Indonesian Islamic Boarding Schools Research Articles

The new identity of Indonesian Islamic boarding schools in the “new normal”: the education leadership response to COVID-19

The purpose of this study was to investigate the leadership practices of Indonesian Islamic boarding school (pesantren) leaders, school principals, and teachers in responding to the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, to ensure the continuation of boarding school education in the “new normal” period. Generated using a moderated focus group discussion with principals and teachers, the findings suggest that principals' and teachers' leadership practices are acceptable in the policy, social support, and financial dimensions but still lack structural and teaching aspects about conducting blended learning. Based on this study's findings, pesantren leaders (kyai) and school principals should pay attention to training programs for implementing blended learning for teachers. The government is encouraged to assist in providing technical facilities pesantren can implement blended learning more effectively.

Acceleration of Mega Merger of SOE Sharia Banks in Indonesia through Revitalization of Sharia Economic Law in Islamic Boarding Schools

Generally, we can see that law is all rules of behavior in norms regulating orders among societies. Likewise, sharia economic law regulates policies of the community in economic activities, and the application of this rule in Indonesia can be studied through Islamic boarding schools as a place for Islamic scientific education. The condition of this Indonesian pesantren is no longer only studying classical sciences. Still, also it has developed by studying modern sciences such as studies in several Indonesian pesantren which have revitalized sharia economic law as a study, which is included in the science curriculum and equipped with institutional facilities to support learning in providing an overview of sharia economic practices. Accordingly, the program has become one of the instruments for accelerating the mega-merger of Islamic banks. This research used qualitative methods with data collection through interviews and direct observations in the field. This study found that Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia have provided Islamic economic, scientific facilities, and Islamic microfinance institutions to support learning Islamic economic law to introduce knowledge and provision of Islamic economic practices so that students could apply Islamic economic values. Meanwhile, the existing programs in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools produced reliable students in the sharia economy to support the acceleration of the Islamic Bank's mega-merger through several programs such as the study of muamalah fiqh books, in collaboration with education and training held by financial institutions owned by Islamic boarding schools as well as employment programs for alumni of pesantren and guiding Islamic banking.

STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DAN DISTRIBUSI DANA DI BANK WAKAF MIKRO ALMUNA BERKAH MANDIRI YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2019

A strategy is needed by an institution to achieve the expected goals. With strategy management, a decision making process is created that leads to the development of an effective strategy. Micro Wakaf Bank is a new Islamic microfinance institution established by the President through the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as a community empowerment program around Islamic Boarding School. The name of the Micro Waqf Bank is only a branding to attract the interest of the community. But in accordance with the law, Micro Waqf Bank is a service cooperative. To run its programs, the Micro Waqf Bank needs a strategy, especially in the management and distribution of funds. By using qualitative methods presented in descriptive analytic supported by taking data sources with documentation, observation and interviews. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman data analysis and SWOT analysis. This study aims to determine the management strategy and distribution of funds in the Micro Bank Almuna Berkah Mandiri Yogyakarta in 2019. The results of this study indicate that the Micro Wakaf Bank manages funds by providing microfinance without collateral to the community through the Community Groups Around the Indonesian Islamic Boarding School (Kumpi) and the joint responsibility system as a pattern in financing and business assistance through the establishment of Weekly Halaqah (Halmi). In its distribution, Almuna Berkah Mandiri Micro Endowment Bank uses qardh and jualah contracts. Then the calculation results of the SWOT analysis showed IFAS score of strength 2.63 and weakness 0.79 while the EFAS score of chance 2.63 and threat 1.13. And the strategy adopted is the SO (Strength & Opportunity) strategy, which is a strategy that seeks to exploit opportunities with the strength of the Micro Waqf Bank.

The Teaching Of English In An Indonesian Islamic Boarding School: Design, Enactment, And Hindrances

The present study described good practices, supporting learning factors, and language learning focus of students in English learning at Nurul Jadid by employing a qualitative research approach. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation from 60 students of an elementary, intermediate, and advanced level of 2019 academic year. The result shows that students of Nurul Jadid use English as their lingua franca to communicate with each other to make them comprehend the language directly. However to reach the goal of learning English effectively in Nurul Jadid, teachers select implicit and explicit learning activities in their extra-curricular programs such as; (1) speech, (2) discussion, (3) debate, (4) showing-opinion, (5) composing, (6) translation, (7) rooms-competition, (8) morning-talk, (9) native-day, (10) audio-visual, (11) quiz, and (12) evaluation-meeting. Besides, the study also shows that teachers of Nurul Jadid utilize some supporting learning factors to encourage the good practice of the learning process. They are curriculum used, the role of human resources, environmental setting, rules-obedient, and motivation effect. In addition, the finding also shows the language learning focus of the students of FLDI. The elementary student is the low-level that focuses on learning language structures, and the intermediate student is the medium-level that focuses on learning language application or language function. The advanced student is the high-level who learn about metalinguistic awareness or advance communication knowledge.

The Challenge of Moral Decadence Perspectives on the Study of Al-Arba‘in An-Nawawiyah Hadith

The phenomenon of moral decadence is a topic that never dims. Like an endless sea, problem after problems related to the moral decline of the nation's children continues to roll over time. Religious education has an important role in overcoming moral problems that never end. Hadith as the basis of the second Islamic law certainly has a very basic position in Islamic education. Among the thousands of hadiths in the Islamic books, there are 40 hadith selected by Imam Nawawi, then collected in a book called al-arbain al-nawawiyah. The book al-arbain al-nawawiyah received an extraordinary reception from all corners of the world, even the book became a mandatory lesson in Indonesian Islamic Boarding Schools in general. The development of the times brought its challenges in moral matters, especially for the millennial generation. Presumably, the actualization and contextualization of moral values ​​in the book needs to be done. So that found moral values ​​that are relevant to the times. In the end, moral values ​​can easily be understood and practised. And after researching the study of literature from various related references, the authors find that there are moral values ​​that are relevant for overcoming the problem of decadence that is increasingly afflicting. So it is proper for moral studies to be found in the book of al-arbain al-nawawiyah to be studied not only in pesantren but also in other formal and informal institutions.

The language attitude of Islamic boarding school students toward English

Language attitude study has proven to reveal students’ success and failure in learning language. Attitude is not innate, but learned. Students learn to grow and improve their positive language attitudes towards foreign languages through certain programs at schools. The aim of this research is to investigate the language attitude of students in an Indonesian Islamic boarding school towards English as a foreign Language and to describe why they have the attitude. The respondents were 49 students of 2nd grade of senior high school classes from HAC (High-Achieving Class) and LAC (Low-Achieving Class). The design of this research was mixed method using explanatory sequential design. To obtain the data, the instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of cognitive, affective and conative components of language attitudes. Interview was carried out to acquire the reason the students had the attitudes. The finding was both HAC and LAC students’ language attitudes were mostly positive (91.83%) in cognitive, affective and conative language attitudes. Some (8.17%) had different language attitudes. They showed positive language attitudes, but acquired low scores and showed negative language attitudes, but acquired high scores. The interview revealed this phenomenon.

On fun and freedom: young women's moral learning in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools

AbstractThis article analyses the role of fun and freedom in the moral learning of young women students in two Indonesian Islamic boarding schools. Recent debates about Islam and ethical subject formation have centred on the assumed tension between Islam and freedom. I examine decisions about television viewing and dress to illustrate both the flexibility and fixity of moral values and evaluation in girls’ lives. I argue that anthropologists of morality and Islam should take seriously moments of fun as important instances for ‘moral ludus’ or ‘moral play’ – the testing, shifting, and reshaping of the boundaries of moral behaviours that involve balancing the demands of various social fields and the larger ethical community in which a person is embedded. I suggest that these moments be viewed not as ruptures or instances of hypocrisy but as everyday occurrences of embedded agency in the lives of piety‐minded individuals.

HOW IS SOCIAL CAPITAL CONVERTED TO BE ECONOMIC CAPITAL? A CASE STUDY FROM PESANTREN’S SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTS

There is an increasing trend among Indonesian Islamic boarding schools or locally called pesantren to address the socio-economic problems of their neighbouring communities. Over the last two decades, many pesantren have articulated that concern through operating Islamic microfinance business or popularly called BMT (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil) and other enterprise forms. However, the majority of those initiatives are not financially developing. Pesantren Sidogiri is among a few of those exhibit business success and relatively significant social benefits to the Pesantren as well as its graduates. Based on fieldwork findings and the employment of social capital theory, this paper argues that the success of Pesantren Sidogiri’s three business hubs (Kopontren Sidogiri, BMT MMU, BMT UGT) is because the Pesantren has successfully mobilised and managed its rich social capital which is embedded in the Pesantren’s social networks. That social networks have constantly been managed and developed through appropriable social organisations and closure of social networks. The former is evident in the Pesantren’s program of Affiliating Madrasah (madrasah ranting) and Teacher-Internship (guru tugas), while the latter in the Alumni Association (himpunan alumni) and the publication of monthly-Bulletin Sidogiri. These two streams have intentionally or unintentionally provided the Pesantren with a ready-use of social capital to be converted as economic capital in its economic projects.There is an increasing trend among Indonesian Islamic boarding schools or locally called pesantren to address the socio-economic problems of their neighbouring communities. Over the last two decades, many pesantren have articulated that concern through operating Islamic microfinance business or popularly called BMT (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil) and other enterprise forms. However, the majority of those initiatives are not financially developing. Pesantren Sidogiri is among a few of those exhibit business success and relatively significant social benefits to the Pesantren as well as its graduates. Based on fieldwork findings and the employment of social capital theory, this paper argues that the success of Pesantren Sidogiri’s three business hubs (Kopontren Sidogiri, BMT MMU, BMT UGT) is because the Pesantren has successfully mobilised and managed its rich social capital which is embedded in the Pesantren’s social networks. That social networks have constantly been managed and developed through appropriable social organisations and closure of social networks. The former is evident in the Pesantren’s program of Affiliating Madrasah (madrasah ranting) and Teacher-Internship (guru tugas), while the latter in the Alumni Association (himpunan alumni) and the publication of monthly-Bulletin Sidogiri. These two streams have intentionally or unintentionally provided the Pesantren with a ready-use of social capital to be converted as economic capital in its economic projects.

Investigating EFL Classroom Management in Pesantren: A Case Study

Classroom management (CM) is one of the most important issues in education and this research was aimed at understanding the classroom management problems and the coping strategies of Indonesian Islamic Boarding schools’ [hereinafter-termed pesantren] with the uniqueness of their system from the perspectives of the English teachers. Specifically, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom management (CM) problems and the coping strategies of Indonesian Islamic boarding schools’ teachers. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and observation with eight English teachers working in the three pesantren. We organized our analysis and discussion around their perspectives and the contexts in which the classroom management problems and the coping strategies they encountered emerged. Seven major themes emerged, which were (1) challenged by students’ participation and motivation, (2) managing students’ behaviors: between punishment and encouragement, (3) dealing with three languages in the classroom, (4) teachers’ performance as a source of challenges in CM, (5) teachers’ discipline: rule breaking due to lower salary, (6) non major English teachers, but forced to teach English, (7) struggling with time management, and (8) struggling to manage large classes.

A Qualitative Analysis of Pesantren Educational Management: School Culture and Leadership of a Professional Learning Community

The purpose of this paper is to explore supportive and shared leadership structures at one Indonesian Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) as a function of school culture policies and procedures in a professional learning community in the disctrict. A qualitative study was conducted at one Pesantren located in Jambi, an Indonesian province in west part of Sumatra island. We interviewed three administrators and five teachers to get in-depth information about the purpose of this paper. The interview transcriptions were translated, coded, divided into themes, and elaborated in the findings of the paper. The findings of study conclude that Pesantren leaders in the perspective of the participants must provide supportive and shared leadership structures for teachers in order to create positive cultures and effective a professional learning community for the development of the Pesantren. Leaders of the Pesantren must directly cooperate with teaching staff to provide policies and procedures for teachers in the leadership structure to directly impact school improvement through professional learning community collaborative attempts. This study was conducted based on the school culture and professional learning communities literature by exploring existent policies and practices in schools as unique cases. This study is significant to the community as specific cases informing educational leaders especially in Islamic education on mechanisms that may be leveraged to ensure successful implementation of policies and procedures on the leadership and school culture of a professional learning community literature.

The Politics of Transformative Nationality: An Experience of Moslem Theologian (Ulama) at Indonesian Islamic Boarding Schools

The communities of Islamic boarding schools as institutions that are born from the basis and doctrine of Islam are meticulously and courageously successful in dialectics with the facts of life. In the colonial era, the communities of Islamic boarding schools did not only fight because of the reasons which the colonialism exploited and treated the people in a non-human way, but also more than the religious doctrine was the most basic foundation so that resistance occurred continuously. The communities of Islamic boarding school is also able to provide a theological solution to critical issues related to the basic foundation of nation and state, such as the basic state debate in the Jakarta charter, and the single principle of Pancasila. As the result, the communities of Islamic boarding schools have made a final decision known the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), Bhinneka Tunggal Eka (unity in diversity), Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution is the final and complete for Indonesian nation.

Filsafat Pendidikan dan Hidden Curriculum dalam Perspektif KH. Imam Zarkasyi (1910-1985)

KH. Imam Zarkasyi (1910-1985) of Gontor Ponorogo East Java along with his two other brothers called Trimurti (the three founders of Pondok Modern Gontor), both KH. Ahmad Sahal (1901-1977) and KH. Zainuddin Fannani (1905- 1967) were the most dedicated figures on the modern Indonesian Islamic boarding schools education system. Kiai Zarkasyi was not only well known in Indonesia but even in the Muslim world. This article attempts to gain a deeper understanding about Zarkasyi’s educational philosophy and his hidden curriculum; and how the patterns of its implementation in the educational system processes thus provides a significant influence on his discipliners, with a qualitative approach in the form of naturalistic phenomenology through literature study and empirical experience as a means of checking the validity of confirmatory data. The findings revealed that all educational activities in Pondok Modern Gontor has governed by a soul by design which maintained formal curriculum (intra-curricular and extra-curricular) called written curriculum. On the top of all, the study discoveres the patterns of hidden curriculum applicable as the affect of edicational process under the formal curriculum. It took place in many models such as learning by instruction, learning by doing, and so on. Here, in fact, there is the strength and success of education in dormitories, such as in Pondok Modern Gontor which has a significant direct effect on the students, who in turn has an effect on the nation character building and the religion.