Individual Characteristics Research Articles

Development of adaptive coping strategies of students in a university setting (on the example of the Educational and Practical Center for Conflict Resolution of Southwestern State University)

The purpose of the study. A significant task today is to increase the socio-psychological well-being of students in a university setting. Due to the increased intensity of educational activity, its complexity, and multitasking, the mental stress of students is increasing. Significant stress factors are the new social situation of development; the situation of external assessment in the process of intellectual tests; individual and personal characteristics of participants in educational relations; students' concerns about the ability to cope with educational tasks.The purpose of our work is to explore the possibilities of using the potential of the Educational and Practical Conflict Resolution Center of Southwestern State University for the development of adaptive coping strategies of students.In our work, we investigated the preferred coping strategies of students, offered recommendations for creating psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of students' coping strategies that contribute to successful adaptation to the conditions.Methods. Theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific sources on the research problem was used in the work; empirical research methods: testing using the following techniques: "Questionnaire of coping methods" by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman (Ways of Coping Questionnaire – WCQ), adapted by the Bekhterev National Research Institute; "Coping behavior in stressful Situations" by N. Endler, J. Parker.Results. In the process of empirical research, it was revealed that the most characteristic for students in a stressful situation is coping, focused on avoidance, which manifests itself in distraction. That is, a significant number of students prefer not to solve the problem, but to distract themselves from it by other activities.Among the methods of coping behavior, "escape-avoidance" is pronounced, which most researchers consider to be maladaptive. Coping strategies "distancing" and "positive reassessment" are significantly expressed, which are aimed not at solving the problem, but at reducing emotional involvement in it, preventing emotional reactions to frustration.Conclusion. Thus, there is an obvious need for students to develop problem-oriented coping strategies. In particular, the strategies of "self-control" and "solution planning", which will help students direct their efforts to a rational solution of the problem.

Association of Self-Reported Sleep Characteristics With Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Aging Years Later in Middle-Aged Adults.

To determine the association between early midlife sleep and advanced brain aging patterns in late midlife. Using the CARDIA study, we analyzed sleep data at baseline and 5 years later, focusing on short sleep duration, bad sleep quality (SQ), difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep (DIS and DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), and daytime sleepiness. These were categorized into 0-1, 2-3, and >3 poor sleep characteristics (PSC). Brain MRIs obtained 15 years later were used to determine brain age through a machine learning approach based on age-related atrophy. This cohort study included 589 participants (mean age 40.4 ± 3.4 years, 53% women). At baseline, around 70% reported 0-1 PSC, 22% reported 2%-3%, and 8% reported >3 PSC. In multivariable linear regression analyses, participants with 2-3 or >3 PSC had 1.6-year (β = 1.61, 95% CI 0.28-2.93) and 2.6-year (β = 2.64, 95% CI 0.59-4.69) older brain age, respectively, compared with those with 0-1 PSC. Of the individual characteristics, bad SQ, DIS, DMS, and EMA were associated with greater brain age, especially when persistent over the 5-year follow-up. Poor sleep was associated with advanced brain age in midlife, highlighting the importance of investigating early sleep interventions for preserving brain health.

Antihypertensive Drug Recommendations for Reducing Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Hypertension: Machine Learning-Based Multicohort (RIGIPREV) Study.

High systolic blood pressure is one of the leading global risk factors for mortality, contributing significantly to cardiovascular diseases. Despite advances in treatment, a large proportion of patients with hypertension do not achieve optimal blood pressure control. Arterial stiffness (AS), measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and overall mortality. Various antihypertensive drugs exhibit differential effects on PWV, but the extent to which these effects vary depending on individual patient characteristics is not well understood. Given the complexity of selecting the most appropriate antihypertensive medication for reducing PWV, machine learning (ML) techniques offer an opportunity to improve personalized treatment recommendations. This study aims to develop an ML model that provides personalized recommendations for antihypertensive medications aimed at reducing PWV. The model considers individual patient characteristics, such as demographic factors, clinical data, and cardiovascular measurements, to identify the most suitable antihypertensive agent for improving AS. This study, known as the RIGIPREV study, used data from the EVA, LOD-DIABETES, and EVIDENT studies involving individuals with hypertension with baseline and follow-up measurements. Antihypertensive drugs were grouped into classes such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, diuretics, and combinations of diuretics with ACEIs or ARBs. The primary outcomes were carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle PWV, while the secondary outcomes included various cardiovascular, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters. A multioutput regressor using 6 random forest models was used to predict the impact of each antihypertensive class on PWV reduction. Model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2) and mean squared error. The random forest models exhibited strong predictive capabilities, with internal validation yielding R2 values between 0.61 and 0.74, while external validation showed a range of 0.26 to 0.46. The mean squared values ranged from 0.08 to 0.22 for internal validation and from 0.29 to 0.45 for external validation. Variable importance analysis revealed that glycated hemoglobin and weight were the most critical predictors for ACEIs, while carotid-femoral PWV and total cholesterol were key variables for ARBs. The decision tree model achieved an accuracy of 84.02% in identifying the most suitable antihypertensive drug based on individual patient characteristics. Furthermore, the system's recommendations for ARBs matched 55.3% of patients' original prescriptions. This study demonstrates the utility of ML techniques in providing personalized treatment recommendations for antihypertensive therapy. By accounting for individual patient characteristics, the model improves the selection of drugs that control blood pressure and reduce AS. These findings could significantly aid clinicians in optimizing hypertension management and reducing cardiovascular risk. However, further studies with larger and more diverse populations are necessary to validate these results and extend the model's applicability.

Before reaching the finish line: incompletion of the tenth grade of schooling in Nepal

ObjectiveIncompletion of the basic levels of education is known to adversely affect the social and economic well-being of individuals, as well as a nation’s prosperity. This paper analyzes the correlates of selected characteristics associated with the incompletion of 10th grade among students in Nepal.Data and methodsData on 2,812 youth in ages 18–24, extracted from the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, are used to analyze the proportion of youth who did not complete the 10th grade. The variations by contextual, household, and individual characteristics are analyzed through descriptive and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsAmong the age group of 18–24, the majority – 64% of males and 69% of females – did not complete secondary school. Household wealth showed a consistent and strong effect on incompletion. Overall, the household wealth variable accounted for much of the variation in the incompletion of the 10th grade across the country’s provinces. Additionally, being married is associated with a higher likelihood of incompletion of secondary school, net of the influence of other factors.ConclusionIn Nepal, a significant number of students do not complete the 10th grade of schooling. Sustained efforts, through targeted policies and interventions, are needed to ensure that students who begin secondary school do not leave before completing their education.

TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY TECHNIQUES

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most effective and successful surgical interventions within the orthopedic specialty. THA offers consistent results for patients suffering from advanced degenerative osteoarthritis of the hip (OA), mainly by relieving pain, restoring function and improving overall quality of life. Objective: detail current information related to total hip arthroplasty techniques, as well as anatomy, physiology, indications, contraindications, history, preparation, preoperative evaluation, technique, treatment and complications of total hip arthroplasty. Methodology: a total of 42 articles were analyzed in this review, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 30 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant to this study. The sources of information were PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information in Spanish, Portuguese and English were: hip arthroplasty, hip prosthesis, osteoarthrosis, osteonecrosis. Results: analysis of the 30 articles reviewed reveals that the most commonly used surgical approaches for CTA are posterior, direct anterior (DA) and anterolateral, with the posterior approach being the most common, although it presents a slightly higher risk of postoperative dislocation. Wound closure technique plays a crucial role in preventing complications, and the use of barbed sutures and a sterile dressing is recommended to ensure stability and adequate recovery. Regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis, aspirin has proven to be an effective option, comparable to more traditional agents such as heparin. The most common complications identified in the studies were dislocations, periprosthetic fractures and wound-related problems, which require appropriate management during postoperative follow-up. Conclusions: total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective and widely used procedure for the treatment of advanced osteoarthritis and other hip pathologies that do not respond to conservative treatments. Its evolution from its first applications in the 19th century to modern techniques has led to a significant improvement in clinical and functional outcomes, with a marked reduction in pain and improvement in patients' quality of life. Although the main indications for surgery include hip osteoarthritis and osteonecrosis, the technique should be tailored to the individual conditions and characteristics of each patient, considering factors such as anatomy, comorbidities and post-surgical expectations. A comprehensive approach during preoperative, surgical and postoperative management is essential to optimize outcomes and minimize complications. KEY WORDS: arthroplasty, hip, prosthesis, osteoarthrosis.

Psychiatric Considerations of Infertility.

Infertility, the inability to achieve pregnancy within a year despite normal attempts to conceive without contraception, causes psychosocial burden for individuals and couples. This review summarized the interrelationship between infertility and psychological stress and suggested various forms of psychological intervention for infertility. The PubMed, Google Scholar, and Korean Studies Information Service System databases were searched for English- and Korean-language articles published from 1990 to 2024. Infertility leads to emotional distress from diagnosis to treatment. Also, psychological stress affects the trajectory of infertility. This distress may cause psychiatric illnesses, negatively affecting pregnancy. Psychotherapies, psychopharmacotherapies, and biological treatments can be used for the management of psychiatric illnesses in infertile patients. Digital therapeutics also have the potential to be a competitive treatment option. Regular assessment and management of psychological stress in infertile couples are essential during the course of infertility treatment. Psychological intervention of infertile patients should be implemented according to a personalized plan that completely reflects the individual clinical characteristics.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy: effects on cardiovascular risk and vascular function.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is used in individuals with gender identity dysphoria to align an individual's secondary sexual characteristics with their affirmed gender. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to explore the mechanisms regarding the effects of GAHT on the vasculature. A literature search using PUBMED, Embase, Scopus and Lilacs was performed using search terms for GAHT, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and transgender. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers. Comparison to a cohort of transgender individuals naïve or prior to GAHT or a cisgender population was required. Quality assessment was done using the relevant Critical Skills Appraisal Programme checklists. Out of 2,564 potentially eligible studies, 69 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies provided evidence of beneficial changes in CVD risk profile including reduced haemoglobin and pro-inflammatory markers, and atheroprotective changes in lipids in transgender women. In transgender men there was evidence of negative changes in CVD risk profile including atherogenic changes in lipids and increased haemoglobin, arterial stiffness, and pro-inflammatory markers. There is a paucity of research across non-traditional measures of CVD risk which in combination with heterogeneous study design, loss of follow-up, low sample sizes and lack of diversity in age and ethnicity requires the results to be interpreted with caution. More evidence is required to elucidate the mechanisms behind the increased risk of CVD in the transgender population and determine if GAHT is a contributing factor.

Exploring end-of-life decision-making in China for disorders of consciousness

Objectives We aim to investigate the ethical attitudes of the Chinese population toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in disorders of consciousness (DoC) patients. Methods A self-administered questionnaire concerning WLST was distributed to Chinese medical professionals and non-medical participants between February and July 2022. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and logistic regressions. Results A total of 1223 Chinese participants responded to the questionnaire (39% of whom were medical professionals). Less than one third of participants reported positive attitudes towards withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH), antibiotics, and do-not-resuscitation (DNR) orders in patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) (30%, 24%, 24%) and minimally conscious state (MCS) (23%, 19%, 15%). More respondents agreed with WLST in UWS compared to MCS (p < 0.05). Positive attitudes toward DNR orders were associated with participants’ older age, religion, monthly income > 5000 RMB and medical profession (p < 0.05). Most participants deemed patient’s will (78%), families’ wishes (67%), and financial burden (63%) to be crucial factors when considering WLST. Conclusions Chinese respondents exhibit a relatively low propensity to accept WLST in DoC. Ethical attitudes toward WLST resulted to be affected by individual characteristics of responders. These results call for developing better regulations for identifying qualified surrogate decision-makers and reducing legal ambiguities.

Why not ask them? A systematic scoping review of research on dyadic teacher–student relationships as perceived by students with emotional and behavioral problems

IntroductionMeta-analytical findings indicate that high-quality dyadic teacher-student relationships (TSRs) can act as social protective factors against the development or persistence of emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) by fostering students’ social-emotional and cognitive learning. However, previous research primarily focused on samples of students without EBPs and relied on teacher-rated TSRs. Research on dyadic TSRs from the perspective of students with EBPs is scarce, yet their self-perceptions could offer valuable insights into whether and how dyadic TSRs serve as protective factors for them. Therefore, this systematic scoping review is guided by the central question of how research on dyadic TSRs from the perspective of students with EBPs has been conducted and what insights have been gained to date.MethodsThis question is explored through a narrative synthesis of existing studies, thereby identifying current research approaches, empirical findings, practical implications, and future research needs. A database search using keywords related to EBPs and TSRs yielded 24 included studies.Results and discussionSynthesizing these studies reveals five overarching conclusions. First, students with EBPs and their teachers tend to experience dyadic TSRs less favorably than typically developed (TD) students and their teachers. Second, relationship-enhancing interventions focusing on either teacher-student interactions, contextual factors or individual characteristics of teachers and students appear to be effective for students with EBPs. Third, students with EBPs seem to perceive stronger positive affective relationships with their teachers than teachers do with them. Fourth, students with EBPs may perceive their dyadic TSRs as ambivalent, exhibiting both highly positive and highly negative aspects. Fifth, for the social–emotional and academic development of students with EBPs, dyadic TSR-quality seems to be a risk or protective factor, acting differently than in TD-student. However, due to the diverse nature of the included studies, these conclusions remain only preliminary. Consequently, the review concludes with 10 key recommendations that might guide future research on dyadic TSRs from the perspective of students with EBPs.

Exploring public perception, awareness, and satisfaction with AI applications in Karnataka, India: the role of individual characteristics and media influence

Exploring public perception, awareness, and satisfaction with AI applications in Karnataka, India: the role of individual characteristics and media influence

Heterogeneidad no observada en los ingresos de los trabajadores independientes en el Perú urbano

The research estimates that socioeconomic factors influenced the income of self-employed workers during the periods 2017-2019 and 2020-2022, using data from the National Household Survey conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics. A finite mixture quantile panel regression model was applied, which allowed estimating the heterogeneous effects of socioeconomic factors and modeling the individual characteristics of people, known as unobserved heterogeneity. It was found that, by using two locations or mixtures in the quantile regressions, there is a wide range of effects of years of education across different quantiles for both women and men. Moreover, these effects differ when comparing the periods before and during COVID-19.

PROJECT ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS IN TECHNOLOGY CLASSSES

The article considers educational design projecting as a stage-by-stage process, which is determined by a clear sequence and coherence of students' design and research actions. The authors of the article focus on the fact that the development of a design concept is a key element of the creative process, which is formed under the influence of individual psychological characteristics of the individual, in particular, the ability to perform various types of design activities characteristic of design projecting. Particular attention is paid to the importance of students' design and research activities based on the use of imaginative thinking, productive imagination and graphic control inherent in design activities. The authors show that the use of research tasks in the course of educational design projecting contributes to the growth of students' cognitive independence and creates conditions for their self-development and self-realisation. This approach helps students gain the experience necessary for future professional activities and contributes to the development of their individuality.

Individual and socio-psychological characteristics as predictors of physical activity among men living with overweight and obesity taking part in the Aussie Fans in Training weight management behaviour change programme

Background: Sufficient physical activity (PA) is important to reduce the risk of men developing chronic diseases and to improve mental health. The effectiveness of PA programmes can vary, however, among men. Individual and socio-psychological characteristics may affect the level of men’s PA before starting a behaviour change programme as well as changes in PA during the programme. Aims: The primary objective of this study was to examine the role of individual and socio-psychological characteristics in predicting men’s (a) accelerometer-assessed PA (step count and moderate to vigorous PA [MVPA]) upon presentation to a behaviour change programme and (b) changes in PA (step count and MVPA) during a behaviour change programme. Methods: A total of 109 men (mean age = 45.5 years, SD = 7.8 years, mean body mass index = 34.5 kg/m2, SD = 5.1 kg/m2) who participated in the Australian Fans in Training 3-month PA and dietary behaviour change programme in 2018 participated in this study. Before and after completing the 12-week programme, men completed assessments including individual (age, weight) and socio-psychological (psychological needs support, psychological needs satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect) characteristics. We used regression analysis to examine the relationship between these variables and PA. Results: At baseline, men’s weight (β = –.36, p &lt; .001) and positive affect (β = .29, p &lt; .01) were significant predictors of step count. At baseline, men’s weight (β = –.21, p &lt; .05) and negative affect (β = .23, p &lt; .05) were significant predictors of MVPA, though the overall model did not display statistical significance. The overall regression models did not significantly predict changes in either step count or MVPA pre- to post-programme. Conclusion: The influence of weight and positive and negative affect in predicting PA outcomes suggests that tailoring men’s health behaviour change interventions to individual circumstances and needs could enhance their effectiveness for some men.

Exploring the Routines from Fear of Missing Out to Cyberchondria via a Dual System Perspective

Drawing on the dual system theory, a configuration model for cyberchondria was proposed to explore the complex interplay between the individual characteristics, socioemotional system, and cognitive control system in causing cyberchondria. A questionnaire was distributed to users who have searched for health information on social media platforms. A total of 320 valid responses were collected. The fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was employed to analyse the data. Four equifinal configurations leading to cyberchondria were identified, with fear of missing out, perceived information overload, and perceived communication overload as core conditions. Additionally, one configuration leading to the absence of cyberchondria was identified. We further explored the configurations for the four sub-dimensions of cyberchondria. The results revealed four configurations for excessiveness, two for distress, one for compulsion, and three for reassurance. Four theoretical propositions leading to cyberchondria and its sub-dimensions are proposed. This provides a dual system perspective into how fear of missing out can evolve into cyberchondria and explains the complexities of cyberchondria between different individuals.

Ethnic minority and migrant pay gaps over the life-cycle

Abstract It is well-known that ethnic minority and migrant workers have lower average pay than the White UK-born workforce. However, we know much less about how these gaps vary over the life-cycle because of data limitations. We use new data that combine a 1999–2018 panel from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) with individual characteristics from the 2011 Census in England and Wales. We investigate pay gaps on labour market entry and differences in pay growth. We find that differences in entry pay gaps are more important than differences in pay growth. The entry pay gaps are large, though vary across groups. The pay penalties on labour market entry can, to a considerable degree, be explained by over-representation in lower-paying firms and, within firms, in lower-paying occupations. For most groups, the pay gaps at entry seem to be largely preserved over the life-cycle, neither narrowing nor widening. For migrants, we find that the extra pay penalty is concentrated almost exclusively in those who arrived in the UK at later ages.

Changes in food and drink purchasing behaviour in England during the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic: An interrupted time series analysis.

This study examined changes food and drink purchasing during the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, and if changes varied by population subgroups. We investigated changes in take-home food and drink purchasing and frequency of out-of-home purchasing using an interrupted time series analysis design. The start of pandemic restrictions (the intervention) was defined as 16th March 2020, when first announced in the UK. London and the North of England. 1,245 households reporting take-home and 226 individuals reporting out-of-home purchases between January 2019 and mid-June 2020 from the GB Kantar Fast Moving Consumer Goods Panel. The marginal mean estimate of total take-home energy purchased was 17.4% (95% CI 14.9, 19.9) higher during the pandemic restriction period compared to the counterfactual. Increases of 35.2% (95% CI 23.4, 47.0) in take-home volume of alcoholic beverages and 1.2% (95% CI 0.1, 2.4) in foods and drinks high in fat, salt and sugar were observed. Reductions in purchased energy from fruit and vegetables (-7.3%, 95% CI -10.9, -3.6), ultra-processed foods (-4.0%, 95% CI -5.2, -2.8), and in out-of-home purchasing frequency (-44.0%, 95% CI -58.3, -29.6) were observed. Changes in chocolate and confectionery, soft drink and savoury snack purchases levelled off over time. Changes in all studied outcomes varied by sociodemographic characteristics and usual purchasing. Pandemic restrictions were associated with positive and negative changes in food and drink purchasing, which differed by individual characteristics. Future research should ascertain if changes persist and translate into changes in health.

The Role of Individual and Environmental Socio-Economic Resources for Cognitive Change in Very Old Age

ObjectivesVery old adults aged 80+ years old belong to the fastest growing population segment in many countries. Nevertheless, this age group is often underrepresented in studies of cognitive aging. The goal of this study was to examine individual and environmental socio-economic resources as correlates of cognitive aging in very old age. MethodWe used two waves of data from 2017-2018 and 2019-2021 as part of NRW80+, a survey of a population-based sample of very old individuals who are registered with their main residence in North-Rhine Westphalia, the most populous federal state in Germany. The analyses are based on data from 797 participants, who provided data on at least one cognitive test at both waves. Individual socio-economic resources included education, income, wealth, and occupational prestige. Environmental factors were assessed at the municipality level, including population density, unemployment, (public) transportation, broadband availability, healthcare, and libraries. Control variables included age, sex, marital/partner status, living alone, and living in a nursing care institution. Data were analyzed with latent difference score models. ResultsEducation and wealth were independently associated with better cognitive function at baseline. None of the individual socio-economic variables was significantly related to change in cognitive function. Beyond these individual characteristics and control variables, higher population density and higher broadband availability, but also higher unemployment rate were associated with better baseline cognitive function. Greater distance to highways, but also fewer hospital beds and a higher number of residents per medical doctor were associated with less decline. DiscussionOur findings suggest that individual socio-economic resources continue to be associated with better cognitive function in very old age, but are unrelated to short-term cognitive decline. In addition, there is some evidence for associations of baseline cognitive function and cognitive change with environmental factors over and above individual resources. Implications for future research are discussed.

SES and academic achievement are (not always) related: Profiles of student SES, academic achievement and their links to socio-emotional, cognitive, and metacognitive characteristics

BackgroundSES is a well-established predictor of academic achievement. However, not all students perform according to their SES-background and the predominantly variable-oriented body of research has neglected the investigation of constellations of SES and academic achievement differing from the commonly reported correlational links. AimsThis study adopted a person-centered approach to identify different SES-achievement patterns and to compare them in terms of individual psychological characteristics. SampleData were collected from an SES-diverse sample of 171 French ninth-graders (Mage = 14.40 years). MethodWe applied latent profile analysis (LPA) to (a) identify the various profiles when considering SES and academic achievement in a national standardized exam, and (b) investigate differences between the profiles regarding individual student characteristics (i.e., school well-being, academic self-concept, text anxiety, executive functions, and metacognition). ResultsLPA revealed 4 profiles: Group 1 (‘resilient achievers’, 19.9% of the sample) was characterized by below-average SES but above-average achievement, Group 2 (‘expected high achievers’, 42.1%) by above-average SES and achievement, Group 3 (‘expected low achievers’, 12.9%) by below-average SES and achievement, and Group 4 (‘underachievers’, 25.1%) by above-average SES and below-average achievement. ‘Resilient achievers’ displayed higher school happiness, better working memory and metacognitive knowledge than ‘underachievers’, and higher academic self-concept than ‘underachievers’ and ‘expected low achievers’. ConclusionsOverall, these results suggest that academic resilience of low-SES students is related to socio-emotional, cognitive, and metacognitive resources that should be fostered in all students to promote academic achievement.

A longitudinal examination of contributors to new parents’ perception of their infant

ABSTRACT Background Previous studies have examined contributors to personal growth (PG) following the birth of the first child. This study examines for the first time the role of PG as a potential mediator in the relationship between individual characteristics (bond with parents and experiences of parental loss) and parental perception of their infant (warmth, invasiveness). By focusing on PG, this study offers a novel perspective on how parental experiences and relationships influence early parent-child dynamics over time. Methods We used data from a longitudinal study among new Israeli parents. Participants completed self-report questionnaires in three phases: Up to one year following the birth of their first child (n = 2,182); Six months later (n = 1,045); and after another six months (n = 811). Results The study revealed associations between background variables and perceived infant’s warmth and invasiveness over time. A cross-lag panel model revealed that parental care as reported in Phase 1 was linked to perceived warmth in Phase 1, whereas parental overprotection and parental loss, both reported in Phase 1 were linked to perceived invasiveness in Phase 1. PG mediated the association between parental care and perceived warmth over time. Conclusions This study sheds light on the significance of parental bond, experiences of parental loss, and personal growth in shaping parents’ perception of their infants. The findings highlight the importance of targeted support programmes to promote positive parent-infant relationships, emphasising the need for further longitudinal research to understand the dynamics of these relationships over time.

STEMI Antithrombotic Therapy: The Evolving Role of P2Y12 Inhibitor Pretreatment in Contemporary Practice.

The P2Y12 receptor plays a central role in platelet activation, secretion, and procoagulant activity. The CURE (clopidogrel in unstable angina to prevent recurrent events) trial, conducted in 2001, was the first to effectively demonstrate the benefit of dual anti-aggregation therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) undergoing invasive treatment. Since then, the field of interventional cardiology has changed considerably. The introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) and the development of new, potent P2Y12 inhibitors such as ticagrelor, prasugrel and cangrelor have revolutionized the treatment of ACS. Nevertheless, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a critical condition that requires rapid and effective intervention. The use of P2Y12 receptor antagonists as part of the pretreatment strategy is an interesting topic to optimize outcomes in STEMI patients. This review summarizes the existing evidence on the efficacy and safety of pretreatment with P2Y12 receptor antagonists in STEMI, and emphasizes the importance of making pretreatment decisions based on individual clinical characteristics. The review also looks to the future, pointing to the potential role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving STEMI diagnosis and treatment decisions, suggesting a future where technology could improve the accuracy and timeliness of care for STEMI patients.