Individual Style Research Articles

학교현장실습에서 예비보건교사의 수업 전문성 향상에 대한 질적 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore how prospective health teachers developed their professionalism through the teaching practicum. Methods The author interviewed nine prospective health teachers who conducted their teaching practicum at the secondary schools during four weeks. The author also collected and analyzed the documents of teaching practicum logs of prospective health teachers. Results Through instruction observation and teaching practice, the prospective teachers were gradually able to improve their health instruction. They worked collaboratively to plan health lessons, observed each other's classes, and discussed and reflected on what worked well and what did not work in their lessons. By observing the differences in each other's instruction despites the same lesson plan, they learned that each of the prospective teachers had their own individual teaching styles and teaching philosophies, and worked to develop their own ones. Furthermore, the prospective teachers were able to improve their teaching professionalism by reflecting on their trial-and-error experiences while teaching the health lessons in multiple classes: they continued to modify their lesson plans in response to student reactions in teaching. In addition to enhancing their own instructional expertise, they recognized and learned the importance of teacher collaboration in developing teaching professionalism. Conclusions Theses results suggested that the teaching practicum would contribute to the professional development of prospective health teachers by encouraging them to collaborate with each other, observe each other's lessons, and reflect in and on their teaching practices.

A Performance Interpretation of the Viennese Classics by the Example of Fantasia for Piano, Chorus and Orchestra in C Minor, Op. 80 by Ludwig van Beethoven

"The relevance of the study is determined by the need to cover the significance, uniqueness and means of performance of one of the masterpieces of the Viennese Classical School — Fantasia in c minor, op. 80 for mixed choir, piano and orchestra by Beethoven. The aim of this publication was to study the problems of performance interpretation of the legacy of the Viennese Classical School using the example of L. Beethoven’s Fantasia for piano, soloists, mixed chorus, and orchestra. Research methods were: creation of an information background; comparative analysis and structuring of information; identification of the categories that make the basis of the problem; generalization of obtained data. The materials based on audio and video recordings of the work by prominent representatives of the performing arts were used. The literature on the stylistic and compositional atmosphere of the era of Viennese classicism, as well as on features of the genres of the work was also used. The results of the study revealed the interrelationship of all components of the problem being studied. They evidenced the inseparability of such elements as genre, musical form, instrumentation, manner of performance, a certain historical period, as well as the stylistic orientation prevailing within it. Its main categories were identified while studying the chosen topic, as well as their dependency on the temporal, stylistic, individual, and psychological (performers’ personalities) context was established. These facts became a theoretical and methodological contribution to art science, history of performance, as well as music pedagogy. As a conclusion of the study on performing interpretation of the Viennese classics using the example of Fantasia by Beethoven, its genre stylistic and compositional technical universality was determined; the process during which the piano becomes a solo concert instrument; the role of improvisation in the large-scale synthetic genre; development of a single performance concept by the conductor, pianist and choirmaster, diversity of artistic and psychological types of performance while preserving the main author’s idea. The research of this topic has wide prospects in the future, thanks to its volume, multi-vector nature, connection with a wide range of musical subjects, and sensitivity to individual styles of interpretation in the context of different epochs. This is emphasized by the value of classical heritage, the need to preserve and popularize it. Keywords: performance interpretation, genre uniqueness; author’s performance; improvisation; synthesis of musical forms; solo concert instrument."

Neural underpinnings of processing combinatorial unstated meaning and the influence of individual cognitive style.

We investigated the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the processing of combinatorial unstated meaning. Sentences like "Charles jumped for 5 minutes." engender an iterative meaning that is not explicitly stated but enriched by comprehenders beyond simple composition. Comprehending unstated meaning involves meaning contextualization-integrative meaning search in sentential-discourse context. Meanwhile, people differ in how they process information with varying context sensitivity. We hypothesized that unstated meaning processing would vary with individual socio-cognitive propensity indexed by the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), accompanied by differential cortical engagements. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined the processing of sentences with unstated iterative meaning in typically-developed individuals and found an engagement of the fronto-parietal network, including the left pars triangularis (L.PT), right intraparietal (R.IPS), and parieto-occipital sulcus (R.POS). We suggest that the L.PT subserves a contextual meaning search, while the R.IPS/POS supports enriching unstated iteration in consideration of event durations and interval lengths. Moreover, the activation level of these regions negatively correlated with AQ. Higher AQ ties to lower L.PT activation, likely reflecting weaker context sensitivity, along with lower IPS activation, likely reflecting weaker computation of events' numerical-temporal specifications. These suggest that the L.PT and R.IPS/POS support the processing of combinatorial unstated meaning, with the activation level modulated by individual cognitive styles.

Peningkatan Teknologi Dalam Pembelajaran Guru Terhadap Perkembangan Merdeka Belajar Di Tingkat Sekolah Dasar

To improve the quality of teacher education and encourage the establishment of the merdeka learning system at the elementary school level, technology plays an important role. The educational concept called Merdeka Learning provides opportunities for students to choose and organize educational programs according to their interests and needs. Technology is now very capable of supporting the integration of independent learning into classroom practice in this digital era. Technology integration in teacher learning has a positive impact on improving the quality of learning at the elementary school level. Teachers who are trained and assisted in the use of technology can create learning content that is more interesting and interactive. In addition, technology also gives students the freedom to organize their own learning and choose learning resources according to their individual interests and learning styles. This research provides great benefits for teachers and students in elementary schools. Teachers can use technology to improve the quality of learning, while students feel the freedom in learning that is more personal and according to their interests.

From distal to proximal to interactive: behavioral and brain synchrony during attraction, courtship, and sexual interaction-implications for clinical assessments of relationship style and quality.

Synchronous behaviors between individuals are nonverbal signs of closeness and common purpose. In the flow from initial attraction to intimate sexual interaction, attention and synchrony move from distal to proximal to interactive and are mediated by sensitized activation of neural systems for sexual motivation, arousal, and desire and those that recognize and mimic common facial and body movements between individuals. When reinforced by sexual pleasure and other relationship rewards, this results in the strengthening of attraction and bonding and the display of more common motor patterns. As relationships falter, nonverbal behaviors likely become asynchronous. To define behavioral, romantic, and sexual synchrony during phases of attraction and how their disruption can be observed and utilized by clinicians to assess individual relationship styles and quality. We review the literature on behavioral and attentional synchrony in humans and animals in an effort to understand experiential and innate mechanisms of synchrony and asynchrony and how they develop, as well as implications for attraction, relationship initiation, maintenance of romantic and sexual closeness, and relationship disintegration. Evidence is presented that behavioral synchrony and the neural mechanisms that underlie it are vital to relationship formation and satisfaction. Behavioral synchrony helps to create feelings of sexual and romantic synergy, cohesion, and arousal among individuals. Asynchrony is aversive and can spark feelings of discontent, aversion, and jealousy. Thus, observing patterns of nonverbal sexual and romantic synchrony between individuals offers insights into the potential quality of their relationships.

The Relationship of Sleep Hours on the Academic Performance and Classroom Participation of Senior High School Students

The transition from online classes to blended learning has resulted in a common occurrence of sleep deprivation among Senior High School (SHS) students. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between students' sleeping hours and their academic performance and classroom participation at NU-Nazareth. The researchers opted for a descriptive-correlational research design, using a multi-stage sampling technique to select participants for the study. The study was conducted at NU-Nazareth School during the academic year 2022-2023. The data collected revealed that, on average, students had only 6 hours of sleep. Surprisingly, the study's findings indicated no significant relationship between sleep hours and academic performance, nor between sleep hours and classroom participation. Therefore, based on the data, it can be concluded that a student's academic performance and classroom engagement are not significantly influenced by their sleep duration. The results suggest that factors other than sleep play a more substantial role in influencing students' academic performance and participation levels. These factors could include motivation, interest in the subject matter, teaching methods, classroom environment, and individual learning styles, which may have a greater impact on how students perform and participate in class. Further exploration of these factors could provide valuable insights into enhancing students' overall learning experiences.

Concomitant exposure to air pollution, green space, and noise and risk of stroke: a cohort study from Denmark.

Air pollution, road traffic noise, and green space are correlated factors, associated with risk of stroke. We investigated their independent relationship with stroke in multi-exposure analyses and estimated their cumulative stroke burden. For all persons, ≥50 years of age and living in Denmark from 2005 to 2017, we established complete address histories and estimated running 5-year mean exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), ultrafine particles, elemental carbon, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and road traffic noise at the most, and least exposed façade. For air pollutants, we estimated total, and non-traffic contributions. Green space around the residence was estimated from land use maps. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence limits (CL) were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models and used to calculate cumulative risk indices (CRI). We adjusted for the individual and sociodemographic covariates available in our dataset (which did not include information about individual life styles and medical conditions). The cohort accumulated 18,344,976 years of follow-up and 94,256 cases of stroke. All exposures were associated with risk of stroke in single pollutant models. In multi-pollutant analyses, only PM2.5 (HR: 1.058, 95% CI: 1.040-1.075) and noise at most exposed façade (HR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.024-1.042) were independently associated with a higher risk of stroke. Both noise and air pollution contributed substantially to the CRI (1.103, 95% CI: 1.092-1.114) in the model with noise, green space, and total PM2.5 concentrations. Environmental exposure to air pollution and noise were both independently associated with risk of stroke. Health Effects Institute (HEI) (Assistance Award No. R-82811201).

Motivation as a Tool for Increasing the Productivity from Workers in an Organisation

The success of any organization largely depends upon the quality of human resources deployed towards the work and their level of satisfaction. Further when employees are not motivated could not reach to the expectation of organizational standards in terms of their productivity. When the productivity of the individual has comedown obviously it will affect the productivity of the organization and negativity on the profitability of the organization. Motivation has become part and parcel everyday of human life. Motivation has become significant due to dynamic social factors and changing needs of life styles of individuals. The present study aims at examine in the level of motivation among the employees and to investigate the factors which are responsible for increased motivation and give suitable solution for the managing the employees.

The Role of Decision-Making Styles in Shaping Cybersecurity Compliance Behavior

The growing number of attacks on crucial cyber networks is one of humanity’s most significant security threats. Combining technological solutions with the convenient cybersecurity behavior of the human factor is necessary to reduce the effects of these attacks. In this study, the impact of individual decision-making styles on cybersecurity compliance behavior was examined. A conceptual framework was developed based on the protective motivation theory, and it was tested with a data set representing the survey results of 668 employees and students with work experience. Regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impacts of individuals’ decision-making styles on cybersecurity compliance behaviors. Results showed that the decision-making styles of individuals affected their cybersecurity compliance behaviors, and these effects showed significant differences according to their decision-making styles. The study also confirmed that security awareness was another important indicator of cybersecurity compliance behavior. Our research provided new insight into the effects of individual decision-making styles on cybersecurity compliance behavior.

Identifying Soccer Players' Playing Styles: A Systematic Review.

Identifying playing styles in football is highly valuable for achieving effective performance analysis. While there is extensive research on team styles, studies on individual player styles are still in their early stages. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on player styles and identify research areas required for further development, offering new directions for future research. Following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we conducted a search using a specific strategy across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to the initial search results, ultimately identifying twelve studies suitable for inclusion in this review. Through thematic analysis and qualitative evaluation of these studies, several key findings emerged: (a) a lack of a structured theoretical framework for player styles based on their positions within the team formation, (b) absence of studies investigating the influence of contextual variables on player styles, (c) methodological deficiencies observed in the reviewed studies, and (d) disparity in the objectives of sports science and data science studies. By identifying these gaps in the literature and presenting a structured framework for player styles (based on the compilation of all reported styles from the reviewed studies), this review aims to assist team stakeholders and provide guidance for future research endeavors.

Stylistic Features of Church Music After Dimitrie Cunțanu, a Default Typology

"Present both in the melodies recorded by Dimitrie Cunțanu and in the melodies that we find in the oral tradition, modal constructions represent melodic molds for defining the central Transylvanian musical style. The correct framing of a melodic line is achieved by means of the scale, the cadential system and the melodic formulae. The ecclesiastical musical style according to Cunțanu, which was derived s from the Byzantine musical tradition, has become an individual style among ecclesiastical musical styles by uniquely assimilating various musical elements from folklore, music of the related cults, cultic music, and entertainment music. The resulting modal patterns have created a church style specific to the intra-Carpathian area, which has ossified into an autochthonous musical tradition. Indexing the modal constructions gives us an overview of the internal structures that underlie and individualize each mode. Keywords: melodic formulas, Dimitrie Cunțanu, default typology"

Domenico Gilardi’s Sketch of a Park Pavilion: Aspects of Attribution

This article is devoted to the problem of the attribution of architectural graphics, the identification and analysis of the individual graphic style of Domenico (Dementi Ivanovich) Gilardi, a master of Swiss origin, the chief architect of post-fire Moscow. In spite of the formal, stylistic and iconographic knowledge of the Moscow Empire style, the issue of attribution of architectural graphics to the period remains open. The work of Gilardi is no exception in this respect.The objective of this research is to use stylistic and iconographic analysis of his most outstanding works to form an idea of the nature of his graphic style and its peculiarities. The relevance of the topic is dictated by the need to distinguish the graphic works of Gilardi himself from the sheets created by his pupil — the architect A. Grigoriev (and in the longer term — to identify the “hand” of A. Grigoriev).The method of formal and stylistic analysis and iconographic comparison was chosen. Artistic sources are the most striking architectural and graphic works by Gilardi, which have not yet been studied in detail: several signed drawings, as well as a draft design of a park pavilion from the collection of the Shchusev State Museum of Architecture (the latter was introduced into academic circles by the author and is central in terms of representation). The style of the unrealised design of the park pavilion reflects the historical perspective of birth, development and decline of the Moscow Empire style in one of its variants. The style distinctly refers to the antique, Renaissance and classic monuments.The following complex of problems is being solved within the framework of the research: the genesis of the post-fire Moscow style is presented, the specific features of the architectural graphics of the first quarter of the 19th century are evaluated; the sketch of the park pavilion and the series of several drawings (so called master’s exemplary graphics) are described and analyzed as the basis for the attribution; the work of Gilardi is examined in the context of the global neoclassicism style development.The conducted study, in which the relationship between architectural and graphic style plays a key role, allows us to form an idea of Gilardi’s individual style and approach a more complex issue of attribution, chronology and style in his constructions. The unity of harmony, beauty and technicality of Gilardi’s works is expressed in the juxtaposition of his manner with the ideal of timeless classicism.

Ballet without Borders by Vyacheslav Samodurov: the Formation of the Dancer’s Style on the European Stage

Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Samodurov is the embodiment of Russian modern ballet. The period when he worked with the companies of the Dutch National Ballet and the Royal British Ballet was a key one not only for Samodurov as a dancer, but also had a significant influence on his future activities as a director and choreographer. Samodurov’s productions have original and recognizable stylistic features and are of interest to audiences and critics, and are studied by theater and art historians. Samodurov’s productions have original and recognizable stylistic features and are of interest to audiences and critics, and are studied by theater and art historians. At the same time, the path of Samodurov-dancer has not received a comprehensive comprehension from the perspective of the evolution of his style and image. This fact determines the relevance of the topic of the article. The purpose of the research is to identify the role and influence of the foreign period of the master on the formation of his individual style as a choreographer. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time a study of a scientific nature raises the question of combining the art of Samodurov’s national ballet school and the experience he gained in the European ballet. On the basis of analysis of the available facts of Samodurov’s biography, memoirs of his colleagues from the European companies, and information obtained in conversations with the choreographer, generalizations were made which testify to preservation of V.V. Samodurov’s creative experience. A generalization has been made to show that the artistic experience of Samodurov, gained during his period of collaboration with foreign companies, has been preserved in his contemporary work as Artistic Director and Director of the Ekaterinburg State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre (also known as the “Ural Opera Ballet”).

Intonation as a means of conveying an utterance in Komi prose

Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to study intonation features and means of conveying speech acts in Komi works of art. The voice as a source of information was not in the focus of the attention of Komi linguists, the issues of Komi intonation and the means of their reflection have not been studied. In this regard, the address to the general characteristics of how Komi prose writers reflect the intonation features of their characters’ speech is considered relevant in the Komi language and allows us to speak about a new method of studying the perception of phrasal intonation. Materials and Methods. The material for the study based on the examples from the works of modern fiction of Komi classics. The methodological basis of the study was a set of such linguistic methods as descriptive, perceptual analysis of phrasal intonation, linguistic analysis of the text, elements of structural and semantic analysis. Results and Discussion. The study of intonation allowed us to state a number of prosodic signs. The described speech of the characters of literary works was studied according to various parameters of acoustics: duration, intensity, pitch, timbre, tempo, rhythm; by means of non-speech sounds, through an indication of the features of articulation, diction; by similarity with the phenomena of the sounding world. It was found that the author’s remarks of works of art describe the speech volume of the characters in particular detail, the intensity of the sounding speech. Conclusions. The research material has shown that the language functions of intonation can be fully and consistently reflected not only in live sounding speech, but also in writing in the form of the speech of the literary hero of prose works. The functions and expressive possibilities of intonation are contained in the author’s designations of prosodic characteristics of speech. An important role is played by the individual style of the author, which is distinguished by sensitivity to the sound side of the speech of thier characters.

Do auditors change their individual style? Examining the effects of client importance and competition on auditors' influence on earnings comparability in China

Individual auditor style implies that two client firms audited by the same individual auditors are likely to have more comparable earnings than two client firms audited by different individual auditors within the same audit firm. We investigate whether auditors in China change their individual style to cater to demands of clients that are of high importance and are located in a competitive audit market. Using a propensity score match approach, we find evidence of higher earnings comparability between a pair of client firms audited by the same individual auditors. However, in subsamples of client firm pairs that are of high importance or are located in a competitive audit market, we find earnings comparability of client firms audited by the same individual auditors diminishes. Our findings suggest that due to the influence of economic bonding in auditor–client relations in China, individual auditors change their style to cater to client demands.

Examination of the Relationship Between Fear of Growing up and Identity Styles in Emerging Adulthood

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between the fear of growth and identity styles of individuals in emerging adulthood. The study group of the research is between the ages of 18-30, 219 women, 194 men, including 413 people. “Demographic Information Form”, “Fear of Growth Scale” and “Identity Styles Scale – 5” were used in the research. Data were analysed by stepwise regression analysis. Results of study showed that diffuse avoidance-oriented identity style are significantly higher in males and in non-working individuals. Fear of growing up was a significant predictor for identity styles. Results showed that the fear of growing up explains the avoidant identity style the most. Suggestions were made in line with the findings of the study.

Learning Strategies in English for Academic Purposes Programs:

Learning strategies cannot be separated from language learning programs. This study aimed to reveal language learning strategies (LLSs) used by Indonesian students enrolled in an international management and accounting program (ICMAP) class. It is a case study of ICMAP 23 learners and five EAP lecturers with extensive EAP backgrounds. Data were gathered through questionnaires and interviews. The findings showed that the participants had various LLSs, and several strategies varied according to individual learning styles and learning needs. All the ICMAP students in this study, except for student six, had more than one strategy, but every learner in the sample chose strategies that could be different from other students. They tend to use direct and indirect strategies in their learning, with compensation strategies being the most commonly used. In addition, they employed cognitive, metacognitive, social, and memory strategies, respectively. The significance of employing diverse learning strategies was strongly emphasized by lecturers who were interviewed and recommended many strategies to address language learning challenges. The findings inspire researchers in the SLA field, particularly regarding second language learners’ strategies.

Domestic – Foreign – Intercultural: Pragmatics of Translation (On the Material of the Texts Devoted to S. Diaghilev’s Artworks)

The article deals with the linguistic representation of the linguoculturological triad "domestic – foreign – intercultural" as part of the theory of reflective and translation turns developed by D. Bachmann-Medick. Globalization has transformed the principle of binary categorization and mapped out the possibility of their synthesis and formation of a third space of communication. The purpose of the study is to analyze and describe translation strategies and techniques used for the transfer of intercultural meanings that create a third space in the perception of the global recipientt, where neither basic, nor adaptive culture markers are preserved. The empirical basis of the study is represented with the original and translated texts of international artistic festivals, memoirs of Russian and foreign artists, as well as the verbal content of news online platforms dedicated to the 150 th birth anniversary of S.P. Diaghilev. As a result of the analysis, three key strategies for the translation of linguistic-and-cultural units have been identified: domestication, foreignization and intercultural mediation. They are interchangeably used in the process of translating the Russian texts under consideration. However, owing to the communicative task of original texts – to convey the specifics of Russian culture and include national art in the world cultural fund, the strategy of intercultural mediation is the most frequently used one. This strategy is implemented through the use of Gallicisms in translated English and German texts, international vocabulary, and elimination of national and cultural specifics. It has been shown that a translator's individual style is imposed on the systemic and cultural specifics of natural languages.

Синестетические метафоры в романе Д. Харрис «Мальчик с голубыми глазами»

The paper analyses the phenomenon of a synaesthetic metaphor in fiction as a new metaphorical meaning resulting from processing the data received through different channels of perception. The aim of the study is to determine the mechanisms of how words denoting certain things become individual synaesthetic metaphors in fiction. The novelty of the research is that synaesthetic metaphors are viewed not as a combination of words describing the experiences obtained through one channel by those of another but as words developing new metaphorical meaning through synaesthetic mechanisms. The study demonstrates that this metaphoric evaluation through synaesthesia is specific for the main character: it conveys his negative attitude to the things and people described. The results showed that the metaphorical meanings of the words expressing the character’s emotions were developed through synaesthetic mechanisms such as hearing (primary perception channel) resulting in colour, smell, taste, touch. Nouns denoting objects, places, people and their personal qualities, colours acquire individual metaphorical meanings as a result of intersensory perception. Studying the embodiment of synaesthetic perception in fiction enables the scholars to examine the author’s individual style and conceptual system, the work of cognizing mind and its results reflected in the language in a striking and creative way.

PECULIARITIES OF THE REPRODUCTION OF IDIOMS IN MULTIPLE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATIONS

The purpose of scientific research is to investigate the appropriateness of using translation transformations for the adequate reproduction of idioms in multiple Ukrainian translations of the same literary work in order to compare and identify isomorphic and allomorphic features in the compared Ukrainian translations by M. Rudnytsky, D. Radienko and O. Andriyash. Since idioms present certain difficulties in reproducing their structure, semantics and functioning in a literary discourse, a number of Ukrainian translators used adequate translation techniques differently in order to preserve the original style of the novel under analysis. Despite numerous differences in Ukrainian translations, each of the translators tried to convey the peculiarities of the use of idioms for giving a Ukrainian reader a vivid description of literary characters, their actions, feelings, depicting events and phenomena by means of selecting accurate idiomatic expressions. The methodological basis of the study were methods of analysis and comparison which allowed us to select and find similarities and differences in depicting the author’s individual style, to compare systems of social stereotypes of that era and its reproduction in multiple Ukrainian translations. The novel ‘Wuthering Heights’ by the British writer Emily Brontë was chosen for analysis not by chance, because its translation was done by translators at different times from the moment of writing the original, so one of the research methods was to compare the selected translation strategies, techniques and methods used for revealing the meanings of idioms to a Ukrainian reader. The analysis show that Ukrainian translators in the process of translating idioms often resorted to the following basic translation strategies: paraphrasing, choosing the adequate Ukrainian analogues with similar meanings and forms, literal translation, the complete omission of idioms in the translation or revealing the idiomatic meanings in other ways. The analysis of the idioms selected from Emily Bronte's novel ‘Wuthering Heights’ showed that choosing an adequate translation strategy required the considerable knowledge of idioms, their structural and semantic peculiarities, linguistic erudition and translation skills. The study of idioms with a color component can serve as a prospect for further research.