Individual Reminiscence Therapy Research Articles

The effect of reminiscence therapy on cognitive level, quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.

Evidence suggests that reminiscence therapy can effectively reduce cognitive and psychological symptoms. This study was conducted to examine the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on cognitive level, quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults with type 2 diabetes. This study is an experimental type, randomised controlled study designed in pre-test - post-test design. The sample size of the study consisted of 58 older adults with type 2 diabetes, consisting of 29 intervention and 29 control subjects. The older adults in the intervention group were individually subjected to 5 weeks of reminiscence therapy in two sessions (each session 40-45 min) per week. No intervention was applied to the control group. Personal Information Form, Standardised Mini Mental Test, SF-36 Quality of Life and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect the data. While there was no significant difference between the pre-test Mini Mental Test, Beck Depression Inventory total score and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group and the mean scores of those in the control group (P > 0.05), the difference between the Mini Mental Test, Beck Depression Inventory total score and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention and control groups in the post-test was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The post-test Mini Mental Test total score, SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group were higher than the older adults in the control group. It was determined that the post-test Beck Depression Inventory total mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group were lower than the older adults in the control group. Reminiscence therapy can positively affect cognitive levels, quality of life and depression symptoms of older adults living in the community. Individual reminiscence therapy can be used as a nursing intervention in primary healthcare.

Effect of Individual Reminiscence Therapy on Self Esteem among Institutionalized Senior Citizens in a Selected Old Age Home at Kanyakumari District

In India, Population above 60 yrs is increasing steadily and touched 13.8 crore in 2021.In Tamil Nadu 13.6 % were elders. Aging is a natural Process in life, Universal experience, time related deterioration of the physiological functions brings difficult milestones and may bring observed decline in self esteem, which are the most famous indicators of sound mind among senior citizens. Self esteem is the positivity of a person’s global evaluation of the self. Low self-esteem is an etiological factor in much psychiatric illness as well as in suicidal individuals.

Effects of reminiscence therapy on cognition, agitation, and quality of life in older adults with dementia receiving long-term care.

Dementia is one of the most common neuropsychiatric conditions in older adults. Despite many older adults with dementia receiving long-term care (LTC), few studies have been conducted in Turkey on reminiscence therapy (RT) influencing neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in people with dementia receiving LTC. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RT on cognition, agitation, and quality of life in older adults with dementia receiving LTC in Turkey. The study population consisted of 100 older adults living in a LTC centre in a province. The size of the research group was calculated using the power analysis method, and 54 older adults were included in the study, 27 each in the RT and control (C) groups. Data collection forms Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), and the Alzheimer's Disease Quality-of-Life Scale (AD-QOL) were applied to the RT and C groups before RT (T0 ), 1 week after RT (T1 ), 1 month after RT (T2 ), and 3 months after RT (T3 ) to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Mean, standard deviation, ratio, percentile, Fisher's exact test, Pearson Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Friedman test were used in analyzing the data. Older adults in the RT and C groups were similar regarding sociodemographic characteristics, institutional care, and life models (P > 0.05). When comparing the T3 values of MMSE, CMAI, and AD-QOL total scores with the T0 values, a significant difference was observed between the groups, favouring the RT group (P < 0.001). Individual RT may benefit cognition, agitation, and quality of life of older adults with dementia residing in a LTC centre.

Ensayo aleatorio de terapia de reminiscencia individual para adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo: un análisis de respuesta de tres meses

Non-pharmacological intervention options, including individual reminiscence therapy (iRT), have been effective in improving cognitive functioning, mood, and quality of life (QoL) in persons with neurocognitive disorders (NCD). A 13-week randomized trial intervention utilizing iRT was conducted on older adults with NCD. We explored predictors of participants with positive and non-positive intervention responses using responder analysis, an analytic strategy that focuses on contributors to intervention response. Re-analysis of a published single-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial on 251 older adult residents with NCD from residential facilities across Portugal. Participants received 13 weeks of biweekly iRT (26 sessions) or treatment/programming as usual. Outcomes included global cognition (Minimental State Examination), memory (MAT), executive functioning (FAB), depressive symptoms (GDS-15), and QoL (QoL-AD). There were more responders in the intervention than the control group on all five criteria, with significant differences for cognition (p = 0.001; f = 0.202; NNT = 5) and memory (p = 0.004; f = 0.184; NNT = 6). At baseline, intervention responders vs non-responders had: higher QoL-AD scores (30.23 vs 25.57; p < 0.001; d = -0.774) for cognition; lower FAB scores (1.41 vs -2.12; p < 0.001; d = 0.928) for executive functioning; higher GDS-15 scores for the depressive symptoms (7.57 vs 4.91; p < 0.001; d = -0.845), and for QoL (6.81 vs 5.33; p = 0.013; d = -0.443). The iRT intervention showed high response rates for cognition and memory. Those with worse executive dysfunction, mood, and QoL, benefitted most from the intervention for those respective outcomes. Therefore, the presented iRT has beneficial effects for people with NCD, with mood and QoL as important influential factors.

Pengaruh Terapi Reminiscene Individu Terhadap Skor Depresi Lansia

Background: The number of elderly people in the world is increasing over time. The elderly have experienced many changes both physically and mentally. Various psychosocial health problems that often occur in the elderly are depression. One of the psychotherapy that can be used to treat depression is reminiscence therapy. Reminiscence therapy is a therapy to reminisce about the pleasant past in childhood, adolescence, adulthood, family and self-integrity evaluation. Objective: To analyze the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on depression scores in the elderly. Methods: This research is a pre-experimental research with one group pre-test post-test design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Number of respondents 10. Reminiscence therapy was carried out in 5 sessions, each 60 minute session. The level of depression was measured using the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale). Normality test results p value &gt; 0.05 which shows the data is normally distributed. Bivariate analysis using Paired Sample T Test. Results: There is a difference in pre-test and post-test depression scores with a p value of 0.00 &lt;0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of individual reminiscence therapy on depression scores in the elderly with a mean change of 3.70, so reminiscence therapy can be recommended as a psychotherapy in reducing depression scores in the elderly in the community. Keywords : elderly depression score, individual reminiscence therapy

Effectiveness of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Individual Reminiscence Therapy on Cognition, Mood and Quality of Life in Azorean Older Adults with Neurocognitive Disorders.

Reminiscence therapy (RT) is a form of cognitive stimulation therapy that incorporates discussion of past activities, events, and experiences to stimulate individual memories; it has had some success in treating persons with neurocognitive disorders. This research aims to evaluate the ability of individual RT, using a simple reminiscence format, to improve the overall cognitive function, memory, executive functions, emotional status, and quality of life in older adults with neurocognitive disorders who received social care and support services. A multicenter randomized controlled trial was completed in the Azores archipelago (an independent region of Portugal) using repeated measures (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up). The intervention group underwent individual RT sessions, twice weekly for 13 weeks, while the control group completed regular activities administered as part of their program. Results did not reveal any significant differences between the intervention and control groups. While results did not reveal significant effects, a number of historical and contextual factors are considered as possible explanations for the lack of effects—namely, data collection occurring during the COVID-19 global pandemic, participant cohort effects, and therapist heterogeneity.

The effect of individual reminiscence therapy on adaptation difficulties of the elderly: a randomized clinical trial.

Reminiscence therapy is one of various interventions that can be made to protect and improve the mental health of the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of individual reminiscence therapy given during home visits on adaptation difficulties. This was a randomized controlled, single-blind study designed with a pretest-post-test and follow-up pattern. We divided the participants, 65 elderly people living in Isparta, Turkey, by simple randomization into intervention (31) and control (34) groups. Individual reminiscence therapy was applied to the intervention group participants for eight weeks during house visits once a week. The weekly topics of the reminiscence therapy included childhood, business life, married life, old items, holidays, traditional dishes, and songs and movies, and were all culture-specific. No intervention was applied to the control group. Study data were collected by using a Sociodemographic Data Form created by the researchers, the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE), and the Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER). Pretest, post-test, and follow-up data were collected at the individuals' homes in face-to-face interviews. After the eight-week course of reminiscence therapy, there was a significant decrease in the ASADE mean score for the intervention group (P=0.003) and a significant increase for the control group (P < 0.001). Significant increases were also found in the mean NOSGER scores for the intervention (P=0.039) and control (P < 0.001) groups; however, the score increase was higher for the control than for the intervention group. Also, there was a significant difference in the ASADE (P < 0,001) and NOSGER (P=0.01) mean scores of the intervention and control groups. This study found that individual reminiscence therapy decreased adaptation difficulties in the elderly.

Multicenter randomized controlled trial of the effects of individual reminiscence therapy on cognition, depression and quality of life: Analysis of a sample of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a 13-week individual reminiscence therapy (RT) intervention on cognition, memory, executive function, mood, and quality of life of people with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Method: Non-protocolized analysis using data from a larger multicenter, single-blind, randomized, parallel two-arm RCT of RT for people with neurocognitive disorders. A sample of 148 people with probable Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia attending 23 Portuguese institutions providing care and support services for older adults were selected. Intervention group (n = 74) received 26 individual RT sessions, twice a week for 13 weeks. Control group (n = 74) maintained their treatment as usual. Outcomes were global cognitive function (MMSE), memory (MAT), executive function (FAB), mood (GDS-15), and self-reported quality of life (QoL-AD). All participants were assessed at baseline (T0) and 15 weeks later (T1). Results: The results showed a significant effect of the intervention on global cognition (Group X Time interaction F(1, 128) = 10.542, p = .001, ηp 2 = .076), memory (F(1,128) = 9.881, p = .002, ηp 2 = .072), and quality of life (F(1,128) = 0.181, p = .671, ηp 2 = .001), with medium effect sizes. A small effect on executive function (F(1,127) = 11.118, p = .001, ηp 2 = .080) was also found. No effects were found on depressive symptoms (F(1,128) = 0.181, p = .671, ηp 2 = .001). Conclusion: Individual RT may have beneficial effects on cognition and quality of life of people with Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia.

Multicentre randomised controlled trial about the effect of individual reminiscence therapy in older adults with neurocognitive disorders.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a 13-week individual reminiscence therapy (RT) intervention to improve the overall cognitive function, memory, executive function, mood and quality of life (QoL) of people with neurocognitive disorders. A single-blind, multicentre, randomised parallel two-arm controlled trial recruited 251 people with neurocognitive disorders attending 24 institutions providing care and support services for older adults in Portugal. The primary outcome measure was cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]). Secondary outcomes were memory (Memory Alteration Test [MAT]), executive function (Frontal Assessment Battery [FAB]), mood (Geriatric Depression Scale-15 [GDS-15]) and self-reported QoL-Alzheimer's disease AD). Participants in the intervention group (n = 131) received 26 individual RT sessions, twice a week, over the course of 13 weeks. Participants in the control group (n = 120) maintained their treatment as usual. Intention-to-treat analysis showed that, at endpoint assessment, the intervention group had significantly improved in relation to the control group in MMSE (mean difference 1.84, 95% CI [0.80, 2.89], p = .001, d = .44), MAT (mean difference 2.82, 95% CI [0.72, 4.91], p = .009, d = .34) and QoL-AD (mean difference 1.78, 95% CI [0.17, 3.39], p = .031, d = .28). Non-significant improvements were found on FAB (mean difference 0.74, 95% CI [-0.04, 1.52], p = .062, d = .24) and GDS-15 (mean difference -0.63, 95% CI [-1.45, 0.19], p = .130, d = .19). For people with neurocognitive disorders attending social care and support services, the individual RT designed for this trial should be considered an intervention with the potential to improve cognition, memory and QoL.

Individual intervention protocol based on reminiscence therapy for older people with neurocognitive disorders

Background: The literature suggests that reminiscence therapy (RT) is one of the non-pharmacological treatments with better evidence for older people with neurocognitive disorders (NCD). RT stimulates neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve, and it may have a protective effect on the person with NCD.Objective: To describe in detail the structure and contents of an individual RT intervention protocol applied to older people with NCD.Methodology: Identification of the phases prior to the design of the intervention protocol.Results: Individual RT intervention protocol, in a mixed format, consisting of 26 sessions, twice a week, of approximately 50 minutes each, conducted by trained therapists.Conclusion: The detailed individual RT program can be adequately implemented and replicated, and it may delay the progression of NCD.

Effect of reminiscence therapy on the sleep quality of the elderly living in nursing homes: A randomized clinical trial

IntroductionPoor sleep quality is a common problem among the older people living in nursing homes. Our study aimed at assessing the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on the sleep quality of elderly Turkish people living in nursing homes. MethodsThis was a randomised controlled trial with 22 people in the intervention group and 24 people in the control group. The intervention group received reminiscence therapy once a week for 12 weeks in the form of individual sessions lasting 25–30 min. The control group had no intervention. ResultsStudy data was collected by using an introductory information form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). While there was no statistically significant difference between the pretest PSQI median scores (p > 0.05) of both groups, PSQI median score had a statistically significant decrease after 12 weeks of reminiscence therapy (p < 0.05). ConclusionReminiscence therapy appeared to increase the sleep quality of the elderly living in nursing homes.

SolCos model-based individual reminiscence for older adults with mild to moderate dementia in nursing homes: a randomized controlled intervention study.

Aim To investigate the effect of a standardized individualized intervention based on the SolCos transformational reminiscence model on depressive symptoms (primary outcome), cognition and behaviour (secondary outcomes) for older people with mild to moderate dementia, performed by trained nursing home volunteers as facilitators. Background Because of limited pharmacological treatment options for older adults with dementia relevant physical, sensory, psychological or social interventionsoffer alternative opportunities. Method Randomized controlled trial (ISRCTN74355073) was set up in two nursing homes with 29 and 31 residents in the intervention and the control groups respectively. Eighteen nursing home volunteers were trained to perform the reminiscence therapy. Various assessment scales were measured pre- and post-sessions. Results Linear regression analysis showed an impact on depressive symptoms. However, no impact was identified on cognition and behaviour. Facilitators experienced the sessions as useful and pleasant, and study participants were, in general, attentive, open and collaborative. Discussion Study results showed that organizing standardized individual reminiscence therapy with nursing home volunteers was feasible and study participants' attention and participation were overall good. Further study initiatives to explore the potential of individual reminiscence therapy within a person-centred framework are recommended in order to improve care in nursing homes.

Individual Reminiscence Therapy can Decrease Depression Level on Elderly at Social Homes

Introduction: Aging is a natural process in oldest old. The psychosocial development of the elderly to enhance self-integration. Reminiscence therapy is one of psychosocial treatment for elderly using memory recall of one’s life event in the past. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on depression among elderly in the social homes. Method: The study design was used Quasy-Eksperiment Pre-Post Test with Control Group. A total of 60 elderly people were recruited in this study and assigned into two groups, 31 participants in the intervention group and 29 participants in the control group. Independent variable was reminiscence therapy five sessions, which given to the intervention group. While, dependent variable was the level of depression on elderly. Data were collected by using GDS, then analyzed by using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney statistical test with level of significance α≤0.05. Result: After providing individual reminiscence therapy, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in depression as compared to those in the control group was found (p=0.008). Discussion: The individual reminiscence therapy is useful to overcome depression among elderly. The nurse can know the personality of each elderly so as to improve the quality of nursing care for elderlyKeywords: individual reminiscence therapy, depression, elderly

Individual Reminiscence Therapy can Decrease Depression Level on Elderly at Social Homes

Introduction: Aging is a natural process in oldest old. The psychosocial development of the elderly to enhance self-integration. Reminiscence therapy is one of psychosocial treatment for elderly using memory recall of one’s life event in the past. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on depression among elderly in the social homes.Method: The study design was used Quasy-Eksperiment Pre-Post Test with Control Group. A total of 60 elderly people were recruited in this study and assigned into two groups, 31 participants in the intervention group and 29 participants in the control group. Independent variable was reminiscence therapy five sessions, which given to the intervention group. While, dependent variable was the level of depression on elderly. Data were collected by using GDS, then analyzed by using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney statistical test with level of significance α≤0.05.Result: After providing individual reminiscence therapy, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in depression as compared to those in the control group was found (p=0.008).Discussion: The individual reminiscence therapy is useful to overcome depression among elderly. The nurse can know the personality of each elderly so as to improve the quality of nursing care for elderly.

The effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy for loneliness, anxiety and depression in older adults in long-term care: A systematic review

Loneliness, anxiety and depression are common problems for older adults in long-term care. Reminiscence therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention that may be of some benefit. In comparison to individual reminiscence therapy, group reminiscence therapy is a preferred option when dealing with the resource constraints of long-term care. The aim of this paper was to systematically review the literature in order to explore the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy for older adults with loneliness, anxiety and depression in long-term care. Results indicated that group reminiscence therapy is an effective treatment for depression in older adults, however to date, there is limited research support for its effectiveness to treat loneliness and anxiety. Further research and an improvement in methodological quality, such as using qualitative and mixed methods approaches, is recommended to help establish an evidence base and provide better understanding of the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy.

The Effect of Individual Reminiscence Therapy on Self-Esteem and Depression Among Institutionalized Elderly in India.

Nurses often elicit patients' stories as a means to an end-for example, getting to know patients better and providing better care or treatments. However, the act of listening in itself can be therapeutic. Through the use of reminiscence therapy (RT), eliciting stories from elderly residents of a nursing home in India improved their sense of well-being. This article describes a study of the use of RT and presents one resident's story.

The impact of individual reminiscence therapy for people with dementia: systematic review

This systematic review aims to review the potential psychosocial benefits of individual reminiscence therapy for people with dementia. Five randomized controlled trials were identified. All were carried out in nursing or care homes, and several different approaches were represented. The studies reported some immediate and longer-term psychosocial benefits to people with dementia of individual reminiscence work, where this involved a life review process or personalized, specific reminiscence work. These benefits included mood, well-being and aspects of cognitive function. There was no evidence that the use of general reminiscence materials was associated with psychosocial benefits. The use of life story books and multimedia alternatives, with or without an associated life review process, does appear to be worth pursuing from both clinical and research perspectives.

地域在住高齢者に対する個人回想法の自尊感情への効果の検討

This study examined the effects of individual reminiscence therapy in Japanese community-dwelling older adults without dementia. Participants (twenty three men and fifty seven women, mean age = 82.6 yrs) were recruited from a community day-care center. They were randomly assigned to a reminiscence therapy group or a control group. Participants in the reminiscence group completed five or six weekly sessions (30-60 minutes) of individual reminiscence therapy. Participant's depression, life satisfaction, and self-esteem were assessed before and after the sessions. The results showed that the reminiscence group had a significant improvement in self-esteem. Thus individual reminiscence therapy can be a tool to maintain or improve self-esteem for Japanese older adults without dementia.

Meet the real elders: reminiscence links past and present

This study was designed to develop an understanding of the process of reminiscence and the roles played by nurses in fostering reminiscence as a therapeutic intervention. Reminiscence therapy has been considered an effective nursing strategy for improving quality of life and preventing depression in nursing home settings. Until recently, however, there has been little attention to understanding the dynamics of reminiscence therapy and the interaction between a nurse and an older client during reminiscence. A qualitative research design employing participant observation and content analysis of recorded reminiscence therapy sessions was used in this study. Participant observation was used to explore the process of individual reminiscence therapy and identify nursing roles in the process generated. Ten nursing home residents participated and data were collected over two months through interviews and observation. Content analysis was used to identify emerging themes. Reminiscence occurred in four stages: entrée, immersion, withdrawal and closure. Stimuli related to participants' past lives were helpful for initiating reminiscence. Nursing roles in each stage were identified. A tentative model of the process of reminiscence was derived from study findings. Further study is needed to validate the model in nursing practice with older clients. Reminiscence could be initiated by nursing staff at anytime during care of residents. Information about the reminiscence process and related nursing roles may be helpful in understanding and assisting adaptation in nursing home residents.

Improved cognitive function, mood and brain blood flow in single photon emission computed tomography following individual reminiscence therapy in an elderly patient with Alzheimer's disease

An 88‐year‐old man who was suffering from chronic renal failure and hypertension visited our memory clinic because of recent cognitive decline and a gradual decrease in his vitality and volition. His Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 22, his 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15) score was 10, and his Vitality Index (VI; full score, 10) was 6. We diagnosed Alzheimer's disease with depressive mood, and this was supported by findings of global brain atrophy by magnetic resonance imaging and decrease in brain blood flow in the posterior cingulated gyrus and frontal association area by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). After completion of a life review of the patient, individual reminiscence therapy was performed once a week for 2 months. After the therapy, a comprehensive geriatric assessment showed that cognitive function, depressive mood and decreased vitality had all markedly improved (MMSE, 29; GDS, 7; VI, 9). Moreover, SPECT showed improved brain blood flow, especially in the frontal lobe. We believe that this is the first case in which reminiscence therapy alone not only improved cognitive function and mood but also reduced neuroimaging abnormalities.