Indonesian Public Universities Research Articles

Intellectual Capital For Higher Education Competitiveness

Just like those around the world, the higher education institutions in Indonesia also face the issues of accreditation, ranking, and requirements by the public and the government to participate in the improvement of community welfare through the implementation of research and community service for the society. Thus, the role of intellectual capital is very important in supporting higher education competitiveness. Based on a resource-based theory, this study aims to empirically examine the implications of an intellectual capital on higher education competitiveness. This study applies an explanatory design with a quantitative-descriptive-and causality analysis. We use secondary data sourced from public universities in Indonesia with at least “Good” institutionally accredited category, comprising in total of 74 universities. We apply the saturated sampling technique. The study concludes that a human capital has no significant effect on the competitiveness of higher education institutions. On the other hand, structural and relational capitals have a positive and significant effect on the competitiveness of universities. Thus, higher education management needs to provide stimuli and encouragement to the existing human resources to increase their capabilities. This research contributes to identifying the intellectual capital variables that affect the competitiveness of higher education institutions in Indonesia. Keywords: human capital, structural capital, relational capital, higher education, competitiveness

Attitudes Toward Chemistry Laboratory: A Survey of Indonesian Undergraduate Students

This study seeks to examine and compare the attitudes of students towards chemistry laboratory activities, while also investigating the impact of both grade levels and gender on these attitudes. A total of 226 undergraduate chemistry students from a public university in Indonesia participated in the study, selected through convenience sampling. The researchers developed the Attitudes toward Chemistry Laboratory Scale (ACLS) to collect the necessary data. Statistical analyses including ANOVA, t-tests, and descriptive statistics were conducted. The results indicated that: (i) students have positive attitudes toward chemistry laboratory, (ii) significant gaps exist when students’ scores on attitudes are linked with gender in favor of male students, and grade levels in favor of students in the junior level, and (iii) no significant interaction effect between gender and grade levels was observed, even though separately, gender mainly effects on students’ attitudes. The results contribute significantly to the effectiveness of the chemistry learning process at the tertiary level. By knowing the students’ initial attitudes, lecturers are expected to apply various teaching methods that can develop students’ positive attitudes and performance to a satisfactory level.

UNVEILING STUDENTS' CHALLENGES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN ENGLISH-SPEAKING TERTIARY CLASSROOM

University students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) often struggle with speaking anxiety, limited practice opportunities, and performance pressure. This paper explores the challenges and attitudes of EFL university students towards Project-Based Learning (PBL) implemented in a speaking class at the tertiary level in the Indonesian context. The study included 35 university students from a public university in Indonesia. The researchers employed a mixed-methods approach to examine students' attitudes and challenges. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the questionnaire revealed predominantly positive attitudes towards PBL. The interviews uncovered challenges, such as lack of confidence, pronunciation difficulties, time constraints, heavy workload, and performance anxiety. Despite these challenges, the students had positive attitudes, emphasising PBL's potential for enhancing speaking skills. The study recommends targeted interventions to address lingering challenges and refine PBL implementation.

Prospective Science Student Teachers’ Online Learning Environment Experiences: Measurement Based on the Net Promoter Score

Personalization is used in online learning to help students achieve SDG 4.C and Education 4.0 indicators. Not many studies have revealed prospective science student teachers’ online learning experiences. A good experience will provide positive and constructive self-knowledge for prospective science student teachers in designing 21st-century digital learning. This study aimed to inquire into prospective science student teachers’ views on online learning using the Net Promoter Score survey. This study involved 29 prospective science student teachers at one of the public universities in Indonesia. This study revealed that online learning provides freedom to express opinions and ideas freely, helps evaluate learning outcomes, online educational resources help understand the contents, and online simulations help understand concepts. The negative experiences in the online learning environment include the lack of interaction with lecturers, online learning has not yet built creative, innovative, and critical thinking skills and has not supported competency development. There is a significant difference between positive and negative online learning experiences, demonstrating how experiences can impact future teacher conception. Based on our findings, recommendations were provided to assist university lecturers in creating and designing an online learning environment to develop the professional competencies of prospective science student teachers.

The impact of remuneration to performance in public university in Indonesia

The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between remuneration, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Remuneration, in this context, refer to a system synchronization that is based on performance appraisal result. In this, regard, the research employed a descriptive quantitative method, with a population comprising all University of Padjadjaran lecturers which were a total of 2,090. Furthermore, in order to gather the research sample, a probability sampling technique was employed. This technique was selected because of its reputation as the most general strategic sampling technique in quantitative research to achieve representativeness (1). The obtained result showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the remuneration and job satisfaction of lecturers in University of Padjadjaran. Accordingly, a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a t-count value of 19.330 > 1.95 was observed, meaning the H1 hypothesis in this research was accepted. It is also expedient to acknowledge that a positive and significant relationship was found between job satisfaction and the performance of the lecturers in study area. For this relationship, a significant value of 0.010 < 0.05 and a t-count value of 5.676 > 1.95 was found. These findings led to the acceptance of the H2 hypothesis proposed in this research. Similarly, the relationship between remuneration and the performance of the observed lecturers was found to be positive and significant. The observed significant value in this regard was 0.000 < 0.05 and the t-count value was 4.057 > 1.95, indicating that H3 hypothesis was also accepted. Lastly, the relationship between remuneration and employee performance mediated by job satisfaction of lecturer in University of Padjadjaran was explored, and it was found to also be positive and significant, with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a t-count value of 5.429 > 1.95. This indicated that the H4 hypothesis proposed in the research was accepted.

Towards the National Higher Education Database in Indonesia: Challenges to Data Governance Implementation from The Perspective of a Public University

Higher education institutions in Indonesia are required to report their academic data to the national higher institution database (namely PDDikti) through a synchronization mechanism. Because the PDDikti database has been used as the reference for nationwide programs such as university ranking, diploma verification, faculty promotion, and tenure, academic data in their reports have to be valid, accurate, and up to date. Yet, data quality is an issue among higher institutions, while data governance is the heart of data quality. This paper investigates challenges encountered by a public university in Indonesia in implementing data governance and how to resolve them. The findings outline six main challenges in data governance implementation.

The Influence Factors of Data Governance Implementation: Study in Indonesian Public University

Data governance is crucial for organizations as it recognizes the value of data as an asset. This study focuses on identifying factors that influence the implementation of data governance in Indonesian public higher education institutions. Contingency theory serves as the theoretical lens of this study, and qualitative research methodology is employed. Findings reveal that both internal and external factors impact data governance implementation in universities. Future research should involve more participants to gain comprehensive insights, and exploring the impact of data governance implementation within university settings would provide valuable insights.

KETERAMPILAN APA YANG SIAP DIGUNAKAN GEN Z SAAT BEKERJA DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0: BUKTI DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI INDONESIA

Universities around the world have recently expanded their attention to include “employability skills,” which are the soft and hard skills deemed relevant and important for graduates to start a career in a rapidly changing labor market. This research looks at competency, hard skills, and soft skills, as well as work preparation in the industrial era 4.0 among Indonesian state and private university students in Generation Z. Work preparation in the industrial era 4.0, competency, hard skills and soft skills are the variables used. in this research. All participants in this research were students from Indonesian public and private universities, or generation Z. A total of 400 final semester Generation Z students aged 18 to 28 years were used as samples in this research. Proportional random sampling is the method used for sampling. Questionnaires are used in survey data collection methods. AMOS 26 software was used in the data analysis procedure for this research with the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The findings of this research indicate that although soft skills have a direct or indirect impact on job readiness, hard skills have an indirect effect.

The Potentials of ChatGPT for Language Learning: Unpacking its Benefits and Limitations

The present study aims to unpack the potentials of ChatGPT for language learning based on students’ perspectives. Specifically, this study scrutinizes language learning needs that can be fulfilled by ChatGPT, potential benefits of ChatGPT, and limitations of ChatGPT for language education. Drawing on exploratory case study, this study involves 18 language students majoring in English education and linguistic studies from two public universities in Indonesia. The findings of semi-structured interviews and FGD reveal that ChatGPT shows great promise as a digital platform that can support personalize learning, stimulate authentic interactions, and boost student productivity. This study suggests that students can gain several advantages from ChatGPT to support their language learning, such as enhancing their writing skills (e.g., translation, paraphrasing, outlining, and receiving assistance with grammar and syntax), improving vocabulary acquisition, providing learning materials, and serving as conversation partner. However, students might encounter certain challenges when using ChatGPT for language learning, such as the risk of cheating and plagiarism, inaccurate responses, and ambiguous information which can lead to confusion and misunderstanding. This study offers fruitful insights for language education stakeholders (especially teachers and students) to enhance their digital competencies specifically related to the use of AI tools in language education.

Speaking Disfluency of an English Major Students at One Public University in Indonesia

This study focused on investigating speaking disfluency of an English major students at one public university in Jambi, Indonesia in the academic year 2022/2023. The researcher applied qualitative method with a case study approach to carry out this study and as the way of collecting the data. Four first year students of English education study program consisting of two males and two females were recruited as participants of this research project. To identify the types of disfluencies produced by the students, the researcher gave them a video from YouTube with the title “Ten mistakes to avoid when defending your thesis” from Ranywayz Random YouTube channel and asked them to retell the content of the video using their own words. After listening, audiotaping, and transcribing their speaking, the disfluencies encountered were analyzed by using Gleason and Ratner theory. The students’ disfluencies were then classified into some types such as hesitation, repetition, false starts, and fillers. Each type of speech disfluency would be discussed in the results and discussion sections.

The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Students' Limited Digital Competence in Writing Scientific Papers

This study aims to explore the correlation between students’ digital competence and indecision with the challenges they encounter during the online scientific writing assistance process amid the Covid-19 pandemic. Students faced multiple forms of hesitation, communication breakdowns, and missed opportunities for discussion during this process. The research findings target guidelines for writing scientific papers. Qualitative data was collected through an online survey of 100 students from public universities in Indonesia. The research instrument employed an online questionnaire distributed to students via the Google Forms application. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative and interpretive approaches based on the principles of content analysis. The results revealed that students experienced profound doubts and confusion when it came to organizing their thoughts while conducting research and writing scientific papers as final projects. This research suggests that students’ digital intelligence alone is insufficient for accessing the information required by their intellectual intelligence in writing scientific papers.
 Keywords: digital competence, scientific papers, Covid-19 pandemic

Exploring Chemistry Teacher’s TPCK in Rasch Model: A Point of View from Difference of Teaching Stage, Gender, and Ages.

Teachers should have different knowledge types including technological, pedagogical, and content to realize effective learning in the digital era. Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPCK) is a framework that explains these knowledge types and the interactions between them. It is considered to enable chemistry teachers’ multifaceted teaching. Coping, for this reason, a study to examine chemistry teachers’ level of TPCK is needed. This paper reports the level of chemistry teacher’s TPCK and their perception in terms of teaching stage, gender, and age. The study involved fifty-three students of chemistry education in a public university in Indonesia. A quantitative method was applied to explore their perspective on TPCK. Data were collected through surveys and interviews. The findings showed that the majority of chemistry teachers’ TPCK skills are currently good. They integrate technology into their teaching while conducting online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of teaching stage, age, and gender, provide deep insight into seven indicators of TPCK. However, some indicators still need to be improved, so a TPCK training program for individuals or centralized individuals should be added to the chemistry department program.

Modeling of Distance Learners’ Retention Using Mixed-Model on Non-Proportional Hazard

Universitas Terbuka is a public university in Indonesia that implements an open-distance education system. The quality and success of higher education in Indonesia are indicated by the gross enrolment rate (GER). Modelling student retention is one indicator of the value of the GER. The chances of distance learners’ retention in a certain period can be determined through survival analysis, namely the “Cox model” or “Cox proportional hazard model”. The limitations of the Cox model pose new problems in modelling that involve more than two types of covariates and the presence of random effects. The problem that arises is the non-proportional hazard. The cause of non-proportional hazard is time-dependent covariates, so that individual risk changes over time. Another reason is the presence of random effects, both observed and unobserved. In this model, there are two random effects, namely, the unobserved random effect and the observed random effect. Thus, the model is called the mixed effect model of non-proportional hazard. Based on the characteristics of the covariates observed, appropriate survival analysis for modelling distance learners’ retention is a mixed model on the non-proportional hazard. The covariates involved in very complex modelling include time-independent covariates, time-dependent covariates, and unobserved random effects. The results of the analysis with the mixed model on non-proportional hazard showed that the covariates that significantly affected the distance learner’s retention were: educational background, age, grade point average, marital status, scholarship, independent learning culture, number of credits taken, and number of courses taken each semester.

The Impact of Self-efficacy Towards Speaking Performance

This present study is an associational study that employed simple linear regression model. There were two variables in this study such as self-efficacy as the independent variable while speaking performance as the dependent one. This study was conducted at a public university in Indonesia. The subjects recruited were 75 students. The data were collected by administering a self-efficacy questionnaire which contains 28 items. The data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS program. The results show that mostly, the students had average and high category of SE as shown by 22.7% and 38.7% respectively. Moreover, it was found that F (1, 72) = 17.950, p < 0.001. It means that statistically there was an impact of students’ self-efficacy toward students’ speaking performance. Based on the aforementioned results, it can be concluded that the students had good potential to enhance their speaking skills and their SE had significant contribution to their speaking performance.

Antecedent of Knowledge of Fatwa, Coronavirus, and Family Factors on Student Compliance with Social Distancing Policies to Reduce the Negative Impact of Covid-19 in Indonesia

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of knowledge of fatwa, the knowledge of coronavirus disease, and family factors on student compliance with social distancing policies to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. This study was quantitative and the data were collected through questionnaires distributed via google forms. The data were collected from 426 respondents who were students of private and public Universities in Indonesia. The tool of analysis used in this study was the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, a variance-based structural equation analysis (SEM) that can simultaneously perform the measurement and structural model testing. The study found that there was a significant influence of the family factors on the compliance of students with social distancing policies. While there was no significant influence of the knowledge of fatwa and Covid-19 variables on student compliance with social distancing. The results of this study contribute to enriching the discourse of the role of religious and social factors on student compliance with social distancing policy to reduce the spread of Covid-19

Correlation between Pro-Environmental Behavior and Environmental Values of Female Pre-Service Science Teachers in Indonesia

In contrast with the global trend of male domination in science and technology, Indonesia’s pre-service science teacher program is widely attracted to female students. This study aims to investigate the correlations between pre-service science teachers’ pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) and values toward the environment through one-time cross-sectional survey studies. Information was collected from a sample of the predetermined population at one point, followed by correlational studies designed to explore the correlations between the variables under study. The questionnaire consists of three aspects of PEB (preservation, utilization, and appreciation) and four aspects of value (biospheric, altruistic, egoistic, and hedonic). A total of 273 female pre-service science teachers enrolling in four public universities in Indonesia participated through an online questionnaire. The purposive sampling method was chosen to constitute the sample of this study. In order to analyze the data collected, descriptive statistics and correlation tests were utilized. According to the results, it can be concluded that pre-service science teachers held good environmental behaviors and values. The aspects of preservation and appreciation have a positive correlation, while utilization is negative. The four aspects of value are all at high levels, as is their correlation. This result indicates that female pre-service science teachers have positive behavior and value toward the environment. Moreover, the pre-service science teacher program should encourage understanding and behavior toward the environment to prepare future science lessons more aligned with the environment.

Entrepreneurship education, family entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention among students in Indonesia

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and students’ intentions and tests for moderating effects of students’ perceived experience and family entrepreneurial orientation, which may strengthen or weaken the effect of entrepreneurship education on intention.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a questionnaire from 584 students in the vocational program at an Indonesian public university. Entrepreneurship education was measured using instruments by Walter and Block (2016) that evaluated the entrepreneurship education provided by faculty. Entrepreneurial intention used a measurement by Vamvaka (2020), which measured students’ choice of intention, entrepreneurial career commitment and nascent entrepreneurship.FindingsEntrepreneurship education has a positive association with students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The results also evidence higher entrepreneurial intention levels in students from families oriented toward and experienced in entrepreneurship. The results also reveal that student experience and having friends who become entrepreneurs reduce entrepreneurial intention, but the difference is not statistically significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this survey is that it was drawn from a single university in Indonesia with only domestic students, whilst the study was also designed cross-sectional. Therefore, the generalisability of the results is still limited. This study uses a single item for measuring friends and own influences, which only measure personal experiences. A more multidimensional measure of family, friends and own influence can be further developed to gain more robust results supporting these findings.Practical implicationsThe study contributes to understanding the role of family-related variables, particularly family entrepreneurial orientation and experiences, on the development of entrepreneurship education and intention in emerging global market forces. Through family engagement in entrepreneurship education, a family can boost students’ entrepreneurial intention by delivering various capitals (e.g. business value, financial and social capital) and providing practical learning. The results imply the necessity to conduct new subjects, courses or university programmes that can include family-related business in entrepreneurship education.Originality/valueDespite the expansion of research related to entrepreneurship education and intention, the relationships between perceived experience, family entrepreneurial orientation and students’ entrepreneurial intentions have not been adequately studied, particularly in Indonesia. This work contributes to the existing knowledge of entrepreneurship education by providing two moderator variables that may boost entrepreneurial intention: perceived experience and family entrepreneurial orientation. This work demonstrated how perceived experience and family orientation interact with entrepreneurship education and intention.

The Effects of Social-Withdrawal Characteristics Among Older Academics: An Indonesian Case Study

Indonesia, the world’s fourth-most populous country, sees a significant increase in its aging population each year. This demographic shift is reflected in the country’s public higher-education sector, where the number of older academics has been growing substantially in recent years. However, older people’s social participation is often limited due to certain forms of withdrawal, such as shyness, avoidance, and unsociability. This research report aims to explore the impact that these social-withdrawal characteristics among older people may have on data collection and policy-formulation processes in public universities in Indonesia. To gather data for this study, an online questionnaire was employed. The results of this study suggest that older people’s social-withdrawal characteristics can have two effects. First, older individuals are often reluctant to participate in research, particularly as online questionnaire respondents, which can result in a lower response rate. Second, our study found that most older academic staff were unwilling to request or demand specific services or facilities from university administration, making decision-makers unaware of the needs of their older staff and aging issues in general. As a consequence, university administration may not consider instituting an aging policy at their institution, as they believe that older workers do not require special attention. This lack of awareness can have serious implications for the well-being of older academic staff and the overall effectiveness of university policies.

Relationship between Biology Education Students' Learning Period and Grade Point Average (GPA)

The grade point average (GPA) is the value obtained by students cumulatively from the beginning to the end of the semester. To get a high GPA, students must study hard. Learning period is not a guarantee of getting a high GPA. The problem that is now happening is how students use learning time effectively so that their learning results are maximized. This research aimed to know the relationship between the learning period and GPA. The type of research used is quantitative correlational research to know the relationship between the learning period and GPA. The subjects in this study were 33 students at the fifth semester in the Department of Biology Education at a public university in Indonesia. The research implementation phase included data collection, data analysis, and conclusion. The results of the simple correlation test analysis of Spearmann Correlation Kendall's tau-b show that r count r table (0.139 0.442) on the Kendall's tau-b test, r count r table (0.168 0.442) on the Spearmann rho test, and the R-value is 19.1 which states that the relationship between the learning period and GPA results is low. This study concludes that there is no relationship between the learning period and the grade point average (GPA) of the biology education students. The absence of this relationship can be influenced by several factors, such as school factors, family factors, the inability to determine the priority scale of planned activities, as well as factors of interest and motivation to learn.

Evaluating Distributive Fairness of Remuneration System: The Role of Equity Sensitivity in Explaining Employee Well-being and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

This study aims to test the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being and OCB. This research also aims to test the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being. The technique of sample collection employed purposive sampling technique. The hypothesis testing employed path coefficient value and t-test using SmartPLS 3.0. In accordance with the test results show that in the context of public universities in Indonesia, namely PU, employee OCB is influenced by the remuneration system variable and subjective welfare variable. This study also concludes that subjective well-being is a mediator between the two. On the other hand, the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of fairness remuneration on subjective well-being is not well-proven. Theoretically, this research provides generalization to the previous studies, as well as complementing the need for balancing mediator and moderator variables in the correlation between remuneration system fairness and OCB. Practically, this study denotes that organizations need to take concern about fairness in the regulations of remuneration system.