Indonesian National Armed Forces Research Articles

Connectivity Case a Juridical Review of the Handling Process before and After the Establishment of the Attorney General in the Military Criminal Field

This Indonesia is a country with a large and diverse population, consisting of many islands and a multitude of cultures and customs. The people of this nation live and operate according to existing norms and regulations, coexisting within their midst, which upholds a high regard for a legal system governing societal order. This is why Indonesia can be referred to as a legal state (rechtsstaat), a notion further solidified by Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, which declares Indonesia as a legal state.There are four systems of justice in Indonesia: general courts, religious courts, military courts, and administrative courts. These systems stand independently, separate from one another, each with its own functions and absolute authority in carrying out its duties. Thus, each system possesses jurisdiction that cannot be interfered with by other judicial systems. However, despite Indonesia's respect for the law, there are also many Indonesians who violate and disregard the laws in place, acting arbitrarily and without adherence to regulations and existing laws. This is evidenced by the numerous cases that occur, with perpetrators not only being ordinary citizens but sometimes also engaging in criminal acts alongside military personnel, commonly known as the TNI or the Indonesian National Armed Forces. The fact that TNI members exist and live among the civilian population, with their special status, combined with the drive to improve their standard of living or economic motives, leads many of them to engage in criminal activities with civilians, whether as perpetrators, accomplices, or assistants. In several cases involving both TNI members and civilians, they encounter difficulties in their handling. In connection with the above, to enhance the effectiveness of handling connectivity cases (involving perpetrators from both the TNI and civilians), a special institution/organization was established within the Indonesian Attorney General's Office, namely the Deputy Attorney General for Military Crime Affairs.

Strategy of Empowering Maritime Defense Areas to Increase the Income of Fisherman Communities and Awareness of National Defense in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra (Study at Palembang Naval Base)

Republic of Indonesia Law No.34 of 2004 regulating the Indonesian National Armed Forces Navy Duties in Article 9 Paragraph (e); Implementing the Empowerment of the Maritime Defense Area. The implementation of maritime defense area empowerment is the empowerment of coastal communities through Maritime Potential Development, which is implemented by Main Naval Bases III/JKT, in this case, Palembang Naval Base in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra, which is represented by the coastal area of Sungsan I-IV village, Banyuasin II subdistrict. From the perspective of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, the goal is to carry out the primary mission of the Indonesian Navy, which is to raise awareness of national defense. The main objective of this research is to investigate the strategy for empowering maritime defense areas by Main Naval Base III/JKT, specifically Palembang Naval Base, in terms of increasing coastal communities' economic income and awareness of national defense in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra. The findings of this research reveal that there is no coastal community/fishermen empowerment program in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra that is planned, measurable, and sustainable. According to Chamber, community empowerment is an economic development concept that encompasses social values. This notion reflects a new "people-centered" development paradigm that is participatory and sustainable. The concept of empowerment encompasses more than merely meeting fundamental needs or providing a mechanism to prevent future impoverishment. Conclusion: Coastal community empowerment measures intended to increase fishing communities' earnings along with comprehension of National Defense in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, have not been planned.

The Synergy of Indonesian National Police and Army in the Effort to Treat Criminal Terrorism

The implementation of synergy between the Indonesian Police, Indonesian National Armed Forces, and the community in the context of overcoming the crime of terrorism, where the problem becomes a legal problem when proposed by the Draft Terrorism Law. The problem in this research is how the legal problems in the implementation of the synergy of the Indonesian Police, the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Community in the effort to tackle terrorism crime, how the current criminal law policy is applied in overcoming terrorism crime and how is the formulation of criminal law applied in tackling acts criminal terrorism in the future. This research method is empirical juridical, and data is collected from library studies, interviews, and observations. The conceptual framework in the study includes the concept of criminal law policies and the concept of criminal acts of terrorism. The results of this study indicate the efforts to tackle terrorism in Indonesia stem from differences in vision and mission between the Indonesian Police and the Indonesian National Army in the aim of synergizing to eradicate criminal acts of terrorism. The emergence of a narrow mindset of some people who think that the issuance of Police Chief Regulation No. 7 of 2008 concerning Basic Guidelines for Strategy and Implementation of Community Policing in Handling Indonesian Police Tasks is seen as an effort to counteract the activities carried out by Babinsa formed by the Indonesian National Army.

Juridical Review Indonesian National Army, Army Who Permitted The Crime of Adulture

The aim is to find out the provisions governing the criminal act of violating adultery or immorality committed by the Indonesian National Armed Forces. This research uses the method The type of research in this study is normative juridical law research, namely research based on literature studies which includes primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Legal Consequences Regarding the crime of violating decency/adultery committed by the Indonesian National Armed Forces, the perpetrator is subject to Article 281 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code Juncto Article 26 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Article 190 paragraph (1), paragraph (3), paragraph (4) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Justice, namely in addition to the main punishment in the form of imprisonment, as well as additional punishment in the form of being dismissed from military service.

The Role Of The Indonesian National Armed Forces In World Peace Operations

The Role Of The Indonesian National Armed Forces In World Peace Operations

The Role of Indonesian National Armed Forces in the Civil Conflict in Maluku

The civil conflict that occurred in Ambon caused the Indonesian government to send the Indonesian National Armed Forces to assist the police in securing Ambon. The involvement of the military and security guards in the Ambon area proved helpful in providing a sense of security, even though many people criticize the involvement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces in securing the conflict in Ambon. The study methodology is descriptive qualitative. Researchers conducted field research in Ambon. through interviews with the community, religious leaders, community leaders, and military leaders. The author has also conducted archival research. The results of the study show that the Indonesian National Armed Forces played an important role in assisting in securing the Ambon conflict. Although the Ambon conflict has ended, the Indonesian National Armed Forces is still assigned to assist the police in security.
 Keywords: military, civil conflict, Maluku

Innovative Approaches In Tni's Territorial Development To Utilize The Demographic Dividend For The Realization Of Indonesia's Golden 2045 Vision

This research examines innovations in territorial development by the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in response to the demographic bonus with the goal of achieving the Indonesia Emas 2045 (Golden Indonesia 2045) vision. The study explores the phenomena and approaches used in leveraging demographic potential as a means to achieve long-term national development objectives. The research findings provide insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by the TNI in implementing territorial innovations and the implications of these efforts for realizing the Indonesia Emas 2045 vision. TNI's territorial development must adopt a comprehensive and forward-looking approach. It plays a pivotal role in preparing the younger generation to contribute to the realization of the Indonesia Emas 2045 vision. Through innovative methods, empowerment, and education that emphasize positive values, the younger generation can become agents of change who are competitive, ethically grounded, and dedicated to advancing Indonesia as a developed nation and playing a significant role on the global stage.

Synergy of Indonesian National Armed Forces, Indonesian national Police, Government and Society in Flood Mitigation in the Kodim 0301 Area, Fast Labuh Baru, Pekanbaru

The collaborative efforts involving the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), Indonesian National Police (POLRI), government, and the local community in managing floods in Pekanbaru, Indonesia have been ongoing for an extensive period. These efforts require sustained attention, particularly during the prevailing rainy conditions. The military campaign approach comprises a series of joint operations executed to achieve strategic and operational objectives within specific spatial and temporal constraints. This military campaign involves Military Operations for War (MOW) and Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW). The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the synergy among the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), Indonesian National Police (POLRI), the government, and the local community in addressing floods in Pekanbaru through a military campaign strategy. This strategy involved TNI units with distinct branches and functions. The approach undertaken by the TNI (specifically those from KODIM 031 Pekanbaru) in flood disaster relief operations included collaboration with the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Pekanbaru to mobilize all available TNI and POLRI forces within the vicinity of Pekanbaru. This collaborative effort involved various stakeholders, such as TNI, POLRI, the government, NGOs, youth organizations (Karang Taruna), and other relevant entities. These activities took place in the East Labuh Baru, Payung Sekaki District, particularly along Arjuna Street. This effort is expected to establish an effective synergy among these groups, foster closer ties with the community, and manage floods by addressing issues related to drainage systems, canals, and overgrown vegetation.

The Indonesian military and counter terrorism in Poso, 2015–2022

ABSTRACTThe Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) has been applauded for its contribution in eradicating the East Indonesia Mujahideen (MIT) networks in Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The military contributed to the operation in various ways, particularly intelligence gathering, and territorial and counter-guerrilla operations. The operation in Poso is a case whereby the threats are beyond the police’s capabilities. On the one hand, counter terrorism against MIT requires deep involvement of the military primarily due to the strategic and structural challenges surrounding the conflict area. On the other hand, such profound entanglement can produce detrimental impacts toward democratic security arrangement. We argue that TNI involvement is indeed valuable but should be on a case-by-case basis. This article highlights that the operation has been able to nurture coordination between the police and the military. However, there are also potential risks for the future of counter terrorism efforts in Indonesia. Counter terrorism requires a multidisciplinary approach, yet the involvement of TNI in all sectors would only lead to suboptimal achievements of the military. This article also discusses the militarisation approach in counter terrorism is likely to escalate the use of violence.

The Role of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding: A Civil–Military Cooperation (CIMIC) Perspective

This paper scrutinises the assimilation of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia – TNI) into civilian structures to shape a harmonised civil–military cooperation (CIMIC) in post-conflict peacebuilding initiatives. Acting as a crucial state apparatus, the TNI confronts a spectrum of threats, upholds national integrity, and follows Law No. 34/2004 by promoting soft power in non-combative military operations. Notwithstanding concerns raised by peace activists regarding potential human rights breaches during armed interventions, peacebuilding heavily depends on trust-building, which is a key catalyst for stakeholder cooperation. In contradiction to activists’ apprehensions, 2022 surveys reveal an impressive public trust level of around 93% towards the TNI. This robust public confidence sets a promising stage for the active engagement of the TNI in peacebuilding. To ensure effective participation, the TNI must demonstrate human rights commitment and adaptability to civilian protocols and guarantee non-repressive methodologies in peace missions. Leveraging its soft power, the TNI can cultivate productive alliances with civil institutions via joint ventures under civilian supremacy within a regulated CIMIC construct. The theory of change offers a unique perspective on the intertwined dynamics of civil–military collaboration, public trust and soft military power in peacebuilding, steering state policy outcomes. These are shaped by the government’s ability to reshape military duties devoid of military overreach. In conclusion, civilian control over the military materialises through shared accountability in peacebuilding endeavours, encapsulated within the CIMIC framework.

Improving musical skills for members of military band unit of Indonesian Army in administrative officer military area command IV Diponegoro Semarang

Military music has a very significant role in every military event and government activity such as national ceremonies, important military ceremonies, and internal military activities. Military music also functions as a signal giver to high-ranking leaders such as the President and his staff, the Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, Generals, and high commanders in the military. Since music is important within military units, a special unit called a military band unit was formed with the task of organizing military music activities and providing military music services to arouse a spirit of nationalism, professionalism, and patriotism for the personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. The phenomenon that occurs in the military band unit is that not all personnel, especially the Army, have an academic background in music. Members from several units such as combat units can only play wind and percussion instruments but do not understand the basic techniques of music and playing musical instruments. This is because some members join the band unit due to the lack of personnel in the unit, and it is added to the high demands of members who are able to play music well. The solution to addressing this problem is to organize training to improve the musical skills of members of the military band unit, namely (1) reading and writing musical notation, (2) correct techniques in playing musical instruments, especially wind and percussion instruments, and (3) maintenance of musical instruments that are used daily.

Analysis of the Roles and Capabilities of the Indonesian National Armed Forces in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic as a Non-Military Threat

The spread of COVID-19 has been declared a non-natural national disaster, and it is recognized as a genuine non-military threat that necessitates collaboration among various institutions, particularly within the context of non-military defense, which falls under the purview of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). Responding to COVID-19 falls under the government’s responsibility, which includes the establishment of the COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force. The collaboration between civilian institutions and the TNI as elements of the unit is expected to demonstrate a streamlined and effective command line, aiming to uphold and safeguard the nation’s security effectively. This paper aims to analyze the role and capacity of TNI in addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic as a non-military threat by measuring the impact of various determinants on the implementation of the role and capabilities of TNI. The research employed a mixed methods approach, incorporating both sequential and concurrent models. Additionally, it involved an in-depth qualitative analysis of each determinant utilized in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. Generally, the primary elements in the COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force are civilian institutions based on the category of disaster and its societal impact. Nevertheless, the involvement of TNI through Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) can expedite COVID-19 management through aid and humanitarian operations. Non-military defense operations strategically establish control command between ministries/agencies and local governments. The optimization of TNI’s capabilities in crisis management involves deploying personnel across Indonesia, with a central command under the TNI Commander and the establishment of command centers in crisis-affected areas. The success of TNI’s performance can be evaluated by examining its strategic leadership and patterns of civil-military cooperation in a systematic and deliberate manner.

Human Resources Management Strategy in the Military Justice Environment: Study of State Civil Apparatus Management at the High Court of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia

The Supreme Court is a judicial institution vested with authority to exercise judicial power in four separate branches of the judiciary, namely the General Courts, Religious Courts, Administrative Courts, and Military Courts. The Military Court, in particular, serves as the judicial body responsible for upholding the law and justice for members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). Unlike the other three branches of the judiciary, the Military Court system consists of three appellate courts and one main court. The existence of these four courts is governed by Law Number 31 of 1997 on Military Judiciary and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 125 of 2009 on the Delegation of Authority to High-Ranking Officials and Chief Justices of Appellate Courts within the Supreme Court for Signing in the Field of Personnel. However, the implementation of these regulations has still resulted in varying interpretations and paradigm differences, especially in understanding the phrase "appellate court," which has been perceived as somewhat biased and not fully implemented. This is particularly evident in the coordination and management of Civil Servants (ASN), as the Supreme Court places the Main Military Court on par with the appellate courts, although in practice, the Main Military Court resembles a "court above the appellate courts." This research employs a qualitative approach with a specific Case Study research method, focusing on the differential treatment of ASN members who represent a minority within the Military Judiciary. Ultimately, the study recognizes the need to bring together perspectives and unify understandings regarding the implementation of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 125 of 2009, analyzed through the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) theory, in order to harmonize the management and governance of appellate courts. This would help eliminate disparities between the High Military Court and the Main Military Court, serving as a bridge of understanding within the Military Judiciary in Indonesia.

Influence Of Perceptions Of Safety And Programs Occupational Health (POH) On Work Achievement Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Maritime Task

This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of perceptions of occupational safety and health on the work performance of KRI soldiers and to mediate the motivation to use personal protective equipment (PPE) between K3 perceptions and work performance. The study population was soldiers of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) Navy who served on the Republic of Indonesia Ship (KRI) KRI, while the number of samples studied reached 370 people. The analysis technique uses Struqtural Equation Modeling (SEM) structural equation modeling. The results showed that there was a significant influence between perceptions of occupational safety and occupational health on soldier performance. The path coefficient between X1 to Y is 0.197 with a p-value of 0.032 while the variable X2 to Y has a path coefficient of 0.351 with a p-value of 0.000. Mediating motivation to use PPE is also significant between variables X1 and X2 on work performance. The coefficient X1 on Z, for example, obtained a value of 0.316 and the coefficient X2 on Z was 0.49, while the effect of Z itself on Y was 0.255. All of these variables have a p-value below 5%. The magnitude of the indirect effect of X2 on Y is 0.125 and X1 on Y is 0.081. This means that Z is more dominant in mediating X2 to Y than X1 to Y.

Building Disaster Resilient Tourism through Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Batu City

Indonesia has a high intensity of disaster events. The high incidence of disasters in Indonesia has had a detrimental impact on several sectors, one of which is the tourism sector. This study was conducted to find out actors who play a role in disaster management strategy and their relation to national defense. This study used QGIS software, MICMAC, and MACTOR for analysis. MICMAC analysis emphasizes factors or variables, and then MACTOR emphasizes actors. This research found that the institutional capacity between institutions in Batu City was good, but still needed to be improved. The role of actors in improving disaster management in tourism areas in Batu City is very crucial, especially BPBD and DLH as actors who influence other actors on strategy and disaster management in Batu City. The role of actors in disaster management through risk mapping, preparing emergency response plans, and involving the community in prevention efforts are important actions in disaster management. The success of these efforts will contribute to overall national security and stability. This condition led to the involvement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in emergency disaster response operations.

MILITARY LEADERSHIP AND LEADER PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL MILITARY BEHAVIOR

This study aims to examine the effectiveness model of military leadership and organizational military behavior (OMB) on the organizational performance of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). This research uses descriptive and explanatory survey methods. The population in this study were 69 POMDAM and DENPOM units throughout Indonesia. The data collection technique uses cross-sectional techniques through Google Forms. The data analysis used is the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model. The findings of this study conclude: (1) the new concept has valid and reliable indicators; (2) military leadership and OMB significantly affect performance; (3) military leadership significantly affects organizational performance through OMB as mediation. Therefore, this research is expected to assist one of the crucial sectors in Indonesia and be considered in research in the military sector. Furthermore, the concepts and models in this study should be empirically tested in further research.

Human Resources Management in the Posture Development of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for National Defence

Human resources are the most important assets possessed by every institution, from the lowest level of institutions to the highest level such as the state. The dynamics of an uncertain and complex strategic environment have an impact on the defense posture of the TNI, which continues to be demanded to be able to balance these dynamics. In the process, the development of the TNI's posture experienced many obstacles, so that the role of human resource management (HR) was needed in developing the posture of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) for national defense purposes. Through a qualitative approach and data collection from primary and secondary sources, this study analyzes various aspects of human resource management that are relevant in the context of the TNI. The results of this study indicate that there are still problems in every process of human resource management in the development of the TNI's posture, such as welfare, health services, and social security. Based on these problems, the role of human resource management is needed according to the needs and dynamics of the existing strategic environment. The findings of this journal can provide insight into how effective human resource management can influence national defense forces and enhance TNI capabilities.

Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Jenis Psikotropika yang Dilakukan Anggota TNI (Putusan No.80-K/PM I-02/AD/VII/2018)

The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) is part of society and protectors specially prepared to carry out the duties and defense of the country. In addition, the Indonesian National Army (TNI) is limited by laws and military regulations, so all actions undertaken must be based on applicable laws and regulations. To carry out specific duties and obligations, the Indonesian National Army (TNI) is educated and trained to comply with orders or decisions and carry them out appropriately and efficiently. The increase in the illicit circulation of narcotics in the territory of Indonesia is due to the lack of strictness or the lightness of the punishments imposed on dealers and users or the development of narcotics abuse and illicit trafficking not only in the general public but also in the military community, both as manufacturers, dealers and users. The illicit circulation of narcotics within the military is currently very concerning for the discipline and future of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) because it will lead to dependence on its users and hinder the implementation of its primary duties, damage the physical and mental health of military members who use narcotics, and the Criminal Code will be enforced. The Military Criminal Law, especially regarding the imposition of a sentence, but if the act is not regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code, another law that regulates it will apply. This study aims to find out the factors that cause narcotics abuse by military members and to analyze the judge's decision regarding the criminal act of narcotics abuse by members of the TNI. This study uses a normative juridical approach and is descriptive by using legal sources in the form of secondary data, in this case, bibliographical data. Data collection techniques are carried out using decision studies and searches of related documents, laws, literature, etc. The study results showed that the Military Prosecutor in the trial brought the defendant along with his identity data, and the defendant confirmed that the identity was his so that there was no wrong subject.

Determinants of the Indonesian military’s career development: Mediating role of performance and moderating role of objectivity of organizational commitment

Career development is a vital aspect of improving work effectiveness and the best contribution of employees to the organization. This study aims to explore the determinants of career development of the Indonesian military. This quantitative study uses a questionnaire (in print and Google Forms) to collect data from 384 Indonesian National Armed Forces personnel at the Iskandar Muda Military Command, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The participants were army soldiers with the rank levels of non-commissioned, first, and middle officers. Data were processed using the AMOS software and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The findings show that the three constructs (work motivation, physical fitness, and emotional intelligence) are relevant in predicting the performance and career development of the Indonesian military. Next, the objectivity of organizational commitment moderates the relationship between performance and career development. In addition, performance mediates the relationship between the three independent variables and career development. These findings imply that the Iskandar Muda military command is expected to be able to apply them in improving performance and career development under applicable procedures.

KESIAPSIAGAAN PESAWAT ANGKUT C-130 UNTUK PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA ALAM

The involvement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in the task of humanitarian operations is very strategic. Among other things, this task was carried out by Squadron 31, namely by providing heavy and long-distance transportation equipment. Preparedness in humanitarian operations by providing 130 Hercules aircraft is an important aspect that supports the success of humanitarian operations. Research purposes. Analyzing the Preparedness of the 31 Squadron at Halim Perdanakusuma Air Base in the Provision of C-130 Transport Aircraft for Natural Disaster Management in Indonesia.Research methods using a descriptive qualitative approach with the selection of data sources using purposive sampling. Analysis of data from interviews, observations and documentation studies. Constructive analysis techniques with interactive procedures. Improvements to an effective humanitarian logistics management system to support the availability of spare parts in adequate and timely quantities for Squadron 31. Organizing training and education for aircraft crews for disaster management in accordance with the qualification standards of the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) as well as internationally involving the Indonesian Air Force and the Air Force and BNPB.