The night of September 12, 1984, sawJakarta's worst street violence since the anti-Tanaka, anti-cukong Malari affair of a decade ago. Hundreds of Moslem youths fired up by inflammatory mosque lectures moved through the streets of Tanjung Priok (North Jakarta) in bloodly confrontation with the security forces. Yelling antigovernment and anti-Chinese slogans and epithets, they charged Indonesian army units and were dispersed by gunfire, forced to give way in a rampaging retreat. As many as 28 people were killed. The government quickly rounded up the suspected ringleaders and radical Islamic teachers. While clamping down on the political content of the da'wah (Islamic instruction and missionary information activity), the security elite quickly sought to shift the blame for the Tanjung Priok incident to underground communist elements. Even so, Jakarta and other centers in East and Central Java were flooded with underground pamphlets inciting the faithful to take up arms to defend their religion against those who would destroy Islam. A series of bomb blasts and incendiary fires, together with numerous bomb and arson threats, frayed already tense nerves. The pattern of terrorist events suggested to some a spreading threat of embryonic urban guerrilla warfare.' Senior officers of the Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI), including the ABRI commander, General L. B. Moerdani, visited leading mosques and pesantran (traditional Islamic schools) to tell the ulama and kiyayi that ABRI was not the enemy of Islam. "I would like to assert," Gen. Moerdani told an East Javanese audience of about a thousand Islamic teachers, "that Moslems in Indonesia are not cornered and will never be cornered."2 But cornered is