Individual Mind Research Articles

Mortality salience and helping behavior amidst public crisis: cross-sectional evidence during COVID-19.

As a real mortality salience, a public crisis would have a major impact on individual minds, behaviors, and lifestyles. COVID-19 provides us with a stark real-world example to understand these implications. Previous research has revealed that some individuals become more willing to help the infected at the risk of their own lives, while others become more self-centered and indifferent during COVID-19. To explain this paradoxical phenomenon, our study used two rival mediators in the relationship between mortality salience and helping behavior during COVID-19: death anxiety and death reflection. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Chinese college students (N = 684) during the pandemic. We used a parallel mediation model to explore the mediating roles of death anxiety and death reflection in the relationship between mortality salience and helping behavior during COVID-19. The results of our study indicate two key findings. First, mortality salience is negatively related to helping behavior during COVID-19 via death anxiety. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of mortality salience experienced increased death anxiety, which in turn led to a decrease in helping behavior. Second, mortality salience is positively related to helping behavior during COVID-19 via death reflection. This indicates that individuals with higher levels of mortality salience engaged in deeper reflection on death, which subsequently resulted in an increase in helping behavior. Our study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between mortality salience and helping behaviors in the time of public crisis, and can help lead to more positive attitudes toward public crisis events such as COVID-19.

The Western psychologization of global development: A cultural and decolonial approach

Euro-American psychology’s strong focus on the individual mind and behavior has become a fundamental part of global development agendas. Concepts like self-regulation, self-actualization, self-efficacy, and behavior change decorate the development discourse. Scholars term this phenomenon the “psychologization of development.” The main driver of this focus is likely rooted in the hegemonic belief that Western psychological theories are universally applicable. Yet, the discipline’s embeddedness in Euro-American imperialism, globalization, and neoliberalism makes its theories particularly un-universal and unfit in many contexts. Nevertheless, people in non-Western societies are increasingly subjected to development interventions targeting their individual behavior. Using examples from research in sub-Saharan Africa of how articulations of harmful witchcraft may increase because of development interventions that promote individualized ways of being and thinking, this article prompts a cultural and decolonial perspective to reimagine other ways of doing development.

Сто лет развития культурно-исторической психологии: вехи и направления

<p>The article gives a brief overview of the emergence and development of the cultural-historical theory of higher psychological functions over the century after it was created. Lev Vygotsky began the development of his theory with the study of the instrumental function of “cultural signs” (primarily words) and therefore he gave it the name “instrumental psychology”. The formation of human personality was understood by Vygotsky as the “ingrowing” of social relations into the individual mind and the conscious “mastery of the self”, its psychological functions and affects, by means of signs and basing on concepts. The authors of the article point out the main milestones in the development of cultural-historical psychology, briefly characterise its key concepts, methods and the most important tendencies of its development, up to its most recent trends in Russia, which have already emerged in the 20th century.</p>

Mamah Dede's Communication style in conveying da'wah message in the mama and AA action program in indosiar

ABSTRACTThis research examines the communication style employed by Mamah Dedeh, a preacher, in delivering sermons utilizing the Tubbs and Moss communication style theory approach. Preachers should be mindful of their communication style when delivering da'wah messages. Utilizing different communication methods has the potential to enhance the significance within an individual's subconscious mind. The chosen communication channel must possess the capacity to preserve the message while also being easily retained by the general population. This study employs a qualitative methodology to analyze Mamah Dedeh's communication style using certain methodologies. The data acquisition technique was conducted by duplicating lectures from YouTube. The collected results indicate that the communication style employed consists of The Controlling Style and The Structuring Style.

Literasi Keuangan dan Pilihan Investasi Masyarakat Aceh

This study examines the relationship between financial knowledge and attitudes towards finance with individual financial behavior within the framework of the Lacanian perspective. The research defines financial knowledge as the symbolic dimension of an individual's mind encompassing concepts of finance, investment, and debt management. Attitudes towards finance are described as the imaginative aspect of an individual's personality involving views, preferences, and emotions related to money and financial management. Utilizing a statistical analysis approach, the study uncovers a significant correlation between financial knowledge, attitudes towards finance, and financial behavior. However, the research outcomes must be interpreted cautiously due to potential confirmation bias and heuristic effects in data interpretation. Managerial implications of this study involve the development of financial education programs aimed at shaping prudent and responsible financial behavior.

TikTok and Islamic State of Iraq and Syiria (ISIS) Propaganda

ISIS emphasizes the importance of winning the hearts and minds of individuals in their operational strategy. Their objective is to draw sympathizers, propagate their objectives and ideology, and allocate substantial resources. They have utilized TikTok as a platform to garner attention and disseminate propaganda, with the aim of promoting their organization and recruiting new terrorists.This study employed qualitative research methods, with data gathered through interviews and documentation. The findings indicate that ISIS’s propaganda on TikTok poses a significant threat to Indonesia’s national security. It has the potential to sway the younger generation towards supporting extremist and terrorist ideologies. ISIS employs a variety of techniques to propagate their message. These include the use of the keyword “dawlah”, displaying the ISIS flag with stickers, using nasheed or song lyrics, creating sarcastic memes, and advocating for jihad, death, and suicide. They also leverage TikTok’s features, such as filters and hearts, to promote their organization. ISIS produces video content that glorifies its militants, accompanied by ISIS songs that are rhythmic, lyrical, and delivered in a catchy manner. They also display videos showing corpses being paraded on the streets, ISIS militants armed with weapons, and videos themed “Jihad Lover” targeting young women. The aim of these contents is to incite hatred, division, and social mistrust towards the state, government, and legitimate leaders. This is an academic English paraphrase of the original text.

Unveiling affective disablism at work: a structural approach to microaggressions

Ableist microaggressions are ubiquitous experiences for workers with an impairment, chronic illness or neurodivergence in the daily execution of their job. These (un)intended everyday (non)verbal negative messages based on disability status affectively disable people, momentarily and with lasting effects on mental health and positive identity. Past research provided either psychological accounts, locating the origins of microaggression in the minds of individuals, failing to highlight the role of an ableist society, or sociological accounts, stressing exclusionary structures and marginalising discourses, neglecting to fully account for the inner experience. This paper puts forward an alternative, combined account by empirically zooming in on three vignettes in work contexts. It contributes to expanding knowledge on subtle forms of ableism, showing the entanglement between material arrangements, negative co-worker affect, and their internalisation by the disabled worker. By locating the microaggression concept firmly in the structural oppression of ableist societies, we hope to inspire organisational programs aimed at detecting and preventing microaggressions. Finally, we prepare the ground for future research to look into even more subtle forms of disability-based discrimination present in everyday interactions.

The Relevance of Belief Outsourcing to Whether Arguments Can Change Minds

Abstract There is a wealth of evidence which indicates that arguments are not very efficient tools for changing minds. Against this scepticism, Dutilh Novaes (2023) presents evidence that, given the right social context, arguments sometimes play a significant role in belief revision. However, drawing on Levy (2021), I argue that the evidence Dutilh Novaes cites is compatible with the view that it is not arguments that change individual minds but instead belief outsourcing that occurs alongside the consideration of arguments.

Bringing Things into Languaging or Not: The Role of Internal Dialogue

Abstract This essay deals with how to “bring things into languaging” (`enlanguaging´). The theoretical background is a humanistic perspective, Merleau-Ponty´s phenomenology and extended dialogism. It will be argued that the phenomenon of `internal dialogue´, i.e., internal interaction within individual minds, are at play in such processes. This paper will consider different activities such as perception, thinking, speaking, planning for speaking, understanding, reading, interaction, and decision-making. It also pays attention to circumstances when public talk is evaded or inhibited.

Verbal behavior and the future of social science.

Natural language processing (NLP)-previously the domain of a select few language and computer scientists-is undergoing an unprecedented surge in popularity across disciplines. The ubiquity of language data, alongside extremely rapid methodological innovations, has magnetized the field, attracting researchers with the promise of measuring, forecasting, and understanding the most central questions in business, psychology, biology, sociology, the humanities, and beyond. The power of language analysis to reveal insights into human thought, feeling, and behavior has become a core interest emerging from recent technological advances, which are being probed to unearth deeply embedded truths about the human condition. However, NLP research has reached a critical juncture, sitting at the cusp of societal transformation in many aspects of daily life. The details of how NLP research develops over the next 3-5 years will define this transformation. In this emerging, near-infinite space of NLP-driven research, we provide a critical frame of reference for how, when, and why these technologies should evolve in a particularly transdisciplinary manner. Specifically, we discuss (a) the urgency of pairing existing and emerging NLP research with existing scientific knowledge, theory, and principles from the behavioral sciences; (b) the coevolution of NLP technologies; and (c) the practical implications and ethical consequences of expanding language analysis using broader psychosocial theories of the human condition. While our discussion focuses principally on using language as a window in the individual mind, this topic holds substantial implications for other disciplines and lines of inquiry, including the dynamics of social interaction and beyond. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

I, You, and We: Beyond Individualism and Collectivism

ABSTRACT The contemporary debate on collective intentionality in analytic philosophy has lasted several decades, but questions concerning the nature of ‘we’ and the relation between the individual and the community are obviously far older. We can find a particularly rich discussion in early phenomenology. Indeed, while starting out with an interest in the individual mind, phenomenologists began their exploration of dyadic forms of interpersonal relations shortly before the start of World War I and were already deeply engaged in extensive analyses of collective forms of intentionality a few years later. A distinctive feature of the phenomenological contribution was its exploration of the relation between the first- and second-person singular and the first-person plural perspectives. How are I, you, and we intertwined? The aim of this paper is to present some core insights from this early debate.

Decoding Stress with Computer Vision-Based Approach Using Audio Signals for Psychological Event Identification during COVID-19

Interpreting psychological events can be costly and quite complex. It is simple to translate such experiences into a person's spoken and nonverbal cues. The suggested model investigates a computer vision-based method for using an individual's audio signal to identify stressful psychological events. Different people's input speech signals are recorded and compared to the common questionnaire. A series of inquiries pertaining to the second stage of COVID-19 events are included in the questionnaire set. Through additional processing, these speech signals are converted into frequency components by means of the Fast Fourier transformation (FFT) method. A long short-term memory module processes each frequency component and produces temporal information from each frequency band. The features of speech signals are extracted into the temporal frames by this module. The VGG 16 algorithm is used to further classify each temporal frame into stress and un-stress classes. A classifier with 16 layers of architecture is called VGG 16. A feed-forward convolutional neural network called VGG 16 is used to divide the vast array of speech signal features into classes: stressed and unstressed. The proposed model attempts to recognize speech signals as stress indicators. A standard set of questionnaires with a series of interrogation-style questions has been used to develop the stress symptoms in an individual's mind. The audio signals generated by each person's responses are recorded and subsequently analyzed for stress and un-stress classes. The proposed model was able to identify stress in speech signals with 98% accuracy. The time and cost implications of the suggested model are relevant. Medical research is typically costly and time-consuming.LSTM; VGG 16; CNN model; data preprocessing; speech signal.

Scrolls, Likes, and Filters: The New Age Factor Causing Body Image Issues

The increasing rate of body image issues among individuals from ages as young as 13 is extremely worrisome. In a society where the ideal body is ‘thin and fit’, social media sites and platforms are playing an active role in planting the societal standards in the minds of individuals. This study analysis the social media sites popularly used, hours spent on social media, mental effects of consuming information and content relating to body image and using ‘thinspo’ as motivation/inspiration. This study concludes that social media plays a more prominent role in affecting the younger population, especially sites like Instagram. The type of content consumed by each generation is different and thereby as a different effect on them. The study also provides certain suggestions to reduce the impact of social media on a person’s perception of self.

Hayekian psychological economics: a preliminary look

Abstract Recently, there has been a lively discussion of “Hayekian Behavioral Economics” in Behavioral Public Policy). We aim to contribute to this debate by identifying the main building blocks of a Hayekian psychology. We highlight that the starting point for Hayek was the quest to understand why humans are typically quite successful in navigating the world. In Hayek's framework, the individual mind is conceptualized as a “system within a system”, i.e., the mind is a complex adaptive system that is continuously interacting with the wider socio-cultural system. Three core ideas are central to a Hayekian psychology: subjectivity, learning and adaptation. We argue that these ideas are quite different from the still dominant heuristics-and-biases perspective and lead to different emphases in economic and social science explanations. One, economists should be cautious in their interpretation of experimental findings since subjective meaning is central to agents' behavior. Two, static and isolated models of individuals' biases might underestimate people's capacity to learn with and from others. And three, despite complex processes of adaptation of the mind and the market, a Hayekian framework is consistent with economists' “explanations of the principle” and “pattern predictions.”

Joint Attention in Team Sport

This paper explores how the phenomenon of Joint Attention (JA) drives certain core features of team sport and how sport illuminates the nature of JA. In JA, two or more agents focus on the same object in mutual awareness that the content of their experience is thus shared. JA is essential to joint sporting actions. The sporting context is particularly useful for illustrating the phenomenon of JA and provides a valuable lens through which to examine rival theoretical accounts of its workings. This paper draws novel connections between the respective philosophical literatures on JA and sport, suggesting prospects for mutually advantageous cross-pollination. I contend that the workings of JA within joint sporting action are misconstrued on intellectualistic and individualistic theories which posit reductive explanations in terms of the contents of individual minds. The best evidence and strongest philosophical arguments support ‘relational’ accounts whereby joint sporting actions exceed the sum of their parts. I reject the ‘extensionalist’ contention, associated with ‘lean’ versions of the relationalist approach, that objects of JA are individuated in terms of causal properties not sensitive to how they are perceived. Siding instead with ‘rich’ versions of the view, I argue that team collaboration depends on convergence in terms of the ‘aspectual shape’ of the objects of JA. Finally, a further possible application for these ideas is suggested: that JA plays a central role in the constitution of sport-specific kinds. On this proposal, JA facilitates collective perceptual recognition of particular objects and situations as embodying the general types described in the rulebook, playing an important role in creating and sustaining the public ‘social space’ of sporting competition.

The Psychological Effects of the Administration of Psychedelics on the Minds of Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review

The systematic review aims to integrate the findings of the past 3 years of literature on the phenomenological effects of classical psychedelics on healthy individuals. To ensure a strategic method to review the literature was adopted, guidelines given by Sumaya Laher & Tasneem Hassem were opted for (Laher & Hassem, 2020). For the search strategy, the Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research (SPIDER) method was used to construe keywords for searching relevant literature in PubMed, and Google Scholar. Analysis of the final 4 papers was conducted using the thematic synthesis technique (Thomas & Harden, 2008) and a total of 3 main themes were discovered. The first main theme was “Modes of Communication” in which the participants sensed the presence of other entities. This theme is also further divided into three sub-themes called “Intuitive or Telepathic”, “Explicit or Verbal” and “Kinesthetic”. The second major theme is called the “Mystical-type Experiences” in which the participants experienced amazement and were left in complete awe of the world. This theme further divides into two sub-themes “Euphoria” and “Unpleasant Experiences”. The next main theme was “Inter-relational Purposes of Entities”. This theme encompasses the relationship between participants and the psychedelic-induced characters of their imagination divided into four sub-themes in this theme which are named “Friendly and Nurturing”, “Presenting”, “Jestful and Manipulating” and “Formidable and Intimidating.” The study will put the short and long-term effects of these drugs into the consideration of the research community.

SATTRIYA DANCE: AN AESTHETICAL OUTLOOK

Aesthetic is the pursuits of one’s individual mind. The theory or sense of beauty is always in connotation with art appreciation or criticism and is cultivated in the responsive spectators. The aesthetic experience evolve among the sahridaya and varies from person to person depending upon the perception of beauty. Indian Classical Dances are sacred art forms associated with the union of individual soul with the Absolute. They imbibe the spiritual values. Sattriya dance, one of the classical dance form from Assam, created by the great saint Sankaradeva in the 15th -16th century was a product of neo-vaishnavite movement. This form carrying the legacy of living tradition till today is performed in the Sattra precinct as a ritual service to appease the almighty while simultaneously seen performing on stage to appease the audience. This research paper is an attempt to assess the aesthetic qualities of Sattriya dance and to evaluate the aesthetic experience that arise out of the dance form in the minds of the spectators. The paper will be based on secondary sources comprising magazines, books, journals and internet content.

Group Coordination Catalyzes Individual and Cultural Intelligence.

A large program of research has aimed to ground large-scale cultural phenomena in processes taking place within individual minds. For example, investigating whether individual agents equipped with the right social learning strategies can enable cumulative cultural evolution given long enough time horizons. However, this approach often omits the critical group-level processes that mediate between individual agents and multi-generational societies. Here, we argue that interacting groups are a necessary and explanatory level of analysis, linking individual and collective intelligence through two characteristic feedback loops. In the first loop, more sophisticated individual-level social learning mechanisms based on Theory of Mind facilitate group-level complementarity, allowing distributed knowledge to be compositionally recombined in groups; these group-level innovations, in turn, ease the cognitive load on individuals. In the second loop, societal-level processes of cumulative culture provide groups with new cognitive technologies, including shared language and conceptual abstractions, which set in motion new group-level processes to further coordinate, recombine, and innovate. Taken together, these cycles establish group-level interaction as a dual engine of intelligence, catalyzing both individual cognition and cumulative culture.

БАҚ-ТАҒЫ ЖАСАНДЫ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ ТАҚЫРЫБЫНЫҢ КӨРІНІСІ: ТӨРТІНШІ ӨНЕРКӘСІПТІК РЕВОЛЮЦИЯНЫҢ ЖЕТІСТІГІ РЕТІНДЕ

The article comprehensively reflects the problems of artificial intelligence in the media as an achievement of the fourth industrial revolution. We will study the influence of artificial intelligence on the media and the conditions of its interaction from a comparative perspective. Computer tools that mimic a person's individual mind and actions form the basis of artificial intelligence. This area began to develop as a separate scientific direction in the second half of the twentieth century. Its main activities were management, analysis, comparison, synthesis of information in society, proving the correctness of forecasts and assumptions and drawing conclusions. The research article's purpose is to consider, through in-depth scientific analysis, the problems of artificial intelligence in the media as an achievement of Kazakhstan's fourth industrial revolution economic program policy. The authors conducted chronological research by analyzing scientific and theoretical works and publications on artificial intelligence. The main scientific and theoretical values of the study include new ideas and conclusions about artificial intelligence. Definitions and scientific analyses by domestic and foreign scientists determining the role of artificial intelligence in the development of new technologies are described. The authors of the article, who studied expert and analytical articles about artificial intelligence in traditional media, attempt to thoroughly investigate its dangers and benefits for society. The results of the study can be used to promote practical work in the field of media and communication, its adaptation to new technologies and the implementation of effective strategic premises.

Mente, crenças e redes sociais na internet: uma perspectiva peirciana

Abstract: Mind for Peirce is a system of beliefs that acts to achieve a certain purpose. Not only Peirce attributes mind to institutions and social groups, but the development of mind depends on the extension of mind beyond individual human minds. Therefore, social communities or institutions embody social habits, and act as minds with their own purposes, fixing beliefs of two types: beliefs of vital importance, and theoretical ones, which have a bearing towards knowledge and truth. Internet social media can be seen as a complex social mind composed of individuals and their digital media that encompasses gadgets, algorithms, and platforms. If internet social media acts in a way to achieve certain beliefs, of what type are they? Are they beliefs of vital importance or theoretical ones that lead to knowledge and truth? Are these two types of beliefs sufficient to understand the modes of action of internet social media?