceived risk was was found to have a significant negative effect. The Brand Category was found to be moderating in Store Loyalty and Brand Image antecedent variables. This study is expected to be useful for academics and marketing practitioners by expanding private-label studies, especially in relation to SMEs as producers. Moreover, retailers can consider involving more SMEs in their private-label business, which will positively impact society.

The Role of Involvement in the formation of Attitude and Purchase Intention on Brand's Social Media (Case Study: TikTok)

Interactivity defines as the medium ability to provide synchronous communication by emphasizing the speed of response and quality of information. Previous research has examined the role of interactivity in enhancing customer's engagement and involvement towards mobile retail advertising. Moreover, brand familiarity and information quality are also factors that can increase involvement on social media based on the results of other studies that have been conducted in the context of social media. Furthermore, involvement is proven to be one of the factors that leverage the formation of positive attitude. As the result, purchase intention will be strengthened due to positive attitude towards a brand. This study aims to investigate the role of interactivity as one of the supporting predictors in increasing customer involvement in the context of social media. Data were collected from 195 Indonesian respondents who are classified as an active TikTok users with an age range of 18-48 years. Respondents were selected using predetermined sample criteria based on recommendations from previous studies. The results show that interactivity can positively shape involvement on a brand's social media. While other factors such as information quality and brand familiarity play a more dominant role in shaping customer involvement. Additionally, social media involvement positively influences attitude which leads to a higher intention to purchase. However, involvement was not proven to be one of the factors that escalate purchase intention.

Factors Influencing Purchase Intention in Mobile Shopping Applications with Satisfaction as Moderating Variable

Mobile shopping applications have become popular in the Indonesian e-commerce industry, as mobile shopping provides a distinct shopping experience compared to browser-based shopping. This study seeks to investigate the attitudes of mobile shopping application users as they relate to purchase intention, with satisfaction acting as a moderating variable. Investigating these factors, it gives insights into the aspects that influence user satisfaction and purchase intention which can help business design sales and marketing strategies. This study also aims to fill gaps in the existing literature by categorizing perceived benefits into social value and hedonic value in order to determine their impact on satisfaction when users are using the mobile shopping application. Using online surveys, 307 Indonesian respondents are collected in total. This study's empirical findings indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, perceived risk, social value, and hedonic value are significant predictors of customer satisfaction (STT). Surprisingly, Satisfaction (STT) is found to be insignificantly influenced by Perceived of Use (PEU). Satisfaction (STT) was then found to have a significant effect on users’ purchase intention.

Understanding visual literacy on teachers and students between Indonesia and Malaysia

Visual literacy is a very important skill in the 21st century. Visual literacy skill is part of the learning process for producing quality works of art. Building visual literacy competencies can provide long-term benefits in critical thinking skills. This study explored the ability to understand visual literacy in teachers and students in Indonesia and Malaysia. This study used qualitative research, and the respondents were lecturers and students of Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia and Mara Technology University, Malaysia. The results indicated that Malaysian and Indonesian respondents did not know much about the images presented. The results of this study indicated that there were different perspectives on viewing and understanding visual literacy for teaching staff and students in Indonesia and Malaysia. The perspective of Indonesian respondents was more specific while explaining the answers to questions, whereas Malaysians tend to be less specific and general. The results also showed that each answer of each Indonesian respondent tends to be different from one another, while Malaysia tends to agree with other respondents. Dealing with the research is expected to make visual literacy learning methods suitable for education in Indonesia and Malaysia

Influence of Live Streaming Characteristics on Continuance Intention to Shopping on TikTok

As a new business model, live-streaming shopping has high commercial value. Although research on live streaming shopping has been in great demand, a holistic model that explains why audiences are willing to continue using such new selling formats is limited. According to interactive marketing theory, this research proposes a theoretical model to examine the impact of live-streaming characteristics on trust and how trust affects the audience's continuance intention in the live-streaming shopping scenario. The data were collected using an online questionnaire spread out through social media such as TikTok, Facebook and Instagram. A partial Least Square (PLS) approach was used to analyze the data. From the result, live streaming characteristics used in this study are interactivity, informativeness, entertainment, perceived relevance, visibility, professionalization, and originality. Empirical results (N=325) reveal that trust is affected by the seven characteristics of live-streaming shopping that affect continuance intention. Questionnaires were distributed through social media to get Indonesian respondents who had used live-streaming shopping on TikTok. However, it is found that live-streaming genres do not moderate the impact of trust towards continuance intention. Research findings indicate how trust is built to generate optimal consequences in live-streaming shopping.

Written Language Politeness (of Short Messages on Social Media) and Emotional Intelligence: A Study in Indonesia and Malaysia.

The use of written communication through short messages in social media on smartphone platforms has recently become a habit in social relations and communication. Language politeness and emotional intelligence are required by individuals, groups, communities, or institutions in conveying the contents of the messages, ensuring them to be perceived appropriately by their targets. Survey research was carried out on 173 respondents with Malay culture background in Indonesia and Malaysia using the Self-Rated Malaysian Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by with a reliability value of 0.922 for Malaysian respondents and 0.803 for Indonesian respondents as well as using a politeness scale developed based on Lakoff's linguistic politeness theory. The findings of the study demonstrated that culture may affect language politeness (F (3.169) = 5.759 and M2 = F (4.168) = 4.300, P<0.05). However, language politeness did not correlate to emotional intelligence, age, gender, and educational background. Consequently, the use of communication in short messages should consider the cultural background of both the sender and receiver. Cultural similarities may facilitate the understanding of the message's content and diminish the occurrence of communication issues or conflicts.

The Effect of Financial and Digital Literacy Toward QRIS Usage

Introduction: Internet penetration in Indonesia has reached 77%, with 21.6% of Indonesian users using mobile payments, and this shows that the use of QRIS has growth potential. Many variables are affected by QRIS, so this research aims to determine and analyze the influence of Financial and Digital literacy on QRIS. Method: This study used quantitative methodology and involved 424 Indonesian respondents. This study used the Purposive Sampling Technique for sampling. The study was based on primary data collected through questionnaires. The data analysis approach uses binary logistic regression. Result: Based on the results of the study, the financial literacy calculation (X1) was 5,423 with a P-value of 0.020 and the digital literacy calculation value (X2) of 4.269, with a P-value of 0.039 while the table for significance was 0.05 and df (nk) 424 – 3 = 421, namely 1,966. Based on this, it was decided to reject Ho, which means that financial literacy and digital literacy partially affect the use of QRIS. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, financial and digital literacy variables partially &amp; simultaneously did not have a significant effect but had favourable odds on the use of QRIS payments.

Factors Influencing the Intention to Use Mobile Payment In Indonesia

Mobile payment has become the trend in the e-banking and e-commerce industry in Indonesia in consort with the development of Information technology, which allows financial services to create faster, more efficient, and more convenient services for customers in the payment system. Despite the surge of mobile payment used in Indonesia following the impact of the pandemic of Covid-19, there are still many challenges and inconclusiveness regarding the research on the adoption of mobile payment services. This study’s purpose is to examine the Intention to use Mobile payment in Indonesia. A total of 402 Indonesian respondents are collected using online questionnaires. The proposed model was empirically examined using a quantitative method with PLS-SEM. The empirical results of this study shows that Social Influence, Perceived Trust, and Facilitating Condition were found to be significantly influencing the Attitude towards Intention of using mobile payment. Meanwhile Perceived Ease of use and Perceived Risk are found to be insignificantly influenced by the intention to use mobile payment.

The Role of Brand Awareness as a Mediating Variable on the Effect of Instagram Advertisement and Word of Mouth on Purchase Decision (Case Study in Erigo)

This study aimed to examine the effect of Instagram Advertisement and Word of Mouth on Purchase Decision, involving Brand Awareness as a mediating variable. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with the help of AMOS 26 software. Data were collected from 250 Indonesian respondents who were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. The primary finding in this study was that Word of Mouth and the use of Instagram Advertisement as a social media marketing platform had an effect on Purchase Decision. The relationship between Instagram Advertisement and Word of Mouth also increased Brand Awareness. This research implied that Purchase Decision improved due to the increased use of Instagram Advertisement and Word of Mouth, strengthening Indonesian people's Purchase Decision for Erigo products. In addition, Brand Awareness had no effect on Purchase Decision, indicating that perceptions of international products did not affect consumer trust in local brands.