Individual Disciplines Research Articles

Professional Human Resources to Create Consumer Satisfaction and The Impact on Purchasing Intention.

Knowledge and skills possessed by individuals will lead to behavior. Meanwhile, the behavior will produce performance. A person's ability, both knowledge or skills possessed in carrying out work will encourage them to perform well. Individual aspects related to individual abilities and work professionalism, group aspects related to the environment in which they work; such as discipline, job compensation, and job satisfaction as well as aspects of the organizational system related to the extent to which the employee adheres to a commitment to growing the company. The responsibility of human resource management in carrying out their duties is to be able to provide suitable substrates for talented and capable personnel in the organization such as; individual ability, work professionalism, organizational commitment, work discipline, work compensation, and job satisfaction so that they can carry out their duties with good quality. Thus, according to the results and objectives of this study, professional human resources can directly create consumer satisfaction and its impact on purchasing intention.
 This type of research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. To test the developed hypothesis using path analysis. Data were obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to culinary tourism actors using a survey method. The sampling technique used the entire population as a sample (census) with a Likert scale. Primary data analysis was carried out after testing the validity and reliability and normality of the data.
 
 Keyword : Customer Satisfaction, Purchasing Intention, Professional Human Resources.

THE EFFECT OF INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS, WORK CULTURE, TEAMWORK, AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH MOTIVATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE AT THE REGIONAL SECRETARIAT OF KARIMUN REGENCY

Human resources are important in an organization or agency if they have an active and quality nature. So that organizational goals can be achieved easily if they are encouraged by increasing the potential of their human resources, in a government agency the Regional Secretariat of Karimun Regency is also very necessary, with increasing employee performance on individual characteristics, work culture, teamwork, work discipline, and motivation factors that become benchmarks for employees in carrying out their obligations at work. The research uses a quantitative approach. The result of this research is that all X variables have an indirect effect, which has a greater value than the variables that directly affect employee motivation and performance. The greatest indirect effect is work discipline with a total of 2873. According to the data managed it shows the R-square value of the Performance variable of 0.148. The R-square value of 0.148 means that the variability of the Performance construct which can be explained by the Variability of Motivation is 14.8% while the remaining 85.2% is influenced by other variables outside those studied, which means that the influence of all exogenous constructs of all variables X on Y is weak. The R-square value of the Motivation variable is 0.720. The R-square value of 0.720 means that the variability of the Motivation construct can be explained by the variability of the construct of all X variables of 72.06% while the remaining 28% is influenced by other variables outside the one studied, which means the influence of all exogenous constructs of all X variables on Z including very strong.

House officers’ specialist career choices and motivators for their choice– a sequential mixed-methods study from Malaysia

PurposeShortage and maldistribution of medical specialists hamper healthcare quality. The specialist career choices of house officers determines the future composition of healthcare systems. We studied house officers’’ specialist career choices and motivators for their choice.Participants and methodsWe conducted online in-depth interviews among seven house officers using an interview guide developed based on a literature review. The transcripts were analyzed. Major themes were identified. A 33-item questionnaire was developed, and the main and sub-themes were identified as motivators for specialist career choice. An online survey was done among 185 house officers. Content validation of motivators for specialist choice was done using exploratory factor analysis. First, second and third choices for a specialist career were identified. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were done to determine the socio-demographic factors and motivators associated with the first choice.ResultsHOs perceived that specialist training opportunities provide a wide range of clinical competencies through well-structured, comprehensive training programs under existing specialist training pathways. Main challenges were limited local specialist training opportunities and hurdles for ‘on-contract’ HO to pursue specialist training. Motivators for first-choice specialty were related to ‘work schedule’, ‘patient care characteristics’, ‘specialty characteristics’, ‘personal factors’, ‘past work experience’, ‘training factors’, and ‘career prospects.’ House officers’ first choices were specialties related to medicine (40.5%), surgery (31.5%), primary care (14.6%), and acute care (13.5%). On multivariate analysis, “younger age”, “health professional in the family”, “work schedule and personal factors”, “career prospects” and “specialty characteristics” were associated with the first choice.ConclusionsMedical and surgical disciplines were the most preferred disciplines and their motivators varied by individual discipline. Overall work experiences and career prospects were the most important motivators for the first-choice specialty. The information about motivational factors is helpful to develop policies to encourage more doctors to choose specialties with a shortage of doctors and to provide career specialty guidance.

Educational Complex Geographical Practice in Student-Centered Learning

The article presents the problem of creating an optimal list of components of educational and professional programs in geography. It is noted that the Concept of student-centered learning provides for the mandatory involvement of students in the formation of educational programs, and therefore in the formation of the content of individual disciplines - a component of educational and professional programs.
 The purpose of the article is to determine the ways to optimize the process of forming students' competencies in the context of «soft skills» and «hard skills» based on the results of the study on the analysis and evaluation of the content and method of geographical practice. The study was conducted with students of the first (bachelor's) level of higher education (educational and professional program «Geography») at the Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University. To analyze and evaluate the content of training, an educational complex geographical practice was chosen as a component of the educational and professional program «Geography». The respondents were students and graduates of 1980-2020. The survey questionnaire contained 12 questions, which were divided into 4 blocks: 1) age and sphere of employment of respondents; 2) received «hard skills»; 3) received social and life safety skills; 4) emotional assessment of the practice and recommendations for improving the practice program. The obtained results proved that the survey of applicants should serve as an additional source for monitoring and modernization of both the program of the discipline and the educational and professional program of the specialty as a whole.

Visible tattoos among referees in four European football leagues during the 2021–2022 season

Visible tattoos among referees in four European football leagues during the 2021–2022 season

The creativity of interdisciplinary research

Individual disciplines have an important role Interdisciplinary research can be a creative process A range of funders support interdisciplinary research There is no single model for successful research environments It would be helpful to have more role models for interdisciplinary researchers.

Analisis Kinerja Karyawan Divisi Marketing PT. Graha Medika Mandiri

This study aims to analyze the performance of employees in the marketing division of PT Graha Medika Mandiri through the influence of workload and work discipline. As a distributor of laboratory equipment & tools in the South Kalimantan region, meeting work targets often results in excessive anxiety and fatigue due to the high workload. This has an impact on individual negligence in managing attitudes and responsibilities, resulting in the level of work discipline. The research methodology is quantitative through analysis of the SEM data model and the SmartPLS software approach. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling, with a total sample of 48 respondents. The findings in the study indicate that the high level of workload received, can reduce the resulting performance. Meanwhile, the level of awareness of individual work discipline can also improve employee performance. A balanced distribution of workloads is able to improve the quality of individual work through maximum and significant work discipline to produce optimal performance. This can be used as material for future evaluations for the management in determining the standardization of a balanced workload for the achievement of company goals.

4.F. Skills building seminar: How can we achieve effective interdisciplinarity in digital public health practice?

Abstract Digital technology, which is driven by technical opportunities rather than by demands, can fail to realise the critical objectives of evidence-based public health and pose novel ethical, legal, sociocultural, and equity-related challenges. While individual health already needs various disciplines to be adequately addressed, even more fields gain importance when it comes to population health. Public health requires collaboration across all domains: Those that tackle an individual's health but also those that set the framework for health practices (e.g., law, medicine, psychology, ethics, or sociology), measure health outcomes on a population-level (e.g., epidemiology), or that develop interventions to improve the populations’ health (e.g., health promotion, health management, implementation science). During the last years, health has become more and more digitalised. Adding the digital level to public health also brings more and increasingly important players on the stage (e.g., human-computer-interaction, computer science, or engineering), who are needed to develop and improve evidence-based digital technologies and innovations on a population level. Having various disciplines collaborating with each other can offer new opportunities but also create new challenges if there is no mutual understanding of digital public health. This skill-building workshop aims to foster awareness of interdisciplinary approaches in public health research and practice. Two short introductory presentations (10 minutes each) will form the frame for the workshop. The first talk will introduce participants to the idea of interdisciplinarity in research and practice and highlight the prerequisites for effective and sustainable interdisciplinary collaborations. The second talk will build on this understanding and present a holistic (digital) public health model that displays how different disciplines contribute to the field and how an interdisciplinary approach can be used to overcome individual challenges. Based on the talks, participants will be invited to work on a case study regarding mobile mental health apps as a digital public health intervention. We will apply the world coffee method, in which each table will display one individual discipline (epidemiology, health economics, psychology, law, ethics, and computer science). An expert in the field will support each table to assist the participants if needed. Every participant will be able to discuss their ideas at three tables (10 min. each). The goal will be to work out how one could best integrate the individual disciplines when developing, implementing, and evaluating mental health apps in the digital public health environment. We discuss what each discipline can contribute to the topic and for which aspects it needs support from other scientific fields. The final results will be collected and summarised as a chapter in a digital public health handbook published by the Leibniz ScienceCampus Digital Public Health. Key messages • Considering different disciplines when developing and implementing digital public health interventions improves the interventions’ outcomes and long-term acceptability in user groups. • Interdisciplinarity in digital public health requires a mindset from researchers that is characterised by empathy/curiosity towards other disciplines and a common understanding of the intervention.

Which disciplines form digital public health, and how do they relate to each other?

Abstract A standard public health definition, coined by Acheson in 1998 and adapted by the World Health Organization, describes public health as ‘the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organised efforts of society’. Several other definitions emphasise different foci such as living conditions, the efficient use and equitable distribution of resources, or sustainability. Yet, they all share the dual nature as a science and practice of public health, its focus on the health of entire populations, and its interdisciplinary nature. In particular, joint efforts of individual disciplines are needed to combine subject matter knowledge and approaches to protect and promote population health. Traditional core public health disciplines comprise the social sciences, humanities, natural sciences, and environmental sciences. Their key tasks are summarised in the ten essential public health services, which can be further extended to digital public health. This extension leads to increasing use and integration of technological innovation and advancement into public health functions which require intensive collaborations with disciplines from the engineering field. In this presentation, we aim to describe the transition from public health to digital public health, emphasising the disciplines needed to tackle population health challenges in a digitalised world. In a first step, we will illustrate core disciplines and their sub-disciplines that are traditionally known in the public health field. In a second step, we will introduce further core and sub-disciplines prominent in digital public health. Finally, we will briefly present examples of key strengths and challenges of some of the disciplines. After this presentation, workshop participants should have a first understanding of the role and importance of interdisciplinarity in digital public health. Stefanie Do will host the table on epidemiology during the world coffee.

Article: Ciarb ADR Competence Frameworks, Competence Statements, and Membership Levels

This article presents the results of the original research and design conducted on behalf of Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (Ciarb) to create an integrated set of competence frameworks for Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), and the individual ADR disciplines of Arbitration, Adjudication and Mediation. It argues that ADR as a field needs to be clearer on the competence it is providing to users, in line with other professions such as law or medicine. The competence frameworks are presented together with a summary of the underlying premises of the work, the work process – including consultation – and some of the expected challenges in operationalizing the frameworks.

Sustaining the ecosystem of higher education in China: Perspectives from young researchers

The sustainable development of higher education in China has been a key priority for the national, social, economic and political development. Responding to the severe competition in various university ranking systems, most universities in China have set aims to enhance their sustainability in research and publication. There has been a prominent conflict that young scholars are expected to be productive, with publications in academic journals, competitive in receiving national and municipal research grants, and prestigious in the national and international arenas, or they will be terminated by the ‘six-year-up-or-out’ policy. Recent reform in higher education that calls for a sustainable development for young researchers is a strategy to revert the side effects from global university ranking systems by nurturing young researchers in their early academic lives, enhancing their productivity in research and publication internationally, and enhancing their global competitiveness without harming sustainability in academic development. This research explored (i) the difficulties that most young scholars face in sustainable academic research development, (ii) the factors that enhance or inhibit research productivity of young researchers, and (iii) the work lives in their early-career development in China. A qualitative study was conducted with data obtained from semistructured, in-depth interviews of 24 young university researchers from three provinces and a municipality in China. Findings show that factors that relate to sustainable research productivity are individual attributes, discipline attributes, institutional attributes and policy attributes. Lastly, suggestions for policy making in higher education and for improving sustainable research development of young researchers in China are provided and implications for future research are discussed.

Analisis Perbandingan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Menggunakan Metode SAW dan WP Dalam Penilaian Kinerja Tenaga Kontrak

Employees at the Regional Secretariat office of East Kotawaringin Regency are divided into 2, namely Permanent Employees (Civil Employees) and Contract Employees (Contract Workers). Contract workers are employees who have non-permanent employment status, so it is necessary to evaluate the quality of their performance to determine the sustainability of the contract extension. There are 6 assessment criteria that are used as a reference for assessing the performance of contract workers, namely Individual Performance Targets, Service Orientation, Integrity, Commitment, Discipline, and Cooperation. The performance appraisal of contract workers at SETDA Kotim has been computerized, but there is still no method applied to the performance appraisal of contract workers, causing the performance appraisal of contract workers to be unstructured. From these problems, a decision support system is needed to be able to assist the process of assessing the performance of contract workers. The researcher conducted a comparative analysis between the SAW method and the WP method, which is expected to determine the right method to be applied in the performance appraisal of contract workers, and can assist the personnel department in processing the performance appraisal of contract workers. Based on the final calculation results, the SAW method and the WP method can be applied in assessing the performance of contract workers and produce the same ranking order, namely the alternative contract worker named A2 = Akmad Rosidi as the best alternative, followed by the other best alternatives A5, A1, A3, and A4. From the comparison results using the MSE (Mean Squared Error) method, the Weighted Product (WP) method produces a higher deviation value than the Simple Addative Weighting (SAW) method, with a comparison of the deviation values, namely the WP method = 228679.4811, while the SAW method = 227926, 7694. So, the Weighted Product (WP) method can be recommended in assessing the performance of contract workers at the Regional Secretariat of East Kotawaringin Regency.

МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ НАУКЕ

Innovative developments in medicine most effective when it utilizes an integrated multidisciplinary approach, the solution to the modern challenges in medical science requires new approaches and keys. And this is not only about the interaction and complementarity of medical disciplines, but the solution of problems regarding related sciences including physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, information technology and others. The rapidly changing field of medicine and healthcare increasingly adopts scientific and technological innovations, making interdisciplinary collaborations especially important. Along with the continuing disciplinary organization of science there is rapid expansion of interdisciplinary knowledge, problematic approaches to research are increasingly being used, and the paradigm of integrity obtained within individual scientific disciplines is being affirmed.

DRIFT: incorporating an eco-social system network and time series approach into environmental flow assessments

DRIFT (Downstream Response to Imposed Flow Transformation) is an interactive, ecological-social process and software package to assist with environmental flow assessments and river management decision-making. It was originally developed in the 1990s and has subsequently evolved and been applied in over 50 studies in Africa, South America, Asia and Europe. Early versions provided predicted ecological responses over time to specific flow changes, while the latest version provides responses to flow and non-flow drivers as seasonal time series. Here, an ecosystem or eco-social network is built for the river, with links between driver and responder indicators, and relationships created for each link. The network and relationships are developed and entered into the software by specialists based on available data and their knowledge. A range of scenarios is explored through the predicted indicator time series, discipline and site level ecological integrity, and social well-being. While DRIFT models vary in complexity, they are all based on relatively simple fundamental principles and arithmetic. Sequential averaging and summation through the system network is used to calculate an indicator’s response to different drivers for successive seasons over time, while the discipline and site level summaries are found using weighted summation of indicator results and individual discipline results, respectively. Information from different specialist areas is therefore processed in the same way, thereby enabling coherent integration across disciplines.

Multi-Dimensional Exploratory Factor Analysis of TED talks

Abstract This article conducts Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) on a corpus of TED talks (2463 talks, across 427 topic tags) to create a new Multi-Dimensional model. The resultant model contained seven dimensions: i. ‘Spontaneous involved versus edited informational discourse’, ii. ‘Abstract informational versus narrative discourse’, iii. ‘Human-world oriented versus object-oriented discourse’, iv. ‘Subjective perspectives’, v. ‘Persuasive stance’, vi. ‘Expert elaboration’, and vii. ‘Change and inspiration’. When the model was compared to prior research, similarity with MD models based in academic texts was observed. However, some dimensions were found to be indicative of the unique nature of TED talks, such as expert elaboration and change and inspiration. When the EFA model was mapped onto the TED corpus’s subcorpora (defined by topic tags), individual disciplines were characterised in terms of the dimensions and some traditional academic groups were observed.

Essen transition model for neuromuscular diseases

BackgroundWith the optimization of medical care structures and the rapid progress in the development of new therapeutic methods, an increase in life expectancy is observed in patients with neuromuscular diseases. This leads to an expansion of the phenotypic spectrum, whereby new or previously less relevant disease manifestations in different organ systems gain more importance. The care of adolescents and young adults with neuromuscular diseases, therefore, requires increasingly close interdisciplinary collaboration within neuromuscular centers.Research questionHow can the transition process from pediatric to adult care be structured so that the individual disciplines are efficiently integrated into the complex treatment and care process, and the patients' quality of life is improved?Material and methodsA structured transition process was established at the University Hospital in Essen, Germany. Exemplarily, a comparable care concept was developed based on Pompe disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and juvenile myasthenia gravis comprising four elements: (1) With the introduction of cross-department standard operating procedures, the logistical processes, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic measures, are uniformly coordinated, and the transition process is bindingly defined. (2) To ensure a seamless transition, young patients are seen with their parents during joint consultations before they reach their 17th birthday. This creates an opportunity for patients to get to know the subsequent department structure and build a lasting relationship of trust. (3) A quarterly “transition board” regularly brings together the participating disciplines from pediatric and adult care systems for a case-related interdisciplinary exchange and continuous optimization of the transition process. (4) A cross-department “Transition Database”, in which medical findings and parameters are recorded, was implemented as a common information platform and database.ConclusionThe Essen Transition Model aims to close the gap in care for young patients with neuromuscular diseases during the critical transition from pediatric to adult medicine and to create a successful continuation of treatment in adulthood.

Editorial board interlocking across the social sciences: Modelling the geographic, gender, and institutional representation within and between six academic fields.

Editorial boards play a key role in the production, dissemination, and promotion of scientific knowledge. The cross-presence of scholars in different journals, known as editorial board interlocking, maps the connections between such bodies of governance. Former research on this topic is typically restricted to individual disciplines and has failed to consider the relevance of potential interlocking between related, but different academic fields. Further, although existing studies note a significant lack of diversity in editorial board representation, they mainly focus on a single dimension, such as gender or geography. This study addressed these knowledge gaps by offering a complex cross-disciplinary approach to the geographical, gender, and institutional compositions of editorial boards, with a specific emphasis on within- and between-fields editorial board interlocking. We used graph and social network analysis to examine editorial board connections between 281 top journals (13,084 members and 17,092 connections) of six disciplines: communication, psychology, political science, sociology, economics, and management. We found substantial differences in terms of field connections, ranging from sociology with 42% interlocking with other fields, to management with only 11%. Psychology is significantly less connected to the other five disciplines. The results also show a clear overrepresentation of American institutions and native English-speaking countries in all fields, with Harvard, Columbia, Cornell, Stanford, UC Berkeley, and New York University forming a well-connected central cluster. Although female scholars are underrepresented, there are no significant differences in terms of positioning in the network. Female scholars are even employed in more central positions than male scholars in psychology, sociology, and management. Our findings extend the literature on editorial board diversity by evidencing a significant imbalance in their gender, geographical, institutional representation, and interlocking editorship both within and between fields.

Forecasting of Successful Completion of University Study Programs: Data Pre-processing and Optimization of LAMA BPO Algorithm

Lithuanian school graduates wishing to be admitted to state-funded places at universities undergo a competitive selection based on their final school and state exam grades. The problem of organizing competitive selection is that in Lithuania there are different types and scales of school knowledge assessments. Algorithm developed by LAMA BPO address this problem by adjusting grades into a single scale. But choice of final arithmetic values into which pupil's grades are converted is not justified theoretically. Proposed by the authors algorithm is a development of the LAMA BPO algorithm and allows to achieve a consistently higher accuracy of predicting learning results at the university. The higher accuracy of the models indicates a better capture of the central trend: a positive correlation between the level of performance in individual school disciplines and the results of university education in certain study programs.

ANALISIS PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN INDIVIDU, DISIPLIN KERJA, DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA DALAM MENUNJANG KEMAJUAN ORGANISASI

This study aims to find out the significance of the influence of individual abilities, work discipline and work experience on organizational progress at the Yogyakarta City Health Office. This type of research is a quantitative research method using SPSS 24. While the data collection technique in this study uses a questionnaire media with the Likert method. The population in this study were employees of the Yogyakarta city education office. The sampling technique used simple random sampling and obtained a sample of 105 employees of the Yogyakarta City Education Office. Based on the tests that have been completed in this research, the results show that: (1) individual abilities do not have a significant influence on organizational progress. (2) Work discipline has a significant effect on organizational progress. (3) Work experience has a significant effect on organizational progress. (4) Individual ability, work discipline and work experience simultaneously affect the progress of the organization.

Relative Age Effect in Elite Swimmers in U14 Czech Championship

PURPOSE The issue of the Relative Age Effect (RAE) has been studied in the theory of sports for more than 30 years. Most studies concentrate on team sports, while the area of some individual sports like swimming can be considered still underexplored. METHODS The aim of our study was to verify the RAE in young elite swimmers (n = 198) who participated in Czech Republic U14 Championship (1) in male and female samples (2) according to swimming disciplines and distances (3) and performance (times in individual disciplines) between individual quartiles / semesters of birth. The analysis was performed with the use of adequate statistical (chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test) and effect size (effect size w index, eta-square test, effect size r index) tests.RESULTS The results showed a different intensity of RAE sex-differences (male: w = 0.033; female: w = 0.006). In the division by the swimming disciplines and swimming distances, statistically significant values with large effect size were found in males in 50 m freestyle, 200 m individual medley, 100 m butterfly and 200 m butterfly. However, this did not apply for girls. Analysis of differences in performance showed a significant difference between the dependent variables (sex, distance, discipline) by different independent variables of quartile / semester of birth with large effect size only in cases of male 100 m breaststroke and female 200 m individual medley.CONCLUSIONS The issue of RAE should be circulated among the coaches working with youth, athletes, sports organizations, but also parents of athletes in order to avoid the termination of actively spent time or drop-outs.